Grid Integration of 950kW Wind Turbine
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Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECSs) exhibit variability in their output power as a result of change in their prime movers (wind speed).This introduces a new factor of uncertainty on the grid and poses a lot of challenges to the power system planners and the utility operators in terms of the power system grid integrity i.e. power system security, power system stability and power quality. The project includes the complete design and simulation (under steady state conditions) of the components used for the connection of a Wind Turbine to the electrical network in respect of power system grid integrity
Transcript of Grid Integration of 950kW Wind Turbine
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11....................................................................................................25
12....................................................................................................32
13....................................................................................................34
14....................................................................................................37
DATASHEETS..................................................................................................45
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. block..
/ :
2 31
2wg pP C r d v
d = , v = , r = , pC = / ( Cp= /mP Pa Pm Pa ) Cp. Cp .
/ . Cp, . / . . / :
)
)
) .
/ :
N gdc dP V I
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Vgdc Id , Vgdc ( ) , :
GLLgdc VV 23
Id gdc ndc
d
V VI
r
Id Vndc, Vgdc r .
Vndc thyristors . Id .
.
1. : .
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2. : ( Pn Vn ), ( ) .
LLG NV V DC :
3 2 3 2690 931.827
gdc LLGV V V
Id :3950 10
1019.502931.827
NN gdc d d
gdc
PP V I I A
V
DC :
809.487Vgdc d ndc ndc gdc dV I r V V V I r : : 690b NV V V
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: 1117.647cos
Nb N
PS S KVA
:
2 2
( ) 3
6900.42598
1117.647 10b
b G
b
VZ
S
sX =0,61 pu :
( )0.61 0.25985 S b GZ 0,82713 mH2S
SL f
: '
LLGE V
' '3 1 31.35 ( ) 877.633 V1.35gdc LLG S d LLG gdc S d
V V I E V V I
:
: 690bV V : 1250 VAb trS S
:
2 2
( ) 3
6900.3809
1250 10b
b trb
VZ
S
:
( ) ( )k Tu pu x pu( ) 6%ku pu
( ) 0,02285 tr k b trX u Z
0,07273 mH2
trtrL
f
3 Choke: 5.5% 0.055chX
( )0.055 0.02095 ch b trX Z
0.066686 mH2
chch
XL
f
. : chL trL :
0,139416 mHtot tr chL L L
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( )
E Ls Xs Vgdc Id
877.633V 0.82713mH 0.25985 931.827V 1019.502A
Vndc Xtr Ltr Lch Xch809.487V 0.02285 0.07273mH 0.06669mH 0.02095
1H thyristors ( dc ).
thyristor ( Vd=Vndc) :
3 33 2 3 2cos cos
3 1cos ( ) * 0.82295
3 2 3 2
tot totd LL d LL d d
totd d
LL
L LV V a I V a I V
La I V
V
= 145.381 Psim ( , ), 30 . 1 2 gating block 175 176 .
2 L1 .
:
2cos 1 0,57311
2d
ds IuE
55.033du
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:2
cos( ) cos 0,91447 156.132
tot dth th
N
L Ia u a a u
V
10.74957thu
L1 (t=0) 3 1 , D5 D1. :
2
2 sin
ucommon an cn La Lc s
common LL
diV V V V V L
dt
V V t
2
sin ( )2
u
s
Edi td t
L
) : (2) (2+u) u=55.033 5 3 1
1 => au ii 2
2
2sin ( )
2
k t
u
ks
Ei td t
X
2388.217 (1 cos )a ui i t
) : (2+u) (2+120) u=55.033 1 1 ( ).
1019.502a di I A
) (2+120) (2+120+u) u=55.033 1 1 3 2.
a d ui I i , 2388.217 (1 cos( 120 ))ui t
1019.502 2388.217 (1 cos( 120 ))ai t A
) (2+120+u) (2+180) u=55.033 1 , :
0ai A
) (2+180) (2+180+u) u=55.033 2 3 4 1. : a ui i . :
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2388.217 (cos( 180) 1)ai t A
) (2+180+u) (2+180+120) u=55.033 4 1. :
1019.502a di I A
) (2+180+120) (2+180+120+u) u= 55.033 4 1 6 2. ( )a d u d ui I i I i . :
1019.502 2388.217 (1 cos( 300))ai t A
) (2+180+120+u) (2+360) u=55.033 1.
