Makarajyothi 2011 page 51-100
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Transcript of Makarajyothi 2011 page 51-100
- 61 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
i_cnae-bn¬ {]mNo-\-
Imew apX¬ \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-
°p∂ aIcw 1˛mw XobXn
apX¬ 6˛mw Xob-Xn-h-sc-bp≈
aI-c-hn-f°v atlm-’-h-Øn\v
]¥-fØv cmPm-hns‚ XnI™
km∂n≤yw Xmsg hnh-cn -
°p∂ hn[-am-Wv.
aIcw 1˛mw XobXn i_-
cn-a-e-bn¬ Nm¿Øp-∂-Xn-\mbn
sIm≠p-h-cp∂ Xncp -hm-` -c -
WsØ i_-cn-a-e-hsc {_“m-
hnjvWp atl-iz-c-∑msc {]Xn-
\n -[m\w sNbvXv tZh-Iƒ
BIm-iØv A\p-K-an-°p∂p
F∂mWv hnizm-kw.
aIcw 1˛mw XobXn
sshIp-t∂cw 6.30 aWn-tbm-Sp-
IqSn FØp∂ Xncp-hm-̀ -cW t]S-I-߃ t_m¿U-
[n-Ir-X¿ icw-IpØn-bn¬ \n∂pw kzoI-cn®v,
{iotIm-hn-en¬ FØn-°p∂ {][m\ t]S-I-Ønse
B -̀c-W-߃ Nm¿Øn Zo]m-cm-[-\-bv°mbn Hcp°p-
∂p. Xncp-apJw _nw_-Øn¬ Nm¿Øp∂ kabw
(Xn-cp-\S Xpd-°p-∂-Xn\v apºm-bn) Ing°v BIm-
iØv aI-c-kw-{Im¥n \£{Xw DZn-®n-cn-°pw. Zo]m-
cm-[-\-°mbn \S-Xp-d-°p-tºmƒ hS°v Ingt° ae-
ap-I-fn¬, tZh-tem-IØv tZh-∑m¿ \S-Øp∂ D’-
hm-Zn-I-fpsS {]Xn-^-e-\-sa-t∂mWw Nne h¿j-
ß-fn¬ an∂¬{]` I≠n-cp-∂p. C∂v AXv aI-c-
tPym-Xn- mbn s]m∂-º-e-ta-´n¬ ImWp-∂p. Cu
Znhkw apX¬ ASpØ 4 Znhkw XpS¿®-bmbn
`‡-∑m¿ k¿Δm-`-cW `qjn-X-\mb {ioA-ø-∏s\
I≠v Z¿i\w \S-Øp-∂p.
cmP-cm-P-h¿Ω
i_-cn-ae aI-c-hn-f°v atlm-’-h-Øn¬
]¥-f-Ø-c-Ns‚ km∂n≤yw
aIcw 3˛mw XobXn
sshIp-t∂-c-tØm-Sq-IqSn icw-
Ip-Øn-bn¬ FØp∂ cmP-{]-Xn-
\n-[n-tbbpw, kwL-tØ-bpw,
hmZy -tLm-j-ß-tfm -Sp -IqSn
kzoI-cn-°p-∂p. 18-˛mw ]Sn-bpsS
Xmsg FØp∂ Xºp-cms\
ta¬im¥n bYm-hn[n kzoI-cn-
® v , ]Xn -s\´mw ]Sn -I -b‰n
{iotIm-hn-ens‚ ap∂n-te°v
B\-bn-°p-∂p. {iotIm-hn-ens‚
tkm]m-\-∏-Sn-bpsS sX°p-`m-
KØv \n∂v Xºp-cms‚ ssIh-
i-an-cn-°p∂ "kz¿Æ-®p-cnI' \S-
bn¬ sh°p-I-bpw, Cu NpcnI
kz¿Æm-`-cW `qjn-X-\m-bn-cn-
°p∂ Aø-∏s‚ heXv
ssIøns‚ `mKØv sh°p-∂-
tXm -Sp -IqSn ]q¿Æ-ambpw
kz¿Æm-`-cW `qjn-X-\mb {ioAø-∏s\ bph-cm-
Pm-hmbnI≠v hμn-°p-∂p. tijw Xºp-cm-\p-am{Xw
{]kmZw \¬Ip-∂-Xn-\mbn Icp-Xn-bn-´p≈ kz¿Æ-
- 63 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
Ø-fn-I-bn¬ {]km-Z-hpw, iwJn¬ \n∂v Xo¿∞hpw
kzoI-cn-®v, ta¬im-¥n°v hkv{Xhpw ]nSn-∏-Whpw
\¬In {]Zn-£-W-ambn ]√-°n¬ amfn-I-∏p-d-
tØ°v bm{X-bm-Ip-∂p. amfn-I-∏pd Z¿i-\-Øn-\p-
tijw aWvU-]w-I-S∂v amfn-I-∏p-dØv Hcp°n-bn-
´p≈ cmP-a-WvU-]-Øn-se-Øp-∂p. aI-c-amkw 6˛mw
XobXn hsc cmP-a-WvU-]Øv Xma-kn®v ]qPm-k-
abw ta¬im¥n Adn-bn-°p-∂-X-\p-k-cn®v ]c-º-
cm-KX coXn-bn-ep≈ NS-ßp-I-tfmsS Z¿i\w \S-
Øp-∂p. Xºp-cms‚ Z¿i-\-k-a-bØv I¿i-\-amb
\nb-{¥Ww tkm]m-\Øv D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. ]qPm-
\n-th-Zy-߃ t_m¿U-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ cmP-a-WvU-]Øv
FØn®v sImSp-°pw.
aIc amkw 5˛mw XobXn \S-°p∂ If-̀ m-̀ n-
tj-Ihpw ]qPbpw Ign™v X{¥n, ta¬im-¥n, Ig-
I-°m¿, t_m¿U-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ XpS-ßn-b-h¿°v Xºp-
cm≥ Z£nW \¬Ip-∂p. XpS¿∂v Chsc Xºp-
cm≥ \S-Øp∂ If-̀ -k-Zy-bn¬ ]¶p-sIm-≈p-hm≥
£Wn-®-Xn-\p-tijw amfn-I-∏p-d-tØ°v bm{X-bm-Ip-
∂p. At∂Zn-h-ksØ If-̀ -Øn-\p-ti-jw, i_-cn-a-
e-bn¬ s\ø-̀ n-tjIw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-X-√.
aIcw 6˛mw XobXn sshIp-t∂-cw, amfn-I-∏p-
dØv \S-°p∂ If-sa-gpØv ]m´n-\pw, Kpcp-Xn°pw
Xºp-cm≥ ta¬t\m´w hln-°pw.
aIcamkw 3˛mw XobXn apX¬ 5˛mw Xob-
Xn-hsc amfn-I-∏p-d-Øp-\n∂pw icw-Ip-Øn-hsc B\-
∏p-dØv Fgp-∂-≈Øv D≠v. Cu Fgp-∂-≈-Øn\v
ap≥]n¬ cmP-{]-Xn-\n-[nbpw D≠m-bn-cn-°pw.
amfn-I-∏p-d-Ø-Ω, {ioA-ø-∏s‚ AΩ F∂
k¶¬∏-Øn-em-b-Xn-\m¬ A—≥ AΩ-tbbpw Iq´n-
s°m-≠v, kz¿Æm-`-c-W-`q-jn-X-\m-bn, bph-cm-Pm-
hmb {ioA-ø-∏s\ ImWm≥ h∂n-cn-°p∂ I∂n-
b-ø-∏-∑m-cpsS hc-hns\ km£y-s∏-SpØn \mbm-
´p-hn-fnbpw Ign™v amfn-I-∏p-d-tØ°v aS-ßp-∂p.
aI-c-amkw 4˛mw Znhkw Fgp-∂-≈-Øn\v
ap≥]mbn amfn-I-∏p-dØv tZhn-t£-{X-\-S-bn¬ \mep-
]mZwh®p \a-kv°mcw \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂Xv CS-°m-
eØv £Xw-kw-̀ -hn-®Xv ]p\-cm-cw-̀ n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈
\S-]-Sn-Iƒ FSp-Øp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.
aIcw 6˛mw Xob-Xn-bn-esØ Kpcp-Xn-°p-
tijw Bcpw amfn-I-∏p-dØv Xßm-dn-√m-Ø-Xp-Im-
cWw Xºp-cm\pw Iq´cpw ]Xn-s\´mw]Sn°v apI-
- 65 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
fn¬ t_m¿U-[n-Im-cn -Iƒ Hcp°n-bn-cn -°p∂
hn{ia apdn-bn-te°v Xmakw am‰p-∂p. At∂
ZnhksØ Z¿i-\-tØm-Sp-IqSn Cu kok-Wnse
kzman-`-IvX¿°p≈ Z¿i\w Ah-km-\n-°p-∂p.
aIcw 7˛mw XobXn A`n-tj-I-hpw, KW-]-
Xn-tlm-a-hpw, Dj-\n-th-Zyhpw am{Xta D≠m-bn-cn-
°p-I-bp-≈q. AXn-\p-tijw {iotIm-hn-en-\p-≈n¬
ta¬im¥n hn{K-lsØ intcm-hkv{Xw AWn-bn®v
Aºpw, hn√pw \¬In Xºp-cm-\p-am-bp≈ IqSn-°m-
gvN°v Hcp°p-∂p. Z¿i-\-Øn-\mbn £Wn-°p∂
ta¬im¥n {iotIm-hn-en-\p-≈n¬ F√m Zo]-ßfpw
IØn-°p-∂p. ta¬im¥n CS-Xp-ssI-øn¬ \ocm-P-
\hpw IØn®v ]nSn®v {iotIm-hn-en-\p-≈n¬ IX-
In\v ad-™p-\n¬°pw. ]Xn-s\´mw∏Sn apX¬
{iotIm-hn¬h-sc-bp≈ Ing°v `mKØv Xºp-cm-
s\m-gnsI Bcpw \n¬°p-hm≥ ]mSn-√. Xºp-cm≥
a{¥m-Zn-Iƒ sNm√n, hnShm߬ a{¥hpw sNm√n,
ssI°q∏n hnS-tNm-Zn-°p-∂-tXm-Sp-IqSn IqSn-°mgvN
Ah-km-\n-°p-∂p. DS≥ Xs∂ ta¬im¥n apt∂m-
´vh∂v intcm-h-kv{Xhpw Aºpw, hn√pw
am‰n `kvam-`n-tjIw \SØn cp{Zm-£-
am-ebpw ZWvUpw AWn-bn®v [ym\-\n-
c-X-cq-]-am°n IpSn-bn-cp-Øp-∂p. ASp-Ø-
]-Sn-bmbn Xºp-cms‚ km∂n-≤y-Øn¬
]nd-tIm´v \S∂v {iotIm-hn-en-\p-≈nse
hnf-°p-Iƒ Hmtcm-t∂m-tcm-∂mbn AW-
°p-∂p. Ah-km\w Hcp sNdnb hnf-
°n¬ Xncn-]-I¿∂-tijw Xºp-cm-t\mSv
{iotIm-hn¬ AS-°p-hm-\p≈ A\p-hm-
Zw tNmZn-°p-∂p. XpS¿∂v Hcp I¿∏q-c-
Zo]w sImfp -Øn, \S -b -S®v ]q´n
Xmt°m¬ Xºp-cms\ G¬∏n-°p-∂p.
