Lecture two Acid – Base Equilibria & pH Calculations

According to the Bronsted-Lowry theory, an acid is a proton donor and a Base is a proton acceptor.

Weak Acid: For Acetic Acid: HOAC

Ka =

Or We can write also for Weak acid:

Weak base: For NH3:

=Kw / Ka

Buffer Capacity (β )

For Weak base and it is salt:

For Salts of weak bases: (NH4Cl)