Entey Umma (My Mother) - IslamAhmadiyya · Ente Umma (Malayalam) Meri Walida (Original) Author :...

Fs‚ DΩ

Fs‚ DΩNu±co k v-dp-√m-lvJm≥

hnh¿Ø\w:

apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bo¬ Be-∏pg

]km-[-I¿:

Ckvemw C‚¿\m-j-W¬ ]ªn-t°-j≥kv, tIcf

t^m¿´v tdmUv, IÆq¿˛ 670 001

Ente Umma(Malayalam)

Meri Walida(Original)

Author :Muhammad Zafrullah Khan Sahib(Ra)

Translator :Muhammad Ismail Alleppey. H.A

Printed at:BRB Offset Printers, Thavakkara, Kannur- 17

Cover Design: Thahira Ismail

Published by :Islam International Publications, Kerala

Copies: 3000

Ist Edition : July 2007

Price: 30/-

IIPK/10

D≈-S°w

]km-[-I-°p-dn∏v ................................................................................................. 7

hnh¿Ø-I-°p-dn∏v ............................................................................................... 9

KŸ-I¿Øm-hv.................................................................................................... 11

IpSpw-_-]-c-amb ÿnXn-Iƒ.......................................................................... 16

DΩ-bpsS hnhmlw............................................................................................. 19

]nXm-hns‚ Nne Ah-ÿ-Iƒ ...................................................................... 19

a°-fpsS ac-Whpw DΩ-bpsS kl-\hpw................................................. 21

Fs‚ P\\w ...................................................................................................... 27

]nXm-hns‚ th¿]mSv ........................................................................................ 28

ho´n¬ Alva-Zn-ø-Øns‚ N¿® .................................................................. 33

Alva-Zn-ø-Øns\ kw_-‘n-®p≈ kz]v\w........................................... 35

kz]v\-Øn¬ knbm-dØv ............................................................................... 37

knbm¬t°m-´n¬ lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ BKaw.......... 38

DΩ-bpsS _bv-A-Øv ....................................................................................... 40

]nXm-hns‚ _bv-AØv ................................................................................... 42

DΩmbv°v Ft∂m-Sp-≈- kvt\lw ............................................................... 44

hnZym-`ym-k-Øn-\mbn Cw•-≠n¬................................................................ 45

c≠mw Jnem-^-Øn\v _bv-AØv .............................................................. 49

bqtdm-∏n¬\n-∂p≈ Fs‚ Xncn-®p-h-chv .................................................. 52

JmZn-bm-\n¬ ]nXm-hns‚ Xmakw ............................................................. 53

D∏-bp-tSbpw DΩ-bp-tSbpw l÷v ............................................................... 54

D∏-bpsS AkpJw............................................................................................ 55

D∏-bpsS ac-W-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ DΩ I≠ kz]v\w ............................ 58

6Fs‚ DΩ

D∏-bpsS th¿]mSv ............................................................................................. 60

Ft∂m-sSm-∏-ap≈ DΩ-bpsS PohnXw ....................................................... 66

_olm¿ bmX................................................................................................... 67

Iivao¿ bmX..................................................................................................... 68

Hcp A]-S-I-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ kz]v\w ....................................................... 70

DΩ-bpsS ss[cyw ............................................................................................. 73

a\p-jy-Ip-e-tØm-Sp≈ kl-Xm]w............................................................ 76

Pam-A-Øn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ A`n-am\w ......................................................... 80

lZvdØv Aao-dp¬ apA-van-\o\nep≈ hnizmkw.................................. 82

akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ IpSpw-_-tØm-Sp-≈- kvt\lw...................... 83

C¥y≥ sshtkm-bn-bp-ambn IqSn-°mgvN.............................................. 84

ao¿ C\m-ap-√mlv imlv kmln-_ns‚ ac-W-sØ-°p-dn®v ................ 87

Aap-Jy-Im-cy-ß-fn¬\n∂pw A\m-Nm-c-ß-fn¬\n∂pw PmKX ....... 88

Fs‚ aI-fpsS P\-\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ kz]v\w..................................... 89

A√m-lp-hn-ep≈ XnI™ hnizmkw....................................................... 95

DΩmbv°v Xs‚ ac-W-sØ-°p-dn®v kz]v\w .......................................... 96

DΩ-bpsS AkpJw ........................................................................................... 96

tcmK-Øns‚ Kpcp-X-cm-hÿ ....................................................................... 101

inwe-bn¬\n∂v U¬ln-bn-te-°p≈ bmX .......................................... 103

U¬ln-bn¬\n∂v JmZn-bm-\n-te-°p≈ bmX ..................................... 110

DΩ-bpsS Ah-km-\sØ kwkmcw ....................................................... 110

JmZn-bm-\n¬ BKaw........................................................................................ 111

h^mØv............................................................................................................... 112

Nu±cn k^-dp-√m-lvJm≥ kmln-_ns‚ DΩ-bpsS h^mØv ........ 113

\o Pohn°q aIt\ ......................................................................................... 120

7Fs‚ DΩ

]km[-I-°p-dn∏v

temItImSXn PUvPnbpw ]m°n-ÿms‚ BZysØ hntZ-

i-Im-cy-a-¥nbpw D∂X \b-X-¥-⁄-\p-amb k¿ k^vdp-√m-

lvJms‚ "tacn hmenZ' F∂ D¿Zp ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ ae-bmf

]cn-`m-j-bmWv "Fs‚ DΩ' F∂ t]cn¬ ]pd-Øn-d-ßp-∂-Xv.

AN-©-e-amb ssZh- -‡n-bp-tSbpw hnizm-k-[m¿Vy-Øn-t‚bpw

]Xo-I-amWv k¿ apl-ΩZv k vdp-√m-lvJm≥ kmln-_ns‚ DΩ.

]Xn-k-‘n-Isf Hs∂m-∂mbn kss[cyw t\cn´ Ah¿ amXr-

hm-’-ey-Øns‚ \nd-Ip-S-am-Wv. Ah-cpsS hnip-≤-Po-hnXw D∂X

aqey-ß-fpsS \h-c-Xv\-tim-`-bm-Wv. A√m-lp-hn-t\mSpw Ahs‚

kr„n-I-tfm-Sp-ap≈ kvt\l-Øns‚ kmK-c-Ønc a\- n¬

kq£n® Ah¿ Alva-Znøm Pam-A-Øns‚ A`n-am-\-am-bn-cp-

∂p. Ah-sc-°p-dn-®p≈ Ah-cpsS aIs‚ Hm¿Ω-°p-dn-∏p-Iƒ

Alva-Znøm Pam-A-Øns‚ ]n∂n-´p-t]mb Hcp Ime-L-´-Øns‚

NcnXw IqSn-bm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.

Cu ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ A®-Sn-s®ehv hln-°p-∂Xv ]g-b-ßm-

Sn-bnse a¿lqa _n. Ip™m-bnim kmln-_-bpsS a°-fm-Wv.

Xß-fpsS DΩ-bpsS Hm¿Ωbv°v Ch¿ ka¿∏n-°p∂ Cu D]-

lmcw Zo\n-bmb am¿§-Øn¬ G‰hpw hne-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. ]g-b-

ßmSn ePv\ Cam-bn-√m-bpsS A[y-£-bmbn Zo¿L-Imew

tkh\w sNbvX a¿lqa Ip™m-bnim kmln-_ AlvaZn-ø-

Øns\ Hcp Pohn-X-km^ey-ambn IcpXn XymK-\n¿ -chpw tkh-

\-`-cn-X-hp-amb PohnXw \bn® a¿lqw F. kpsse-am≥ kmln-

8Fs‚ DΩ

_ns‚ mcy-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. Alva-Znøm Pam-A-Øns\ Bfl-\n¿hr-

Xn-bmbn kzbw-h-cn® a¿lqa Ip™m-bnim kmln-_°pw

a¿lqw kpsse-am≥ kmln-_n\pw A√mlp aKv^n-dØv \evIp-

am-dm-I-s´. Bao≥. Ah-cpsS a°-fpsS Cu tkh-\-Øn\v X°-

]-Xn-^ew \evIp-am-dm-I-s´. Bao≥.

Cu ]pkvXIw ae-bm-f-Øn-te°v Poh≥Xp-Sn-°p∂ `mj-

bn¬ at\m-l-c-ambn ]cn-`m-j-s∏-Sp-Øn-Ø∂ P\m_v auehn

apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bo¬ kmln-_n-t\m-Sp≈ \µn Cu Ah-k-c-

Øn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

amXr-lr-Z-b-Øns‚ \∑bpw hm’-eyhpw \nd-s™m-gp-Ip∂

Cu ]pkvXIw am\y-hm-b-\-°m¿°v khn-\bw ka¿∏n-°p-∂p.

kZv¿

Ckvemw C‚¿\m-j-W¬ ]ªn-t°-j≥kv, tIcf

9Fs‚ DΩ

hnh¿Ø-I-°p-dn∏v

Ccp]Øn-aq∂v h¿jw aptº-bmWv, "tacn hmenZ' F∂

KŸw Rm≥ X¿Pa sNbvX-Xv. A∂v Rm≥ JmZn-bm≥ PmanA

Alva-Zn-øm-bnse \memw h¿j hnZym¿∞n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. X¿Pa

]q¿Øn-bm-b-Xn-\p-tijw AXv a¿lqw A–p¿ dlvam≥

kmln_v Im°-\m-Sn\v Ab-®p-sIm-Sp-Øp. At±-l-Øn\v

As∂mcp ]X-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p˛ "]nbw-h-Z'. Xs‚ ]X-Øn¬

]e ]mh-iyhpw At±lw Cu KŸ-sØ-°p-dn®v ]ckyw

sNbvXp-sh-¶nepw Ft¥m Nne Imc-W-ß-fm¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-

°m≥ Ign-™n-√.

]n∂oSv, "A∂q-dn's‚ ]h¿Ø-I¿ AXv ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°m≥

BKlw ]I-Sn-∏n-®p. Aßs\ AXns‚ BZysØ Nne `mK-

ßƒ Ah¿ A∂q-dn¬ ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øn. Ct∏mƒ \mkn-dm-

Øp¬ Alva-Zn-øm-bpsS ]co£m kne-_- n¬ "tacn hmenZ'

F∂ KŸw Dƒs°m-≈n-®n-cn -°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v AXns‚

]h¿Ø-I¿ \n¿_‘w ]nSn-®p. Aß-s\-bmWv c≠m-gvN-sIm≠v

]p\x-]-cn-tim-[\ sNbvXv Cu KŸw \nß-fpsS ssIbn-se-

Øn-°p-∂-Xv.

temI-\o-Xn-\ymb tImS-Xn-bpsS \ymbm-[n-]\pw A[y-£-

\p-sam-s°-bm-bn-cp∂hniz-]-kn-≤-\mb lZvdØv Nu±co apl-

ΩZv k^v-dp-√m-lvJm≥ kmln-_v(-d) Fgp-Xnb "tacn hmenZ'

F∂ Aaq-ey-K-Ÿ-Øns‚ hnh¿Ø-\-amWv "Fs‚ DΩ'. Fs∂

h√msX BI¿jn® KŸ-am-Wn-Xv. CXv X¿Pa sNøp-tºmgpw

10Fs‚ DΩ

h¿j-ßƒ°p-tijw ]p\x-]-cn-tim-[\ \S-Øp-tºmgpw ]q^v

hmbn-°p-tºmgpw Fs‚ IÆp-Iƒ \nd-bm-Xn-cp-∂n-´n-√. CXns‚

ImcWw Cu KŸw \nßƒ°p ]d-™p-X-cpw.

CsXmcp km[m-cW KŸ-a-√. ssZhw \nc-¥cw Xs‚ C„m-

\n-„-ßfdnbn®v, Xs‚ Hcp Zmknsb ]cn-ip-≤-bm°n X∂n-

te°p sIm≠p-t]mb kw`-h-_-lp-e-amb Pohn-Xm-\p-`-h-am-Wn-

Xv. ssZh-an-s√∂v ]d-bp-∂-h¿°pw hnizm-kn-I-fm-bn´pw Ahn-

izm-kn-I-fm-bn v Pohn-°p-∂-h¿°pw Ip´n-Iƒ°pw kvXoIƒ°pw

]pcp-j-∑m¿°pw bphm-°ƒ°pw [m¿ΩnIX F¥m-sW∂pw

AXns‚ Bh-iy-I-X-sb-¥m-sW∂pw a\- n-em-°m-\p≈ Hcp

apX-em-Wn-Xv.

CXv \nßsf hnkva-b-`-cn-X-cm-°pw. amXr-hm-’-ey-sa-¥m-

sW∂v ImWn-®p-X-cpw. IpSpw_w Fß-s\-sb∂v hgn-Im-´pw.

ssZh-hp-ambn Fß-s\-bm-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂v ]d-™p-X-cpw. \nßsf

Ic-bn-°pw. \nßsf km¥z-\-s∏-Sp-Øpw. \nßƒ°v kt¥mjw

]I-cpw.

CXv X¿P-a-bm-W-t√m. KŸ-I¿Øm-hns‚ CwKnXadn™v

X¿Pa sNøm≥ ian-®n-´p-≠v. F¶nepw ]ng-hp-Iƒ kw`-hn-°mw.

Fhn-sS-sb-¶nepw i≤-bn¬s∏-´m¬ Adn-bn-°m≥ aSn-Im-Wn-

°-cp-Xv. CsXmcp Aam-\-Øm-Wv. Aam-\-Øns‚ ISa \nd-th-

‰m≥ \msa√mw _m[y-ÿ-cm-Wv. Zo¿Ln-∏n-°p-∂n-√.

Ckvemw C‚¿\m-j-W¬ ]ªn-t°-j≥kv tIcf kZv¿

s]m^. alvaqZv AlvaZv kmln-_n\pw ]tXyIw \µn. A√mlp

A\p-K-ln-°-s´.

F\n°v Alva-Zn-øØv F∂ \n[n e`n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-aptº

Ft∂mSv kemw sNm√nb Fs‚ _m∏-tbbpw Rm≥ aptJ\

B \n[n e`n® Fs‚ DΩ-tbbpw Hm¿Øp-sIm≠v

IÆq¿ apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bo¬ Be-∏pg F®v.-F.

1.7.2007.

11Fs‚ DΩ

KŸ-I¿Øm-hv

lZvdØv Nu±co apl-ΩZp k^vdp-√m-lvJm≥ kmln_v(d)

1893 s^_p-hcn 6˛mw XnbXn knbm¬t°m- n¬ P\n-®p. lZvdØv

Nu±co \pkvdp-√m-lvJm≥ kmln-_v(-d), lZvdØv lpkbv≥

_o_n kmln_(d.-lm) F∂o Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aI\pw hmKvZØ

alvZn-a-kolv lZvdØv an¿km Kpemw Alva-Zv(-A)s‚ klm-

_n-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

Cw•-≠n¬\n∂v D∂-X-hn-Zym-`ymkw Ic-ÿ-am-°n-b-tijw

Ahn-`-‡-C-¥y-bn¬ Db¿∂ k¿°m-cp-tZymKw hln-°p-I-bp-

≠m-bn. dbn¬sh an\n-Ã¿, tem an\n-Ã¿, sImta¿kv an\n-

Ã¿, kssπ an\n-Ã¿, s^U-d¬ tIm¿´ns‚ \ymbm-[n-]≥,

C¥y≥ sshtkmbn Iu¨kn-ens‚ \nb-tam-]-tZ-„mhv XpS-

ßnb ÿm\-ßƒ Ae-¶-cn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. ssN\-bn¬ Ipd-®p-

\m-f-tØ°v s]mfn-‰n-°¬ GP‚ v F∂ \ne-bnepw ]h¿Øn-

®n-´p-≠v.

