TowardKaonicProtonMa/er:DoubleKaonicNuclei

inProtonandHeavy-IonCollisions

ApossibleDARKMATTERcandidate:CondensedKaonic-ProtonMa/er(KPM)

composedofLambda*=K-p

YoshinoriAKAISHI&ToshimitsuYamazaki

January20,2016:J-PARC

KPM•  StrongbindingΛ*=K--p(I=0);B=27MeV•  StrongerindingΛ*-p;B~100MeV•  StrongerbindingΛ*-Λ*;B~200MeV•  Heitler-Londontypemolecularbonding•  Mul[-bonded:Λ*strangelet->stable

ma/er?•  Chiralsymmetryrestora[on:enhancedbinding:furthermore•  Stable,large,heavy,dense,inert,neutral:fulfilrequiredproper[esforDARKMATTER•  HowKPMcreated:BigBanguniverserighta`erBigBang,beforehadroniza[on:an[-par[clesareproceedingto

annihila[on

How to prove the high density in Kbar nuclei ?

directΛ*ps[ckingp+p-->K++p+Λ*

-->K++K-pp*Shortcollisionlength*Largemomentumtransfer

*DenseΛ*pstructure

Twodifferentreac[onmechanismstoproduceΛ*p-->K-ppConventional:π+ + n --> Λ* + K+Λ*-p distance at collision ~ 2.2 fm� sticking probability: small ~ 1%� Λ*: mostly in the q. f. region

New2007 p + p --> Λ*+ p + K+�Collision distance RNN ~ 1/mρ~ 0.3 fm� matches the small size ~ 1 fm� of the dense K-pp bound state.

sticking probability ~ 1Dominance ofΛ1405-p sticking�

in NN collisions: Λ*-pdoorwayPredicted in 2005:"searched for at J-PARC E27

X2265 -> p+Λ population

~ 100% in p + p -> X + K+ q = 1.6 GeV/c

Indicating:

X2265 = dense K-pp B.E. ~ 100 MeV

DISTO2010

E272014

Experimentalevidences

J-PARC E27 Ichikawa et al. 2014 ~ 2% in π+ + d -> X + K+ q = 0.3 GeV/c

Adiabatic p-p potential in K-pp

R [fm]

[MeV fm2]

1.0 2.0 3.0

Normal nuclear force : virtual meson exchange

R2 V(R)

p p K-

Super-strong nuclear force : real Kbar migration

Super strong / Normal ~ 4.1 - volume integral ratio -

pp

*ImpactsoftheobservedK-pp:Enormouscrosssec[onofp+p->K-pp+K+Lowcrosssec[onatd(π+,K+)K-pp

! indicateadensesystemBindingenergybyafactorof2largerthantheory!indicates20%enhancedKbar-Na/rac[on

!sugges[ngchiralsymmetryrestora[on;increasinga/rac[on,densi[es

Hadronicphasetoquark-gluonphase!?

-1.2 -1.3 -1.4 -1.5 -1.6 -1.7

-50

-100

-150

-200

0

[MeV]

s

K NNK NNN

KN

KK NN

KKN

10% 20%enhanced

0

KN

KN

KN

KN

KN

KN=IV

023 =IV

023 =IV

03 =IV

023 =IV

PDG2012

DISTO

FOPI

Λ(1405) Ansatz Chiral Weak Ansatz

Energy

Maedaetal.,Proc.Jpn.Acad.B89(2013)418Faddeev-Yakubovsky

Global View KbarN -->　attraction strength

DISTO + J-PARC E27

K-pp: ρ/ρ0 ~ 3 indicated

Dynamical formation of Λ*=K-p clusters in K-K-pp" ! Λ* condensed matter"

S.Maeda,Y.Akaishi&T.Yamazaki,Proc.Jpn.Acad.89(2013)418

0.75 fm

Λ*　- Λ*

No repulsion among K-’s Strong attraction among Λ*’s

NEWEXPERIMENTALPROPOSAL(conceptual)PRODUCTIONOFK-K-ppGatewaytowardKaonCondensedMa/erbyp+p->Λ*+Λ*+K++K+->K-K-pp+K++K+

Adenserstatemorefavoredinshort-rangecollision

Λ*Λ*modelforK-K-pp

D[fm]

[MeV]

EF

TF

UF

IfK-isassumedtobeaFermion:

Fermioncovalentbondscanceleachother.

Bosoncovalentbondsarealwaysadded!

DΛ* Λ*

K- K-

E

U

VKK

T

Y.Akaishi

Forρ->3ρ0,Chiralrestora[on,

IsovectorπN:increasedrepulsionGSI(2005)andRIKEN(2015)experiments

confirmedinπ-1sstatesinSn

I=0KbarN:increaseda/rac[on!shrinkage

Chiralsymmetryrestora[onofKbarNinterac[onindensenuclearmedium

Clearing QCD vacuum model

QCD-vacuumclearingfactor A/rac[onenhancementfactor

ChiralSymmetryRestora[oninπNandKbarN

KaonicProtonMa/erconceived

K-K-ppisalmostiden[caltoΛ*-Λ*instructure,indica[ngthatalargenumberofK-punitscons[tutealargeΛ*system,whichcanbelighterthandenseneutronsystem;noexittodecay:thusstable

M[Λ*=(K-p)]<M[n]So,weexpectstableΛ*(K-p)ma/ermayexistasstrangedusts,namely,akindofDARKMATTER.K-p=s(ubar-u)udTheKPMisstabilizedbyquark-an[-quarkhybrids.Itsexistencedependsonchiralsymmetryrestora[on.

KPMproducedonlyinBigBangK-p,K-pp,K-K-pp,,,deepbutshortlived:Γ~100MeVSo,short-livedmul[-Λ*(jKbar-proton

KaonicProtonMa/er

subar-uud

Stronga/rac[onNoshort-rangerepulsion

RelatedProblems:Whereandwhenan[-ma/erdisappeared?

Primordialan[-quarks Primordialquarks

~2x10-8

Recentexperiments@HIcollisionsatLHC-ALICE

theore[calanalysesbyP.Braun-Munzinger’sgroup

HYP2015,Sendai

Next3pagestakenfromthistalk

Noexo[cboundstatesyetfound:suchasK-K-pp-> Λ + Λ

ExpectedatM=2.8GeV/c2

P.Braun-Munzinger

Produc/oncrosssec/onofK-K-pp

"Hard formation process" different from Coalescence model and statistical model! (S. Cho et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 (2011) 212001)!

M. Hassanvand, Y. Akaishi & T. Yamazaki, Phys. Rev. C 84 (2011) 015207!

pK-ppΛ*

K+

p

SeveralGeV ShortcollisionlengthCompactboundstate

Gatewayto"SwanNuclearPhysics"T. Yamazaki, Y. Akaishi & M. Hassanvand, Proc. Jpn. Acad. B 87 (2011) 362!

~3 GeV"

pK-K-ppΛ*

K+

Λ*p

K+

~7 GeV"

The late Prof. Nishijima!

DISTO!

BrightfutureisexpectedatJ-PARC