2H+

H+

OXALOACETATE

PYRUVATE

SUCCINYL-CoA

GLUTARATE

CITRATE

MALATE2-OXO- ASPARTATE

NO2-

NO3-

N2

NH4

CH3COSCoA

ACETYL-CoA

HOH

CO2

NAD

TRANSAMINATION

2H+

2H+

+

CO2

5-Amino-levulinate

Glycine

H+H+

H+H+

H+H+

c

H+ H+a

F0

F1

F1

2

1

10 c-sub-units

AD P+ Pi

a H+

3.6.1.34

H+-tra

nsporting ATP synthase

F6

oscp

ATP

ADP +Pi

FUMARATE

UQH2

UQ

UQH2

NADH+H+CH2COO-C(OH)COO-CH2COO-

CH(OH)COO-CHCOO-CH2COO-

-OOCCOCH2CH2COO-

-OOCCH2CH2CO.SCoA

-OOCCOCH2COO-

CH3CH(OH)CH2CO.SCoA

-OOCCH=CHCOO-

CCCC

Glyoxylate Cycle

-OOCCHO

GTP

GDPATP

+

HEME Protoporphyrinogen Coproporphyrinogen Uroporphyrinogen Porphobilinogen

5-Amino-levulinate

COO-CH2CH2

H2NCH2C=O

FADH2

FADCyt.b

Fe-S

SUCCINATEII

CH3COCOO-

PYRUVATE

Pi

X Y

Cyt.c1

Fe-S

2e-2e-

1e-

1e-

III

2UQ UQ

UQH22UQH2

2UQ._

UQ._

Cyt.bL Cyt.bH

Cyt.c

IV

CuA

CuB

CuA

1.9.3.1

2e-

Heme a

Heme a3

2H+

2H+4H+

4H+

2H+

NAD+

NADH+H+

NAD+

1.1.1.39

1.2.4.12.3.1.123.1.3.43

4.1.1.32

4.1.3.7

4.2.1.3

1.1.1.41

1.2.4.22.3.1.61

6.2.1.4-OOCCH2CH2COO-

1.3.5.1

4.2.1.2

1.1.1.37

6.4.1.1

4.1.3.8

4.1.3.1

4.1.3.2

ISOCITRATE

2.6.1.12.3.1.16

4.1.1.71

1.2.1.16

5.1.99.15.4.99.2

4.3.1.1

1.4.1.2 1.4.1.14

6.3.5.4

1.6.6.11.7.99.4 1.7

.7.1

1.6.6.4

1.18.6

.1

2.3.1.37

1.10.2.2

1.10.2.2

H++

33

ATP

ADP

ENDERGONIC REACTION

1.6.5.3

I

FMNH2

FMN I

1.6. 5.3

2Fe -S (5 Clusters)

H+ H+H+ H+

ATP

4H+

2H+

2H+or

H+

PHOTO-SYSTEM

l

O2

3.6.1.34

NADP+

GlyceraldehydeRibulose-1,5-bis-P

2

88

H+c

32

a

32

1

2

1

3

3

H+

H+

H+

H+

H+H+

H+

H+ H+H+

H+H+H+H+

H+

H+H+H+

H+H+

H+

H+

H+

H+

H+

H+H+

H+H+

H+H+

H+H+H+Translocated protons

H+

H+H+

H+Pi

Ferredoxin

4H+PC PC

PC

PQH2

2PQH2

PQ_.

2PQ_.Fe-S Cyt.f

PQ

2PQ

Cyt bf

2e-

1e- 1e-

2e-

2e-

2e-

2e-

Cyclic Ph

otophosphorylation

PQ

PHOTO-SYSTEM II

Cyt bc

Non-cyclic electron flow

2e-2e-

Mn2e-

*

Protons from Water

H2O

H+

H+

2H+2H+

ATP synthase

CO2Fixation

H+

ADPPi

H+

NADPH+H+

eeeATPTHYLAKOID MEMBRANE

CHLOROPLAST OUTER MEMBRANE

THYLAKOID LUMEN

STROMA

(electric current)