C¥ym hn -P-\-Øn-\p-tijw ]m°n-ÿms‚ BZysØ hntZ-

i-Im-cy-a-¥n-bmbn \nb-an-X-\m-bn. Cu ÿm\w Ggp-h¿jw

At±lw \n¿∆-ln-®p. B Ime-b-f-hn¬ sFIy-cm-„-k-`-bn¬

]s¶-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ ]Xn-\n[n kwL-Øns‚ Xe-h≥ At±-

l-am-bn-cp-∂p. 1962-˛63-˛se sFIy-cm-„-k` P\-d¬ Akwªn

ao‰nw-Kns‚ A[y-£-\mbpw At±lw Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´p.

12Fs‚ DΩ

knbm¬t°m´v skj≥tIm-S-Xn-bnse h°m-eØv ]mŒo-

kn¬\n-∂mWv At±-l-Øns‚ A`n-`m-j-I-Po-hnXw XpS-ßp-∂-

Xv. ]n∂oSv s]s´∂v s]s´-∂m-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ A`n-hr-

≤n. Aßs\ Gjy-bnse G‰hpw henb A`n-`m-j-I-\mbn

cwK-]-thiw sNbvXp.

hntZ-i-Im-cy-a-¥n-bm-bn-cp-∂-Xn-\p-tijw At±lw temI-

\o-Xn-\ymb tImS-Xn-bpsS (tl-Kv) \ymbm-[n-]≥ F∂ \ne-

bn¬ h¿j-ß-tfmfw ]h¿Øn-®p. aq∂p-h¿jw- -AXns‚ ]kn-

U‚p-am-bn-cp-∂p.

C¥y-bp-tSbpw ]m°n-ÿm-t‚bpw kzmX-¥y-Øn-\p-th-

≠nbpw At±lw henb ]¶mWv hln-®-Xv. CXn-\p-]p-dta Cw•-

≠v, P¿Ω-\n, ^m≥kv, Ata-cn-°, Im\-U, ate-jy, Ct¥m-t\-

jy, ssN\, P∏m≥, t]mf-≠v, lwK-dn, djy, CuPn-]vXv, kndn-

b, tPm¿Zm≥, adm-°n-jv XpS-ßnb cmPy-ß-fnepw Gsd ]kn-

≤-\m-bn-cp-∂p.

ssZh-`-‡n-bnepw \∑-bnepw At±lw D∂-X-ÿm-\-Øm-

Wp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. aX-]-c-amb I¿Ω-ß-fn¬ HcnSØpw At±lw

Hcn-°epw hn´p-hogvN sNbvXn-´n-√. Cu D¬°r-„-amb kz`mhw

Imc-W-Øm¬ sFIy-cm-„-k- -bnse ]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ At±-lsØ

Atß-b‰w BZ-cn-°p-Ibpw _lp-am-\n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p.

]tXy-In®v apkvenw cm„-ß-fpsS ]Xn-\n-[n-I-fpsS Zr„n-bn¬

At±-l-Øns‚ \nb-a-⁄m-\-Øn-ep≈ ss\]p-Wyhpw aX-]-c-

amb Adn-hp-Ifpw ssZh-`-‡nbpw am\y-Xbpw Imc-W-Øm¬

At±-l-Øn\v Db¿∂ ÿm\w e`n-®n-cp-∂p.

Nne Ckvem-anI cm„-ß-fpsS kzmX-¥y-Øn-\p-th≠n

At±lw kp]-[m\ ]¶p-h-ln-®n-´p-≠v. A°m-c-W-Øm¬ B

\mSp-I-fn¬ At±lw BZ-c-thmSpw _lp-am-\-tØm-Spw-IqSn kvacn-

°-s∏-Sp-∂p. tPm¿Zm≥ k¿°m¿ Xß-fpsS cmPy-Ønse D∂X

_lp-aXn \¬In At±-lsØ BZ-cn-®n-´p-≠v. 1967-˛¬ At±lw

l÷v I¿Ωhpw \n¿∆-ln-®p. B Ah-k-c-Øn¬ kuZn-`-c-W-

13Fs‚ DΩ

Iq-S-Øns‚ AXn-Yn-bm-bn-´mWv At±lw AhnsS Xma-kn-®-Xv.

Alva-Znøm Pam-A-Øns‚ Ncn-X-Øn¬ At±-l-Øns‚

\maw sh´n-Øn-f-ßp-∂Xpw Fs∂∂pw \ne-\n-ev°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv.

Xs‚ Xnc-°p-]n-Sn® DtZym-K-Øn-∂n-S-bnepw Pam-A-Øns‚

]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ At±lw "Rm≥ aptº' F∂ hnIm-c-tØmsS

]s¶-Sp-Øp. lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ ktµiw `qan-

bpsS A‰-ß-tfmfw FØn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n hfsc \√ ]¶mWv

At±lw hln-®-Xv. At±lw henb Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p.

Cw•o-jnepw D¿Zp-hnepw 18 _rl-ZvKŸw cNn-®n-´p-≠v. Ah-

bn¬ "tacn hmenZ' F∂ KŸw in£-W-]-c-amb \ne-bn¬

t\m°p-tºmƒ kp]-[m-\-amWv. Xs‚ amXm-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈

kw`-h-_-lp-eamb Imcy-ßƒ lrZ-b-kv]r-°mb \ne-bn¬

At±lw AXn¬ ]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. “Islam its Meaning for

Modern Life” F∂ IrXn hniz-]-kn-≤-am-Wv.

k¿°m-cp-tZym-K-Øn¬\n∂pw hnc-an-®-Xn-\p-tijw Alva-

Znøm Pam-A-Øn\v Xqen-Im-tk-h\w sNøp-∂-Xn-\mbn Xs‚

PohnXw At±lw ka¿∏Ww sNbvXp. lZvdØv akolv auDu-

Zv(-A)-t‚bpw Jeo-^-am-cp-tSbpw \nc-h[n KŸ-ßƒ At±lw

Cw•o-jn-te°v ]cn-`m-j-s∏-Sp-Øn. hmKvZØ alvZn ako-lmb

lZvdØv an¿km Kpemw Alva-Zv(-A)s‚ Imew apX¬ ako-

lns‚ aq∂mw Jeo-^-bm-bn-cp∂p lZvdØv an¿km \mkn¿

Alva-Zv(-dlv)s‚ Imew-h-sc-bp≈ Alva-Znøm NcnXw Cw•o-

jn¬ Ia-s∏-SpØn ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®p. hmKvZØ ako-lns‚ ssZh-

sh-fn-]m-Sp-I-fp-tSbpw kz]v\-ß-fp-tSbpw Z¿i-\-ß-fp-tSbpw kam-

lm-c-amb "XZvInd' Cw•o-jn-te°v `mjm-¥cw sNbvXp. CXn-

s\m-s°-∏p-dsa hnip-≤-Jp¿-Bs‚ Cw•ojv ]cn-`m-jbpw

At±lw sNbvXn-´p-≠v. hnh¿Ø\ kmln-Xy-cw-KØv CsX√mw

hen-sbmcp apX¬°q-´m-Wv.

1924-˛¬ thw_se tIm¨^-d≥kn¬h®v hmKvZØ ako-

lns‚ c≠m-a-sØ- J-eo^ lZvdØv an¿km _io-dp-±o≥ alvaqZv

Alva-Zv(-d)s‚ "Alva-Zn-øØv bAv\o lJoJn Ckvemw' F∂

14Fs‚ DΩ

D¿Zp ]_‘w Cw•o-jn¬ X¿Pa sNbvXv At±-l-Øns‚

km∂n-[y-Øn¬ hmbn-®p-tIƒ∏n-®Xv k^vdp-√m-lvJm≥ kmln-

_m-bn-cp-∂p. CXv ]n∂oSv Cw•o-jnepw D¿Zp-hnepw ]kn-≤o-I-

cn-®n-´p-≠v. Alva-Zn-øØv AYhm "bYm¿∞ Ckvemw' F∂

t]cn¬ CXns‚ ae-bmf hnh¿Ø\w e`y-am-Wv. sh¬kv

cm⁄n°v D]-lmcw, tPm¿Zm≥]`p-hn\v D]-lm-cw, cmPm-°-

∑m¿°v D]-lmcw (ssl-Z-cm-_mZv \nkm-ans‚ t]cn¬) XpS-

ßnb lZvdØv an¿km _io-dp-±o≥ alvaq-Z-lva-Zv(-d)s‚ KŸ-

ßfpw At±lw Cw•o-jn¬ ]cn-`m-j-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v.

lZvdØv Nu±co apl-ΩZv k^vdp-√m-lvJm≥ kmln-_v(-d)

92 h¿jhpw Bdp-am-khpw Ccp-]-Øn-aq∂v Znhkhpw Pohn-®p.

\oXn-bn-e-[n-jvTn-Xhpw \njvI-]-Shpw aXm-`n-am-\sØ t]m÷z-

en-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-amb At±-l-Øns‚ A\p-Kr-lo-X-Po-hnXw,

hmKvZØ alvZn akolv lZvdØv an¿km Kpemw Alva-Zv(-A)s‚

Cu ]h-N-\sØ A\z¿∞-am-°p∂p:

""Fs‚ Pam-A-Øn¬s∏-´-h¿ Xß-fpsS kXy-

Øns‚ ]Im-ihpw Xß-fpsS sXfn-hp-Ifpw AS-

bm-f-ß-fpw-sIm≠v kI-e-cp-tSbpw hmb-S-∏n-°pw-

hn[w uXnI hnZym- ym-k-Ønepw Bflo-b-⁄m-\-

Ønepw ]q¿ÆX ssIh-cn-°pw. Hmtcm P\-Xbpw

B Dd-hn¬\n∂v ]m\w sNøpw.'' (X-P-√n-bmsØ

Cem-ln-ø, dqlm\n Jkm-bn≥, hmfyw 20, t]˛409)

k¿∆-i-‡-\mb A√mlp A¬lmPv lZvdØv

Nu±co apl-ΩZv k^vdp-√m-lvJm≥ kmln_v(d)s‚

Bflm-hn\v P∂-Øp¬ ^n¿Zu-kn¬ D∂-X-amb

ÿm\Øv CSw \evIp-am-dm-I-s´.

15Fs‚ DΩ

Fs‚ DΩ

Fs‚ DΩ-bpsS t]cv lpkbv≥ _o_n F∂m-bn-cp-∂p.

DΩ- ]d™IW-°-\p-k-cn®v 1863-˛-em-bn-cp∂p P\-\w. Ah-cpsS

]nXm-hns‚ t]cv Nu±cn Cemlo _Jviv F∂m-bn-cp-∂p. ZmXm-

k-bvZn-em-bn-cp∂p (kn-bm¬t°m´v Pn√) IpSpw-_-ho-Sv. Ah¿

knbm¬t°m v Pn√-bnse Irjn-°mcn¬ Atß-b‰w BZ-c-Wob

P\-hn- mKw F∂v a\- n-em-°-s∏- n-cp∂ _mPvh -hn- m-K-Øn¬s∏-

´h-cm-bn-cp-∂p.

Nu±cn Cemlo _Jviv kmln-_n\v A©v s]Æpw Hcm-

Wp-am-bn-cp∂p a°ƒ. Fs‚ DΩ-bm-bn-cp∂p Ah-cn¬ aqØ-Xv.

ZmXm-kbvZv Alva-Znøm apkvenw Pam-A-Øns‚ Aao-dm-bn-cp∂

Fs‚ amXp-e≥ Nu±co A–p-√mlv Jm≥ kmln_v Xs‚ \mep

ktlm-Z-cn-am-cn¬ Cf-bXpw Hcp ktlm-Z-cn-tb-°mƒ aqØ-Xp-

am-bn-cp-∂p.

amXm-]n-Xm-°-fpsS aqØ-Ip-´n-bm-bn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ Fs‚ DΩ

Ip´n-°mew apXte F√m-h¿°pw hf-sc-b-[nIw Hma-\-bm-bn-cp-

∂p. kt¥m-j-Øn-t‚-Xm-bn-cp∂p A°mesa∂v Ah¿ ]d-bp-

am-bn-cp-∂p. ImcWw Ah-cpsS ]nXm-hns‚ aqØ-k-tlm-Z-c≥

(A-t±-l-am-bn-cp∂p IpSpw-_-Ønse Imc-W-h¿) Ahsc Hcp-

]mSv kvt\ln-°p-Ibpw F√m BK-l-ßfpw \nd-th-‰n-s°m-Sp-

16Fs‚ DΩ

°m≥ ian-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ _mey-

Im-e-Øns‚ Bcw- -Z-i-I-fn¬ Ah-cpsS a\ v Gsd-°psd kzX-

¥-am-bn-cp-∂p. A°me-L´Ønse IpńIfpsS ioe-am-bn-°-gn-

™n-cp∂ hnIm-c-]-I-S-\hpw Ipkr-Xn-Ø-chpw Ah-cnepw

D≠mbn-cp-∂p. AXh-cpsS amXm-hn\v ]e-t∏mgpw _p≤n-ap-ń\p

Imc-W-am-Im-dpap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, kzmX-¥y-Øns‚

A°mew s]s´-∂p-Xs∂ Ah-km-\n-®p-t]m-bn.

Rß-fpsS IpSpw-_-]-c-amb ÿnXnIƒ

sNdp-∏Øn¬Øs∂ DΩ-bpsS hnhm-lw- Fs‚ ]nXm-hmb

Nu±cn \pkz-vdp-√mlv Jm≥ kmln-_p-ambn \S-∂p. Nu±cn kn°-

µ¿ Jm≥ kmln-_m-bn-cp∂p Fs‚ ]nXm-a-l≥. Ukv°bnem-

bn-cp∂p (kn-bm¬t°m´v Pn√-) Rß-fpsS Xd-hm-Sv.- "kmln'

F∂p ]dbs∏Sp∂ hn- m-K-°mcm-Wv Rßƒ. Cu hn`m-K-w A[n-

Ihpw ap≠-Kpwcn F∂ ÿe-ØmWv ]m¿Øn-cp-∂-Xv. ap≠-

KpwcnbpsS ]g-b-t]cv kmlnhm¬ F∂m-W-v. Cu hn`m-K-°m¿°v

GtXm Hcp-Im-e-Øv ]©m-_ns‚ Hcp ]tZ-iØv `c-W-ap-≠m-

bn-cp-∂p. h√mlp AAveap-_n- z-hm_v.

Rß-fpsS IpSpw-_-Øns‚ H∂p-c≠v imJ-Iƒ Ct∏mgpw

lnµp-°-fmWv; a‰p-≈-h¿ kn°p-a-X-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw apkvenw-I-fpw.