Aia 0
L1 / :2388.217 (1 cos )
1019.502
1019.502 2338.217 [1 cos( 120)]
0
2388.217[cos( 180) 1]
1019.502
2388.217 [1 cos( 300)] 1019.502
0
a
t A
A
t A
Ai
t A
A
t A
A
2 2 55.033
2 55.033 2 120
2 120 2 175,033
2 175.033 2 180
2 180 2 235,033
2 235.033 2 300
2 300 2 355,033
2 355,033 2( 1)
k t k
k t k
k t k
k t k
k t k
k t k
k t k
k t k
L1 (t=0) 3 1 . . Psim , Choke u=10.74957. :
) : (2) (2+u) u=10.74957 (0 , 0) ( u , Id) (10.74957 , 1019.502).
(1019,502 /10, 74957) 94,841ai t tA
) ( 2+ u , 2+120) u=10.74957
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1019,502a di I A
) ( 2+120, 2+120+ u) u=10.74957 (120 , d) (120 + u , 0) (120 , 1019.502) (130.74957,0).
94.841 t 12400.42ai A
) ( 2+120 + u , 2+180) u=10.74957
0ai A 2 .
L1 :94.841 t
1019.502
94.841 12400.42
0
94.841 17071.38
1019.502
94.841 29471.8
0
a
A
A
t A
Ai
t A
A
t A
A
2 2 10.74957
2 10.74957 2 120
2 120 2 130.74957
2 130.74957 2 180
2 180 2 190.74957
2 190.74957 2 300
2 300 2 310.74957
2 310.74957 2( 1)
k t k
k t k
k t k
k t k
k t k
k t k
k t k
k t k
3 Excel (2). Psim.
PSIM & EXCEL PSIM ( DC DC Id ). EXCEL L1 ( L2,L3 L1 120)
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/
-1500
-1000
-500
0
500
1000
1500
0 60 120 180 240 300 360
/
()
()
L1 L2 L3
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-1500
-1000
-500
0
500
1000
1500
0 60 120 180 240 300 360
()
()
L1L2L3
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4 . ( ) Psim.
( ) :
2 21019.502 832.42
3 3Is Id A
Psim :
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( ) : :
2 21019.502 832.42
3 3Is Id A
Psim ( ) :
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: , . . . ( uth = 12.515deg) , ( ud= 55.033deg) .
5 ( ) dc . .
dc .
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dc & .
dc .
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dc & .
6 D1 Thyristor 1
D1
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T1 (th1)
7 ( ) thyristor .
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8 Thyristor . Psim .
1D :
0
1 T
D DI I dtT =
23
0
1( )DI d t
= 1 2
2 3d
= 3d =339.834
1D :
23
2
0
1Drms dI I dtT
=2
32
0
1( )dI d tT
=21 2
2 3dI
= 3
dI =588.61
1T :
0
1 T
T dI I dtT =
23
0
1( )dI d tT
=1 2
2 3d
= 3d =339.834
1T :
23
2
0
1Trms dI I dtT
=2
32
0
1( )dI d tT
=21 2
2 3dI
= 3
dI =588.61
Psim :
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DIODE THYRISTORIdav(A) Idrms(A) Ithav(A) Ithrms(A)
. 339.834 588.61 339.834 588.61PSIM 357.493 560.294 339.834 579.932
, .
9 . Psim .
:
1
60,78s d dI I I
=794,902
: 1s rmsshI
Ih
6 1h n
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5
7
11
13
17
19
794.902158.9804
5794.902
113.5577
794.90272.264
11794.902
61.14613
794.90246.759
17794.902
41.83719
s
s
s
s
s
s
I A
I A
I A
I A
I A
I A
, Psim 19 :
L1 L2 L3 L1 L2 L3
1 50 774.445 774.445 774.445 793.855 793.657 793.8485 250 79.386 79.385 79.385 153.425 153.531 153.4307 350 29.484 29.485 29.484 106.000 105.734 105.997
11 550 14.066 14.066 14.065 60.607 60.617 60.61513 650 9.157 9.157 9.156 47.763 47.455 47.75817 850 5.543 5.543 5.542 30.032 29.956 30.04619 950 4.391 4.392 4.391 23.803 23.486 23.791
. .