P680Chl.a

QA

QB

Pheophytin

P700

Chl.A0

A1

Fe-S

ATP

ADP

ATP

1/2O2

H2O

PQH2

To Brain -

AMINO

ACIDS

PYRIMIDINES

PURINES

CATECHOLAMINES

AROMATIC

AMINO

ACIDS

hvVISION

LIPID

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

PORPHYRINS

STEROIDS

ISOPRENOIDS

PHOSPHOLIPIDS

DEGRADATION

LIPID

BIOSYNTHESIS

PENTOSES

HEXOSES

POLYSACCHARIDES

COCH CH(NH )COO2 3+

FOLICACID

C1POOL

VALINE

ATP

ATP

4.1.1.4 1.1.1.30

CH COCH3 3

CH COCH COO3 2

CH CH(OH)CH COO3 23-OH-ButyrateAcetone

Acetoacetate

KETONE BODIES

HYALURONIC ACID DERMATAN BLOOD GROUPSUBSTANCESPEPTIDO-GLYCAN

N-Ac-Neuraminate(Sialate)

UDP-Iduronate

UDP-N-Ac-Galactosamine UDP-

Galacturonate

GDP-Fucose

TDP-Rhamnose

ADP-Glucose

UDP-Glucose

TDP-4-Oxo-6-deoxyglucose

MANNOSE

CHITIN CHONDROITIN PECTIN

ALGINATES

INULIN CELLULOSE

O-ANTIGENS STARCH GLYCOGEN

LACTOSE

GALACTOSE

O

OH

HO

OH

OH

CH3 O

OPPTO

OH

OH

O

OHACNH

HO OH

O

OHHO OPPU

NHAC

OH

OH OH

OH

HO

OH

NHCOCH

OH HO

O

OPPG

CH OH2

HO

P

UDP-N-Ac-Glucosamine

pyruvateN-Ac-Mannosamine-6-P UDP-Glucuronate

GDP-Mannose

N-Ac-Mannosamine UDP-N-Ac-Glucosamine N-Ac-Glucosamine-6-P

Sorbitol

Fructose-1-P

Erythrose-4-P

3-Dehydrogulonate

L-Xylose

L-Lyxose

D-Xylulose

D-Ribose

RibitolL-Arabitol L-Xylulose

L-Ribulose L-Ribulose-5-P

L-Xylulose-5-P

L-Arabinose Xylitol D-Xylose

D-Arabinose D-Ribulose

ASCORBATE

2, 3-Dioxogulonate

N-Ac-Glucosamine-1-P

Inositol-PInositolGlucuronateGulonate

Gulonolactone 2-Oxogulonolactone

Fructose

6-P-Gluconate

D-Ribulose-5-P

D-Xylulose-5-P

Mannose-1-P

GDP-Glucose

TDP-Glucose

UDP-Galactose

Galactose-P

Glucose-1-P

Glucose-6-P

Fructose-6-P

Fructose-1:6-bis-P

OH

H H HO

HOCH2 C C C C CO

OH OHH OH

H HO

HOCH2 C C C CO CO

OHH

H

OH H

C C

OH

CO

P-Ribosylamine

Glycerate2, 3-Diphospho-glycerate

3-P-Glyceraldehyde

1:3-bis-P-Glycerate

3-P-Glycerate

2-P-Glycerate

P-enolpyruvate

Inositol

CH OH2

CH OH2

HOCH

CH OH2

CH O2

HOCHP

Glycerol

UDP-GalactoseUDP-Sugars

CH CH OH3 2ETHANOL

Dihydroxy-acetone-P

(Glycerone-P)

Glucosamine-6-P

Phospho-serine

Chain elongation Mitochondrial

Serine

Serine

Indole-3-glycerol-P

3-Deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-P

Indoleacetate(Auxin)

