Interpreting Objective C

Interpreting Objective-C@timburks

Interpreting Objective-C. © Tim Burks. March 4, 2014

“What’s new (nu)?”

ν


“C over lambda.”

c/λ


Desire

InsightCraft

Usage


Desire


Beliefs about Better


In any resource-constrained environment,

performance is everything.

1


All environments of value are resource-constrained.

2


Performance is device performance and developer performance.

3


The number of developers required to create a system

is its biggest weakness.

4


Stability and productivity are a developer's top two priorities,

in that order.

5


• Simplicity allows speed. Speed increases opportunity.

• Simplicity allows control. Control reduces risk.

6


• The C platform has consistently offered the best run time/power/capability performance for developers.

• Lisp-style languages have offered the greatest capabilities of abstraction.

7


Insight


Observation

Objective-C solves many problems in bridging C with high level languages.

• Introspectable: no glue code is needed to bind to compiled objects.

• Dynamic: we can add to the Objective-C runtime at run time.


So What’s Nu?

• Nu is an interpreted dialect of Lisp that parses into Objective C objects that can be evaluated to perform computations.

• Nu interacts directly with the Objective-C runtime to create and use classes, methods, and objects.


Craft


Parsing Nu

(puts (+ 2 2))!

2 2+

puts

NuCell

Nu_puts_operator

Nu_add_operator NSNumber NSNumber

NuCell

NuCell NuCellNuCell


Evaluating Nu

- (id) evaluateWithContext:(NSMutableDictionary *) context

2 2+

puts

NuCell

Nu_puts_operator

Nu_add_operator NSNumber NSNumber

NuCell

NuCell NuCellNuCell


Operators(+ 2 (/ 14 7)) !

!

Objects(UIStoryboard storyboardWithName:name bundle:nil) !

!


Interacting with the Runtime

((UIView alloc) initWithFrame:’(0 0 100 100))!

!

Nu evaluation can resolve symbols by looking up classes and methods in the Objective-C runtime.

Nu evaluation uses Objective-C method signatures to make method calls with appropriately-typed arguments.


Interacting with the Runtime

The Nu class operator can be used to define new classes and to add methods to existing ones.

(class MyClass is NSObject ! (- hello is ! (puts “hello")))


The Nu Shell

% nush!Nu Shell.!% (class MyClass is NSObject !- (- hello is (puts "hello")))!()!% (set myobject (MyClass new))!<MyClass:7fdb6863dd10>!% (myobject hello)!hello!()!


Usage


Generate a plist!(set me (dict name:"Tim Burks"! company:"Radtastical Inc."! address:(dict street:"220 South California Avenue, Suite 250"! city:"Palo Alto"! state:"CA"! zip:"94306")! projects:(array (dict name:"Silicon Valley iOS Developers' Meetup"! url:"http://meetup.com/sviphone")! (dict name:"Renaissance"! url:"http://renaissance.io")! (dict name:"Open Radar"! url:"http://openradar.io")! (dict name:"Nu"! url:"http://programming.nu"))))!!((me XMLPropertyListRepresentation) writeToFile:"tim.plist" atomically:NO)!


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>!<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">!<plist version="1.0">!<dict>!! <key>address</key>!! <dict>!! ! <key>city</key>!! ! <string>Palo Alto</string>!! ! <key>state</key>!! ! <string>CA</string>!! ! <key>street</key>!! ! <string>220 South California Avenue, Suite 250</string>!! ! <key>zip</key>!! ! <string>94306</string>!! </dict>!! <key>company</key>!! <string>Radtastical Inc.</string>!! <key>name</key>!! <string>Tim Burks</string>!! <key>projects</key>!! <array>!! ! <dict>!! ! ! <key>name</key>!! ! ! <string>Silicon Valley iOS Developers' Meetup</string>!! ! ! <key>url</key>!! ! ! <string>http://meetup.com/sviphone</string>!! ! </dict>!! ! <dict>!! ! ! <key>name</key>!! ! ! <string>Renaissance</string>!! ! ! <key>url</key>!! ! ! <string>http://renaissance.io</string>!! ! </dict>!! ! <dict>!! ! ! <key>name</key>!! ! ! <string>Open Radar</string>!! ! ! <key>url</key>!! ! ! <string>http://openradar.io</string>!! ! </dict>!! ! <dict>!! ! ! <key>name</key>!! ! ! <string>Nu</string>!! ! ! <key>url</key>!! ! ! <string>http://programming.nu</string>!! ! </dict>!! </array>!</dict>!</plist>!


Call a Remote API;;!;; test google geocoding API !;; API is limited to 2500 requests/(ip-address*day)!;;!!(load "RadHTTP")!(load "RadJSON")!!(set street "1675 Owens Street")!(set city "San Francisco")!(set state "CA")!!(set parameters (dict sensor:"false"! address:(+ street " "! city ", "! state " "! )))!(set query (parameters urlQueryString))!(set path (+ "http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?" query))!(set string (NSString stringWithContentsOfURL:(NSURL URLWithString:path)))!(set geocoding (string JSONValue))!!(puts (geocoding description))


{! results = (!! …! ! geometry = {! location = {! lat = "37.76800009999999";! lng = "-122.3934754";! };! "location_type" = ROOFTOP;! viewport = {! northeast = {! lat = "37.76934908029149";! lng = "-122.3921264197085";! };! southwest = {! lat = "37.7666511197085";! lng = "-122.3948243802915";! };! };! };! types = (! "street_address"! );! }! );! status = OK;!}!