G‰hpw ap∂n¬ DS-hmfpw ]cn-N-bp-ambn
Ipdp∏pw AXn-\p- ]n-∂n¬ \ocm-P-
\hpambn ta¬im-¥nbpw AXn-\p- ]n-
∂n¬ Xºp-cm\pw F∂ coXn-bn¬ t£{X-Øn\v
hew-sh®v ]Sn-bn-d-ßp-∂-Xn-\p-apºv ta¬im¥n
\¬Ip∂ \mfn-tIcw kzoI-cn-°p-∂-tXm-Sp-Iq-Sn,
Ipdp∏pw ta¬im-¥nbpw ]Sn-bn-d-ßp-∂p. tijw \mfn-
tI-c-ap-S®v ]Sn-bn-d-ßp∂ Xºp-cm≥, Xmsg FØn-
bm¬ ]Sn-b-S-°p-I-bpw, {iotIm-hn-ens‚ Xmt°m¬
ASpØ Hcp h¿jsØ ]qP \S-Øp∂Xnte-°mbn
ta¬im-¥nsb Xncn-t®¬∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v apºmbn,
Hcp h¿jsØ hchp Nnehp an®-sa∂ k¶¬∏-
Øn¬ Hcp ]W-°ngn ta¬im¥n Xºp-cms\
G¬]n-°p∂p. Xºp-cm\pw ]cn-hm-c-ßfpw Xncp-hm-
-̀c-W-tØm-sSm∏w ]¥fw sIm´m-c-Øn-te°v aS-°-
bm{X Bcw-̀ n®v aI-c-amkw 10-̨ mw XobXn kz`h-\-
Øn¬ FØn-t®-cp-∂p.
{ioAø-∏-`-K-hms\ Nm¿Øp-hm-\p≈ Xncp-
hm-`-cW t]S-IsØ BZym-h-km\w AI-ºSn
tkhn-°p∂ IrjvW-∏-cp-¥v, hnS-hm-ßn-t∏m-Ip∂
ZpxJ-Øn¬ ]¶p-tN-cp∂p F∂v tXm∂n-°p-amdv aS-
°-bm-{X-bn¬ AZr-iy-am-bn-cn-°pw.
cmP-cm-P-h¿Ω : ]¥-fØv cmP-Ipw-_mw-Kw. k¿°m-cpw, tZhkzw t_m¿Upw, X{¥n-bpw,
ta¬im-¥nbpw a‰p-am-bp≈ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS tIm˛-Hm¿Un-t\-‰-dmbn {]h¿Øn-®p-h-cp-∂p.
- 67 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
cmP-ti-J¿. ]n. ssh°w
""htμ hym{L ]pcm-[oiw
hym{L-N¿a hn`q-jnXw
Xucy-{Xn-I-{]nbw tZhw
k¿Δ-aw-Kf ImcIw''
t { X X m - b p - K -
Øn¬ Jcm -kp -c≥
Xm≥ ]qPn-®n-cp∂ aq∂v
inh-enw-K-ß-fp -ambn
BImi am¿tKW
t]mIp∂ Ah-k-c -
Øn¬ Xs‚ hesØ
ssIbnse inh enwKw
ssh°Øpw, Igp-Øp-
sIm≠v Xmßn-bn-cp∂
inh-enwKw ISp-Øp-cp-
Øn-bnepw CStØ
ssIbnse inh-enwKw
G‰p -am -\qcpw {]Xn -
jvTn® IY kphn-Zn-X-
am-Wt√m. AXp-sIm-
≠mWv Hcp Znh-kw-
Xs∂ Cu aq∂v alm-
t £ - { X - ß - f n e p w
Z¿i\w \S-Øp-∂Xv
hfsc hnti-j-am-b-Xv
(G‰p-am-\q¿, ISp-Øp-cp-
Øn, ssh°w F∂-
XmWv Z¿i-\-{I-aw). hym{L-]mZ al¿jn-bpsS
]mZ-kv]¿iw-sIm≠pw ]hn-{X-amWv ssh°w. {io
]c-ta-iz-c≥ al¿jn°v Z¿i\w sImSpØ ÿew
(Bepw amhpw πmhpw \n¬°p∂ hym{L-]m-Z-Ød)
C∂pw aXn¬°-IØv ImWmw. cmhnse ⁄m\-
ZmXmhm-bn-cn -°p∂ Z£n-Wm-aq¿Øn-bm-bpw,
D®bv°v k¿hm-̀ ojvS ^e-{]-Zm-b-I-\m-bn-cn-°p∂
Incm-X-aq¿Øn-bmbpw, kmbw-Im-eØv ]m¿h-Xo-tZ-
hn-tbm-sSm∏w awK-e-aq¿Øn-bmbpw, km£m¬
ssh°-Ø-jvSan
ssIem-km-N-e-aq¿Øn kuay-aq¿Øn-bmb {io
ssh°-Ø-∏-\mbn, ssh°Øv s]cpw-Xr-t°m-hn-
en¬ hmgp-∂p. Zo\t\m Zcn-{Zt\m Bcp-X-s∂-bm-
bmepw Zpcn-X-hm-cn[n \Sp-hn¬ Dg-dp-tºmƒ, ""Fs‚
s s h ° - Ø ∏ m . . . ' '
Fs∂m∂v hnfn-®m¬a-
Xn, AYhm H∂v kvacn-
®m¬a-Xn. B Icp-Wm-
I-Sm£w DS-\p-≠m-Ipw.
A{Xbv°v Zo\-_-‘p-
hmWv A∂-Zm-\-{]-`p-
hmb s]cpw-Xr-t°m-hn-
en-e-∏≥. "]pcm-tWm-]-
am-\'am-bn-cp∂ "hoWp-
Ip-Øp-am-dmb' cma-]p-
csØ C√-Øp-\n∂pw
s s h ° - Ø p - h ∂ v
""Fs‚ s]cpw-Xr-t°m-
hn-en-e-∏m, t]m‰o, `K-
hm-t\, Fs‚ Cu Zmcn-
{Zy-Øn-s\m-c-dpXn hcp-
Ø-tW'', F∂v D≈p-
cpIn {]m¿∞n® B
hmcy -sc, IptN-e-
hrØw h©n-∏m v́ ]mSn-
®v , h©n`q]-Xn -sb-
s°m≠v Ipt_-c-\m-°n-
bmWv `K-hm≥ ]ns∂
C√-tØ-°-b-®-Xv. Io¿Ønbpw A¿∞hpw th≠p-
thmfw \¬In cma-]p-c-Øp-hm-cysc A¿∞-ap-≈-h-
\m-°n-°-f™p, ssh°-Ø-∏≥. \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ ]n∂n-
te-s°m∂pw t]mtI-≠. ssh°-Ø-∏s‚ Icp-Wm-
I-Sm-£-Øns‚ i‡n Adn-bp-hm≥. kwKoX N{I-
h¿Øn-bmb Z£n-Wm-aq¿Ønkzman-sb-t∏mep≈
`t‡m-Ø-a≥am-tcmSv A¬∏-t\cw sNe-hn-́ m¬aXn,
ssh°-Ø-∏s‚ s]cpa Fs¥∂v \mw Adn-
bmsXXs∂ Adn™p-t]mIpw.
- 69 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
hnkvXr-X-amb aXn¬s°-t´m-Sp-IqSn Hcp
alm-t£-{X-Øn-\p-th≠ {]uVn-tbmsS ]Wn-I-
gn-∏n-®n-́ p-≈-XmWv ssh°w- t£-{Xw. tIc-f-Ønse
G‰hpw henb h´-{io-tIm-hn-emWv ssh°-tØ-
Xv (]cn-]q¿W hrØw A√, A¬∏w Bb-X-hr-
Ø-am-Wv, F∂m¬ in¬∏-imkv{X{KŸ-ß-fn¬
hn[n-®n-´p≈ Bb-X-hrØw Bbn-´n-√-Xm-\pw.)
CXv {iotIm-hn-ens‚ ]g-°-Øn-te°pw hnc¬Nq-
≠p-∂p. Ingt° tKm]p-c-tØm-Sp- tN¿∂ B\-s°m-
´n-en-\p-]p-dsa sImSn-a-c-tØmSv tN¿∂v IjvSn®v
\qdv h¿jw-ap≥]v ]Wn-sNbvX as‰m-cm-\-s°m-´n-
ep-ap-≠v. CubnsS Ingt° B\-s°m-´n¬ H∂v
hn]p-eo-I-cn-®n-́ pap-≠v.
ssh°-Ø-jvS-an-sb-°p-dn®v {ioam≥ \mem-
¶¬ IrjvW-]n≈ alm-t£-{X-ß-fpsS ap≥]n¬
F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn-se-gp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂ hcn-Iƒ
t\m°q: ""CXn\v kam-\-amb Hsc-gp∂-≈n∏v tIc-f-
°-c-bn¬ Ds≠¶n¬, AXv km£m¬ Ipe-ti-Jc
s]cp-amƒ, Ih-Wn-bp-ap-Sp-Øv, Xe-bn¬ ]® DjvWo-
i-hp-ambn, IWvT-Øn¬ hne-]n-Sn® ac-X-I-am-e-bp-
an v́ hew-I-øn¬ ]≈n-hm-fp-ta¥n AI-ºSn tkhn-
°p∂ iwJvap-J-tØ-°p≈ {io ]fl-\m-̀ -kzm-an-bpsS
Bdm-s -́gp-∂-≈n∏v am{X-ta-bp-≈p.'' AjvSan atlm-
’-h-Øns‚ {]uVn Fs¥-∂-dn-bp-hm≥ Cu
{]kvXmhw am{Xw-a-Xn. tIc-f-°-c-bn¬ ]t≠
]pIƒs]-‰-XmWo AjvS-an F-∂-Xn\v thsdbpw
kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-Iƒ e`y-am-Wv. AXn¬ FSp-Øp-]-d-
tb-≠h ta¬∏-Øq-cns‚bpw, kzmXn-Xn-cp-\mƒ alm-
cm-Pm-hns‚bpw, \Sp-hØv A—≥ \ºq-Xn-cn-bpsS
bpw, ssh°Øv ]m®p-aq-Ø-Xn-s‚bpw IrXn-I-fm-Wv.