:
2 2 2 2, 1,
,1,
779.273 774.445% 100 100 11.18%
774.445rms s
is
I ITHD
I
2 2 2 2, 1,
,1,
779.211 774.445% 100 100 11.11%
774.445rms s
is
I ITHD
I
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2 2 2 2, 1,
,C1,
779.363 774.445% 100 100 11.29%
774.445rms C s C
is C
I ITHD
I
:
2 2 2 2, 1,
,1,
820.082 793.855% 100 100 25.92%
793.855rms s
is
I ITHD
I
2 2 2 2, 1,
,1,
820.203 793.657% 100 100 26.08%
793.657rms s
is
I ITHD
I
2 2 2 2, 1,
,C1,
820.087 793.848% 100 100 25.92%
793.848s C s C
is C
I ITHD
I
10 1 2 20 kV. .
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( 1V , 2V ) 1 2 20 KV . Psim , :
1rmsV = 389,487V 2rmsV = 391.501V Fourier :
1 1max1 1
2s
s
VV = 540,411
2= 382.128 A
2 1max2 1
2s
s
VV = 550,969
2=389.5939 A
, :2 2
1 1 1 1dis rms sV V V =75.354V2 2
2 2 2 1dis rms sV V V =38.596V :
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11
1 1
100 disvs
VTHD
V = 19,719%
22
2 1
100 disvs
VTHD
V = 9,907%
, o Choke , .
11 . . .
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. , . . 2 . .
(V2a)
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(V2a-V2b)
PSIM . PSIM :
, B , ,,
767.528 767.866 768.105767.833
3 3LL GA LL GBC LL GAC
LL G
V V VV V
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PSIM( .4 rms ) :
S,rmsA S,rmsB S,rmsCS,rms
I I I 779.273 779.211 779.363I 779.282
3 3V
:
3 , , S,rms3 * * I 3 *767.833*779.249 1036.387G LL GS V kVA
:
2 2 2 23 , 3 , 3 ,G 1036.343 950 414.244G GQ S P kVAr
P3,G=950 kW .
r dc . PPP G ,3 , P r, :
2 21019.502 0.12 124.726dP I r kW
3 , 950 124.726 825.274GP P P kW
. 3 3 :
S,rmsA S,rmsB S,rmsCS,rms
I I I 820.082 820.203 820.087I 820.124
3 3V
VLL,=690 V PSIM. :
, ,3 V 3 690 820.124 980.142LL S rmsS I kVA
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:
2 2 2 2980.142 825.274 528.773Q S P kVAr .
H , .
PSIM. X .) 3ph-VAR METER , , / ) BLOCKS / THDblock FFT block Ipeak,Vpeak (I V). SUMMER SIN block , MULTIPLIER blocks (Ipeak Vpeak sinI,V). SUMMER gain 0.5 peak (I,V) rms 3 . Fourrier ( FFT blocks, 512) .
1 226.04GQ kVAr
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1
QG=414,134 kVAr 1 :
1, 226.04 0.546414.134
G
G
Q
Q
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1 474.14Q kVAr
1
Q=528,733 kVAr 1 :
1 474.14 0.897528.733
Q
Q
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12 thyristors, .
thyristor psim thyristors . (I,V,max) , ( PSIM)
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& DIODE
Idav(A) Idrms(A) Idmax(A) Vdmax(V)PSIM 357.493 560.294 1019.5 1124.06
THYRISTORIthav(A) Ithrms(A) Ithmax(A) Vthmax(V)
PSIM 339.834 579.932 1019.5 971.956
& DIODE
Idav(A) Idrms(A) Idmax(A) Vdmax(V)DS502ST12 710*1 1115*1 8000 1200
THYRISTORIthav(A) Ithrms(A) Ithmax(A) Vthmax(V)
DCR1002SF12 1430*2 2245*2 32500 1200(*1 =100, *2 =80)
Vdmax(V)=1124,06V Vthmax(V)=971.956 & 1200 V . 100C, 80C , .
thyristor . :
(180 u)* (180 145.381 10.74957)*
180 180t 1.326msec 100
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thyristor DCR1002SF12 200sec( 0.2msec) 1.326ms
13 (12), . thyristors.