Write Unit Tests;; test_array.nu!;; tests for Nu array extensions.!;;!;; Copyright (c) 2007 Tim Burks, Radtastical Inc.!!(class TestArray is NuTestCase! ! (- testCreate is! (set a (NSMutableArray arrayWithList:'(1 2)))! (a << "three")! (assert_equal 3 (a count))! (assert_equal 2 (a 1))! (assert_equal "three" (a 2)))!! (- testEach is! (set i 0)! (set a (array 0 1 2))! (a each:! (do (x)! (assert_equal i x)! (set i (+ i 1))))! ;; iteration with break! (set a (array 0 1 2 3 4 5 6))! (set sum 0)! (a each:! (do (x)! (if (eq x 4) (break))!


[hebephrenia:~/nu] tim% nutest test/test_array.nu!!TestArray: running!--- testCreate!--- testEach!--- testEachInReverse!--- testEachWithIndex!--- testIndexing!--- testSortUsingBlock!--- testSortedArrayUsingBlock!--- testSortedArrayUsingSelector!TestArray: completed 8 tests/32 assertions/0 failures/0 errors!!2014-03-03 19:52:41.147 nush[10592:d07] All: completed 8 tests/32 assertions/0 failures/0 errors!!2014-03-03 19:52:41.148 nush[10592:d07] SUCCESS (0 failures, 0 errors)


<dict> <key>action</key> <string>push sessions/2014/day/1</string> <key>image</key> <dict> <key>filename</key> <string>2014_bill_budge.jpg</string> <key>mask</key> <string>circle</string> <key>position</key> <string>left</string> </dict> <key>markdown</key> <string>Wednesday, January 29, 2014\n# Inspiration</string> </dict>

Build iOS apps


Create Web Sites


(get "/radarid:"! (set radarnumber (radarid longLongValue))! (authenticate)! (set mongo (RadMongoDB new))! (mongo connect)! (set radar (mongo findOne:(dict number:radarnumber) inCollection:"openradar.radars"))! (if (and (radarid longLongValue) radar)! (then (set comments (mongo findArray:(dict $query:(dict radar_id:(radar _id:))! $orderby:(dict created:1))! inCollection:"openradar.comments"))! (htmlpage (+ "Radar " (radar number:))! (topbar)! (&div class:"row"! (&div class:"large-12 small-12 columns"! (panel-for-radar radar)))! (&div class:"row"! (&div class:"large-12 small-12 columns"! (&div class:"row"! (&div class:"large-2 medium-2 small-12 large-push-10 medium-push-10 columns" style:"text-align:right"! (if (eq (radar user:) screen_name)! (then (&a class:"button" href:(+ "/radars/edit/" (radar _id:)) "Edit"))! (else nil))! (field "Number" (radar number:))! (field "Originator" (mask-username (radar user:)))! (field "Date Originated" (radar originated:))! (field "Status" (radar status:))! (field "Resolved" (radar resolved:))! (field "Product" (radar product:))! (field "Product Version" (radar product_version:))! (field "Classification" (radar classification:))! (field "Reproducible" (radar reproducible:)))! (&div class:"large-10 large-pull-2 medium-10 medium-pull-2 small-12 columns" style:"padding:0 30px;"! (&p style:"white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; font-family:Courier, monospace; font-size:80%"! (if ((set description (radar description:)) length)! (then (escape (radar description:)))! (else (&em "No description provided."))))))! (&div class:"row"! (&div class:"large-10 medium-10 small-12 columns"! (&div class:"comments"! (comments map:! (do (comment)! (if (comment parent_id:)! (then "") ;; skip replies! (else (box-for-comment comment YES screen_name))))))))! (if screen_name! (then (&input id:"newcomment" type:"button" class:"button tiny" value:"Post a comment"))! (else (&p (&a href:"/signin" "Sign in") " to post comments and radars.")))! (&div style:"display:none;" id:"radar" (radar _id:))! (&br)! (&script type:"text/javascript" charset:"utf-8"! "if(jQuery(\"#error\").text() == \"\") jQuery(\"#error\").hide();")))))! (else nil)))!


http://programming.nu/posts/2013/04/14/Nu-2.1.0

http://programming.nu/posts/2013/04/14/Nu-2.1.0


Anywhere Objective-C is run


Desire

InsightCraft

Usage


Desire

InsightCraft

Usage

Batteries Nuclear Power Includedhttp://programming.nu

PostgreSQL

MongoDB

MySQL

SQLite

NSURLSession

libevent

libxml2

AppKitUIKit

NSRegularExpression

NSXPCConnection

NSString

NSSet

NSDictionaryNSArray

MailCore

FMDBCorePlot

RestKit

NSValueNSNumber

NSURLRequest

NSPropertyListSerializationNSJSONSerialization

NSKeyedArchiver

NSProcessInfo

AFNetworking

SpriteKit

PDFKit

OpenGL

levelDB

Xapian

SSKeychainSSZipArchive

objective-git

NSXMLDocument

OTRKit

MYNetwork

SocketRocketCocoaYAMLPantomime

NSFileHandle

google-api-objectivec-client

PocketSVG

redis

PorterStemmer

Simple-KML

http://programming.nu

Interpreting Objective C

Technology

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