ssh°Øv c≠v X{¥nbpw c≠v AjvS-
anbpw D≠v. ta°m´v C√-Øns‚ Ah-Imiw `{Z-
Im-fn- a-‰-∏-≈n-°p-IqSn hoXn-t°-≠n-h-∂-Xns‚
]n∂n¬ D’-h-_-en-bp-ambn _‘-s∏´ IY-bp-≠v.
hnkvXm-c-`b-Øm¬ ChnsS tN¿°p-∂n-√. hr›n-
I-Ønse IrjvWm-jvS-anbpw Ipw -̀Ønse IrjvWm-
jvS-an-bp-amWv ssh°-Ø-jvS-an-bmbn sIm≠m-Sp-∂-
Xv. AXn¬ sImSn-tb-t‰msS D’-h-Øns‚ F√m
NS-ßp-I-tfm-Spw-IqSn \S-Øp-∂Xv hr›n-I-Ønse
AjvS-an-bm-Wv. ta°m´v Xncp-ta-\nbpw ̀ {Z-Imfn a‰-
∏≈n Xncp-ta-\nbpw H∂n-S-hn´ h¿jw sImSn-tb‰v
\S-Øp-∂p. sImSn, sImSn-a-c-Øns‚ hS-°p-h-
iØpw sX°p-h-iØpw amdn-amdn hcpw. Hmtcm
AjvS-an°pw sImSn-I-bdn ]{¥≠mw D’-h-am-Wv,
AjvS-an. ]Xn-aq∂mw Znhkw Bdm-́ v. AjvS-an-bpsS
{]mcw-`-®-S-ßp-Iƒ GXm≠v \m¬∏Xv Znhkw
ap≥]p-Xs∂ Xpem-Øn¬ "k‘y-the'tbmsS
tchXn \mfn¬ XpS-ßp-∂p. apJ-k-‘y-th-e, ]p≈n
k‘yth-e, s]cp-º-S∏v k‘yth-e, kaq-l-k-
‘y-the F∂n-ßs\ \mep-hn-`mKw Bbn-´mWv
\S-∂p-h-cp-∂-Xv. G‰p-am-\q¿, sX°pw-Iq¿, Aº-e-
∏p-g, Xncp-h√ \mSp-hm-gn-I-fpsS hI-bm-bn-cp∂p apJ-
k-‘y-th-e. Ic-∏pdw (tN¿Øe Dƒs∏-Sp∂
{]tZiw) sIm®n Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn\v hn´p-sIm-Sp-Ø-
t∏mƒ am¿Øm-WvU-h¿a alm-cm-Pmhv XpS-ßn-h-
- 71 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
®-Xm-Wt{X ]p≈n k‘y-th-e. (A-h-Im-in-Iƒ
C√msX ac-W-s∏´ ]´m-f-°m¿°v k¿°m¿ sImSp-
t°-≠-Xmb ]Ww D]-tbm-Kn®p Cu hgn-]m-Sv
G¿∏m-Sm°n.)
s]cp-º-S∏v aq∏o∂v D∏p-sXm´v I¿∏q-cw-hsc
F√mw sIm®n-bn¬\n∂pw sIm≠p-h∂v t£{X-
Øns‚ Cuim-\-tIm-Wn¬ {]tXyIw Ipgn-∏n®
InW-‰n¬\n∂pw sh≈saSpØv \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂-
XmWv s]cp-º-S∏v k‘yth-e. (InW¿ C∂p-ap-
≠v.) ssh°w kaq-lw, sXep¶v kaq-lw, hS-bm¿
kaqlw, Bcy kaqlw F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈
{_m“W kaq-l-ß-fp-sSbpw, Xan-gv hniz-I¿a kaq-
l-Øn-s‚bpw B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ \S-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂-
XmWv kaql k‘y-th-e-Iƒ. cmhnse B\-∏p-
dØv iothen ({io`q-X-_en), ssh°-Ø-∏\v
{]tXyI ]qPm-`n-tj-Im-Zn-Iƒ, aWvU-]-Øn¬
thtZm-®m-c-Ww, kZy, cm{Xn-hn-f-°v, Zo]m-cm-[-\°v
_en-°¬ ]pc-bn¬ H‰-∏Ww sh°¬. (Nne
k‘y-th-e-Iƒ°p-am-{Xw) F∂n-h-bmWv apJy-N-
S-ßp-Iƒ. ap≥ Ime-ß-fn¬ hS-bm¿ kaq-l-Øns‚
(Ah-km\ k‘y-the hS-bm¿ kaql k‘y-
thebmWv) k‘y-th-ebv°v Hcp cY-ap-≠m°n
k‘ybv°v hnf-°p-h-bv°p∂ NSßv D≠m-bn-cp-
∂-Xmbn tI´p-tIƒhn-bp-≠v.
hr›n-I-am-k-Ønse IrjvWmjvSan ]{¥-
≠m-ap-’hw hc-Ø-°-hn[w sImSn-I-b-dpw. sImSn-
°-b¿ Hmtcm h¿jhpw ka¿∏n-°p-hm\p≈ Ah-
Imiw D‰m-t»cn IpSpw-_-°m¿°m-Wv.
sImSn-tb-‰n\p Xte∂v cmhnse Hcp B\-
∏p-dØv sImSn-tb‰v Adn-bn-°p-I F∂ NS-ßp-≠v.
B\sb Ipfn-∏n®v s\‰n-∏´w sI´msX, ̀ kva-°pdn
sXmSp-hn-®v, \√ Hcp aWn-sI-´n, t£{X-Ønse
aqkXv (aqØXv) Hme-°-pSbpw NqSn sImSn-tb‰v
Adn-bn-°p-hm≥ ]pd-s∏-Spw. ap≥Im-e-ß-fn¬ s]cp-
ºn-≈n-bm-g-Øp-a-\-bnepw C≠≥Xp-cpØn a\-bn-ep-
amWv t]mbn-cp-∂-Xv. a‰p hm¿Øm-am-[y-a-ß-sfm∂pw
C√m-Xn-cp∂ ImeØv Cu NSßv \m´p-Imsc apgp-
h≥ \msf sImSn-tb-‰mWv F∂v Hm¿as∏-Sp-Øp-
hm\pw D]-I-cn-®n-cp-∂p. Aºew Ae-¶-cn-°p-∂-
Xn-\p≈ Ipe-hmg \mb¿Ic-tbm-K-°mcmWv FØn-
°p-∂-Xv. sImSn-tb-‰n\v Xte∂v hfsc BtLm-j-
am-bn-́ mWv Cu Ipe-hm-g-∏p-d-∏m-Sv.
sImSn-tb‰v km[m-cW cmhn-se-bmWv ]Xn-
hv. X{¥n-am¿ ap≥]v kqNn-∏n-®-Xp-t]mse amdn-amdn
hcpw. ssh°sØ im¥n-°m¿ ]mc-º-cy-am-Wv.
hS°v IS-Ø-\m-´p -≈ (hS-Ic) XcWn C√-
°m¿°mWv Ah-Im-iw. Ct∏mƒ ta¬im¥n
{_“{io Un.-\m-cm-b-W≥ \ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSv BWv.
kwKo-X-˛-km-ln-Xym-Zn-I-fn¬ {]tXyI Xm¬∏-cy-
ap-≈-h-cmWo C√-°m¿. AjvS-]Zn It®-cn-bn¬
t]sc-SpØ ssh°w i¶-c≥\ºq-Xn-cnbpw {io
ssh°-Ø-∏≥ "kp{]-`mXw' cNn® ta¬im¥n
{_“{io Sn.-F≥.-Zm-tam-Z-c≥ \ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSpw CXv
A\z¿∞-am-°p-∂p. ({io ssh°-Ø-∏≥ kp{]-
- 73 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
`mXw Km\-K-‘¿h≥ tbip-Zmkv Be-]n®v Xcw-
KnWn ]pd-Øn-d-°n-b-Xm-Wv.)
D’-h-Øns‚ BZy- c≠pZnhkw Al v
\mb¿ Ic-tbm-K-Øn-s‚bpw aq∂mw-Zn-hkw Fkv-
F≥Un-]n-bp-sSbpw hI-bm-Wv. a‰p Znh-k-ß-fn¬
Xme-s∏m-enbpw ]Xn-hm-bn´p-≠v. D’-h-Im-eØv
F√m Znh-khpw B\-∏p-dØv cmhnse {io`qX-
_en (io-th-en) sshIn´v ImgvNioth-en, cm{Xn-
hn-f-°v, sImSn-tb‰v apX¬ Fgp-∂-≈-Øn-s‚bpw
(B\-I-fpsS FÆw XpS-ßn-bh) Iem-]-cn-]m-Sn-
I-fpsSbpw \ne-hmcw {ItaW IqSn-°qSn F´map-
’-h-tØmsS D’hw sImgp-°pw. Fgp-∂-≈-Øn\v
\mK-kz-c-amWv {][m-\w. ]Xn-s\m∂mw D’hw
apX¬ sX∂n¥ybnse H∂mw-InS \mK-kz-c-°m-
cn¬ Hcm-fm-bn-cn°pw hmbn-°p-I. -A-jvS-an-bpsS
A∂v cmhnse kvs]jy¬ XIn-tem-Sp-IqSn \mK-
kz-c-°-t®cn D≠m-Ipw.
]©-hmZyw c≠p-Zn-h-kta ap≥]v ]Xn-hp-≈p,
Ggmw D’-h-Øn\pw ]Ømw D’-h-Øn\pw.
Ct∏mƒ F´m-ap-’hw ImgvN-io-th-en-°mWv taP¿
]©-hmZyw. ssh°Øv t£{X Iem-]oTw ÿm]n-
®-tXmsS H≥]-Xm-ap-’-h-Øn\v ImgvN-io-th-en°v
]©mcn-ta-fhpw ]Xn-hm-bn-´p-≠v.
ssh°Øn\v hS-°p-amdn
GXm≠v c≠v Intem-ao-‰¿ Zqsc-
bmbn DZ-b-\m-]pcw t£{Xw
ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂p. {io kp{_-“-
Wy-\mWv ChnsS {]Xn-jvT. ]nXr-
]p{X _‘-Øns‚ i‡n-bm¬
ssh°w, DZ-b-\m-]pcw t£{X-
߃ XΩn¬ hfsc _‘-s∏-´n-
cn-°p-∂p. DZ-b-\m-]p-csØ D’-
hhpw hr›n -I -Øn¬Ø-s∂.
