Ξενόγλωσση Τεχνική ΟρολογίαΕνότητα: Principles of an Internal Combustion Engine

Παναγιώτης Τσατσαρός

Τμήμα Μηχανολόγων Μηχανικών ΤΕ

ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗ ΔΗΜΟΚΡΑΤΙΑΑνώτατο Εκπαιδευτικό Ίδρυμα ΠειραιάΤεχνολογικού Τομέα

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Χρηματοδότηση

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• Το έργο υλοποιείται στο πλαίσιο του Επιχειρησιακού Προγράμματος «Εκπαίδευση και Δια Βίου Μάθηση» και συγχρηματοδοτείται από την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση (Ευρωπαϊκό Κοινωνικό Ταμείο) και από εθνικούς πόρους.

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1. Exercise A: Finding out facts................................................................................4

2. Exercises B: Word meaning in context.................................................................6

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1. Exercise A: Finding out facts

1. An internal combustion engine is a machine thata) uses heat to create mechanical energyb) converts heat energy to mechanical energyc) converts mechanical energy to heat energyd) uses mechanical energy to create heat

2. The difference in operation between an internal and an external combustion engine lies ina) the way the piston movesb) the pressure to the cylinderc) the production of steamd) the compression of fuel

3. When the gas cannot expanda) it is compressedb) it is heatedc) its temperature increasesd) its pressure increases

4. What action forces the piston downward during the operation of an internal combustion engine?a) Compression of the air-fuel mixtureb) Intake of the air-fuel mixturec) Expansion of the heated gasesd) Exhaust of waste gases

5. Reciprocating motion is changed to rotary motion in the combustion engine by means of aa) piston pin and a connecting rodb) flywheel and a crankshaftc) cylinder and a pistond) crankshaft and a connecting rod

6. Power is developed in an internal combustion engine bya) gas expansionb) fuel-air combustionc) crankshaft rotationd) piston movement

7. What are the basic parts of a one-cylinder engine?a) Cylinder, camshaft, valves, piston, piston pin, connecting rod, and crankshaftb) Cylinder, valves, piston, piston pin, connecting rod, and crankshaftc) Cylinder, piston, piston pin, connecting rod, and crankshaftd) Cylinder, piston, connecting rod, and crankshaft

8. Reciprocating motion in a one-cylinder engine results froma) the cylinder movement in the engineb) the rotary motion of the crankshaftc) the piston movement in the cylinder

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d) the fuel burning in the cylinder9. What is the ratio of crankshaft revolutions to piston strokes in a one-cylinder

engine?a) 1 to 1b) 2 to 1c) 1 to 2d) 4 to 2

10. Which of the following combinations of steps is appropriate for the production of rotation in a one-cylinder engine?

a. 4.3.2,1 b. 1,2,3,4 c. 2,1,3,4 d. 3,1,4,2

1. the upper end of the connecting rod moves downward2. the throw rotates the crankshaft3. the piston slides downward4. the lower end of the connecting rod moves in a circular motion

11. Which of the following actions occurs during the second stroke in the sequence of strokes in a four-stroke cycle engine?a) The air-fuel mixture is compressedb) The piston moves downwardc) The waste gases are exhaustedd) The air-fuel mixture is ignited

12. At what point in the cycle of a four-stroke cycle engine does ignition occur?a) At the end of the compression strokeb) At the beginning of the intakec) During the power stroked) At the beginning of the compression stroke

13. During which stroke in the operating cycle of a four-stroke cycle engine is the greatest force exerted on the piston?a) Intakeb) Compressionc) Powerd) Exhaust

14. In what order do the strokes of a four- stroke cycle engine occur during operation?a) Compression, power, exhaust, intakeb) Compression, power, intake, exhaustc) Intake, compression, power, exhaustd) Intake, compression, exhaust, power

15. At what point in the cycle of a four-stroke engine do both the pressure and the temperature of the air-fuel mixture increase?a) At the end of the compression strokeb) At the beginning of the compression strokec) At the end of the intake stroked) During the power stroke

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2. Exercises B: Word meaning in context

Look back in the text and find words that match the following:1. leads to, causes 2. moving back and forth3. possible, capable4. thus, so 5. marks 6. needs 7. series, order 8. proportion 9. push 10. release, discharge

Now look back in the text and find words that have an opposite meaning to the following:

1. unimportant, unnecessary2. condenses, contracts3. free, released4. movable, mobile5. complete, whole6. pulls, attracts7. nonflammable8. blown out, extinguished

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