Lecture 13 – plasmonicsweb.eecs.umich.edu/~peicheng/teaching/EECS598_06... · Nanophotonics in...
Transcript of Lecture 13 – plasmonicsweb.eecs.umich.edu/~peicheng/teaching/EECS598_06... · Nanophotonics in...
Lecture 13 – Nanophotonics in plasmonics
EECS 598-002 Winter 2006Nanophotonics and Nano-scale Fabrication
P.C.Ku
2EECS 598-002 Nanophotonics and Nanoscale Fabrication by P.C.Ku
Schedule for the rest of the semesterIntroduction to light-matter interaction (1/26):
How to determine ε(r)? The relationship to basic excitations.
Basic excitations and measurement of ε(r). (1/31)Structure dependence of ε(r) overview (2/2)Surface effects (2/7):
Surface EM waveSurface polaritonsSize dependence
Case studies (2/9 – 2/16):Quantum wells, wires, and dotsNanophotonics in microscopyNanophotonics in plasmonics
Dispersion engineering (2/21 – 3/7):Material dispersionWaveguide dispersion (photonic crystals)
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Outline
Today, we will discuss the applications of surface plasmon polaritons in the following areas.
SensingNanoscale light guidingNanolithographyLED efficiency enhancement
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Surface plasmon for sensing
Ref: Prasad, Biophotonics, figures 9.23 and 9.24.
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Bio sensing
Ref: Prasad, Biophotonics, figure 9.25.
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Surface plasmon polariton (SPP) confinement
dielectric
metal
~100nm
~10nm
Most of the energy is confined in the dielectric side.
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Plasmonic planar waveguide
Ref: J. R. Krenn and J. C. Weeber, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A 362 (2004) 739.
L
W
λ=633 nm
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Interference
Ref: J. R. Krenn and J. C. Weeber, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A 362 (2004) 739.
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Plasmonic nanoparticle waveguide
λ=1.55µm. Propagation length = 50µm.
Ref: S. Maier et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 86 (2005) 071103.
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Plasmonic V-groove waveguide
Ref: S. Bozhevolnyi et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 95 (2005) 046802.
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Another example of coupler
Ref: W. Nomura et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 86 (2005) 181108.
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Plasmonic printing
Ref: P. G. Kik et al., Proc. Of SPIE, 4810 (2002) 7.
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Ref: P. G. Kik et al., Proc. Of SPIE, 4810 (2002) 7.
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Line/space pattern
Ref: X. Luo and T. Ishihara, Appl. Phys. Lett., 84 (2004) 4780.
2mm
Interference of SPPgenerates extra fringes
Mask pitch 300nm
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g-line (436 nm)
Ref: X. Luo and T. Ishihara, Appl. Phys. Lett., 84 (2004) 4780.
The authors attributed the LER tothe mask roughness.
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Superlens version
Ref:N. Fang et al., Science, 308 (2005) 534.
I-line (365 nm)
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Ref:N. Fang et al., Science, 308 (2005) 534.
Negative resist~ 120 nm thick beforeprinting
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Spontaneous emission enhancement
Corrugated metal can coupleSP to radiation.
Ref: K. Okamoto et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 87 (2005) 071102.
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Top-emitting organic LEDs
Ref: S. Wedge et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 85 (2004) 182.
Active layer Alq3 ispumped by a diodelaser @ 410 nm fromthe bottom silica sub.
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MDPC = metallic-dielectric photonic crystal
L/S=150/150 nm
Ref: C. Liu et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 86 (2005) 143501.
Active layer MEH-PPVis electrically pumped.
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Radiative lifetime shortening in fluorescence process
Reduce the risk of photochemical destruction when molecules are in excited states for long time.Enhance quantum yield
Ref: D. A. Weitz et al., Opt. Lett., 7 (1982) 89.
τ=2 µs
w/o Ag: τ=280 µs
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Directional fluorescence
Ref: J. R. Lakowicz et al., J. Phys. D, 36 (2003) R240.
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Recommended Readings
Plasmonic biosensingP. N. Prasad, Biophotonics
Plasmonic waveguideE. Ozbay, Science, 311 (2006) 189.
Plasmonic printingP. G. Kik et al., Proc. Of SPIE, 4810 (2002) 7.