Rß-fpsS imJ GI-tZiw 12 Xe-ap-d-bmbn apkvenw-I-fm-Wv.

Fs‚ ]nXm-a-l≥ Nu±cn kn°-µ¿Jm≥ kmln_v Xs‚

]tZ-isØ hf-sc-b-[nIw A[zm-\-io-e-\mb Irjn-°m-c-\m-bn-

cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ ]nXmhv Nu±cn ^Xv-lp-±o≥ kmln_v

XnI®pw bph-Xz-Øn¬ Ime-K-Xn-b-S-™p. At∏mƒ Fs‚ ]nXm-

a-l≥ \t∂Ipń-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ISp-∏tadnb ]c-nÿn-Xn-bn-emWv

At±lw hf¿∂p-h-∂-Xv. ]t£, A√mlp At±-l-Øns‚ a\-

n¬ ZrV-\n-›-bhpw kma¿∞yhpw \nt£-]n-®n-cp-∂p. AXp-

sIm-≠p-Xs∂ Ah-Im-in-I-fpsS FXn¿∏p-I-fpw, KqV-]-≤-Xnbpw

D≠m-bn´pw At±lw Xs‚ Imew Atß-b‰w at\m-l-c-amb

\ne-bn¬ Pohn-®p.

17Fs‚ DΩ

F√m-X-c-Ønepw A‘-Im-c-Øn-t‚bpw Ae-k-X-bp-tS-bpw

Ime-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. ]t£, Cß-s\-bm-bn´pw A√mlp At±-

l-Øn\v ùXn-I-]-c-amb Adn-hn\p ]pdsa Zo\ns‚ D≈-dnhpw

\evIn-bn-cp-∂p. Rm≥ a\- n-em-°n-bn-S-tØmfw At±lw

Alvse lZokv I£n-bp-ambn _‘w-hbv-°pIbpw [¿Ω-

imkvX Iev]-\-Isf IWn-i-X-tbmsS ]men-°p-Ibpw ]men-

∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. _lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-tbmSp At±-l-

Øn\v ]tXyI iXp-X-bm-bn-cp-∂p. F√m-Xcw A\m-Nm-c-ß-

tfbpw ITn-\-ambn shdp-Øn-cp-∂p. ac-W-ho-ńse kvXoI-fpsS

Ae-ap-d-bn- p≈ Ic-®n-ens\ Atß-b‰w tami-ambn ImWp-Ibpw

ITn-\-ambn AXv hne-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-

tfm-Sp≈ At±-l-Øns‚ s]cp-am‰w hn\o-X-am-bn-cp∂psh¶nepw

Kuc-h-X-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Ifpw At±-lsØ BZ-cn-

®n-cp-∂p.

AXnYn k¬°m-chpw AK-Xn-kw-c-£-Whpw At±-l-

Øns‚ ]tXyI kz`m-h-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ipń-°m-eØv hnj-a-I-c-

amb ]cn-Xx-ÿn-Xn-I-fn-eqsS IS-∂p-h∂ Imc-W-Øm¬, kzbw

_p≤n-ap´v kln-t°≠n h∂n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n-epw, AXns‚ kzm[o-

\-sam∂pw AXn-Yn-k¬°m-c-sØ _m[n®n-cp-∂n-√. CimAv \a-

kvI-mc-Øn-\p-tijw \nimhkvXw [cn-®p-sIm≠v At±lw

AXnYn aµn-c-Øn-te°v \nXyhpw t]mIp-Ibpw Hcp `rXy≥

F∂ \ne-bn¬ bmX-°m-tcbpw AXn-Yn-I-tfbpw tkhn-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXpt]m-∂p. Xl-÷pZv \a-kvI-mc-Øn\ptijhpw

AXn-YnIfpsS Imcy-ßƒ t\m°n-\-S-Øp-∂-Xn-\v ]≈n-tbm-Sp-

tN¿∂p≈ AXnYn aµn-c-Øn-te°p t]mIpI ]Xn-hmbn-cp-∂p.

Hcp-Zn-hkw ]`m-X-t\-cØv AXnYnaµncØnse Hcp rXy≥

h∂n-´v, AXn-Yn-a-µn-c-Øn¬ cmXn-I-gn-®p-Iqńb Hcp bmX-°m-

cs\ ImWm-\ns√∂v Adn-bn -®p. Abm-ƒ°p sImSpØ

enlm^pw* ImWp-∂n-√. Imh¬°m-c-t\bpw a‰p c≠p-t]-tcbpw

Abmsf tXSn-∏n-Sn-°m≥ Ab-®n-´p-s≠∂pw Adn-bn-®p. Aev]-

* ]™n \nd® Iń-Iq-Snb ]pX∏v

18Fs‚ DΩ

k-abw Ign™-t∏mƒ Ah¿ B bmX-°m-c-s\ ]nSn®v Fs‚

]nXm-hns‚ apºn¬ sIm≠p-h-∂p. F¥n-\m-Wn-ßs\ sNbvX-

sX∂v Abm-tfmSv At±lw tNmZn-®p. bmX-°mc≥ ]d™p:

""Xncp-ta\n! Ipń-Iƒ Dƒs∏sS Rßƒ \mev t]cmWv hoń-ep-

≈-Xv. ssiXy-Im-e-am-W-t√m. hoń-em-sW-¶n¬ Hcp ]pX-t∏-bp-

≈q.'' CXp-tI-´-t∏mƒ Fs‚ ]nXm-a-l≥ ]d-™p. ""Abmsf

hn´-b-°p-I.'' Aßs\ ]p-X∏pw aq∂p cq]bpw sImSpØv

Abmsf ]d-™-b-®p.

At±-l-Øns‚ AXnYn k¬°m-chpw Zm\-io-ehpw Imc-

W-Øm¬ AhnsS F√mbnSØpw F∂√ Np‰p-]m-Sp≈ Pn√-I-

fnepw P\-ßƒ At±-l-Øns‚ t]cv _lp-am-\-tØm-Spw -B-Z-

cthmSpw IqSn ]d-bm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

Fs‚ DΩ-bpsS IpSpw-_hpw Rß-fpsS IpSpw-_-hpw aptº

Xs∂ _‘p-°-fm-bn-cp-∂p. Fs‚ ]nXm-a-ln-bmb ]\m-lv_o_n

(C-h-cpsS J_v¿ _nln-ivXn-a-Jv_-d-bn-em-Wv) Fs‚ DΩ-bpsS

]nXr-k-tlm-Z-cnbpw C]-Im-cw-Xs∂ Fs‚ amXm-a-l≥ Fs‚

]nXm-hns‚ t\sc amXp-e-\pam-bn-cp∂p. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂

Fs‚ ]nXmhv Xs‚ _meyIm-e-Øns‚ A[n-I-`m-Khpw Xs‚

amXm-a-ls‚ hoń-emWv Ign-®p-Iq-ń-b-Xv. Fs‚ ]nXm-hns‚

AΩm-bnbpwIqSn-bmWv Fs‚ amXm-a-ln. Fs‚ ]nXm-hns\

Ah¿ Hcp-]mSv kvt\ln-®n-cp-∂p. AhcpsS PohnXmh-km-\-w-

hsc Fs‚ ]nXm-hns\ ImWm≥ Ah-kcap≠m-Ip-tºm-sgms°

Hcp-]m-Sp-t\cw Ah¿ kwkm-cn-®n-cn-°mdp≠mbncp∂p.

Fs‚ amXm-aln Atß-b‰w `‡bpw kzmfl-]-cn-Xym-

Kn\nbpw £am-io-ebpw ss[cy-h-Xn-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Kma-ß-fn¬

kvXoI-fpsS hnZym-`ymk Imcy-Øn-te°v H´pw i≤n-°m-Xn-cp-

∂ A°m-eØv Ah-cpsS ]nXm-hv \n-b-a-]-c-ambn Ahsc

sshZyw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ G¿∏m-Sp-≠m-°n. sshZy-Øn¬

hfsc \√ ss\]pWyw t\Snbn-cp∂p. Ah-cpsS in£W-Øns‚

ê-am-bn-´v Fs‚ DΩ sshZyw ]Tn-®n-ń-s√-¶n¬Øs∂ s]mXp-

sh-bp≈ tcmK-ßƒ°v \m´p-\-S-∏-\p-k-cn-®p≈ ipiq-j-Iƒ

19Fs‚ DΩ

sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Kpcp-X-cm-h-ÿ-bn-ep≈ tcmKn-Iƒ°p-t]mepw

acp∂p ]d-™p-sIm-Sp-°m≥ ss[cyw ImWn-®n-cp-∂p. A√mlp

Xs‚ Icp-W-bm¬ tcmKn°v kpJhpw ]Zm\w sNbvXn-cp-∂p.

DΩ-bpsS hnhmlw

Rß-fpsS DΩ-bpsS ho´p-Im¿ Gsd-°psd C°m-eØv \√

kmº-Øn-I-ÿn-Xn-bnepw Rß-fpsS hoSv kmº-ØnI sRcp-

°-Øn-ep-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v Rm≥ ]d-™p-hs√m. \n°mlv \S-

°p∂ ImeØv Fs‚ amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ Ipń-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p. Ipd-

®p-h¿j-ßƒ°p-ti-j-amWv hoSp-Iq-S¬ \S-∂-Xv. Fs‚ DΩ

`¿Xr-Kr-l-Øn¬ hc-hp-t]m°p XpS-ßn-b-t∏mƒ, Fs‚ ]nXmhv

emtlm¿ Hmdn-b‚¬ tImtf-Pn¬ hnZym¿∞nbm-bn-cp-∂p. A°m-

esØ kmaq-ln-I-Po-hn-X-a-\p-k-cn®v Fs‚ DΩmbv°v Xs‚ apgp-

h≥ ka-bhpw Fs‚ ]nXm-a-ln-bpsS \n¿t±-i-ßƒ°p hnt[-

b-bmbn Ign-tb-≠n-h-∂p. Ah¿ ASp-Ø-_-‘p-°-fm-bn-cp-∂p-

sh-∂Xv icn-X-s∂. ]t£, C°m-e-L´w Fs‚ DΩmbv°v Zp-

cnX-ta-dn-b-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Fs‚ DΩ Ipń-°mew apXte hfsc

e÷m-ep-hm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-cpsS Btcm-Kyhpw \√-Xm-bn-cp-∂n-

√. AXp-sIm≠v `¿Xr-Kr-l-Ønse Xmakw Ah¿°v IqSp-X¬

_p≤n-ap-´p-≈-Xm-bn-Øo¿∂p. hnZym¿∞n-bmb Imc-W-Øm¬

]nXm-hn\v hfsc Ipd-®p-am-Xsa hoń¬ Xma-kn-°m≥ Ah-kcw

D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. At±-l-Øn¬\n-∂p≈ AI¬® DΩmbv°v

Ak-ly-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, CsX√mw Ah¿°v \n»-–-X-tbmsS

kln-t°-≠n-h-∂p. Fs‚ ]nXm-a-l≥ Ah-tcmSv hfsc hm’-

ey-tØmSpw kl-Xm-]-tØm-Spw-IqSnbmWv s]cp-am-dn-bn-cp-∂Xv.

]t£, Hcp-X-c-Øn-ep≈ _p≤n-ap´pw At±-l-tØmSp ]d-bm≥

DΩ Iq´m-°n-bn-√.

]nXm-hns‚ Nne Ah-ÿ-Iƒ

Fs‚ ]nXm-hns‚ kz`mhw hfsc arZp-ehpw e÷m-\zn-X-

hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. \mWw-sIm≠v ]nXm-hn-s‚-b-Sp-°¬ t]mIp-am-bn-

cp-∂n-√. At±lw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp∂p: ""Rms\s‚ ]nXm-hp-ambn

Hcn-°epw aSn-Iq-SmsX kwkm-cn-®n-ń-√, hb-dp-\n-dsb At±-l-

20Fs‚ DΩ

Øns‚ cq]w I≠n-´p-an-√.''

Hcn-°¬ GtXm hnti-j-]-cn-]m-Sn-bn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°m-\mbn

Fs‚ ]nXm-a-l≥ At±-l-Øn-t\mSv emtlm-dn¬\n∂p hcm≥

IsØ-gp-Xn. ]nXmhv adp-]Sn FgpXn: "Ct∏m-gp≈ hchv Fs‚

]Tn-ØsØ _m[n-°pw. C\n F\n°v ASpØ Ah-[n-°m-esØ

hcm≥ ]‰p-I-bp-≈q.' Ah-[n-°m-eØv At±lw hoń¬ h∂-

t∏mƒ At±-l-Øns‚ ]nXmhv At±-l-Øns‚ DΩ-tbmSp

]d™p: ""Ct∏mƒ Bcp hnfn-®n´mWv h∂Xv?''

]nXmhpw B tNmZyw tI´p. Aßs\ AXv At±-l-Øn\v

\mń¬\n∂v DSs\ Xncn-®p-t]m-Im≥ Ah-kcsamcp°n. At±lw

Xs‚ km[-\-ßƒ sI´p-Ibpw Xncn®v emtlm-dn-te°v ]pd-s∏-

Sp-I-bpw -sN-bvXp. Bh-iy-Øn-\p≈ hgn-s®ehpw ssIbn-ep-≠m-

bn-cp-∂n-√. UkvI-bn¬\n∂v tKmP-d≥hme hsc-bp≈ 15 ssa¬

Zqcw km[-\-ßƒ Xe-bn-te‰n \S-∂p. tKmP-d≥hme apX¬

iml-Z-c-hsc Xoh-≠n-bn¬ bmX-sN-bvXp. ]n∂oSv imlvZ-c-

bn¬\n∂v km[\w Xe-bn-te‰n lpkq-cn-_m-Kn-se-Øn. Ahn-

sS-bmWv A∂m-fp-I-fn¬ Hmdn-b‚¬ tImtf-Pns‚ tlmÃ¬

]h¿Øn-®-ncp∂Xv. Ah-[n-°m-ehpw emtlm-dn¬Øs∂ Ign-

®p-Iq-ń. ]nXmhpw ]pX\pw Ah-c-h-cpsS kz`mhw \√-hÆw

ImWn-®-t∏mƒ Fs‚ DΩ-bpsS a\- n-ep-≠mb thZ\, AX

\p-`-hn-®n-´p-≈-h¿°p amXta a\- n-em-Ip-I-bp-≈q.

Fs‚ ]nXmhv ]d-bm-dp-≠m-bn-cp∂p: ""]Tn-°m-\p≈ F√m

kuI-cy-ßfpw D≠m-bn´pw \nßƒ ]e--X-c-Øn-ep≈ the-I-

fnd°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-IbmWv. Rß-fpsS ImeØv ITn-\-amb

_p≤n-ap- p-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p. H∂m-a-Xm-bn, sNe-hp-Iƒ \S-∂n-cp-∂Xv

hfsc sRcp-°-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p. Rm≥ Btdgv sIm√-°mew

emtlm-dn¬ hnZym¿∞n-bmbn Ign-®p-Iq-´p-Ibpw BOL ]co£

]mkm-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn-\p-tijw ap‡n-bm¿ ]co-£bpw

h°m-eØpw ]m m-bn. C°m-e-sØm∂pw hoń¬\n∂pw Hcp

ss]kbpw hmßn-bn-cp-∂n-√. Inńb ssÃ∏‚p-sIm-≠mWv Pohn-

®n-cp-∂-Xv. hoń¬\n∂v B´ amXta sIm≠p-t]m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q.

