Figure 11.12 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Figure 11.7 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Figure 11.9 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Progressive Accumulation of Genetic Lesions in Colon Cancer

Progressive LOH

The Corresponding genetic lesions

Figure 7.24a The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

APC , β-CATENIN & REGULATION OF THE INTESTINAL LINING

Figure 11.20 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Comparative Genome Analysis

Figure 11.22b The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

In Vivo Studies With Monozygotic Twins Show Requirement For More Than 1 Genetic

Modification

Table 11.2 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Oncogene Collaboration

Figure 11.24a The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

In vivo Study in Mouse Model Shows effect of Collaborating Genetic

Lesions

Figure 11.28 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Tumor Initiators and Tumor Promoters - Phenomenology

†

†

†

†

Figure 11.29 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Initiators & Promoters – Possible Mechanisms I

Figure 11.30 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Initiators & Promoters – Possible Mechanisms II

Table 11.4 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Figure 11.37b The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Inflammation and Liver Cancer

Figure 11.38c The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Inflammation, Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), Prostaglandin E2 & Tumor

Promotion

Table 11.3 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Alcohol – head & neck

Figure 11.42 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Mutagens vs Promoters