. thyristor, .
Psim, 1D 1T , :
1dI = 357,493 A 1tI = 339,834 A
(DS502ST12) :
1dI = 357,493 A lossP 390 W
lossP = 6 lossP = 2340W
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1.21 1.21 357.493 432.56f loss f avV P V I W lossP = 6 lossP =2595,36 W
(DCR1002SF12) :
1tI = 339,834 A 360lossP W
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lossP = 6 lossP =2160 W
1.2 1.2 339.834 407.8T loss T avV P V I W lossP = 6 lossP =2446,8 W
14 2 .
( Lf Cf ) 50 Hz (11) 4.2 (fc=4.2x50 Hz). 690 V choke. 2. ;
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Choke LC. fc 4.2 . 5 . 5 5 . 250 Hz .
. /. . 1 . /. /, / . R=50m 3 . 5
. Fourier 5 . R=50m . :
11 3 1
1 =528, 733 Q kVAr
:
2 2 2
11
**
** *f
f f ,Yf ,Y
V V V VS V I V
Z Z j L jj L j CC
:
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2
2
1
, ,
4 2, ,
,
690
3176244 1762441 13 100
100
1100 0,9 10 90 1
100
f ff Y f Y
f f f Y f Yf Y
VQQ
L LC C
L L C CC
690V . .
7,
,
14,2 50 210 5.7438 10
2c f f Y
f f Y
f Hz L CL C
2 Lf, Cf,Y Cf, :
, 3.33628fC mF ,, 1.1123f
f
CC mF 0.1722fL mH
thyristor. .
3,
33 2cos 809.487 1.35 690 cos 300 0.07273 10 1019.502td ndc LL d
LV V V a I a
cos 0.8451 147.68oa a
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:
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, 693.76s rmsI A 1 ,962.849
680.842
s rmsI A
, 693.774s rmsI A 1 ,962.896
680.872
s B rmsI A
, 693.966sC rmsI A 1 ,963.149
681.052
s C rmsI A
/
2 2 2 2, 1 ,
,1 ,
693.76 680.84% 100 100 19.57%
680.84s rms s rms
is rms
I ITHD
I
2 2 2 2, 1 ,
,1 ,
693.774 680.87% 100 100 19.56%
680.87sB rms s B rms
i Bs B rms
I ITHD
I
2 2 2 2, 1 ,
,1 ,
693.966 681.05% 100 100 19.57%
681.05sC rms s C rms
i Cs C rms
I ITHD
I
Current THD(%)L1 L2 L3
Lch* 25.92 26.08 26RLC 19.57 19.56 19.57
(* 9)
.
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:
A, B, C,402.359 , 402.564 , 402.447rms rms rmsV V V V V V
1, B1, 1,
565.104 565.358 565.14399.59 , 399.77 , 399.61
2 2 2rms rms C rmsV V V V V V
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2 2 2 2, 1,
,1,
2 2 2 2, 1,
,1,
2 2 2 2, 1,
,C1,
402.359 399.59% 100 100 11.79%
399.59
402.564 399.77% 100 100 11.84%
399.77
402.447 399.61% 100 100
399.61
rms rms
vrms
B rms B rms
vB rms
C rms C rms
vC rms
V VTHD
V
V VTHD
V
V VTHD
V
11.94%
Voltage THD(%)L1 L2 L3
Lch* 9.907 9.907 9.907RLC 11.79 11.84 11.94
(* 10)
, . RLC .
14 . , 80% ( ) , . 70% . .
:kWPP 66595070.070.0 12
. :
Hzff 405080.080.0 12 XS :
2079.02 2 ss LfX , Ls .