21Fs‚ DΩ

AXpw FX-am-X-sa-∂p-sh-®m¬, emtlm-dnse CXbpw ImesØ

Pohn-X-Øn-∂n-S-bn¬ Hcn-°¬t]mepw hb-dp-\n-dsb `£Ww

Ign-®n- n-√. XpS-°-Øn¬ ssÃ∏‚ v amkw \mepcq]-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

]n∂oSv AXv Bdpw F´pw Bbn. \nb-a-K-Ÿ-ßƒ an°Xpw

Cw•o-jn-em-bn-cp-∂p. Cw•ojv Adn-bmØ hnZym¿∞nIƒ hfsc

_p≤n-ap-ń-bn-cp-∂p. ImcWw \nc-h-[n- K-Ÿ-ß-fpsS X¿Pa e`n-

®n-cp-∂n-√. tImgvkn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ Hcp KŸ-Øns‚ D¿Zp-]-cn-

`mj e`n-°mØ Imc-W-Øm¬ B KŸsØ A[n-I-cn®v Hcp

]_‘w Xøm-dm-°p-∂-Xn-∂mbn lkzm-dp-Im-c-\mb Hcp h°o-

ens‚ ta¬t\m-´-Øn¬ emem- e-Pv]Xvdmbn-bpsS IqsS Hcn-

°¬ Rm≥ lkzm-dn-te°v t]mbn. A∂m-fp-I-fn¬ lkzm¿hsc

sdbn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. bmX A[n-Ihpw IpXn-c-h-≠n-bn-tem,

Imf-h-≠n-bntem sNø-W-am-bn-cp-∂p.'' AØcw _p≤n-ap-´p-

Isfms° D≠m-bn´pw ]nXmhv ap‡n-bm¿ h°m-eØp ]co-£-

bn¬ H∂mwÿm\w Icÿ-am-°n. CXns‚ ê-ambn sh≈n-]-

X-°hpw kz¿Æ-]-X-°hpw kΩm-\w -t\-Sn.

h°m-eØv ]co£ ]mkm-Ip-∂-Xn\paptº ]nXmhv ap‡n-

bm¿ F∂ \ne-bn¬ Ukv°-bn¬ ]mŒokv Bcw-`n-®n-cp-∂p.

F∂m¬, h°m-e-Øp-]-co£ ]mkm-b-Xn-\p-tijw At±lw

knbm¬t°m-ń¬ ]mŒokv XpS-ßp-Ibpw Ahn-sS- Xma-k-am-

°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

a°-fpsS ac-Whpw DΩ-bpsS kl-\hpw

Fs‚ P\-\-Øn-\p-aptº Fs‚ amXm-]n-Xm-°-fpsS A©p

IpńIƒ- ac-W-s∏- n-cp-∂p. Ah-cn¬ BZysØ aq∂v Ipń-IfpsS

P\-\hpw ac-Whpw Fs‚ ]nXm-hns‚ hnZym-`ymkIme-Øm--

Wp-≠m-b-Xv; Ah-km-\sØ c≠p-Ip- n-Iƒ At±-l-Øns‚ ap‡n-

bm-¿, h°m-e-Øv Ime-Øpw. Ah-cn¬ Hmtcm Ipń-bp-tSbpw

acWw Fs‚ DΩmbv°v Hmtcm ]co-£-W-am-bn-Øo¿∂n-cp-∂p.

AXn-eqsS Ah-cpsS Cuam≥ ]q¿Æ-ambpw ]co-£n-°-s∏-´p.

]t£, Ah¿ A√mlp-hns‚ A\p-K-lhpw Ahs‚ Icp-W-

bpw-sIm≠v Hmtcm L´-Ønepw ASn-bp-d-®p-\n-∂p. Hcn-°epw

22Fs‚ DΩ

Ah-cpsS NphSv kXy-am¿§-Øn¬\n∂p hyXn-N-en-®n-√. B kw -

h-ß-fpsS hnh-cWw hfsc Zo¿Lam-Wv. c≠p-aq∂v kw`-hw

DZm-l-c-W-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ Npcp-°n-hn-h-c-n°mw. Chbn¬\n∂v

DΩm-bv°p-≠mb ]co-£-W-Øns‚ C\hpw AhcpsS kXy-k-

‘-X-bp -tSbpw hnizm -k-Ønt‚bpw -hni-Zo -I -c -Whpw

e`n°p∂XmWv.-

Rß-fpsS G‰hpw aqØktlm-Z-cs‚ t]cpw k^v¿- F-

∂m-bn-cp-∂p. F√m Ip´n-I-fn-epw k -vdn-t\bpw d^o-Jn-t\bpambn-

cp∂p DΩ Atß-b‰w kvt\l-tØm-SpIqSn kvacn-°m-dp-≠m-bn-

cp-∂Xv. Ah-cpsS at\m-l-c-amb cq]-ssh-in„ysØ-°p-dn®v

hfsc kvXpXn®p ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. -k- -dn\v Ipd-®p-amkw ]mb-

ta-bm-bn-´p-≈q, DΩmbv°v ZmXm-k-bvZn-te°v t]mtI-≠-Xmbn

h∂p. Ah-cpsS Kma-Øn¬ PbtZhn F∂p t]cp≈ Hcp hn[-

h-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ahsf Bfp-Iƒ b£n-sb∂pw Zp¿a¥-hm-

Zn-\n-sb∂pw ]d-™p-]-N-cn-∏n-®ncp∂p. Ahfpw AXn¬\n∂v

apX-se-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. B Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Ahƒ DΩsb

ImWm-\mbn h∂p. k^v-d-n¬\n∂v F√m tZmj-ßfpw \oßn--

t∏m-Ip-∂-Xn-∂mbn X\n°v Ipd®p hkvX-ßfpw Ipd®p [m\y-

ßfpw Xc-W-sa∂v Ahƒ Bhiys∏´p.

AXp tI´-t∏mƒ DΩ ]d™p: ""\nßƒ Hcp ]mh-s∏´

hn[-h-bm-Wv. \nßƒ kZ-Jtbm Zm\tam Bbn´v Fs¥-¶nepw

Bh-iy-s∏-´m¬ Rms\s‚ Ign-hn-∂-\p-k-cn®v kt¥m-j-tØm-

sS \nßƒ°v Xcm≥ Xømdm-Wv. ]t£, Rm≥ b£n-bn-epw,

Zp¿a-¥-hm-Zn-\nIfnepw hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-f-√. Rm≥ A√m-lp-

hns\ amX-amWv P\-\-Øn-t‚-bpw- a-c-W-Øn-t‚bpw A[n-Im-cn-

bmbn hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xv. B Imcy-ß-fn¬ a‰m¿s°-¶nepw Fs¥-

¶nepw Ah-Im-i-ap-s≠∂v Rm≥ hniz-kn-°p-∂n-√. AØcw Imcy-

ßsf _lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-bm-bn-´mWv Rm≥ a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xv.

Rm≥ Ahsb shdp-°p-∂p. CXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ \n\°v

H∂pw Xcm≥ Rm≥ Xøm-d-√.''

Pb-tZhn adp-]-Sn ]d-™p: ""A-Xpicn, \nßƒ Nn¥n-°p-I.

23Fs‚ DΩ

Ipń-bpsS Poh≥ thW-sa∂mKln-°p-s∂-¶n¬ Fs‚ Bhiyw

\nßƒ°p \nd-th-t‰-≠-Xm-bn-Øs∂ hcpw.''

Ipd-®p-Zn-hkw Ign™v DΩ, k^-vdns\ Ipfn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-

cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ho≠pw Pb-tZhn h∂p. Ipńsb Nq≠n-

s°m≠v ]d-™p. "Hmtlm, Ch\mWv cmP-Ip-am-c-\t√?' DΩ

adp-]Sn ]d™p: "AtX, Ch≥ Xs∂.' Pb-tZhn ho≠pw BZyw

tNmZn® hkvXp-°ƒ Bh-iy-s∏´p. DΩ ho≠pw BZyw sImSpØ

AtX adp-]Sn \evIn. At∏mƒ Pb-tZhn Ipd®p tcmj-tØmsS

]d™p: "Ipń-tb-bpw-sIm≠v Poh-t\msS hoń-te°v aS-ßn-t∏m-

Ip-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, Rm≥ ]d-™Xv If-hm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v Icp-Xn-

s°m-≈p-I.' AXn\v DΩ Cßs\ adp-]Sn sImSp-Øp. "A√m-lp-

hns‚ C„w-t]mse amXsa \S-°p-I-bp-≈q.'

DΩ ]d-bm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p: ""Pb-tZhn sKbn‰ns‚ ASp°¬

FØn-b-Xp-t]m-ep-an-√, Ipfn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ k^v¿ tNmc

O¿±n-®p. tNmc- hnk¿÷n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ipd®p an\n-‰p-

Iƒ°p≈n¬ Ipń-bpsS Ahÿ Kpcp-X-c-am-Ip-Ibpw Aev]aWn-

°q-dp-Iƒ°p-tijw acn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.''* DΩ A√m-lp-hns‚

Xncp-k-∂n-[n-bn¬ At]-£n-®p: ""A√m-lp-th, \o Xs∂-bmWv

X∂n-cp-∂-Xv, \o Xs∂ Xncn-s®-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. \ns‚

Xr]vXn-bn¬ Rm≥ \µn-bp-≈-h-fm-Wv. C\n \o Xs∂ F\n°p

£an-°m-\p≈ i‡n \evIn-bm-epw.'' AXn-\p-tijw Ah¿ iq\y-

amb aSn-Ø-´p-ambn Ukv°-bn-te°p Xncn-®p-t]m-∂p.

Ipd-®p-\m-fp-Iƒ°p-tijw dôJv P\n-®p. k^vdn-t\-°mƒ

]nb-¶c\pw kpµ-c-\pambn-cp∂p Ah≥. Fs‚ ]nXm-a-l≥ DΩ-

tbmSp ]d-™p: "Ipń HmSn\-S-°m\pw, thdn- p-\n-ev°m\pw ]m]vX-

\m-Ip-∂-Xp-hsc \ns∂ Rm≥ ZmXm-k-bvZn¬ t]mIm≥ hnSn-√.'

*A√mlpXBe Xs‚ C„-Zm-ksc ]e-co-Xn-bnepw ]co-£n-°m-dp-≠v. Ah-cpsS B¥-cn-Im-hÿ shfn-bn¬ sIm≠p-h-cp-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n-bm-Wn-Xv. Ch-nsSPb-tZ-hnsb Hcp \nan-Ø-am-°n-sb-t∂-bp-≈q. A√msX Pb-tZ-hn°v Fs¥-¶nepw a\p-jym-Xo-X-amb Ign-hp-s≠-∂-√. Ah¿°v Hcp kn≤n-bp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-s√∂v Ah-cpsS Zmcp-W-amb A¥y-Øn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-Ip-∂p-≠v. hnh:

24Fs‚ DΩ

dô-Jn\v GI-tZiw c≠p-h-b- m-bn. DΩ C°m-eØv

Ukv°-bn¬ X-s∂-bmWv \n∂n-cp-∂-Xv. Aß-s\-bn-cns° Ah-

cpsS hoń¬ Btcm acn-°p-Ibpw ZmXm-k-bvZn¬ t]mtI≠

\n¿_‘ L´w D≠m-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fs‚ ]nXm-a-l≥ Hcm-

gvNtbm, ]Øp-Zn-h-ktam AhnsS \nev°m≥ A\p-hmZw sImSp-

Øp. F∂-√, dô-Jns\ sIm≠p-t]m-tI≠, Ahs\ Ukv°-

bn¬ \ndp-Øns°m≈m≥ BZyta ]d-bpIbpw sNbvXn-cp∂p.

]t£, AXv DΩmbv°v kΩ-X-am-bn-√.

ZmXm-k-bv-Zn-seØn Hs∂m-∂c Znhkw Ign-™-t∏mƒ ho≠pw

Pb-tZhn h∂p. Ahƒ Xs‚ ]gb Bhiyw Bh¿Øn-®p. DΩ

ho≠pw BZyw sImSpØncp∂ AtX adp-]-Sn- sImSp-Øp. B

Ah-k-c-Øn¬ "CXX henb Imcy-sam-∂p-a-√t√m, Ipd®p cq]-

bpsS ]iv\-a-t√-bp-≈q. Ah-sc-¥mtWm tNmZn-°p-∂Xv AX-

hƒ°v sImSp-tØ-°p-I. C\n \n\°v Fs¥-¶nepw hnj-a-ap-

s≠-¶n¬ Rßƒ sImSp-Øp-sIm-≈mw' F∂p ]d™v Fs‚

amXm-a-l\pw \n¿_‘w ]nSn-®p. DΩ ]d-™p: ""CXv Ipd®v

cq]-bpsS ]iv\-a-√. CsXs‚ Cuam-\ns‚˛hn-izm-k-Øn-s‚ ]co-

£-W-am-Wv. Fs‚ Ipń-bpsS Poh-\n-cn-°p-∂Xv Cu kvXobpsS

ssIbn-em-sW∂v Rm≥ hnizkn°tWm? CXv hy‡-amb _lp-

ssZ-hm-cm-[-\bm-Wv. Fs‚ Ipńbv°v A√mlp PohnXw \evIp-

I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah≥ Pohn-°pw. C\n A√mlp Ah\v PohnXw

\evIp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ as‰m-cmƒ°pw PohnXw \evIm≥ km[y-a-√.

Ipń Pohn-°-s´, Pohn-°m-Xn-cn-°s´ Fs‚ Cuam-\ns\ Rm≥

kwi-b-Øn-sem-cn-°epam°p-I-bn-√.''

c≠p-\mep Znh-k-Øn-\p-tijw Ah-cpsS Kma-Ønse Hcp

kvXoh∂v Xs‚ Ipń-bpsS Icƒ Pb-tZhn ]dn-s®-Sp-Øp-sh∂pw

Bcpw AXn-s\-°p-dn®v Ah-tfmSv tNmZn-®ns√∂pw GsX¶nepw

]W-°mc-t\mSmWv Ahƒ Cßs\ sNbvXn-cp-∂sX-¶n¬

Abmƒ Ahsf A]-am-\n®v Kma-Øn¬\n∂v ]pd-Øm-°p-am-bn-

cp∂p-sh∂pw ]cm-Xn-s∏-Sp-∂-Xmbn DΩ kz]v\-Øn¬ I-≠p.

Ah¿°v kz]v\-Øn¬Øs∂ Cßs\ adp-]Sn \evIn: "ac-

25Fs‚ DΩ

Whpw Pohn-Xhpw A√m-lp-hns‚ \nb-¥-W-Øn-em-Wv. Pb-tZ-

hn-bp-am-bn´v AXn\v Hcp _‘-hp-an-√. Fs‚ Ipń-tbmSpw ]Xy-

£-Øn¬t\m°n-bm¬ Aß-s\-bp≈ kw`-h-amWv D≠m-bn-´p-

≈-Xv. ]t£, \mw Pb-tZ-hnsb H∂pw ]d-™n-√.'