Xr°m¿ØnI sIm≠mSn ASp-Ø-
Zn-hkw Bdm-´v ssh°-ØmWv
Bdm-´v Aº-e-Øn\v Ing°v Hcp
Intem-ao-‰¿ Zqsc Bdm-´p-Ip-f-
Øn¬. AXp-t]mse ssh°-Ø-∏s‚ Bdm-´v, DZ-
b-\m-]p-c-Øp≈ Bdm-´p-Ip-f-Øn¬. an°-hmdpw
h¿j-ß-fn¬ DZ-b-\m -]p -c -Ø-∏s‚ Bdm´v ,
ssh°Øv D’-h-Øn-\nSbvt° hcq. \mev, A©v,
Bdv CXn-te-sX-¶nepw Hcp Znhkw hcpw. Bdm-
´n\v hcp∂ DZ-b-\m-]p-c-Ø-∏s\ hSt° tKm]p-c-
Øn¬s®∂v A£-X-an´v kzoI-cn®v Bdm-´n-\m-bn´v
Ingt° tKm]pcw IS-Øn-hn-Spw. Bdm´v Ign-™p-
h-cp∂ DZ-b-\m-]p-c-Ø-∏s\ {iotIm-hn-en-\-I-Øp-
I-b‰n ]qPn-°p-∂p, CXmWv "IqSn-∏qP'. (Cu kabw
aIs\ aSn-bn¬ Ccp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂m-Wv
k¶¬∏w.) Hcp tZhs\ as‰mcp tZhs‚ {iotIm-
hn-en¬ Ib‰n ]qPn-°p∂ A]q¿h-X-bmWv ssh°-
sØbpw DZ-b-\m-]p-c-sØbpw IqSn-∏q-P-I-fpsS
amlm-flyw. aWvU-]-Øn¬h®pw ]qP-bp-≠v. B
ka-bØv Z¿i-\hpw Ip´n-Iƒ°v tNmdp-sIm-Sp-°¬
apX-emb I¿a-ßfpw hfsc hnti-j-am-Wv.
AIsØ IqSn-∏qP Ign-™m¬ IqSn-∏qP hnf°v.
`K-hms‚ Xncp\mfmb Xncp-hm-Xnc\mfn¬
F√m-am-khpw Ej` hml-\-Øn¬ (sh≈n-°m-f-
∏p-d-Øv) BWv AØmgiothen Fgp-∂-≈-Øv.
(IqSmsX AjvSan XnYn°pw Xn¶-fm-gvN-bpw). D’-
h-Im-esØ Ggmw -D-’hw an°-hmdpw Xncp-hm-
- 75 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
Xnc Bbn v́ hcpw. AXp-sIm≠v cm{Xn-hn-f-°v, Ej -̀
hm-l-\-sa-gp-∂-≈-Øm-bn-́ mWv. AXn\v km[m-cW
FSp-°p∂ Imf-sb-°mƒ henb Hcp sh≈n-°m-
f-bp≠v. ssh°-Øp- _nw_w shfn-bn¬ Fgp-∂-
≈n-°p-tºmƒ XnS-tº-‰p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Ah-Imiw
aqØ-Xn-\m-Wv. c≠n-√-°m-cmWv ssh°-Øp≈
aqkXpam¿. Ej-̀ -hm-l\w X≠n-te-‰p-hm≥ tIcf-
Ønse H´p-an° IpSpw-_-°mcpw FØpw. A{X
Bfp-Iƒ thWw Xm\pw. sh≈n-°m-f-∏p-dØv B
sh≈-°p-∂n-eo-is\ Ae-¶-cn-®n-cpØnbncn-°p∂
ImgvN ImtW-≠-Xp-X-s∂. Ccp-]p-dhpw s\‰n-∏´w
sI´nb KP-ho-c-∑mcpw Xosh-́ n-{]-̀ -bn¬Øn-f-ßp∂
X¶-Øn-Sºpw s\‰n-∏-´hpw hr›n-I-∏q-\n-em-hn¬,
Im¿ØnI°pfn-cn¬ kwKo-X-km-{μ-amb Znhym-¥-
co-£-Øn¬ B \b-\m`n-cm-a-amb ImgvN H∂p-I-
≠m¬ Bcpw Pohn-X-Øn¬ ad-°n-√.
F´mw D’-h-Øn\pw H≥]Xmw D’-h-
Øn\pw cm{Xn hnf-°n-√. AXn-cm-hnse Fgp-∂-
≈n®v sX°pwtNcn-ta¬°pw hS-°pw-tN-cn-ta¬°pw
`K-hm≥ bm{X-bm-Ipw. Xncn-®p-h-cp-hm≥ D®-bm-Ip-
∂-Xp-sIm≠v H≥]Xmw D’hØn\v cmhnse
iothen C√. ]t£ ]Ømw-Zn-hkw -io-th-en-bp-
≠v. A∂v t\csØXs∂ Xncn-s®-Øpw. hnf-°n-
√mØ F´pw H≥]Xpw D’-h-Øn-\mWv taP¿sk‰v
IY-I-fn. (Bdpw Ggpw D’-h-Øn\v hnf-°n\v
tijw sNdnb Ifn ap≥]v ]Xn-hp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.)
]Ømw D’-h-Øn\pw ]Xn-s\m∂mw D’-h-
Øn\pw ioth-enbpw ImgvN-io-th-enbpw hnf°pw
hfsc hnkvX-cn®pw hn]p-e-ambpw BWv \S-Øp-∂-
Xv. ]Ømw-D-’hw hnf-°n\v hen-b-hn-f-s°∂pw ]d-
bm-dp-≠v. ]Xn-s\m∂mw D’hw ImgvN-io-th-enbpw
(hnf-°p-h-bvt∏m-Sp-IqSn) BI¿j-I-am-Im-dp-≠v.
\mepw A©pw F´pw ]Xn-s\m∂pw D’-h-
Øn-\mWv D’-h-_-en. hfsc Nn -́tbmsS \S-°p∂
H∂mWv Chn-SsØ D’-h-_-en. AXp sXmgp-
hm\pw \√ `‡-P-\-Øn-c°v D≠m-Im-dp-≠v. Iem-
]-cn-]m-Sn-sb-°p-dn®v ]d-™m¬ I¿Wm-SI kwKo-
X-Øn-\mWv ap≥Xq-°w. hmbv∏m-́ m-bn´pw \mK-kzcw
XpS-ßnb hmZy-kw-Ko-X-ambpw sNdpXpw hep-Xp-
amb A≥]-Xn -tesd It®-cn - \S-°p-∂p≠v.
ssh°Øv aXn-e-IØv ]mSmØ kwKo-X-⁄¿
Cs√-∂p-Xs∂ ]d-bmw. sNssº sshZy-\mY ̀ mK-
- 77 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
h-X¿ F´v hb- vap-X¬ acn-°p-∂-Xp-hsc F√m
h¿jhpw apS-ßmsX AjvS-an°v ]mSn-bn-´p-s≠-
∂mWv tI´n-´p-≈-Xv. IY-I-fnbpw a‰v ¢mkn-°¬
\rØ-ßfpw ]Xn-hp-≠v. Npcp-°-ambn lcn-I-Y-Ifpw
]Xn-hp-≠v. Hm´≥Xp-≈epw ]mT-Ihpw D®-I-gnt™
D≠m-Im-dp-≈p. (ap≥]v AIØv hmXn¬amS-Øn¬
NmIym¿Iq-Øpw (a-Ø-hn-emkw {]_-‘w) ]Xn-
hp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. hfsc henb Hcp angmhv (km[m-
cW ImWp-∂-Xnepw hen-∏-Øn-ep≈ H∂v)
AhnsS h®n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbpw Hm¿a-bp-≠v.
]{¥≠mw D’-h-amWv AjvSan F∂v ]d-
™p-h-t√m. {io kp{_-“-Wy≥ (DZ-b-\m-]p-c-Ø-
∏≥) Xmc-Im-kp-cs\ h[n®Xv AjvSan Znh-k-am-
Wv. A∂v ]p{Xs‚ hnP-b-Øn\v {hXw t\m‰n-cn-
°p-I-bmWv ssh°-Ø-∏≥. AXp-sIm-≠mWv
AIØv At∂-Zn-hkw Hcp ae¿t\Zyw
Hgn®v a‰p-t\Zyw H∂pw C√. ]t£
`‡¿°v A∂-Zm\w apd-t]mse D≠vXm-
\pw. ]≠v aq∂q-‰n-b-dp-]-Øn-b©v ]d Acn
h®n -cp∂p F∂mWv IW-°v. A∂v
`‡¿s°-√m-h¿°pw tNmdv In´n-bn-cn-
°Ww F∂-XmWv k¶¬∏w. C∂v Du´p-
]p-c-bn¬ IqSm-sX, F√m kaqlaT-ß-
fnepw a‰p lmfp -I -fnepsa√mw
At∂Znhkw A∂-Zm\w D≠v. Xnc-°p-
sIm≠v A¬∏w sshIn-bmepw F√m-
h¿°pw DuWv In´pw.
AjvSan Znh-k-Øn\v as‰mcp al-
Xzw-Iq-Sn-bp-≠v. At∂ ZnhkwXs∂bmWv
hym{L-]mZ al¿jn°v ssh°-Ø-∏≥
Z¿i\w sImSp-Ø-Xv. ssh°w t£{X-
Øns‚ Ingt° tKm]p-c-Øn-\-Sp-Øp≈
Cu ÿew C∂pw ]cn -]m-h-\-ambn
ImØp-h-cp-∂p. cmhnse \mepa-Wn°v \S-
Xp-d-∂m¬ apX¬ AjvSanZnhkw ssh°-
Ø-∏s‚ Z¿i-\-]p-Wyw-t\-Sp∂ `‡-P-\-
߃°v IW-°n-√.
AjvSanZnhkw cmhnse \me-º-e-
Øn-\-IØpXs∂ ]pd-hn-f-°n-\-Sp-Øn-cp∂v kwKo-
X-⁄-cpsS kwKo-Xm¿®\ Ign™ ap∏-tXmfw
h¿j-ßfmbn ]Xn-hp-≠v. A∂v cmhnse iothen
C√. cm{Xn \S-°p∂ AjvSanhnf°v bYm¿∞-
Øn¬ cmhnse \S-t°≠ ioth-en-bm-Wv. H≥]Xv
aWn-ap-X¬ ]pdØv "inh-a-WvU-]-Øn¬' \mK-kz-
c-°-t®cn D≠m-Ipw. AjvSanhnf-°n\v £Wn-®n-
´p≈ \mK-kz-c-hn-Zzm-t‚-XmIpw B It®-cn. A∂v
Zo]m-cm-[-\bv°v e£-Zo-]hpw shSn-s°´pw ]Xn-
hm-bn-´p-≠v. AjvSanhnf-°mWv Chn-SsØ ]qcw.