. 2 ( :
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22
11
2
1
k
k
E
E
k . , . 1=2 . 2
VEE 11.702502
402633.877
1
212
THYRISTOR
dc :
dds
gdc IIL
EV 1985.085.947323 22
(1)
dc . :
kWIVP dgdc 665 (2)
(2) Vgdc (1) :
2 778.231854.5020.1985 947.85 665000 0169.623920.56d d d gdc
VI I I V
V
:
2 2 Thyristor . 90 90 . :
o
dtot
LLndcd
aaa
a
IL
aVVV
39.133687.0coscos5.931691.675
502.85410139416.0300cos69035.1691.675
3cos
23
3
1,
V
VrIVV dgdcndc 8472.300
691.675
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:
od
dsd u
E
ILu 04.506422.0
11.7022
502.854*10*82713.0**80*21
2
21cos
3
2
2
:
o
d
LL
IV
La
4.6u139.79u76371.0)ucos(
076708.0687.0502.8542*690
10*139416.0**100*2687.0
2
2cos)ucos(
RRR
3
,
tot1R
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DATASHEETS
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1
..........................................................................................2
1......................................................................................................6
2......................................................................................................6
3......................................................................................................9
4......................................................................................................12
5......................................................................................................14
6......................................................................................................16
7......................................................................................................17
8......................................................................................................20
9......................................................................................................21
10....................................................................................................23
11....................................................................................................25
12....................................................................................................32
13....................................................................................................34
14....................................................................................................37
Datasheets..................................................................................................45
. block..
/ :
d = , v = , r = , = / (
Cp= Pm Pa )
Cp. Cp .
/ . Cp, . / . . / :
)
)
) .
/ :
Vgdc Id , Vgdc ( ) , :
Id Id Vndc, Vgdc r .
Vndc thyristors . Id .
.
1. : .
2. : ( Pn Vn ), ( ) .
DC :
Id :
DC :
:
:
:
:
=0,61 pu :
:
:
:
:
:
:
3 Choke:
. :
:
( )
E
Ls
Xs
Vgdc
Id
877.633V
0.82713mH
0.25985
931.827V
1019.502A
Vndc
Xtr
Ltr
Lch
Xch
809.487V
0.02285
0.07273mH
0.06669mH
0.02095
1
H thyristors ( dc ).
thyristor ( Vd=Vndc) :
= 145.381
Psim ( , ), 30 . 1 2 gating block 175 176.
2
L1 .
:
:
L1
(t=0) 3 1 , D5 D1.
:
) : (2) (2+u) u=55.033
5 3 1
1 =>
) : (2+u) (2+120) u=
1 1 ( ).
) (2+120) (2+120+u) u=
1 1 3 2.
,
) (2+120+u) (2+180) u=
1 , :
) (2+180) (2+180+u) u=
2 3 4 1. : . :
) (2+180+u) (2+180+120) u=
4 1. :
) (2+180+120) (2+180+120+u) u=
4 1 6 2. . :
) (2+180+120+u) (2+360) u=
1.
L1 / :
L1
(t=0) 3 1 . . Psim , Choke u=10.74957. :
) : (2) (2+u) u=10.74957
(0 , 0) ( u , Id) (10.74957 , 1019.502).
) ( 2+ u , 2+120) u=10.74957
) ( 2+120, 2+120+ u) u=10.74957
(120 , d) (120 + u , 0) (120 , 1019.502) (130.74957,0).
) ( 2+120 + u , 2+180) u=10.74957
2 .
L1 :
3
Excel
(2).
Psim.
PSIM & EXCEL
PSIM ( DC DC Id ). EXCEL L1 ( L2,L3 L1 120)
/
4
. ( ) Psim.
( ) :
Psim :
( ) : :
Psim ( ) :
: , . . . ( uth = 12.515deg) , ( ud=deg) .
5
( ) dc . .
dc .
dc
& .
dc .
dc
& .
6
D1 Thyristor 1
D1
T1 (th1)
7
( ) thyristor
.
8
Thyristor . Psim .
:
== ==339.834
:
====588.61
:
= ===339.834
:
====588.61
Psim :
DIODE
THYRISTOR
Idav(A)
Idrms(A)
Ithav(A)
Ithrms(A)
.