DΩ ]d-bm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p, ""Rm\nXp ]d-™-tX-bp-≈q, Hcp-

`m-K-Øp≈ GtXm P\¬ Xp-d°-s∏- -Xmbn Rm≥ kz]v\-Øn¬

I≠p. AXn-eqsS Pb-tZ-hn-bpsS apJhpw I≠p. Ft∂mSp Pb-

tZhn ]d™p: "C]m-h-iyhpw Ipńsb Poh-t\msS sIm≠p-

t]m-Ip-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Rm≥ JXn-bpsS aI-f-√, tXmń-bpsS aI-

fm-sW∂v ]d-™p-sIm-≈p-I.'

`bw-sIm≠v DΩ-bpsS IÆv Xpd-∂p. hnf-°-W-™n-cn-°p-

∂-Xmbn I≠p. Xm\p-d-ßp∂ apdn-bn¬ shfn®w hbv°pI

F∂Xv DΩ-bpsS \n¿_-‘-io-e-am-bn-cp-∂p. Pb-tZ-hnsb kz]v\-

Øn¬ I≠v DW-cp-tºm-sg√mw apdn Ft∏mgpw Ccp-ń-em-Ip-am-

bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v DΩ ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Aßs\ DΩ AtX-ap-dn-

bn¬ Dd-ßp-I-bm-bn-cp∂ DΩq-Ωmsb hnfn-®p. Ah¿ hnf°p

sXfn-®p. apdn-bn¬ shfn®w ]c-∂-tXmsS dôJv c‡w O¿±n®v

InS-°p-∂-XmWv I≠-Xv. AXn-t\m-sSm∏w c‡w hnk¿÷n-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. ]IpXn acn-®-Xp-t]mse tXm∂n. DΩ

h√msX ]cn-`-an-®p. ImcWw Ahs‚ ]nXm-a-l≥ Ahs\

sIm≠p-h-cm≥ A\p-h-Zn-®X√. k^vdns\t]mse Ch\pw

ChnsS acn-®m¬ X\n°p ]ns∂ Ukv°-bn¬ Hcp ÿm\-ap-

≠m-Ip-I-bn√ F∂ hnNm-c-am-bn-cp∂p DΩm-bv°v.

FX-bpw-thKw h≠n-bv°p≈ G¿∏mSv sNøm\pw Xm

\pSs\ Ipń-tb-bpw-sIm≠v Ukv°-bn-te°v t]mIp-I-bm-sW∂pw

]d™v Ah¿ \n¿_‘w]nSn-®p. CS-b-ØmgØns‚ ka-b-am-

bn-cp-∂p AXv. c≠p IpXnch≠n°p≈ G¿∏mSp sNbvXp.

DΩbpw DΩq-Ωbpw c≠p `rXy-∑mcpw tN¿∂v B ÿnXn-bn¬

dô-Jns\bpsaSpØv ZmXm-k-bvZn¬\n∂v ]pd-s∏-´p.

Ipd-®p-sh-fn®w hoim≥ XpS-ßn-b-t∏mƒ dô-Jv XnI®pw

26Fs‚ DΩ

arX-]cph-Øn-em-bn-s°m≠ncn-°p-∂-Xv DΩ I≠p. ]Xy-£-

Øn¬ Pohs‚ e£-W-sam∂pw Ah-ti-jn®nń-√. DΩ ]d-bp∂p:

""Ahs‚ acWw h∂pIgn-™n-cn-°p∂p-sh∂v Rm≥ a\ n-em-

°n. ]t£, At∏mgpw A√mlp hn[nsb am‰m≥ Ign-hp-≈-h-

\m-sW∂ ZrV-hn-izmkw F\n-°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Aßs\ Rm≥

IpXn-c-bpsS ISn-™m¨ AXns‚ Igp-Øn¬ C´p-sIm≠v c≠p-

ssI-bp-ap-b¿Øn ZpB sNøm≥ XpS-ßn. "A√m-lp-th, Cu Ipń-

bpsS Pohs\°pdn-®p≈ Nn¥-b√ F\n-°p-≈-sX∂v \n\-°-dn-

bmw. Chs\ hnfn-®p-sIm-≠p-t]m-Im\mWv \o BK-ln-°p∂-

sX-¶n¬ Rm≥ \ns‚ C„w kt¥m-j-tØmsS kzoI-cn-°p-∂p.

]t£, F\n°v Fs‚ `mhn-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ Nn¥-bm-Wv. C∂v

Cu Ipń acn-°p-I-bm-sW¶n¬ Ukv°-bn¬ F\n°v Hcp

ÿm\hpw D≠m-Ip-I-bn-√. Imcp-Wy-hm-∑m-cn¬ Imcp-Wy-hm-\m-

bp-≈-ht\! Pohn-X-Øn-t‚bpw ac-W-Øn-t‚bpw A[n-Imcn \o

Xs∂-bm-Wv. Fs‚ hnem]w \o tI´m-epw, Ahs‚ D∏q∏

Ahs\ Nncn®pw Ifn®pw ImWp-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n, ]Øp Znh-k-

tØ-°p-IqSn Ah\v Ah[n \evIn-bm-epw. ]Øp Znh-k-Øn-\p-

tijw \o Ahs\ hnfn-®psIm-≠p-t]m-bm¬ Rm≥ Ahs‚

ac-W-Øn¬ "sO' F∂p-t]mepw ]d-bn-√.'

]d™p: ""Rms\X t\cw Cßs\ ]m¿∞n®p Fs∂-\n-

°-dn-bn-√. ]t£, Rm≥ ]m¿∞n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ dôJv

Fs‚ X´w ]nSn-®p-h-en-®p. Btcm-Ky-I-c-amb i–-Øn¬ "t_,

t_' F∂p hnfn-®p. ]q¿Æ Btcm-Ky-hm-\mbn Fs‚ aSn-bn¬

Ah≥ Ifn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-XmWv Rm≥ I≠-Xv. Fs‚

A√mlp Fs‚ ]m¿∞\ tI´p-sh∂v F\n°v ZrV-hn-izm-k-

am-bn. Ah-t\m-Sp≈ \µn-bm¬ Fs‚ a\ v \nd-™p.''

Ukv°-bn¬ FØn-bt∏mƒ, ]d-™-Xn-s\-°mƒ aptº

Ah¿ Xncn-®p-h-∂Xn¬ Fs‚ ]nXm-a-l≥ hfsc kt¥m-jn-

®p. sIm®p-aIs\ aSn-bn-en-cp-Øn- DΩsh®p. Nncn-®p-Nn-cn-®p- Ah-

t\mSv kwkm-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. Aßs\ Znhkw IS-∂p-t]m-bn.

DΩ ]d™p: ""D∏q-∏bpw sIm®p-aI\pw kt¥m-jn-°p-∂-

27Fs‚ DΩ

Xp-I-≠n-´v dô-J-√, CXv A√m-lp-hns‚ JpZvd-ØmWv (i-‡-

]-`m-hw) Nncn-°p-Ibpw ]p©n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-sX∂v a\-

n-em°n Rm\pw ]p©n-cn-®n-cp-∂p. dôJv F¥m-bmepw A√m-

lp-hn-\p≈ ImgvN-Z-hy-am-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Aßs\ IrXyw ]Øp-

Zn-hkw ]q¿Øn-bm-b-t∏mƒ Ifn-®p-sIm-≠n-cns° ZmXm-k-bvZn¬

sh®p-≠mb AtX-b-hÿ dô-Jns\ _m[n-®p. Ipd®p aWn-°q-

dp-Iƒ°p-≈n¬ Ah≥ Xs‚ bP-am-\-s‚-b-Sp-°-te-°v t]m-Ip-

Ibpw sNbvXp.'' Fs‚ DΩ-bpsS aSn-Ø v ho≠pw iq\y-am-bn.

]t£, F∂n- pw- A-h¿ hfsc kt¥m-j-tØmsS A√m-lp-hns‚

C„sØ kzoI-cn-®p. ZpxJn-X-bmb Hcp-hfpsS hnem-]-Øn-epw,

Ah-fpsS Ah-ÿ-bnepw IcpWsNmcn-bp-Ibpw Ah-fpsS

`mhnsb ImØpc£n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXXv \o Xs∂ F∂p ]d-

™v A√m-lp-hn\v ipIv¿ sNøp-I-bpw sNbv-Xp.

Fs‚ P\\w

1893 s^_p-hcn 6˛mw XnbXn knbm¬t°m- n¬ Rm≥ P\n-

®p. CXns‚ Xte∂v cmXn DΩ ho≠pw Pb-tZ-hnsb kz]v\w

I≠p. C∂ka-bØv BÏp™v ]nd-°p-sa∂pw Ahƒ Ah-

tcmSp ]d-™p. AXn-t\m-sSm∏w Cß-t\bpw \n¿t±-in®p: ""ap≥I-

cp-X-se-t∂mWw NneXv sNtø≠Xv \n¿∫-‘-am-Wv. Ipń -]n-d-

∂m-ep-S≥ aq°p-Ip-Øp-Ibpw AXn¬ H´-I-tcmaw CSp-Ibpw

thWw. c≠m-a-Xmbn amhpw s\øpw a™fpw tN¿Øv Hcp Zo]-

ap-≠m°n \msf-cmXn \ns‚ hońs‚ G‰hpw apI-fn-esØ \ne-

bnse ]cp¥v h∂n-cn-°m-dp≈ Xńs‚ tImWn¬ sXfn-°-Ww.''

Cu kz]v\w Fs‚ D∏-tbmSv DΩ- ]d™p. kz]v\-Øn¬

]d-b-s∏´ IrXy-k-a-b-Øp- Rm≥ P\n®p. DΩ ]d-bp-am-bn-cp∂p:

""\ns‚ ]nXr-k-tlm-Z-cn-bmb ap_m-dIv _o_n sNdn-sbmcp ]mX-

Øn¬ Hcp kqNn FSp-Øp-sh-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv Rm≥ I≠p. AXn¬

\qen\p ]Icw Hcp tcmaw Cń-cp-∂p. CsX-¥m-sW∂v Rm≥

tNmZn-®t∏mƒ Ah¿ ]d™p: ""\o I≠ kz]v\a\p-k-cn®v Ipń-

bpsS aq°p-IpØn H´-I-tcmaw CSm≥ F√mw Hcp-°n-sh-®n-cn-

°p-I-bm-Wv.'' DΩ ]d™p: ""CXp sNøm≥ Rms\m-cn-°epw

28Fs‚ DΩ

kΩ-Xn-°n-√. Fs‚ ]nXr-k-tlm-Zcn ]d™p: ""kz]v\-Øn¬

]d-b-s∏-´-Xp-t]m-se sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Ipg-∏-sam-∂p-an-s√∂v

ktlm-Z-c≥ (Fs‚ ]nXm-hv) ]d™n´p≠v. amhpw s\øpw

a™fpw tN¿Øv Hcp Zo]hpw D≠m-°n-bn-´p-≠v.'' DΩ ]d™p:

""CsX√mw _lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[\m]-c-amb Imcy-ß-fm-Wv. Rms\m-

cn-°epw CXv A\p-hZn-°n-√. Fs‚ Ipńbv°v A√mlp Bbp-

p-sIm-Sp-Øm¬ Ah≥ Pohn-°pw. Fs‚ Cuam≥ Rms\m-cn-

°epw \„-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bn-√.'' Aßs\ H´-I-tcm-ahpw Zo]hpw

hen-s®-dn-b-s∏- p. Fs‚ DΩ ssZhm-\p-K-l-Øm¬ Xs‚ Cuam≥

ho≠pw kpc-£n-X-am-°n-sh-®p.

Pb-tZhn Zo¿L-Imew Pohn-®p. ]t£, ]mh-Øns‚ PohnXw

Zpcn-X-ß-tfm-sS-bmWv Ign-™Xv. Bfp-Iƒ b£n F∂p ]d™p

Ip]-kn-≤-bm-°n-bn-cp-∂Xp-sIm≠v an°-hcpw shdp-t∏m-Sp-Iq-Sn-

bmWv Ahsc I≠n-cp-∂-Xv. hr≤-bm-b-t∏mƒ Ign-°m-\p-w IpSn-

°m\psams° a‰p-≈-hsc Bi-bn-t°-≠n-h-∂p. Bcpw Ah-cp-

sS-b-Sp-°¬ t]mIm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ah-km\w tcmKw _m[n®v

InS-°p-tºmƒ sh≈w sImSp-°m≥t]mepw Bcpw D≠mbn-cp-

∂n-√. Ah¿ Iptd-\mƒ hfsc _p≤n-ap-ńepw hnj-a-Ønepw

InS-∂p. Ah-km\w £a-sI-´v, Xs‚ Iń-en\v XosIm-fp-Øn,

B Xobn¬ sh¥p-a-cn-®p.

]nXm-a-ls‚ th¿]mSv

Fs‚ ]nXm-a-l≥ acn-®-t∏mƒ F\n°v 5 hb v XnI-™n-

cp-∂p. At±lw kpJ-an-√m-Xm-b-t∏mƒ Fs‚ ]nXmhv \nXyhpw

sshIp-t∂cw Ukv°-bn¬ t]mIm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. It®-cn-bnse

tPmen°mbn cmhnse Xncn®v knbm¬t°m-ńepw hcm-dp-≠m-

bn-cp-∂p. Ukv°bv°pw knbm¬t°m-ń-\p-an-S-bn¬ t\¿tdm-Un-

eqsS 16 ssa¬ Zqc-ap-≠v. Cu tdmUv A∂v Sm¿ sNbvXn-cp-∂n-√.

AXp-sIm≠v D∏ bmX-sN-bvXn-cp-∂Xv IpXn-c-∏p-d-Øm-bn-cp-∂p.

At±lw B \mfp-I-fn¬ \nXyhpw XWp-∏Øv (s^-_p-h-cn-am-

kambn-cp∂p AXv) 32 ssa¬ bmX sNøm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F√m

Znh-khpw It®-cn-bnepw t]mbn-cp-∂p. CXn\p ]pdsa hońepw

29Fs‚ DΩ

tIkns‚ Xøm-sd-Sp-∏n-\mbn kabw Is≠-Øn-bn-´p-≠m-Ipw.

RßfpsS ]nXm-a-l≥ acn-®-Zn-hkw Fs‚ ]nXmhv At±-

l-Øns‚ ASp-°¬ Ukv°bnepw Rß-fpsS DΩbpw Rßƒ

aq∂p-Ip-ń-Ifpw (Rm-\pw, ktlm-Z-cn-bpw, ktlm-Z-c≥ ipIvdp-

√m-lvJm-\pw) knbm¬t°m-ń-epam-bn-cp-∂p. Iºn aptJ\

Rßƒ°v hnhcw Inń. DS-s\-Xs∂ DΩ Rß-tf-bpw-Iqń

Ukv°-bn-te°v ]pd-s∏-´p. Rßƒ Ukv°-bn-se-Øn-b-t∏mƒ,

Rß-fpsS hońepw AXnYn aµn-c-Ønepw henb P\-°q-´-am-

bn-cp-∂p. ]nXm-a-ls‚ P\m-k-bn¬ h≥P-\m-hen ]s¶-Sp-Øn-

cp-∂p. FX-am-X-sa-∂m¬, _km-dn-eqsS IS-∂p-t]m-Ip-tºmƒ

Bfp-Iƒ°v IS-Iƒ AS-bvt°-≠n-h-∂p.