(hr›n-I-Ønse ]qcw \£-{X-Øns‚ ASp-Øp-X-
s∂-bmWv AjvSan F∂Xv bmZr-›nIw) Xmc-Im-
kp-cs\ h[n®v hnPb{ioem-fn-X-\m-bp≈ DZ-b-\m-
]p-c-Ø-∏s‚ hc-hmWv AjvS-an-bnse Hcp apJy
BI¿j-Ww. a‰p tZho-tZ-h-∑mcpw IqsS Fgp-∂-
- 79 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
≈n-s®-Øpw. Iq´p-tΩ¬ ̀ K-h-Xn, aqtØ-SØv Imhn-
e-Ω, ]pg-hm-bn¬Ipf-ßc alm-hn-jvWp, C≠w-Xp-
cpØn ̀ K-h-Xn, Ing-°≥Im-hn-e-Ω, Xncp-aWn th¶n-
S-]p-c-Ø-∏≥ ({iocm-a≥), {io\m-cm-b-W-]p-c-Ø-∏≥,
Cu tZho-tZ-h-∑mcpw IqsS-bp-≠m-Ipw. (ap≥ Ime-
ß-fn¬ apcn-b-¶p-fØv imkvXmhpw Aø¿Ipf-ßc
`K-h-Xnbpw AjvS-an°v IqSn-bn-cp-∂-Xmbn tI´n-́ p-
≠v.) hS-t° \S-bn¬h®v P\-߃ \¬Ip∂ kzoI-
c-W-amWv DZ-b-\m-]p-c-Ø-∏s‚ hchv. Xmc-Im-kp-
cs\ Pbn-®p-h-cp∂ {io Ip-am-cs\ tZh, K‘¿h,
b£, In∂c, a\p-Pm-Xn-Iƒ l¿jm-c-h-tØmsS
FXn-tc-‰-Xns‚ Hm¿a-]p-Xp-°-emWo kzoI-c-Ww.
Zo]m-ew-Ir-X-amb Iam-\-Øns‚ \Sp-hn¬ DZ-b-\m-
]p-c-Ø-∏s‚ \me-Sn-bn¬ IqSp-X¬ Dbcw hcp∂
X¶-Øn-Sºv (hS-°≥ Zn°p-I-fn¬ ImWp∂ tIme-
Øn¬\n∂pw hyXy-kvX-amWv ssh°w apX¬
sXt°m-´p-≈-h.) {Xnam-\-am-bn´v in¬]-Nm-Xp-cy-
tØmsS Xo¿Øn-́ p-≈-Xm-Wv. X¶-s\-‰n-∏´w sI´nb
Xe-sb-Sp-∏p≈ Hcp KP-ho-cs‚ apI-fn¬ A∏p-dhpw
C∏p-dhpw ap≥]-d™ tZho-tZ-h-∑m-cpsS XnS-ºp-I-
sf-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠p≈ Xe-sb-Sp-∏p≈ B\-Iƒ. apØp-
°p-S-Ifpw Be-h-´hpw sh©m-a-c-hp-sam∂pw
t]mcm™v c≠v cXv\
JNn-X-amb kz¿W-
°p-S-I-fpsS AI-º-Sn-
bn¬, Xosh-́ n-I-fpsS
{]Im-i-Øn¬ sh´n-
Øn-f-ßp∂ I\-I-{]-̀ .
(Xosh´n-I-fpsS cq]-
Øn\pw Cu tZiØv
am‰-ap-≠v.) hnf°pw
I¿∏q -c -hpwsIm≠v
t{]m÷z-e-amb cmP-
hoYn (ap≥]v Xncp-hn-
Xmw-Iq¿ alm-cm-Pmhv
ssh°-sØ-gp-∂-≈p-
tºmƒ Xma-kn-°m-
dp≈ hSt° sIm´m-c-
Øns‚ ap∂n-emWv
Cu hc-th¸v).
AjvS-an-N-{μ≥ DZn-°p∂ A¿≤-cm{Xn ka-
bw, L\-Kw-̀ o-c-amb j¨ap-J-{]nb cmK-Øn¬ "ic-
hW `h' F∂ Io¿Ø\w Xhn-ens‚ eb-`w-Kn-
bn-e-en™v, \mK-kz-c-Øn¬ Hgp-Ipw. ImgvN-°m-cs\
A`u-a-amb temI-tØ°v Iq´n-s°m-≠p-t]m-Ip∂
Hc-]q¿h Zriy-̨ -{im-hym-\p`hw. B hc-th¬∏v Ign-
™m¬, A—s‚bSp-tØ°v \oßp-I-bm-bn. aIs\
{]Xo-£n®v Ingt° B\-s°m-´n-en¬ \n¬°p-I-
bmWv ssh°-Ø-∏≥. (ho-°≥ sN≠bpw Ht∂m
ct≠m Xosh-´n-bp-ambn \n¬°p∂ AhnsS Hcp
DXvIWvTm-Ip-e-X-bpsS A¥-co£w D≠m-Ipw.)
hnP-b-{io-em-fn-X-\mb ]p{X≥ FØn-b-
tXmsS s]s´∂v a´p-am-dpw. BÀm-Z-Øns‚ Xnc-b-
Sn-°p∂ Hcp kam-K-aw, apJy-ÿm\w aI\v sImSp-
Øn´v A—≥ Hcp hi-tØ°v amdpw. (A-jvS-an°v
ssh°-Ø-∏-s‚bpw DZ-b-\m-]p-c-Ø-∏-s‚bpw Htc-
t]mse henb XnS-ºmWv Fgp-∂-≈n-°p-I. Htc-
t]mse Db-c-ap≈ B\-bpw.) Cßs\ ssh°-Ø-
∏\pw DZ-b-\m-]p-c-Ø-∏\pw hncm-Pn-°p-tºmƒ a‰v
Ggv tZho-tZ-h-∑m¿ Ccp-h-i-Øp-ambn \ne-bp-d-∏n-
°pw. \mK-kz-c-tafw sImgp-°pw. ]n∂oSv henb
- 81 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
ImWn° ka¿∏n-°m≥ ssh°-Ø-ºew Ccp∂
ÿew Zm\w sNbvX Idp-I-bn¬ ssIaƒ Hcp
]√-°n¬ hcpw, Zm\w sImSpØ `qan-bn¬ Imev
IpØmsX Hcp ]´v hncn®v AXn¬ ImWn-°-b¿∏n-
°pw. ]n∂oSv `‡-P-\-Øn-c-°m-bn, ImWn-°-
bnSphm≥. AXn-\p-tijw sshIn v́ shSn-s° v́ Ign-
™m¬ DZ-b-\m-]p-c-Ø-∏≥ bm{X-tNm-Zn-°p-I-
bmbn. Ingt° \S-bn¬h®pw hS-t°-\-S-bn¬h®pw
D≠v Cu bm{X-]n-cn-b¬. B\ A`n-ap-J-ambn \n∂v
Xpºnss° s]m°n-bp≈ bm{X-tNm-Zn-°¬ IuXp-
I-ap≈ ImgvN-bm-Wv.
DZ-b-\m-]p-c-Ø-∏≥ bm{X-bm-bm¬∏ns∂
aμw-a-μ-amWv hSt° \S-ap-X¬ Ing-°p-h-iw-h∂v
Cd°n Fgp-∂-≈n-°p∂Xphsc D≈ hc-hv, aIs\
]ncn-™-Xn-ep≈ ZpxJw. ChnsS ssh°w ktlm-
Z-c-∑m¿ F∂v t]sc-SpØ tKm]m-e-IrjvW ]Wn-
°cpw cm[m-IrjvW ]Wn-°cpw tN¿∂v ZpxJ-J-
WvUmcw cmK-Øn¬ \mK-kzcw hmbn-°pw. (\-f-
N-cnXw H∂mw-Zn-hkw IY-I-fnbn¬ Cu cmK-ap-
≠v, lwk-Øns‚ ]Zw). AhnsS IqSn-bn-´p≈ P\-
ß-fpsS IÆp-Iƒ AdnbmsX Cud-\-Wn-™p-t]m-
Ipw, ssh°-Ø-∏s‚ ]p{X-hm-’-eym-Xn-tc-Iw- I≠v.
(C-t∏mƒ {io cm[m-Ir-jvW-∏-Wn-°¿am-{X-ta-bp-
≈p, tPyjvT≥ Ipd-®p-Im-ew-ap≥]v A¥-cn-®p).
Aßs\ Hcp \mS-I-Øns‚ khn-tij kuμ-
cyhpwIqSn Cgp-In-t®¿∂-XmWv AjvS-an-bpsS NS-
ßp-Iƒ. \sΩ ]nXr-]p-{X_‘Øns‚ Bgw
t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm\pw A—\pw aI-\pw-X-Ωn¬
Fßs\ s]cp-am-d-W-sa∂v ImWn-®p-X-cp-hm\pw
th≠nbn´p-Iq-Sn -bmWv PK-Xv]n-Xm-hmb {io
ssh°-Ø-∏≥ Cßs\-sbmcp \mS-I-am-Sp-∂-sX∂v
tXm∂n-t∏m-Ipw AjvS-an-bpsS NS-ßp-I-fpsS
A¥-kØ Btem-Nn-°p-tºmƒ.
A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬ bmsXmcp hn`m-Ko-b-X-
bp-an-√msX F√m ssh°-Øp-Imcpw HsØm-cp-a-
tbmsS sIm≠m-Sp∂ D’-h-amWv AjvSan.
F√m-h¿°pw ImWp-hm\pw ]s¶-Sp-°p-hm\pw ]mI-
Øn-emWv CXv kwhn-[m\w sNbvXn-´p-≈-Xv.
ssh°sØ Hmtcm ho´nepw D’-h-am-W-∂v.
AjvSan-tbm-S-\p-_-‘n®v hSt° \S-bnepw ]Sn-
™mtd \S-bnepw \S-°p∂ hmWn-̀ hpw a‰v IuXp-
I-°m-gvN-Ifpw AjvS-an-bpsS am‰v Iq´p-∂p.
