Microfluidics lecture 1131 Conrad...

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.(64?9.).(7 +46 (-*2.(&1 &3) '.414,.(&1 *3,.3**6.3, Jacinta C. Conrad University of Houston Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering CHEE 1131 Fall 2015 1 Shepherd, Conrad, Lewis, et al., Langmuir 22, 8618–8622 (2006)

Transcript of Microfluidics lecture 1131 Conrad...

Page 1: Microfluidics lecture 1131 Conrad 2015conradlab.chee.uh.edu/teaching/Microfluidics_lecture_1131_Conrad_2015.pdf.(64?9.).(7 +46 (-*2.(&1 &3) '.414,.(&1 *3,.3**6.3, Jacinta C. Conrad

Jacinta C. Conrad

University of HoustonChemical and Biomolecular Engineering

CHEE 1131Fall 2015

1Shepherd, Conrad, Lewis, et al., Langmuir 22, 8618–8622 (2006)

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Viscosity μ [mass/length-time]Density ρ [mass/length3]

A

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Large length scales LFast VTurbulent

=

ρV L

µ

inertial forceviscous force

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Flow examples in plants (unit operations)

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Combinationsystem

-

Separation

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-

-

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et al.

lab-on-a-chip devices allows unit

Science 202, 400 (1998)

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Nguyen and Wereley, , 2nd ed. (2006)

1m1mm1 m1nm

1000 L1 L 1 mL 1 L1 nL

1 pL

Microanalysis systems

Microfilters/ microreactors

Micropumps/ valves/ flow sensors

Microneedles

MICROFLUIDIC DEVICES

OTHER OBJECTS

Molecules Smoke particles

Nanotechnology/ Nanodevices?

BacteriaViruses

Human hair Man

Conventional fluidic devices

Length scale

Volume scale1 fL1 aL

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Easy to prototype and replicate (via soft lithography)Cheap materials (polydimethylsiloxane, commercially available)

Flexible and deformable (poor for high-pressure applications)Poor resistance to organic solvents

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9 )

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=

ρV L

µ

inertial forceviscous force

Physical meaning

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=

ρV L

µ

inertial forceviscous force

Physical meaning

designs

=V L

D0

time to diffusetime to convect

Physical meaning

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Melin et al., Lab Chip , 214-219 (2004)

Key idea

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Key idea

et al., Anal. Chem. , 5340-5347 (1999)

Schwesinger et al., J. Micromech. Microeng. 6, 99-102 (102)

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b

a

c

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Key idea

Therriault et al., Nat. Mater. 2, 265-271 (2003)

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Key idea

et al., Science , 647-651 (2002)

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mold

flat substrate

A

Key idea

A B

C D

E F

Unger et al., Science 113-116 (2000)

on-off on-off

peristaltic pump valve grid

switching valve

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Key ideapassive valve actuated valve

Terray et al., Science , 1841-1844 (2002)

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Key idea

et al., Anal. Chem. 4913-4918 (2002)

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Key idea

Thorsen et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 4163-4166 (2001)

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Anna et al., Anal. Chem. 4913-4918 (2002)

Key idea

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Tice et al., Langmuir 9127-9133 (2003)

Key idea

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Key idea

Chu et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 8970-8974 (2007)

Utada et al., Science 537-541 (2005)

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Waste Collection

Optical switch

Analysis region

BufferBuffer

Sample input

Key idea

IR laser AOM

488-nm laser

PMT

Photodiode

Filter (525/40)

Filter(488/10)

Sample

Outputwells

cartridgeMicrofluidic

input

reservoirSheath

a

b

c

Wang et al., Nat. Biotechnol. 83-87 (2005)

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Key idea

Huang et al., Science 987-990 (2004)

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Separation of parasites from blood

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Holm et al., Lab Chip , 1326-1332 (2011)

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Key idea

Cho et al., Anal. Chem. 1671-1675 (2003)

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Key ideavapor using capillary forces

Hartman et al., Lab Chip , 1843-1849 (2009)

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Key idearatio, reducing diffusion distances, and enhance heat and mass transfer

Ahmed et al., Adv. Synth. Catal. 1043-1048 (2006)

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Key idea

Text

J. Am. Chem. Soc. 14613-14619 (2003)

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Chen et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 9672-9673 (2005)

Key ideamixing on nucleation of protein crystals

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Key idea

Khan et al., Langmuir 20 8604-8611 (2004)

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microtubules

Khan et al., Lab Chip 576-580 (2004)

Key idea

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Key idearates through a surface

Jeon et al., Langmuir 8311-8316 (2000)

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Chemical synthesis

- Especially for high-value components

Controlled release

- Pharmaceuticals

- Cosmetics

Biotechnology

- Genomics and sequencing

- Biodetection

- Directed evolution

Models of biological processes

- Microvasculature and veination

- Chemotaxis and chemical response

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Kim et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 8825-8835 (2007)

Key idea

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Key idea

Lee et al., Science , 1793-1797 (2005)

yield (38%) and purity (97.6%)Dramatic increase in time (14 min vs 50 min)

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Key idea

pharmaceutical or cosmetic formulation

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Key idea

higher catalytic activity

× faster) × cheaper)

Agresti et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 4004-4009 (2010)

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bloodstreams for cancer detection and monitoring

Key idea

Cancer cells detected at ~400 CTCs/mL

Stott et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 18392-18397 (2010)

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angiogenesis and thrombosis

Key idea

Zheng et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 9342-9347 (2012)

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without sample contamination

Key ideaand sequence whole genomes

Leung et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 7665-7670 (2012)

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Challenges

Scale-up

-operations

- 2-d to 3-d layouts

-

-

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Summary of lecture

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- Exceptional control over reactions and mixing

- Naturally achieves continuous production

- Specialty chemicals and high-value chemicals

- Hard-to-produce molecules (especially biomolecules)

-

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-

Opportunities abound for chemical and biomolecular engineers