]nXm-a-ls‚ acWw Rß-fpsS IpSpw-_-Øn\v G‰hpw

henb BLm-X-am-bn-cp-∂p. Imc-Ww, DΩ-tbmSp At±-l-Øn\v

]tXyI kvt\lhpw hm’-ey-\n¿`-c-amb _‘hpw D≠m-bn-

cp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v DΩ B ZpxJw icn°pw A\p- -hn-®p. A°m-

esØ \m´p-h-g°-a-\p-k-cn®v At±-l-Øns‚ ZpxJ-Øn¬ Hcp-

]mSv `mK-`m-°m-bn.

Rß-fpsS ]nXm-a-l\v AØcw BNm-c-ß-tfmSv ITn-\-amb

shdp-∏m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v Rm≥ ]d-™p-ht√m. At±lw ac-W-

s∏´v Ipd-®p-Imew Ign-™-t∏mƒ DΩ At±-lsØ kz]v\w

I≠p. ""At±lw DΩsb Iqń-s°m-≠p-t]mbn \c-I-Ønse Hcp

Zriyw ImWn-®p. AhnsS Ipd®p kvXoIƒ°v thZ-\m-P\I--

amb in£ sImSp-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ac-W-k-a-bØv apd-hn-fn-Iq-

´pIbpw hmbn¬h∂-sXms° hnfn®p]d™v Ic-bp-Ibpw

sNøp∂ kvXoI-fmWv Ah-sc∂v ]d-™p. \o CXn¬\n∂v

]mTw ]Tn-°Ww. CØcw Imcy-ß-fn¬\n∂v C\n ]›m-Ø-

]n®paS-ßWw. AXn-\p-tijw ]nXm-a-l≥ DΩsb dkq-ep-√mlv

(k)s‚ J_vdnS-Øn¬ sIm≠p-t]mbn lZvdØv mXzn-a(-d)s‚

J_v¿ ImWn-®p. Cu c≠v J_vdpw Hcp tXm´-Øn-em-Wp-≠m-bn-

cp-∂-Xv. Ah-bpsS Xe-`m-KØv Atß-b‰w sXfn-a-bm¿∂ Pe-

apƒs°m-≈p∂ Hcp b¥w Nen-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. DΩ B Pe-

30Fs‚ DΩ

[m-cm-b-¥-Øn¬\n∂pw ]pd-s∏Sp∂ sh≈w-sIm≠v hpkp

sNøpIbpw Xs‚ B _e-lo-\-X-bn¬\n∂v ]›mØ]n®p

aSßp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

-Ip-d®pImeØn\p-tijw Rß-fp-sS -A-SpØ _‘p-°-fn¬

a‰mtcm acWs∏´p. Ae-ap-d-bn-´p-I-c-bm≥ Fs‚ DΩmbv°pw

t]mtI-≠n-h-∂p. kz]v\-Øn¬ th≠X hg°p In´pIbpw Ah-

cpsS a\ v Ae-ap-d-bn-Sp-I XpS-ßnb A\m-Nm-c-ßsf shdp-

Øp-Xp-S-ßp-Ibpw, AXns\ `b-s∏Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p-sh-

¶nepw ASp-Ø-_-‘p-hmb Imc-Ww-sIm≠pw _‘p-°-fpsS

IpØp-hm-°p-Iƒ t]Sn®p-w B A\m-Nm-c-ß-fn¬\n∂v ]q¿Æ-

ambpw ap‡-bm-Im≥ Ign-™n-cp∂n√. AXp-I-gn™v Xs‚ icocw

AkwJyw Ddp-ºp-I-sf-s°m≠v s]mXn-™n-cn -°p-∂-Xpw

AXn¬\n∂v c£-s∏-Sm≥ InW-™p-]-cn-i-an-°p∂Xpw Ah¿

kz]v\w -I-≠p. ]t£ Hcp iahpw hnP-bn-®n-√. FX-tØmfw

Ddp-ºp-Isf Ah¿ ico-c-Øn¬\n-s∂-SpØp hen-s®-dn-bp-∂pthm

AXn-t\-°m-tfsd Ahsc A≈n-]n-Sn-°p-∂p. B `b-∏m-Snepw

hnj-a-Ønepw Ah-cpsS IÆp-Iƒ Xpd-∂p. ]n∂oSv XpS-sc-Øp-

Ssc ]e-]m-hiyw kz]v\-Øn¬ CtX-A-hÿ Ah¿°p-≠m-

bn. ]›m-Ø-]n®p aS-ßn-bXn-\p-tijw Xs‚ ]›m-Øm]Øn¬

]q¿Æ-am-b-pw Dd-®p-\n-ev°m-Ø-Xn-\p≈ in£-bm-Wn-sX∂v Ah¿

a\- n-em-°n.

Aßs\ Ah¿ Hcp-]mSv CkvXn-Kv^m¿ (£-am-bm-N-\w)

sNøp-Ibpw Xs‚ ]›m-Øm]w Bh¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

Cu Ah-ÿ-bn¬ Ipd-®p-Zn-hkw Ign-™-Xn-\p-tijw ho≠pw

AtX-\ne-bn¬ ]nXm-a-ls\ kz]v\w I≠p. At±lw ]d™p:

]›m-Ø]n®paS-ßn-bXn-\p-tijw AØcw Imcy-ß-fn¬ ]s¶-

Sp-Øp-sIm≠v \o henb sX‰mWv sNbvX-Xv. Ct∏mƒ \o ho≠pw

]›m-Ø]n®paS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. CXn¬ \o Dd-®p-\n-

ev°Ww.-'' At±lw Hcp ]pX∏v DΩmbv°p sImSp-Øp. sXfn™

sh≈-ap≈ Hcp Ipf-Øn-\p-t\sc Nq≠n-s°m-≠v, Cu ]pX∏v

]pX®v AXn¬t]mbn Ipfn-°m≥ ]d-™p. DΩ ]d-bm-dp-≠m-bn-

31Fs‚ DΩ

cp-∂p, ""Rm≥ B Ipf-Øn-en-d-ßn-b-t∏mƒ, AXnse sh≈w

Atß-b‰w sXfn-™Xpw kzmZn-„-hp-ambn I≠p. Rm≥ B Ip-

f-Øn¬ Cdßp-t¥mdpw Ddp-ºp-Iƒ Fs‚ ico-c-Øn¬\n∂v Cd-

ßn-s]m-bvs°m-≠n-cp-∂p. Fs‚ icocw XnI®pw hrØn-bm-Ip-

Ibpw L\w Ipd-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. B kz]v\-

Øn¬\n∂p-W¿∂-t∏mƒ, Rm≥ A√m-lp-hn-\v- Hcp]mSv \µn-]-

I-Sn-∏n°pIbpw C\n-sbm-cn-°epw CØcw Imcy-ß-fn¬ ]s¶-

Sp-°p-I-bn-s√∂v a\- p-sIm≠v ]Xn-⁄- sNøp-Ibpw sN-bvXp.

AXn-\p-tijw kpJ-ambpd-ßn.

Ipd-®p-Im-e-Øn-\p-tijw Rß-fpsS ]nXr-k-tlm-Z-cs‚

aqØ-a-I≥ ac-W-s∏-´p. Rß-fpsS DΩmbv°v ho≠pw Nne NS-

ßpIfn¬ Aev]-am-bn-s -¶nepw ]s¶-Sp-t°-≠n-h-∂p. C]m-hiyw

DΩ kz]v\w I≠Xv \o≠sImºp≈ c≠p- Im-fIƒ- Ah-cp-sS-

ta¬ BI-aWw \S-Øp-∂-Xm-Wv. Ah-bn¬\n∂v c£-s∏-Sm≥

Ah¿ HmSp-∂p-≠v. ]t£, HmSn-t∏m-Im≥ ÿe-sam∂pw ImWp-

∂n-√. Nne-t∏mƒ Ah BI-an-°p-Ibpw icoc-Øn¬ apdn-th-

ev]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-≠v. Dd-ßp-tºm-sg√mw Cu ImgvN Xs∂-

bm-bn-cp-∂p. Aev]-k-a-b-Øn-\p-≈n¬ DW-cp-Ibpw sNøpw. Cu

coXn-bn¬ Dd°w \njn-≤-am-°-s∏´p. cmXn- DW¿∂ncp∂v ZpB-

bn¬ Ign-®p-Iq-´n. D∏bpw Ah¿°p-th≠n [mcmfw ]m¿∞n®n-

cp-∂p. F¶nepw H∂p-c-≠p-Zn-hkw XpS¿®-bmbn CXp-X-s∂-bm-

bn-cp∂p Ah-ÿ.

amkw apgp-h\pw s]mdp-°¬ tXSp-∂Xnepw ]m¿∞\-bnepw

Ign-®p-Iq-´n-b-Xn\p-tijw ho≠pw DΩ ]nXm-a-ls\ kz]v\w

I≠p. "]›m-Øm-]-Øn-s‚ hmXn¬ AS-bv°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v

i‡-ambn ap∂-dnbn∏p \evIp-Ibpw C\n \o Cu Ip‰-IrXyw

sNbv-Xm¬ ]›m-Øm]w kzoI-cn -°p-I-bn-s√∂v ]d™v

At±lw Imf-Isf XS-™p-\n-dp-ØpIbpw DΩ-tbmSv kam-[m-\-

tØmsS IS-∂pt]mIm≥ ]dbpIbpw sNbvXp.'

]t£, Hcp ]co-£-Ww-IqSn _m°n-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Cu

Ah-km-\sØ ]›m-Øm-]-Øn-\p-tijw Ipd-®-p\m-fp-Iƒ°p-≈n-

32Fs‚ DΩ

emWv Rß-fpsS aqØ]nXr-k-tlm-Z-cn-bpsS aqØ-a-I≥ acn-®-

Xv. DΩbpw Fs‚ ]nXr-a-ln-bpw, ]nXr-hy-]-Xv\nbpw Ukv°-

bnse a‰p Ipd®p kvXoI-fp-ambn Rß-fpsS ]nXr-k-tlm-Z-cn-

bpsS hoń-te°v ZpxJ-Øn¬ ]¶p-sIm-≈m\pw A\p-tim-N-\-a-

dn-bn-°m\pw t]mbn.

ASp-Ø-_-‘p-°-fmb kvXoIƒ acn-®-ho-ń¬ Ae-ap-d-Iq-

´m≥ hcp-tºmƒ AhnsS h≥_-lfw D≠m-IpI F∂Xv A∂m-

fp-I-fn¬ RßfpsS Kma-Ønse kº-Zm-b-am-bn-cp-∂p. acWw

kw -hn® Kma-Ønse kvXoIƒ Xß-fpsS hoSns‚ ta¬Øń¬-

Ibdn ]tc-Xs‚ _‘p-°-fmb kvXoI-fpsS s\©-Ø-Sn-®p≈

hnem]w tIƒ°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Aßs\ Cu kµ¿`-Ønepw

Rß-fpsS IpSpw-_-Ønse kvXoIƒ Rß-fpsS ]nXr-k-tlm-

Z-cn-bpsS Kma-Øn-∂-Sp-sØ-Øn-b-t∏mƒ Ah-cpsS amd-Ø-Sn-®p≈

hnem]w ImWm≥ Kma-Ønse kvXoIƒ Ah-cpsS hoSp-Iƒ°p

apI-fn¬ Hcp-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv I≠p.

Ae-ap-d-Iq-´-cp-sX∂pw XnI®pw \ni-–-X-tbmsS ]nXr-k-

tlm-Z-cn-bpsS hoń¬ FØ-W-sa∂pw DΩ Xs‚ IqsS-bp≈

kvXoI-tfmSp At]-£n-®n-cp-∂p. Ah¿ Aß-s\-Xs∂ sNøp-

Ibpw sNbvXp. ]t£, Ah¿ CS-h-gn-bn¬ IS-∂-t∏mƒ Np‰p-

]m-Sp-ap≈ ho-Sp-I-fp-sS-ta¬ IqSn-bn-cp∂ kvXoI-fn¬ Nne¿ ]cn-

l-kn-®p-sIm≠v "s]Æp-ß-tf, B¿Øp-√-kn®p- t]mIpI' F∂v

]d-bm≥ XpS-ßn.

DΩ-bpw- A-h-cpsS IqsS-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂ kvXoIfpw £a-

tbmsS CsX-√mw -tIƒ°pIbpw kln-°p-Ibpw \ni-–-ambn

]nXr-k-tlm-Z-cn-bpsS hoń¬ ]th-in-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AhnsS

sN∂n´pw DΩ GsX-¶nepw NSßntem amd-Ø-Sn-®p≈ \ne-hn-

fn-bntem ]s¶-Sp-Øn-√. B ]co-£-WØn¬ ]q¿Æ-ambpw hnP-

bn-°m≥ A√mlp Ah¿°v `mKyw \evIn. AXn-\-ptijw DΩ

ssZhm-\p-K-l-Øm¬ Xs‚ ]Xn-⁄-bn¬ Dd®p\n-∂p.

Alva-Zn-bm-Ip-∂-Xn\p aptº-bp≈ DΩ-bpsS Ime-L-´-am-

33Fs‚ DΩ

bn-cp∂p AXv. A°m-eØv DΩ A[nIw kz]v\w I≠n-cp-∂-Xv-

Fs‚ ]nXm-a-l-s\-Ø-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-aptJ\bmWv

Ah¿°v Bflo-bhpw [m¿Ωn-I-hp-amb in£Ww e`n-®Xpw.

kphn-ti-j-ßƒ A[n-Ihpw e`n-®Xpw At±-lw aptJ\Xs∂.

1903- ¬ \S∂ kw -h-am-Wv. DΩ ]nXm-a-ls\ kz]v\w I≠p.