]Xn-aq∂mw Znhkw sshIn v́ DZ-b-\m-]p-c-
tØ°v t]mbn Bdm-Sp∂ ssh°-Ø-∏\pw DZ-b-
\m-]p-c-Øv IqSn-∏q-Pbpw hnf-°p-ap-≠v. AtXmsS Hcm-
≠sØ AjvS-an°v Xnc-»oe hoWp. Bdm-́ p-I-gn™v
Xncn-®p-h∂v ap°pSn \nth-Zy-hp-ap-≠v. ̀ K-hm\v D’-
h-Øns‚ Ae-®n-en¬ AkpJw hcm-Xn-cn-°m-\m-
W-t{X, Huj-[-°q-́ mb ap°p-Sn.- I-em-Im-c-∑m-cpsS
\mSmWv ssh°w F∂v {]kn-≤-am-Wv. ssh°w
kXym-{K-lw-t]m-ep≈ kmaqly CS-s]-SepIƒ \S-
Øn-bn-́ p≈ ssh°sØ aÆn\v hnπ-h-ho-cy-hp-ap-
≠v. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ IYm-{]-kwKw, \mSIw
t]mep≈ P\-Iob Iem-]m-c-º-cyhpw Cu sNdnb
\K-c-Øn-\p-≠v. Aßs\ P\-Iob Ie-Ifpw ¢mkn-
°¬ Ie-Ifpw Hcp-t]mse Bkz-Zn-°m≥ {]m]vX-
cmWv icm-icn ssh°-Øp-Im¿.
ssZh-hn -izm -kntbm Ahn-izm -kntbm
Bbn-s°m-≈-s´, GsXmcp ssh°Øp-Im-c-s‚bpw
a\- n¬ Iem-˛-kmw-kvIm-cnI ss]Xr-I-Øns‚
apJy-t{km-X- mbn \ne-sIm-≈p∂ {io ssh°-
Ø-∏\pw ssh°-Ø-º-e-Øn\pw F∂pw am\y
ÿm\-ap-≠v. Hmtcm AjvS-anbpw Ah¿s°√mw
Hcp \hym-\p`-h-am-Wv.
cmP-ti-J¿ ]n. ssh°w : ssh°w kztZin. Ct∏mƒ Fd-Wm-Ipfw sX°≥ Nn‰q-cn¬
ÿncXma-kw. F©n-\o -b-dnwKv _ncp -Z -[m -cnbmb Ct±lw A¿P-Pp\hnjmZhrØw,
tamln-\n-hn-Pbw XpS-ßnb B´-°-Y-I-fpsS cN-bn-Xm-hm-Wv.
- 83 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
G‰p-am-\q¿ {ioa-lm-tZ-h-t£{XwHmw \a:inhm-b, G‰p-am-\q-c∏m icWw
lcn-Wm-e-tbim ImØ-cp-foS-Wta:
kn.-F-kv. {io[-c≥ aqØXv
Hmw _n{`-t±m¿`n-x IpTmcw arK-a-`-b-hcu
kp{]-kt∂m atlix
k¿Δm-e-¶m-c-Zo]vXx kc-kn-P-\n-etbm
hym{L-N¿Ωm-Ø-hmkm:
t[ytbm ap‡m-]-cmKm arX-c-k-I-en-Xm˛
{Zn{]`x ]©-h-{‡˛
{Xy£-tIm-So-c-tImSo LSn-X-Xp-ln-\tcm
NnjvIem XpMvKauen
htμ iw`pw Dam-]Xnw kpc-Kpcpw htμ PK-XvIm-cWw
htμ ]∂-K-̀ q-jWw arK-[cw htμ ]iq-\mw-]Xnw
htμ kqcy-i-im-¶-h-”n-\-b\w htμ apIp-μ-{]nbw
htμ `‡-P-\m-{ibw N hcZw htμ inhw i¶cw
lcn-Wm-e-tbi iin-ti-Jcm lcm
ic-`m-IrtX \c-l-co{μ `RvP\
hc-Zm-`-b-߃ agp-am-\p-ta-¥nSpw
Icp-Wm-Ic hnt`m ImØ-cp-tf-W-ta.
tIc-f-Ønse am{X-a√ `mc-X-ØnseXs∂
inh-t£-{X-ß-fn-¬ {io]-c-ta-iz-cs‚ ]q¿Æ
km∂n-≤y-ap≈ {]kn-≤-amb Hcp ]pWy-a-lm-t£-
{X-amWv G‰p-am-\q¿ alm-tZ-h-t£-{Xw. Xncp-hn-Xmw-
Iq¿ tZhkzw t_m¿Uv `cW-Øn-ep≈ t£{X-
ß-fn¬ G‰hpw {][m-\-s∏-´Xpw tIƒhntI´Xpw
Bb t£{X-am-Wv G‰p-am-\q¿ alm-tZ-h-t£-{Xw.
G‰p-am-\q¿t£{Xamlmflyw ]q¿ΔnI {KŸ-
߃ ]Tn®v sX‰p-Ip-‰-߃ C√m-sX, ChnsS {]Zn-
]m-Xn-°p-hm≥, {ioG-‰p-am-\q-c-∏≥ A\p-{K-ln-°-s´.
]≠v Jc≥ Fs∂mcp `‡≥ ]c-a-in-hs\
[ym\n-®n-cp-∂p. temIØv `qX-߃, thXm-f-߃,
]nim-Np-°ƒ, F√m-Øn\pw t\Xm-hmb A]-
kvamcw F∂n-h¿ a\p-jysc _m[n®v Iog-S°p-hm≥
XpS-ßn. Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bmb `K-hm≥ {io]-c-ta-iz-
c≥ Ej-`m-cp-V-\mbn `qtem-IØv Ggp-∂≈n
Imin, tKmI¿Æw apX-emb ]pWy-t£-{X-ß-fn¬
km∂n≤yw sNbvXv tcmK-_m-[n-X-cm-b-hsc c£n-
®p. Cuhn[w inh-ssN-X-\y-ap≈ [mcmfw t£{X-
߃ D≠m-bn. F∂m¬ KwKmkm∂n-≤y-ap≈
Imin-hn-iz-\m-Y-t£{Xw AXn¬ {][m-\-am-bn.
KwKm-\-Zn-bn¬ kv\m\w sNbvXv hniz-\m-Ys\
Z¿in-°p-∂-tXmsS a\p-jy≥ ip≤o-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.
`K-hm≥ Imin-bn¬ KwKm km∂n-≤y-Øn¬ hkn-
°p-∂Xv tZhn-]m¿Δ-Xn°v CjvS-am-bn-√.
`K-hm≥ {io]-c-ta-iz-c≥ Jcs‚ X]- n¬
G‰p-am-\q-c-∏≥
- 85 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
BIr-jvS-\m-bn Jcs‚ ASpØv FØn. Jc≥ HmSp-
∂n-S-sØ√mw ̀ K-hm≥ {io]-c-ta-iz-c≥ ]pdsI HmSn-
Øp-S-ßn. HSphn¬ Jc≥ HmSn-tbmSn tIc-f-Øn¬
FØn Hcp Im´n¬ Hcp _nw_w {]Xn-jvTn®v `K-
hms‚ ]q¿Æ ssNX-\ysØ Bhm-ln-®p. X∑qew
A∂p apX¬ a‰v t£{X-ß-fn¬ `K-hms‚ Awi
ssNX-\yhpw, ChnsS ]q¿Æ ssNX-\yhpambn
A[n-h-kn-®p. F∂m¬ {io]-c-ta-iz-c≥ ̀ ‡hm’-
eyw-sIm≠pw, C\nbpw HmSn-t∏m-bmtem F∂v
`b∂pw Jcs\ Hcp am\m°n Xr°-øn¬ FSpØv
C∂pw hnSmsX Ccn-°p-∂p. lcn-W-cq-]n-bmb
Jcs‚ ÿnXn imiz-X-am-bn-Xo¿∂ A∂p-ap-X¬
Cu t£{Xw, `K-hm≥ am\ns\ Xr°-øn¬ G‰n-b-
Xp-aq-ew, G‰n-b-am≥]pcw ̨ G‰p-am-\q¿ F∂v {]kn-
≤-am-bn. `K-hms‚ `‡-hm-’-ey-tØbpw ]q¿Æ-
ssN-X-\y-tØbpw tI´-dn™v `‡-P-\-߃
kt¥m-jn-°p-Ibpw ̀ K-hXvkm-∂n≤yw a‰v t£{X-
ß-fn¬ D≈-Xn-t\-°mƒ ChnsS BWv D≈Xv
F∂-dn™v tcmK-]o-Un-Xcpw Ai-c-Wcpw a‰v \nc-
h[n P\-ßfpw CS-X-S-hn-√msX G‰p-am-\q¿ t£{X-
Øn-¬ FØn Z¿i\w \S-Øn-Øp-S-ßn.
F∂m¬ ip≤]©m-£cn aq¿Øn-bmb `K-
hm≥ ChnsS ]m¿Δ-Xo-k-ta-X-\-√. i‡n-tbm-Sp-
IqSn tN¿∂m¬ inh≥ {]`p-hm-Wv. `K-hm≥
imkvXm-hns\ ssIem-k-Øn-te°v ]m¿Δ-Xn-tZ-
hnsb sIm≠p-h-cp-hm≥ Ab-®p. {io[¿Ω-im-
kvXmhv ssIem-k-Øn-seØn AΩsb hμn®v hnh-
c-a-dn-bn-®p. Xs‚ `¿Ømhv Imin-bn¬ KwKm-tZ-hn-
bpsS Iq´p-sI´v \nanØw ZpxJn-X-bm-bn-cp∂
tZhn]m¿Δ-Xn, ̀ K-hm≥ Imin-hm-k-ap-t]-£n®v G‰p-
am-\q¿t]mbn AhnsS ]q¿Æ-ssN-X-\y-tØmsS
\nXy-hm-k-ap-d-∏n®p F∂-dn™v kt¥m-jn-®p. kJn-
bmb cq]-h-Xn-tbbpw, ]p{Xn-bmb {io`{Z-Im-fn-
tbbpwIq´n Imf-∏p-dØv imkvXmhv hgn-Im-́ n-bmbn
G‰p-am-\q¿°v ]pd-s∏-´p. ]m¿ΔXotZhn-bpsS hc-
hns\ {]Xo-£n®v ̀ K-hm≥ {io]-c-ta-iz-c≥ t£{X-
Øns‚ ap≥h-iØv Hcp awK-f-Zo]w sXfn-bn-®p.
(A-Xm-Wv henb hnf-°v, sISm-hn-f°v Fs∂ms°
{]kn-≤-am-b-Xv). ]m¿ΔXotZhn Zo]w-I≠v s\øv
Hgn®v Zo]w sXfn-bn-°p-Ibpw, ajn-sb-SpØv IÆv
Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNbvXp. tZhn \me-º-e-Øn\v
AIØv sN∂v ̀ ¿Øm-hns‚ ASp-Øp-Xs∂ Xs‚
hml-\-tØbpw Ccp-Øn. (A-ßn-s\-bmWv G‰p-
am-\q¿ aWvU-]Øn¬ c≠v Ej`hml-\w): `{Z-
Im-fn-tbmSv hml-\-Øn\v ASp-Øp≈ XqWnepw,
cq]-h-Xn-tbmSv Ingt° XqWnepw (h-S-°p-h-i-Øv)
A[n-h-kn®v c≠p-t]cpw
tcmK -_m -[ n -X - c m -b n -h -
cp∂hsc tcmK-hn -ap -‡-
cm°n kwc-£n-®p-sIm-≈-
W-sa∂pw Acp-fn-sN-bvXp.