339.834
588.61
339.834
588.61
PSIM
357.493
560.294
339.834
579.932
, .
9
. Psim .
:
=794,902
:
, Psim 19 :
L1
L2
L3
L1
L2
L3
1
50
774.445
774.445
774.445
793.855
793.657
793.848
5
250
79.386
79.385
79.385
153.425
153.531
153.430
7
350
29.484
29.485
29.484
106.000
105.734
105.997
11
550
14.066
14.066
14.065
60.607
60.617
60.615
13
650
9.157
9.157
9.156
47.763
47.455
47.758
17
850
5.543
5.543
5.542
30.032
29.956
30.046
19
950
4.391
4.392
4.391
23.803
23.486
23.791
.
.
:
:
10
1 2 20 kV.
.
(,) 1 2 20 KV .
Psim , :
= 389,487V = 391.501V
Fourier :
== 382.128 A
==389.5939 A
, :
=75.354V
=38.596V
:
= 19,719%
= 9,907%
, o Choke , .
11
. . .
. , . . 2 . .
(V2a)
(V2a-V2b)
PSIM . PSIM :
PSIM( .4 rms ) :
:
:
P3,G=950 kW .
r dc . , P r, :
. 3 3 :
VLL,=690 V PSIM. :
:
.
H , .
PSIM. X .
) 3ph-VAR METER , , /
) BLOCKS / THD block FFT block Ipeak,Vpeak (I V). SUMMER SIN block , MULTIPLIER blocks (Ipeak Vpeak sinI,V). SUMMER gain 0.5 peak (I,V) rms 3 . Fourrier ( FFT blocks, 512) .
1
QG=414,134 kVAr 1 :
1
Q=528,733 kVAr 1 :
12
thyristors, .
thyristor psim thyristors . (I,V,max) , ( PSIM)
&
DIODE
Idav(A)
Idrms(A)
Idmax(A)
Vdmax(V)
PSIM
357.493
560.294
1019.5
1124.06
THYRISTOR
Ithav(A)
Ithrms(A)
Ithmax(A)
Vthmax(V)
PSIM
339.834
579.932
1019.5
971.956
&
DIODE
Idav(A)
Idrms(A)
Idmax(A)
Vdmax(V)
DS502ST12
710*1
1115*1
8000
1200
THYRISTOR
Ithav(A)
Ithrms(A)
Ithmax(A)
Vthmax(V)
DCR1002SF12
1430*2
2245*2
32500
1200
(*1 =100, *2 =80)
Vdmax(V)=1124,06V Vthmax(V)=971.956 & 1200 V . 100C, 80C , .
thyristor . :
thyristor DCR1002SF12 200sec( 0.2msec) 1.326ms
13
(12), .
thyristors.
. thyristor, .
Psim, , :
= 357,493 A= 339,834 A
(DS502ST12) :
= 357,493 A 390 W
= 6= 2340W
= 6=2595,36 W
(DCR1002SF12) :
= 339,834 A
= 6=2160 W
= 6=2446,8 W
14
2 .
( Lf Cf ) 50 Hz (11) 4.2 (fc=4.2x50 Hz).
690 V choke. 2. ;
Choke LC. fc 4.2 . 5 . 5 5 . 250 Hz .
. /. . 1 . /. /, / . R=50m 3 . 5 . Fourier 5 . R=50m . :
11 3 1
:
:
690V . .
2 Lf, Cf,Y Cf, :
thyristor. .
:
/
Current THD(%)
L1
L2
L3
Lch*
25.92
26.08
26
RLC
19.57
19.56
19.57
(* 9)
.
:
Voltage THD(%)
L1
L2
L3
Lch*
9.907
9.907
9.907
RLC
11.79
11.84
11.94
(* 10)
, . RLC .
14
. , 80% ( ) , . 70% . .
:
. :
XS :
,
Ls .
. 2 ( :
k . , . 1=2 . 2
thyristor
dc :
(1)
dc . :
(2)
(2) Vgdc (1) :
:
2 2 Thyristor . 90 90 . :
:
:
Datasheets
2010 44