Xs‚ ssIbn-ep≈ ]g-Inb H‰cq] am‰n-Ø-cm≥ DΩ At±-l-

tØmSv ]d-™p. At±lw B cq]- hm-ßp-Ibpw Xs‚ t]m°-

‰n¬\n∂v Hcp-cq-]-sb-SpØv DΩmbv°v sImSp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

F∂n´v ]d™p: ""Fs‚ ssIbn¬ Ct∏mƒ Cu Hcp-cq-]tb

D≈q. AsX-Sp-Øp-sIm-≈p-I. ]t£, CXv "apl-ΩZv cmPy'-Ønse

cq]-bm-Wv. CXn¬ Iena sImØn-bn-´p≠v. AXn-t\mSv A\m-Z-

chv ImWn°-cp-Xv.'' B kz]v\-Øn-\p-tijw X\n-s°mcp aIs\

A√mlp \evIp-sa∂v DΩmbv°v ZrV-hn-izm-k-am-bn. AXn-t\m-

sSm-∏w- ipIvdp-√mlv Jm\v- C-f-bXpw A–p-√mlv Jm\v aqØ-

Xp-amb Rß-fpsS ktlm-Z-c≥ lwZp-√m-lvJm≥˛ Ft∏mgpw kpJ-

an-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ acn-®p-t]m-Iptam F∂ i¶bpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

Aßs\ Ipd®p amk-Øn-\p-tijw A–p-√m-lvJm≥ P\n-

®p. Ah≥ P\n®v Ipd-®p-amkw Ign-™-t∏mƒ lwZp-√m-lvJm\v

Nncßv tcmKw _m[n-°p-Ibpw Aev]-Imew tcmKn-bm-bn-°n-

S∂v acn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. DΩ B L´-Ønepw Atß-b‰w

£a-tbmsS ]h¿Øn-®p. A√m-lp-hn-s‚- sh-dp-∏n\v Imc-W-am-

Ip∂ Hcp hm°pw ]d-™-Xp-an-√. lwZp-√m-lvJm≥ acn-®Xv

kp_vln t\c-Øm-bn-cp-∂p. 10 aWn-°-pap-tº-Xs∂ Ahs‚

I^≥s]m-Xn-bepw J_vd-S-°hpw Ign™v D∏ km[m-c-W-

t]mse tIkp-I-fpsS Imcy-Øn-\mbn It®-cn-bn-te°v t]mbn.

IrXy-k-a-bØv Rßtfbpsamcp°n aZvd-k-bn-te°v Ab®p.

ho´n¬ Alva-Zn-ø-Øns‚ N¿®

C°m-e-L-´-Øn¬ Rß-fpsS amXm-a-l\pw amXp-e\pw

Alva-Zn-bm-bn-°-gn-™n-cp-∂p. ]nXmhpw A¬l°w ]Xw

hmßm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. PamA-Øns‚ KŸ-ßfpw hmbn-°m-dp-

≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]tc-X-\mb auehn A–p¬Icow kmln-_ns‚

34Fs‚ DΩ

Jp¿-B≥ Z¿kp-I-fnepw ]s¶-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p.

auehn ap_m-dIv Aen kmln_v Alva-Zn-bmbn Ipd®p

h¿j-Øn-\p-tijw knbm¬t°m´vOmhv\n-bnse Nne A\-

lvaZn hy‡n-Iƒ knbm¬t°m-´vOmhv\o PpapA akvPn-Zns‚

Cam-a-Øn¬\n∂pw A[n-Im-c-ÿm-\-Øp-\n∂pw At±-lsØ

\o°p-∂-Xn-\mbn tIkp-sIm-Sp-Øp. knbm¬t°m´v Alva-Zn-øm-

P-am-AØv, auehn ap_m-dIv Aenkmln-_n-\p-th≠n tIkv

hmZn-°m≥ D∏m-s\-bmWv h°o-em-bn -\n-›-bn-®-Xv.

Cu tIkv icn-bmw-hÆw hmZn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n D∏mbv°v

lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ hmZ-sØ-°p-dn®pw Pam-A-

Øns‚ kmln-Xy-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw hni-Z-ambn ]Tn-t°-≠n- h-∂p.

tImS-Xn-bn¬ Alva-Znøm Pam-A-Øns‚ hnizm-k-ßsf ]n¥m-

tß-≠nbpw h∂p. CXns‚ ê-ambn At±-l-Øns‚ a\ v

Alva-Zn-ø-Øp-ambn hfsc IqSp-X¬ CW-ßn-. 1904-˛¬ BsW-

∂p tXm∂p-∂p, At±lw auehn Idw-±o≥ sIme-t°knepw

akolv auDu-Zv(-A)-\p-th≠n Kpcp-Zm-kv]q-cn¬ km£n-hn-kvXm-

c-Øn-∂mbn £Wn-°-s∏- n-cp-∂p. Ahn-sS-h-®mWv akolv auDu-

Zv(-A)s‚ Xncp-k-∂n-[n-bn¬ BZy-ambn lmP-cm-Im-\p≈

ku`mKyw At±-l-Øn\v e`n-°p-∂-Xv. Aßs\ AXo-h-k-¥p-

„-\m-bn-´mWv hoń-te°v Xncn-®p-h-∂-Xv. D∏ Kpcp-Zm-kv]q-

cn¬\n∂v Xncn-®p-h-∂-Xn-\p-tijw Hcp-]mSp\mƒhsc BfpIƒ

Rß-fp-sS- ho-ń¬ h∂n-cp-∂p. AXv F\n-t°m¿Ω-bp-≠v. D∏-

tbmSv Alva-Znøm Pam-A-Øn-s\-°p-dn®v Ah¿ tNmZn°mdp-≠m-

bn-cp-∂p. D® apX¬ sshIp-t∂-cw-hsc \S-∂n-cp∂ kwkm-c-

ßfn¬ A[n-Ihpw Cu hnjbw Xs∂-bmWv Ah¿ N¿®

sNbvXn-c-p∂-Xv.

1904 sk]vXw-_¿ 3˛mw XnbXn lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv

(A)s‚ ]kwK]cn-]mSn emtlm-dnse taemdmw am¿°-‰n¬

kwL-Sn-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. D∏ AXn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°m≥ emtlm-dn¬

t]mbt∏mƒ Ft∂bpw IqsS sIm≠p-t]m-bn-. F\n-°-∂v ]Xn-

s\m-∂c hb- m-bn-cp-∂p. B Ah-k-c-Øn-emWv Rm≥ akolv

35Fs‚ DΩ

auDu-Zv(-A)s\ BZy-ambn knbm-dØv sNøp-∂-Xv. A¬ -kv¬

]X-Øn¬ Fgp-Xnb Hcp teJ\Øn¬ Rm≥ hy‡-am-°n-bn-

´p-≈-Xp-t]mse _bv-AØv sNbvXXv aq∂p-h¿jw Ign-™m-sW-

¶nepw ssZhm-\p-K-l-Øm¬ A∂p apX¬ Rm≥ Alva-Zn-bm-

Wv.

AlvaZn-ø-Øns\ kw_-‘n-®p≈ kz]v\w

Alva-Zn-ø-Øns\ kw_-‘nt®m lZvdØv akolv auDu-

Zv(-A)s‚ hmZ-ßsf kw_-‘nt®m DΩmbv°v A°m-eØv hni-

Z-amb Adn-hp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. alm-\-h¿I-fpsS t]cp-t]mepw Adn-

bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. 1904-˛¬ DΩ Nne kz]v\-ßƒ I≠p. AXns‚

ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Ah¿°v 1904 sk]vXw-_¿ Ah-km\w

lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)\v _bv-AØv sNøm-\p≈ mKyw

In´n.

CXp-kw-_-‘-ambn BZywI≠ kz]v\w CXm-bn-cp-∂p.

""_km¿ \√-hÆw Ae-¶-cn-®n-cn°p-∂p. at\m-l-c-amb hkvXw

[cn®v Bfp-Iƒ Ftßmt´m s]mbvs°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. DΩ-

tNm-Zn-®-t∏mƒ, GtXm ]Z¿i\w ImWp-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n-bmWv

Ah¿ t]mIp-∂-sX∂v a\- n-em-bn. Xm¶fpw Xm¶-fpsS h≠n

Xøm-dm-°pI F∂pw \ap°pw t]mbn B ]Z¿i\w ImWm-

sa∂pw DΩ, D∏-tbmSv ]d-™p. Aßs\ D∏ h≠n Xøm-dm-°p-

Ibpw c≠p-t]cpw h≠n-bn¬°bdn bmX-]p-d-s∏-Sp-Ibpw

sNbvXp.'' DΩ ]d-bm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p: ""Nu±co apl-ΩZv Aao≥

kmln-_ns‚ hoSn\v FXn¿hiw Rß-sf-Øn-b-t∏mƒ,

At±lw \ns‚ D∏sb D®-Øn¬ hnfn-®p. \ns‚ ]nXmhv Ahn-

sS-\n-∂p. P\-ßƒ kwL-Sn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ B ssaXm-\n-bn-

te°v Rm≥ X\n-®p-t]m-bn. AhnsS h≥P-\-°q´w Rm≥ I≠p.

ac-Øns‚ imJ-I-fn¬t]mepw Bfp-Iƒ ]‰n-Iq-Sn-bn-cn°p-∂p.

]t£, \Sp-hn¬ ÿew- H-gn™p InS-∏p-≠v. CSbv°v Hcp

Du™mep-≠v. AXns‚ Ib¿ BIm-i-Øn¬h®v A]-Xy-£-

am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. B Du™m-en¬ Hcp XpWn ad amXncn Xqßp-

∂p-≠v. AXn\p ]n∂n¬ Btcm Ds≠∂v tXm∂n-bn-cp-∂p.

36Fs‚ DΩ

]t£, Abmsf ImWm≥ Ign-bp-∂n-√. ssaX-m\-Øns‚ Hcp-

`m-KØv Kmsedn F∂ \ne-bn¬ Ccn-∏n-S-ßƒ D≠m-°nbn-´p-

≠v. Ah-bn¬ Hcn-SØv c≠m-fpsS ÿew Hgn-™p-In-S-°p-∂Xp

Rm≥ I≠p. Rm≥ Ahn-sS- sN-∂n-cp-∂p. Hgn-™p-In-S∂

ÿehpw B¿°pw sImSp-Øn-√. Bsc-¶nepw AhnsS h∂n-cn-

°m≥ apXn¿∂m¬ AsXs‚ IqsS-bp≈ Bfp-tS-XmsW∂p

]d™v XS-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. \ns‚ D∏ h∂v B Hgn-™-ÿ-eØv

Ccp-s∂-¶n¬ F∂ ]Xo-£-bn-em-bn-cp∂p Rm≥.

""Ipd-®p-k-a-b-Øn-\p-tijw B Du™m¬ Ing-°p-]-Sn-™mdv

BSm\pw AXn¬\n∂v Hcp ]Imiw shfn-s∏-Sm\pw XpS-ßn.

Du™m-ens‚ B´w i‡-am-Ip-∂-Xn-t\m-sSm∏w B ]Im-ihpw

h¿≤n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. Du™m¬ BSn-s®-√p∂ mKsØ Bfp-

Iƒ "knZvsJ bm dkq-e-√mlv'˛A-√m-lp-hns‚ dkqte t\cm-

Wv˛ F∂p hnfn®p ]d-™p. Ah-km\w B Du™m¬ `qan-

bpsS Hc‰w apX¬ at‰ A‰whsc ap´p∂ \ne-bn¬ i‡-ambn

BSm≥ XpSßn.''

c≠m-aXv DΩ I≠ kz]v\w Cß-s\-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ""cmhnse

\mep-a-Wn-tbm-S-SpØv BZ-c-Wo-b-amb a°-bn¬ t]mIm-\p≈

Xøm-sd-Sp∏v \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°-bm-Wv. B t\cØmWv bmX

Bcw-`n®sX∂v tXm∂p-∂p-≠v. D®-I-gn™v \mep-a-Wn-tbm-S-Sp-

Øv, bmX sNbvXn-cp∂ IpXn-c-h≠n Hcp B™n-en-a-c-Øns‚

kao-]Øv \ndp-Øn-bn- n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn I≠p. F\n°v a°-bnem

Wv t]mtI≠sX∂v Rm≥ h≠n-°m-c-t\mSv ]d-™p. Abmƒ

]d-™p. CXp-X-s∂-bmWv a°. \nßƒ ÿesØØn-°-gn-™p.

CX s]s´∂v Fßs\ a°-bn-se-Øn-sb-t∂m¿Øv Rm≥

A¤p-X-s∏- p. AXn-cm-hnse bmX XpS-ßn Akzvdns‚ t\cØv

a°-bn¬ FØp-Itbm? B hnkva-b-tØmsS Rm≥ IpXn-c-h-

≠n-bn¬ \n∂n-dßn _km-dn-eqsS IS∂v CS-h-gn-bn-eqsS \S∂v

Hcp ho´n¬ ]th-in-°p-Ibpw H∂m-asØ \ne-bn-te°v t]mIp-

I-bpw -sN-bvXp. AhnsS ap‰Øv knwlm-k-\-Øn¬ hncn-°m-

dp≈ Hcp ioe hncn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xp I≠p. cPn-Ã-dns‚ coXn-bn-

37Fs‚ DΩ

ep≈ Hcp _rl-ZvKŸw AXn¬ sh®n-´p-ap-≠v. AXn-∂-SpØv

Hcp s]ń-bp-≠v. AXns‚ apI-fn-esØ aqSn-bn¬ Hcp Zzmc-ap-≠v.

Rm≥ B Zzmc-Øns‚ Ccp-h-ihpw ssIh-bv°p-Ibpw Fs‚

hmb B ZzmcØns‚ ASp-Øp-sh®v aq∂p-]m-hiyw D®-Øn¬˛

""A√mlpth, Fs‚- ]m]w s]mdp-Øp-X-∂mepw'' F∂v Dd-s°-

∏-d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. F∂n´v kzbw "s]mdp-Øp-X-cptam' F∂p

tNmZn-®p. At∏mƒ D®-Øn¬ DØcw Inń. "Rm≥ s]mdp-Øp-

sIm-Sp-°p-∂-h-\m-Wv. \ns‚ t]cv Cu cPn-Ã-dn-ep-s≠-¶n¬ s]mdp-

°pw.' AXv P\-\ ac-W cPn-Ã¿ B-bn-cn-°m-sa∂v Rm≥ Icp-

Xn. Rm≥ P\n® kabØv Fs‚ t]cv ]mdm-hp-Im-c≥ tN¿Øn-

´p-≠m-Iptam F∂v Nn¥n-°m≥ XpS-ßn. ]n∂oSv Fs‚ IÆp-Xp-

d-∂p.'' Cu kz]v\w I≠v Ipd-®p-Im-e-Øn-\p-tijw DΩ ZmXm-

k-bvZn-te°v t]mbn. AhnsS Cu kz]v\-sØ-°p-dn®v ]d-™-

t∏mƒ amXm-a-l≥ ]d-™p. ""\o JmZn-bm-\nse ZriyamWv I≠-

Xv. \o lZvdØv an¿km kmln-_n\v _bv-AØv sNøp-I.'' DΩ

]d-™p. ""Aßv ]d-bp∂ alm-flmhv A√m-lp-hn¬ \n∂m-sW-

¶n¬ A√mlp Xo¿®-bmbpw F\n°v At±-lsØ kµ¿in-

°m≥ `mKyw Xcpw. At±-l-Øns‚ kXyw F∂n¬ Xpd-°p-

Ibpw sNøpw.''

kz]v\-Øn¬ knbm-dØv

knbm¬t°m´v aS-ßnsbØn Ipd-®p-Imew Ign-™-t∏mƒ

Ah¿ ho≠p-samcp kz]v\w I≠p. ""Hcp-]mSv AXn-Yn-Iƒ hcpw

F∂p≈ ]Xo-£-tbm-sS, Ahsc hc-th-ev°m≥ cmXn-t\-cØv

Xs‚ hoSns‚ ap‰Øv Hcp°w sNøp-∂-Xn¬ Ah¿ apgp-In-bn-cn-

°p-I-bm-Wv. CXn-∂n-S-bn¬ bmZr-›n-I-ambn hcm-¥-bn¬ Ib-dn-

b-t∏mƒ ]Sn-™m-dp-h-i-Øp≈ sNdnb apd-nbn¬ Hcp-]mSv

shfn®w I≠p. hnf-s°m-∂p-an-√mØ AhnsS Fßs\ shfn®w

h∂p Ft∂m¿Øv A¤p-X-s∏-´p. Ipd-®p-IqSn apt∂m-´p-t]m-b-

t∏mƒ apdn ]Im-i-Øm¬ hnf-ßp-∂Xpw tXP-kzn-bmb Hcp

alm-flmhv Iń-en¬ Ccp∂v t\m´v _p°n¬ Ft¥m Fgp-Xp-

∂Xmbpw I≠p. DΩ apdn-bn¬ IS∂v B alm-flm-hns‚ ]nd-

38Fs‚ DΩ

Ip-h-iØv \n∂p. Btcm apdn-bn¬ h∂n-´p-s≠∂v a\- n-em-b-

t∏mƒ, Xs‚ sNcn-∏n-Sp-∂-Xn-\mbn Imep-Iƒ Iń-en¬\n∂v

At±lw Xmsg-h-®p˛ apdn-bn¬\n∂v ]pd-tØ-°n-d-ßm≥ t]mIp-

∂-Xp-t]m-se. DΩ ]d™p: "bm lZvdØv! F\n°v C∂p-≠mbX

kt¥mjw Fs‚ Bbp- n¬- C-Xp-hsc D≠m-bn-ń-√. Aßv

Aev]-k-a-bw-IqSn Ccp-∂m-epw.' Aßs\ At±lw Aev]-k-

abw \n∂p. ]n∂o-Sv t]m-Im≥ XpS-ßn-b-t∏mƒ DΩ tNmZn®p:

"bm lZvdØv! GXv alm-flm-hn-s\-bmWv \o I≠-sX∂v Bsc-

¶nepw tNmZn-®m¬ Rm-s\-¥mWv ]d-tb-≠Xv?' At±lw heXp

tXmfns‚ apI-fn-eqsS ]n∂n-te°v t\m°n-s°m≠v CS-Xp-`pPw

Db¿Øn-s°m≠p ]d™p: "Bsc-bmWv I≠-sX∂v \nt∂mSv

Bsc-¶nepw tNmZn-®m¬, Alva-Zns\ I≠p F∂p ]d-bp-I.''