Indoxyl

Formylkynurenine Kynurenine 3-Hydroxykynurenine

3-Hydroxyanthranilate

2-Amino-3-carboxymuconate semialdehyde

NH

OH

Tryptamine 1-(o-Carboxy phenylamino)1-deoxyribulose-5-P

N-(5-P-Ribosyl)anthranilate

Anthranilate

Catechol

NHIndole-

acetaldehyde

NH

CH CHO2

Indolepyruvate

NH

C-CH(OH)CH(OH)CH O2 PCH

2-Aminomuconate-6-semialdehyde

CH CH NH2 2 2

NH

1.2.3.7

4.1.1.43

3.5.1.9 3.7.1.3

4.2.1.20

1.13.11.6 4.1.1.45

2.4.2.18

4.6.1.4

4.1.1.48

1.14.13.9

4.6.1.3 Dehydro-quinate

4.2.1.10 1.1.1.25 2.5.1.19Shikimate-3-P Shikimate-5enolpyruvate 3-P

ChorismatePEP

2.7.1.71

1.4.1.19

Homogentisate Phenylpyruvate

Cinnamate

Coumarate

Prephenate

2-Aminomuconate

Fumarate Aspartate

GLYCINE

Sarcosine

Hydroxy-pyruvate

P-Hydroxy-pyruvate

SERINE

Imidazoleglycerol-P

P-Ribosyl-ATP P-Ribosylformimino5-aminoimidazole-carboxamide-R P

Formiminoglutamate

Imidazolonepropionate

Urocanate

Cystathionine Homocysteine

Phosphoadenylyl-sulphate

(PAPS)

CH (NH )COOH2 3+

Histidinol-PHistidinolHistidinal3.1.3.15 2.6.1.91.1.1.23

3.6.1.315.3.1.162.4.2.17

Asparagine

ALANINE

3-Sulphinylpyruvate

Oxobutyrate

2-Aceto-2-hydroxy-butyrate

O-Phospho-homoserine

HO SCH CH NH2 2 2 2Hypotaurine

HO SCH CH NH3 2 2 2Taurine

Glutamate

-Glutamylcysteine

Glutathione

Glycine

Cysteine

-Alanine

Cysteate S-Adenosylhomocysteine

4.2.99.2

1.1.1.864.2.1.9

1.1.1.86 4.2.1.92.6.1.32

4.1.3.18

S-Adenosylmethionine

(SAM)

2-Methylaceto-acetyl-CoA

2-Acetolactate 2-3-Dihydroxyisovalerate

2-Oxo-isovalerate

3-Hydroxy-isobutyrate

3-Hydroxy-Isobutyryl-CoA

Methylacrylyl-CoA

2-Methyl-3-hydroxy-

butyryl-CoA

Tiglyl-CoA 2 Methylbutyryl-CoA

2:3-Di-OH-3-methylvalerate

2-Oxo-3-methylvalerate

Isobutyryl-CoA

Cysteinesulphinate

4.2.99.9

2-Isopropyl-malate

CH CH COCOO3 2

+CH CH(NH )COO3 3

CH CH(OH)COO3

HO SCH COCOO2 2

OCH COCOO2P

OCH CH(NH )COO2 3P

HOCH COCOO2

HOCH CH(NH )COO2 3+

+

OH

CH COCOO2

COO

OHOHO

COO

OHOH

HO P

COO

OHOH

O

CH2

P

COO

O-C-COOOH

OOH

OOC CH COCOO2

N H

HOC-CH(OH)CH(OH)CH 2OPCH

COO

NH2

COO

OHNH2COO

COO

OCH

OOCCH NHCH2 3

CH (CH ) COS-ACP3 2 14 CH (CH ) COSCoA3 2 14

CH (CH ) CH=CHCO-S-ACP3 2 2

CH CH=CHCO-S-ACP3 CH CH(OH)CH COS-ACP3 2

COSCoA

Linoleate

Oleoyl-CoA

Stearoyl-CoA Dehydrostearoyl-CoA OH-Stearoyl-CoA Oxostearoyl-CoA

Palmitoyl-ACP Palmitoyl-CoA

ACYL-ACP 2, 3-Enoyl-ACP

3, 4-Decenoyl-ACP

2, 3-Decenoyl-ACP

3-OH-Acyl-ACP 3-Oxoacyl-ACP

3-Oxo-Decanoyl-ACP

3-Oxo-Hexanoyl-ACP3-OH-Hexanoyl-ACP2, 3-Hexenoyl-ACP

Butanoyl-ACP Crotonoyl-ACP 3-OH-Butanoyl-ACP Acetoacetyl-ACP

Hexanoyl-ACP

3-OH-Decanoyl-ACPDecanoyl-ACP

Palmitoleoyl-ACP

-Linolenate Arachidonate Leukotriene B4

COSCoA

CO-S-ACP

Thromboxane B2

HOOCCH CO-S-ACP2Malonyl-ACP

HOOCCH CO-SCoA2Malonyl-Co-A

CH CO-S-ACP3Acetyl-ACP

CH O-CO-R2

CH OH2

R-CO-OCH

FATTY ACIDACYL-CoA(Cytosol)

CH O-CO-R2

CH O2

R-CO-OCH

P

Cardiolipin P