{io[¿Ω-im-kvXm-hn-t\mSv
Xs‚ bYm -ÿm-\Øv
temI-c-£m¿∞w Ccp-∂p-
sIm-≈p-hm\pw ]d™v tZhn
]m¿ΔXn, A]-kvamcw
_m[mKrl-ß-fpsS t\Xm-
hmbn Xo¿∂n-cn-°-sIm≠v,
Ahs\ ̀ K-hms‚ Xr°m-e-
Sn°v NphsS tN¿°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. tZhn {io]-c-ta-iz-
c-\n¬ ebn-®p. Aßs\
Jcs‚ {]Xn-jvT-bm¬ ip≤-
]-©m-£-c-aq¿Øn-bmb `K-
hm≥ {io]-c-ta-iz-c≥ i‡n-
- 87 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
b-t∏mƒ I≠-Im-
g vN \c -knw -l-
aq¿Øn lnc-Wy-
I -i n - ] p - h n - s\
t]mse C{μs\
aSn-bn¬ InSØn
Iq¿Øv aq¿Ø
\J-߃sIm≠v
amdvIodn IpS¬
ame FSpØv A -́
l-kn®v Ccn -
°p∂ Ah-ÿ-
bm-Wv. F√m-hcpw
`b-hn-lz-e-cm-bn.
X’-abw {io]-c-
ta -iz -c≥ ic-` -
a q ¿ Ø n - b m b n
{]Xy-£-s∏´v \c-knw-lsØ Nnd-I-Sn-®p-sIm≠v
C{μ-\n¬ \n∂pw \o°n. C{μ\v t_m[w-sXfn-™p.
\c-knw-l-aq¿Øn°v im¥-X-e-`n-®p. c≠p-t]cpw
ic-`-aq¿Øn-bpsS Im¬°¬ho-Wp. F∂m¬ ic-
`-aq¿Øn-bm-Is´ tIm]w-sIm≠v DS-emsI hnd®v
aq∂mw Xr°-Æn¬ XoIØn D{K-cq-]-Øn¬ \n¬°p-
∂p. aq∂p temIhpw H∂n®v Zln-∏n-°p-sa∂v
tXm∂¬. tZh-∑mcpw Akp-c-∑mcpw F¥p-sN-ø-
W-sa-∂-dn-bmsX \nev]m-bn. F∂m¬ {_“¿jn-
Iƒ Zn§-P-ßsf Gev]n®v BImi KwKm-P-ew-sIm-
≠p-h∂v A`n-tjIw XpS-ßn. A`n-tj-I-Pew Xfw-
sI-´n-\n∂v Hcp Nm]-Øns‚ BIr-Xn-bn¬ Bbn-
Øo-cp-Ibpw AXv Nm]-k-c v (hn-√p-Ip-fw, hen-b-
Ip-fw) F∂ t]cn¬ {]kn-≤-am-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
(`‡-∑m¿ Imin-bn¬t]mbn KwKm-kv\m\w
sNtø≠ Bhiyw C√. ChnsS Xs∂ D≠v. A-
hnsS kv\m\w sNøp-∂Xv KwKm-kv\m-\-Øn\v
Xpey-am-Wv. Hcphn-[-Ønepw Ipfw Aip-≤-am-Ip-
hm≥ ]mSp-≈-X-√.)
Cuk-abw tZhn-]m¿ΔXn HmSn-h∂v ic-`-
aq¿Øn-bn¬ sFIyw-{]m-]n-®p. kpap-J-\mb {io]-
c-ta-iz -c≥ ss{Xtem-I-Øn\pw ]qPn-X-\mbn
AhnsS {]Xy-£-s∏-´p. XpS¿∂v `K-hm≥ \c-knw-
l-aq¿Ønsb Acn-In¬ hnfn®v cu{Z-̀ mhw If™v
Gg-c-s∏m-∂m\ Z¿i\w
tbm-Sv-tN¿∂v i‡n-]-©m-£-co-aq¿Øn-bmbn G‰p-
am-\q-cn¬ hnf-ßp-∂p. {]km-Zn-®m¬ kI-e-kn-≤n-
{]-Z-\mb PK-Zo-iz-c≥ kzi-‡n-tbmSv tN¿∂v temI-
Øn\v H´msI {]Xy-£-Zr-iy-\m-bn, £n{]-{]-km-
Zn-bm-bn, kpJ-tk-hy-\mbn Ccp∂v Acp-fp-∂p.
Hcn°¬ GXm\pw Akp-c-∑m¿ _e-hm-∑m-
cm-bn-Xo¿∂v C{μs\ B{I-an®v tXmev]n®v Aa-
cm-h-Xn-bn¬ \n∂pw ]em-b\w sNøn-®p. C{μ≥
ho≠p-hn-Nmcw C√msX \c-knw-l-aq¿Øn a{¥w
sNm√n B`n-Nm-c-hn-[n-{]-Imcw tlmaw \S-Øn.
tlmaw \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cns° tlma-Ip-WvU-Øn¬
\n∂pw \c-knw -l-aq¿Øn D{K-kz -cq -]-\mbn
]pdØph∂p. X\n-s°-Xn-cmbn Bscbpw ImWm-
Ø-Xn-\m¬ C{μs‚ t\sc ASp-Øp. C{μ≥ F¥p-
sN-ø-W-sa-∂-dn-bmsX t]Sn®v HmSn-Øp-S-ßn. CXp-
I≠ \mc-Z≥ C{μ-t\mSv t\sc lcn-Wm-e-b-Øn-
te°v s]mbvs°m-≈p-hm≥ \n¿t±-in-®p. C{μ≥
HmSn-Ø-f¿∂v lcn-Wm-e-b-Øn-seØn aXn-e-IØv
hmbp-tIm-Wn¬ \new-]-Xn-®p. \c-knw-l-aq¿Øn
Xs‚ `bm-\-I-amb K¿÷-\-tØmsS C{μs\
]n≥Xp-S¿∂v lcn-Wm-e-b-Øn-se-Øn. C{μs‚
\ne-hn-fnbpw \c-knw-l-aq¿Øn-bpsS Ae¿®-bpw-
tI´v tZh-∑mcpw Akp-c-∑mcpw a\p-jycpw t]Sn®v
i_vZsØ ]n≥Xp-S¿∂v t£{X-a-Xn-e-IØv FØn-
- 89 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
kuay-\m-bn-Øo-cpI F∂-cp-fn. ""_me-tKm-]me
thj-Øn¬ Chn-sS-Øs∂ Fs‚ Acn-In¬ Xma-
kn-°pI. Fs∂ tkhn-∏m≥ hcp-∂-h¿ F√m-hcpw
Aßn-cn-°p-∂n-SØpw h∂v `Pn-®p-sIm-≈-Ww.
Aßns\ sNbvXn-s√-¶n¬ Ah¿°v bmsXmcp
kn≤nbpw e`n-°p-∂-X-√''. `K-hm≥ {io]c-ta-iz-
cs‚ Bh-iy-{]-Imcw ̀ K-hm≥ {ioIr-jvW≥ _me-
tKm-]m-e-\mbn Ccn-°p-∂ t£{X-amWv IogvXrt°m-
hn¬ AYhm IrjvW≥tIm-hn¬. ""Znh-khpw
sshIp-t∂cw Zo]m-cm-[-\-°vtijw hmZym-tLm-
j-tØmsS Rm≥ Xm¶sf h∂p-I≠psIm≈mw''
F∂v `K-hm≥ Adn-bn-®-{]-Imcw Ct∏mgpw Zo]m-
cm-[\ Ign-™m¬ Hcp sh≈nhSn hmZy-tLm-j-
tØmsS IrjvW≥tImhn-en-te°v Fgp-∂-≈n-°p-
∂p. BbXv Xncp-G-‰p-am-\q-c-∏s‚ Fgp-∂p-≈Øv
BsW∂v a\- n-em°n, IqsS-s®∂v IrjvW≥
tImhn-en-sebpw Zo]m-cm-[\ sXmgpXv Ah-tcm-
sSm∏w {]Z-£nWw hbv°p-∂-Xns‚ ^ew \√-
Xp-X-s∂.
Cßns\ Jc-\m¬ {]Xn-jvTn-°-s∏´ ̀ K-hm≥
{io]-c-ta-iz-c≥ ip≤-]-©m-£-c-aq¿-Øn-bmbpw,
]m¿Δ-Xn-bn¬ ebn®v i‡n-]-©m-£-cn-aq¿Øn-
bmbpw ic-`-aq¿Øn-bmbpw aq∂v k¶-ev]-Øn¬
G‰p-am-\q-cn¬ £n{]-{]-
km-Zn-bmbn Ccp-∂-cp-fp-
∂p. CXn¬ ic-`-aq¿Øn
AYhm AtLm-c -
aq¿Øntkh hfsc
kq£n®v Xs∂ th-≠-
Xm-Wv. AXv G‰hpw
i‡n \nd-™-Xm-Wv.
Cßns\ aq¿Øn-t`-Z-ß-
f-dn™v tkhn-°p-∂-
h¿°v kI-e-hn[ A\p-
{Klhpw e`n-°p-∂p.
`K-hm≥ {io]-c-ta-
iz-cs‚ ]q¿Æ-km-∂n-
≤y -ap≈ G‰p -am -\q¿
t£{X-Øn¬ cm{Xn -
bpsS A¥y-bm-a-Øn¬,
(Gg-c-sh-fp-∏n\v) Nm]-k-
c- n¬ kv\m\w sNbvXv,
k¿Δmw-K-`-kva-Ip-dn-bn´v, ]©m-£-c-a{¥w P]n®v,
bYm-i‡n FÆ henb hnf-°n¬ Hgn®v sXmgpXv,
ajn FSpØv IsÆ-gpXn, \me-º-e-Øn¬ {]th-
in®v, aWvU-]-Øn¬ A[n-h-kn-°p∂ c≠v hrj-
-̀tØbpw hμn®v, ̀ {Z-Imfn, imkvXm-hv, b£n apX-
emb tZho-tZ-h-∑msc hμn®v, tkm]m-\-Øn-¶¬
FØn, \S-Xp-d-°p-tºmƒ \n¿am-ey-Z¿i\w \S-Øp-
I. Aßns\ \n¿am-ey-Z¿i-\-tØmsS \ap°v P∑-
km-^eyw e`n-°p-∂p. XpS¿∂v A`n-tj-Iw, Ae-
¶mcw Ch sXmgpXv, sXs°-\-S-bn¬ Z£n-Wm-
aq¿Øn-tbbpw KW-]-Xn-tbbpw sXmgpXv, {]Z-£n-
W-ambn {io]m¿Δ-Xn-tbbpw Hmhp-¶epw hμn®v
XncnsI h∂v \S-bn¬ sXmgpXv, Xo¿∞hpw {]km-
Zhpw hmßn, ]pdØv IS∂v {]Z-£nWw hbv°p-
I. sX°v `mKØv B¬{]-Z-£nWw h®v IogvXr-
t°m-hnepw sXmgpXp {]Z-£nWw XpS-cp-I. Cu
hn[w 41 Znhkw \n¿Ωm-ey-Z¿i\w km[n-®m¬
`K-hms‚ A\p-{K-l-Øn\v tlXp-hm-bn-Øo-cpw.
X߃ `Pn-°p∂ Znhkw F¶nepw \n¿am-ey-
Z¿i\w apS-ßmsX sNtø≠Xv {][m\ I¿Ø-
hy-am-Wv.
G‰p-am-\q¿ t£{X-Ønse Xncp-hp-’hw
Ipw`-am-k-Ønse Xncp-hm-Xn-c-\m-fn-¬ Bdm-t´msS
- 91 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
kam-]n-°p∂ 10 Znh-ksØ D’-h-am-Wv. G‰p-am-
\q¿ t£{X-Ønse Xncp-hp-’-h-Ønse {][m\
Znh-k-߃ c≠mw D’hw sImSn-°ogvhnf-°v,
Ggmw D’hw ImgvN{io_-en, F´mw D’hw Gg-
c-s∏m-∂m\Z¿i-\w, HºXmw D’hw ]≈n-th-´,
]Ømw D’hw Bdm´v F∂n-h-bm-Wv. F∂m¬
F√m Znh-khpw Z¿i-\-{]m-[m\yw D≈-h-X-s∂-
bmWv. Gg-c-s∏m-∂m-\-Zn-h-kw ImWn-°-bn´v `K-
hms‚ Z¿i\w e`n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n At\Iw
`‡-P-\-߃ FØp-∂p. Gg-c-s∏m-∂m-\sb Fgp-
∂-≈n®p≈ henbhnf°v Z¿i-\-{]m-[m\yhpw,
IÆn\pw a\- n\pw B\-μm-
\p -`qXn Df -hm -°p -∂Xpw
BWv. G‰p-am-\q¿ D’-h-
Ønse as‰mcp {][m\ NSßv
c≠mw D’hw apX¬ 9˛mw
D’hw hsc-bp≈ D’-h-_-
en-Z¿i\w BWv. [mcmfw
`‡-P-\-߃ D’-h-_en
Z¿i-\-Øn-s\-Øp-∂p. D’-h-
_en C{Xbpw BI¿j-I-
ambpw `‡n-\n¿`-c-ambpw \S-
°p∂ Htc Hcp t£{Xw G‰p-
am-\q¿ am{X-am-Wv. G‰p-am-\q-
c-∏s‚ Bdm´v aq∂v Intem-ao-
‰¿ AIse t]cq¿ ASp -
Øp≈ ao\-®n-em-‰n-em-Wv. ̀ K-
hm≥ Bdm-´n\v Fgp-∂≈n,
hgn-bn¬ ]d-Iƒ kzoI-cn®v,
aI-fmb t]cq¿ `K-h -Xn -
tbbpw kμ¿in®v, Bdm´v
Ign™v XncnsI hcp∂ hgn
Nme-bv°¬ {ioIr-jvW-`-K-
hms‚ Aº-e-Øn¬
kμ¿in®v Xncn -sI-t∏m-cp -
tºmƒ aIsf Adn-bn-°msX
t£{X-Øn¬ FØp-∂p.
X’-abw `K-hmt\ Gg-c-
s∏m-∂m-\-tbmSpw hmZy-tLm-
j-ß-tfm-Spw-IqsS FXn-tc‰v
AI-tØ°v B\-bn-°p-∂p.
Bdm´v Ign -™p≈ hchv
Z¿i-\-]pWyw Xcp-∂-Xm-Wv. XpS¿∂v sImSn-bn-d-
°p-∂-tXmsS D’hw kam-]n-°p-∂p.
G‰p-am-\q¿ D’-h-Øns‚ as‰mcp {]tXy-IX
Znh-khpw (2-˛mw D’hw apX¬ 9˛mw D’hw hsc-
bp-≈) ImgvN-{io-_entbmS-\p-_-‘n-®p≈ Ipf-
Øn¬ the-bm-Wv. ]Sn-™msd tKm]p-c-Ønse
the-I-fn -°vtijw `K-hm≥ Nm]-k-c- ns‚
hmXn¬°¬ hS-t°m´v Xncn™v \n¬°p-tºmƒ
Ipf-Øns‚ adp-I-c-bn¬ the-Ifn \S-°p-∂p.
XpS¿∂v sX°p-h-i-Øp≈ B\-s°m-́ nen¬ FØn
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
- 92 -
kn.-F-kv. {io[-c≥ aqØXv : G‰p-am-\q¿ t£{X-Ønse ssIÿm-\o-bcn¬s∏´ \mev C√-
ß-fnse Nnt‰-g-Øn-√sØ Hcp AwK-am-Wv.
tkh XpS-ßp-∂p. k‘y-k-a-b-Øp≈ tkhFgp-
∂-≈n∏v Z¿i-\-]pWyw Xcp-∂-Xm-Wv.
{]tZm-j-{hXw A\p-jvTn-°p-∂Xv A`ojvS-
kn-≤n°v AXn-hn-ti-j-am-Wv. {Xtbm-Z-in-k-‘y°v
{]tZmjw hcp∂ Znhkw {hXw A\p-jvTn-°p-∂-
XmWv DØ-aw. {]tZm-j-Zn-hkw k‘y°v ]m¿Δ-
Xnsb ]oT-Øn¬ CcpØn `K-hm≥ \rØw
sNøp∂p F∂pw, Cu kabw kIe tZho-tZ-h-
∑mcpw k∂n-ln-X-cmbn ]c-a-in-hs\ [ym\n-°p∂p
F∂pw hniz-kn-°p-∂p, Cu Zn\-Øn¬ hn[n-{]-
Imcw {hXw A\p-jvTn-°p-∂Xv inh-{]o-Xn°pw
k¿ssΔ-iz-c-Øn\pw DØaw Xs∂. {]`m-X-Øn¬
kv\m\w sNbvXv, ̀ kvaw sXm´v, ̀ K-hms\ Z¿i\w
sNbvXv, ]I¬ D]-h-kn®v, ]©m-£cw P]n®v,
sshIp-t∂cw kv\m\w sNbvXv, ho≠pw Z¿i\w
sNbvXv, A`n-tjIw, Zo]m-cm-[\ F∂n-h-bv°p-
tijw Xo¿∞w tkhn®v {hX-k-am-]vXn- sN-ømw.
{]tZm-j-Zn -hkw Zo]m-cm-[-\-bv°p-tijap≈
Ej-`-hm-l\ Fgp-∂-≈n∏v hfsc Z¿i-\-]pWyw
Xcp-∂-Xm-Wv. ̀ K-hms\ Fgp-∂-≈n®v hml-\-Øn¬
CcpØn ssIÿm-\ob-cmb aqØ-Xp-am¿ \mev t]¿
FSpØv hmZy-tLm-j-ß-tfmSpw I¿∏q-cm-cm-[-\-
tbmSpw IqSn aq∂v {]Z-£nWw. {]tZm-j-ß-fn¬
i\n-{]-tZmjw, {Xtbm-Zin {]tZmjw Ch {][m-
\-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. G‰p-am-\q¿ atlm-’-h-Øn-\n-Sbv°v
{]tZmjw hcn-I-bn√.
G‰p-am-\q¿ t£{X-Ønse as‰mcp {][m-
\s∏´ -Zn -hkw inh-cm-{Xn-bm-Wv. inh-cm{Xn
Znhkw 18 ]qP-Iƒ D≠v. sshIp-t∂cw Zo]m-cm-[-
\bv°v tijw \S-°p∂ ib-\-{]-Z-£n-W-Øn\v
[mcmfw `‡-P-\-߃ ]s¶-Sp-°p-∂p. inh-cm{Xn
Znhkw cm{Xn 12 aWn°v A`n-tjIw ]qP F∂n-
h-bv°p-tijw \S AS-°p-∂p. inh-cm{Xn Znh-
khpw {hXw A\p-jvTn-°p-∂Xv DØaw Xs∂.
2002 G{]n¬ amk-Øn¬ \S∂ AjvS-aw-
Key {]iv\-hn-[n-{]-Imcw ]e -]-cn-lm-c-{In-b-Ifpw
\S-∂p. XpS¿∂v, \ne-hn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ sImSn-a-c-
Øn\v tISv]mSv D≈-Xn-\m¬ ]p\¿{]-Xn-jvT
\-S-ØWw F∂p≈ {]iv\-hn[n {]Imcw 16-˛05-
˛2010-˛¬ ]p\¿\n¿Ωn®v ]p\-{]-XnjvT \S-Øn.
sImSn-ac {]Xn-jvT°vtijw ]q¿Δm-[nIw `wKn-
bmbn D’hhpw \S-Øn.
IrjvW≥tImhn-ense {][m\ Znhkw
AjvS-an-tcm-lnWn BWv. {]tXyI ]qP-I-tfmSpw
BUw-_-c-tØm-Spw -IqSn AjvS-an -tcm-lnWn
BtLmjw \S-∂p-h-cp-∂p.
A∂-Zm\w alm-Zm\w F∂m-W-t√m
{]amWw. G‰p-am-\q¿ t£{X-Øn¬ Znh-khpw
A∂-Zm\w \S-Øn-h-cp-∂p. `K-hms‚ {]kmZw
Ign-°phm≥ [mcmfw `‡-P-\-߃ F-Øn-t®-cp-
∂p.
sNß-∂q¿ Xmg-a¨a-T-Øn-te°v BWv G‰p-
am-\q¿ t£{X-Ønse X{¥w. {ioIWvT-c≥ cmPo-
hcv BWv t£{X-Ønse X{¥n. ]p√q¿ ]Øn-√-
Øn¬s∏´-h-cmWv G‰p-am-\q¿ ta¬im-¥n-am-cmbn
Ah-tcm-[n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Ct∏mƒ {io. inh≥
hnjvWp{]km-ZmWv ta¬im-¥n. aq∂v sIm√-
tØ°v ]pd-s∏Smim¥n-bm-bmWv Hcp ta¬im-¥n-
bpsS Ah-tcm-[w. G‰p-am-\q¿ \mev C√-ß-fn¬
(h-√y-S-Øn-√w, Nnt‰-gw, ]mS-I-t»-cn, sX°n-√w)
D≈ aqØ-Xp-am-cmWv ssIÿm-\o-b¿.
G‰p-am-\q¿ alm-tZ-hs‚ ip≤-]-©m-£c
aq¿Øn-bp-sS, i‡n-]-©m-£-c-aq¿Øn-bp-sS, ic-
`-aq¿Øn-bpsS amlm-flyhpw a‰v {][m\ Imcy-
ßfpw `K-hms‚ Imcp-Wy-I-Sm-£-Øm¬ ChnsS
{]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-hm≥ Rm≥ {ian-®n-´p-≠v. CXv `K-
hm≥ {io]-c-ta-iz-cs‚ lcn-Wm-e-tb-is‚ Xr°m-
e-Sn-I-fn¬ Rm≥ ka¿∏n-°p-∂p.
Hmw: \a: inhmb