AXv tI´v DΩ- D-W¿∂p.

Fs‚ amXp-e\pw B Znhkw knbm¬t°m-ń-ep-≠m-bn-cp-

∂p. D∏-tbmSpw amXp-e-t\mSpw DΩ Xm≥I≠ kz]v\w ]d-™p.

AXv an¿km kmln-_m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v amXp-e≥ ]d-™-t∏mƒ,

At±lw Xs‚- t]cv an¿km kmln_v F∂-√, AlvaZv

F∂mWv ]d-™-sX∂v DΩ- A-dn-bn-®p. AXp-tI- -t∏mƒ an¿km

kmln-_ns‚ t]cv Kpemw AlvaZv F∂m-sW∂v amXp-e≥ ]d-

™p. \o ZpB sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I, A√mlp kXyw shfn-

s∏-Sp-Øn-Ø-cpw F∂pw DΩtbmSv ]d™p.

Ipd®p Znh-k-Øn-\p-≈n¬ lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)

knbm¬t°mń¬ hcp-∂p-s≠∂ Adn-bn∏v Inń. ho≠pw DΩ

kz]v\w I≠p. ""Nne tdmUp-I-fn-eqsS IS∂v A´w sIńb CS-

h-gn-bn-eqsS Hcp hoń¬ FØn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AXns‚ BZysØ

\ne-bn¬ BZyw I≠ alm-flm-hns\ ho≠pw I≠p. At±lw

DΩm-tbmSp tNmZn-®p. "CX-]m-h-iyw- I-≠n´pw \n\°v hnizmkw

h∂nt√?' At∏mƒ DΩ ]d™p: "A¬lwZpen-√m-lv, Rm≥

hniz-kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.''

knbm¬t°m-ń¬ lZvd-Øv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ BKaw

lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ knbm¬t°m´v BK-aw,

39Fs‚ DΩ

B ]´-W-Øn\v Ah-km-\-\mƒhsc A`n-am-\n-°m-hp-∂Xpw

hyXykvXhp-w Fs∂∂pw \ne\nev°p-∂-Xp-am-bn-cn°pw.

aKvcn_v\p tij-amWv At±lw FØn-b-Xv. tÃ-j-\n¬ h≥P-

\m-hen D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. FX-tØm-f-sa-∂m¬, πm‰p-t^m-an¬ Cu

P\-°q-´sØ \nb-¥n-°pI F∂Xv Zpjv°-c-am-bn. AXp-sIm-

≠v akolv auDu-Zv (A)Dw At±-l-Øns‚ IpSpw-_mw-K-ßfpw

bmX-bn¬ IqsS-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂ kplrØp-°fpw Ccp∂ t_mKn

th¿s∏-SpØn tKmUu-Wns‚ πm‰vt^man¬ FØn®p. tKmUu-

Wns‚ kao-]-Øp≈ hnim-e-amb ]dºv P-\ßsf-s°m≠p \nd-

™n-cp-∂p. AXn\p shfn-bn¬ tdmUnepw P\-ßƒ XSn-®p-Iq-Sn-

bn-cp-∂p. tÃj-\n-epw, lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ bmXm-

hm-l\w IS-∂p-t]m-Ip∂ _km-dp-I-fn-ep-sa√mw t]meo-kns‚

ta¬t\m-´-Øn¬ G¿∏m-Sp -Iƒ sNbvXn-cp -∂p. t]meokv

kq]≠pw Pn√-bnse an° `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Ifpw HmW-ddn aPn-

kvtS´pw Hcp-°-ßƒ°v ta¬t\m´w hln-°m≥ cwK-Øp-≠m-

bn-cp-∂p. _km-dp-I-fnepw hoSp-I-fpsS P\-ep-I-fnepw apIƒ`m-

KØpw HØn-cn-bm-fp-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-cn¬ A[n-Ihpw

H∂v Z¿in°m≥ h∂-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p. Xami F∂ \ne-bn¬

H∂pImWm≥ h∂ Nne FXn-cm-fn-Ifpw Ah-cn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-

∂p. akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s\ kzmKXw sNøp-∂-Xnt\m kµ¿in-

°p-∂-Xnt\m t]mI-cp-sX∂v ]d™v iXp-Deam°fpw D∂-X-

ÿm-\-Øn-en-cn-°p-∂-hcpw F√m-h-tcbpw hne-°m≥ ian-®n-cp-

∂psh¶nepw Cu FXn¿∏v B P\-°q´w h¿≤n-∏n-°m≥ klm-

b-I-am-bn.

D∏-tbm-sSm∏w Rm\pw tÃj-\n¬ t]mbn-cp-∂p. ]t£,

P\-Ønc°p-Im-c-W-Øm¬ lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚

h≠n-bpsS ASp-sØ-Øm≥ Rßƒ°v Ah-kcw In´n-bn-√.

ZqcØv Rß-fpsS h≠n-bnencp∂psIm≠v lZvdØv akolv

auDu-Zv(-A)s\ kzoI-cn-®m-\-bn-°p∂ Zriyßƒ Rßƒ I≠p.

lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ bmXm-hm-l\w Hcp PmY-bpsS

cq]-Øn¬ tÃj-\n¬\n∂v ]pd-s∏-´-t∏mƒ Rßƒ Xncn-®p-t]m-

40Fs‚ DΩ

∂p. F∂m¬, Fs‚ amXp-e≥ PmY-tbm-sSm∏w t]mbn. lZvdØv

akolv auDu-Zv(-A) Xs‚ Xma-k-ÿ-e-sØ-Øn-b-Xn\p tij-

amWv At±lw aS-ßn-b-Xv. lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)\pw

IqsS-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-h¿°pw tÃj≥ apX¬ Xma-k-ÿ-ew-hsc

t\cn-tS-≠n-h∂ kw`-h-ß-sf-°p-dn®v Rßƒ At±-l-Øn¬

\n∂p hni-Z-ambn tI´p.

lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) Xs‚ IpSpw-_mw-K-ß-tfm-

sSm∏w lZvdØv ao¿ lmanZv imlv kmln-_ns‚ hoń¬ Xma-

kn-®p. lZvdØv Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv A∆¬(d) Xma-kn-®Xv

_m_p A–p¬ Akokv kmln-_ns‚ hoń-em-bn-cp-∂p.

DΩ-bpsS _bv-AØv

]nt‰-Zn-hkw cmhnse DΩ, D∏-tbmSv lZvdØv akolv auDu-

Zv(-A)s\ ImWp-∂-Xn-\mbn t]mIm≥ A\p-hmZw tNmZn-®p. D∏

A\p-h-Zn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]t£, AXn-t\m-sSm∏w ]d™p:

""\o I≠n´v h∂m¬ aXn, _bv-AØv sNø-≠. Rm\pw At\z-

jn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. c≠p-t]¿°pw IqSn Btem-Nn-®n´v

Ah-km\ Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°mw.'' DΩ ]d-™p, ""Rm≥ kz]v\-

Øn¬ I≠ B alm-flmhv Ct±-l-am-sW-¶n¬ _bv-AØv Xma-

kn-∏n-°m≥ F\n°p Ign-bn-√. ImcWw Rm≥ kz]v\-Øn¬

kΩ-Xn®pIgn™ Imcy-am-WXv. Xma-kn-°p-tºmƒ Fs‚ ]Xn-

⁄bv°p £X-ta-ev°pw. C\n Ct±-lw, At±-l-a-s√-¶n¬ Aßv

At\z-jWw XpScpI Rm\pw Btem-Nn-°p-∂Xm-Wv.'' IqSn-bm-

tem-Nn-°msX Dd-®-Xo-cp-am-\-sa-Sp-°-cp-sX∂v ho≠pw ]d™n-´v

D∏ It®-cn-bn-te°p t]mbn.

DΩ, D®`£WØn-\p-tijw AXo-h-Xm¬]-cy-tØm-Sp-IqSn

lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) Xma-kn-°p∂ hk-Xn-bn-te°v

bmX-]p-d-s∏- p. hoSp-I-fpsS BIr-Xnbpw a‰pw I≠-t∏mƒ Xm≥

kz]v\-Øn¬ I≠-Xp-X-s∂-bmWv Ah-sb∂v DΩ Xncn-®-dn-™p.

lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ k∂n-[n-bn¬ lmP-cm-Ip-

∂-Xn-\mbn lZvdØv ao¿ lmanZv imlv kmln-_ns‚ hoń¬

41Fs‚ DΩ

DΩ FØn-b-t∏mƒ Rm\pw IqsS-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. lpkq-dns\

ImWp-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n-bmWv Xm≥ h-∂n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v Ah¿

lZvdØv DΩp¬ apA-van-\o≥(-d.lm)-t\mSp ]d-™p. lpkq¿ B

ka-bØv hoSns‚ tate-X-ń-em-bn-cp-∂p. knbm¬t°m´v ]`m-

jWw Fgp-Xp∂ Xnc-°n-em-bn-cp-∂psh-∂mWv tXm∂p-∂-Xv.

Aev]-k-abw Ign™v hcm-sa∂v lpkq¿ ]d-™-b-®p.

Aev]w Ign™pSs\ lpkq¿ h∂p. hcm-¥-bpsS \Sp-hn¬

h®n-cp∂ Iń-en¬ Ccp-∂p. DΩ a‰p kvXoI-tfm-sSm∏w c≠-c-

ao-‰¿ Zqc-Øv sh®n-cp∂ XSn-°- n-en¬ Ccn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. lpkq¿

Iń-en¬ Ccp-∂p-Ss\ DΩ ]d™p: "lpkq¿, Rm≥ _bv-AØv

sNøm≥ BK-ln-°p-∂p.' lpkq¿ ]d™p: "AXp-icn.' Aßs\

DΩ _bv-AØv sNbvXp. CXv kplv¿ t\c-Øm-bn-cp-∂p.

hoń¬ Xncn-s®-Øn-b-t∏mƒ Ipd®v A®m¿ Fs‚ ssIbn¬

X∂p-sIm≠v AXv lZvdØv DΩp¬ apA-van-\o\v FØn-°m≥

]d-™p. DΩp¬ apA-van -\o≥ A®m-dn -t\mSp Xm¬]cyw

ImWn®t∏mƒ Xs‚ hoń¬ hfsc \√ A®m-dp-s≠∂v DΩ

]d-™n-cp-∂p.

D∏ tImS-Xn-bn¬\n∂v Xncn-®p-h-∂-t∏mƒ, "\o an¿km

kmln-_ns\ ImWm≥ t]mbn-cpt∂m?' F∂v DΩ-tbmSp Xnc-

°n. t]mbn-cp∂p F∂v ]d-™-t∏mƒ "_bv-AØv sNbvXn-

√t√m' F∂v D∏ tNmZ-n®p. DΩ s\©n¬ ssIh-®p-sIm≠v ]d-

™p. "A¬lw-Zp-en-√m-lv. Rm≥ _bv-AØv sNbvXp.' At∏mƒ

D∏ Ipd®v hnjaw ]I-Sn-∏n-®p. DΩ ]d™p: "CXv Cuam-\ns‚

]iv\-am-Wv. Aß-bpsS ]nW-°-Øn\v C°m-cy-Øn¬ F∂n¬

Hcp kzm[o-\hpw D≠m-°m≥ km[n-°p-I-bn-√. CXv Aßbv°v

Ak-ly-ambn tXm∂p-s∂-¶n¬ C„-ap≈ Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°mw.

Ct∂-hsc Fs∂ kwc-£n-°p-Ibpw Pohn-°m-\p≈ G¿∏mSp

sNøp-Ibpw sNbvX A√mlp XpS¿∂pw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv.'

BZysØ IqSn-°m-gvN-bv°p-tijw ho≠pw DΩmbv°v

lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) knbm¬t°m- n-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ Ime-

42Fs‚ DΩ

Øv, kµ¿in-°m≥ Ah-kcw Inń-bn-´p-≠m-Imw. ]t£,

lpkq¿(A) knbm¬t°m-ń¬\n∂v Xncn-®p-t]m-b-Xn-\p-tijw

Hcn-°epw B kµ¿`w Inń-bn-ń-√. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Ah¿

kz]v\-Øn¬ Bflm¿∞-X-tbmSpw Iqtdm-Spw-IqSn sNbvX

]Xn⁄ ]n∂oSv _bv-A-Øns‚ hm°p-I-fn¬ ]cn-jvI-cn-°p-

Ibpw AXns‚ _mly-amb km£yw ÿm]n-°p-Ibpw tijw

Ah-km-\-izm-kw-hsc AXn-t‚-Xmb hgn-bn-eqsS AXns\ \nd-

th-‰p-I-bpamWv sNbvX-Xv. _bv-A-Øn-\p-tijw Ah-cn¬ DZn-

®p-b¿∂ Hmtcm Znh-khpw F∂√ Ah¿ IS-∂p-t]mb Hmtcm

\nan-jhpw Ah-cpsS Cuam-\n-t‚bpw Bflm¿∞-X-bp-tSbpw

h¿≤-\-hn\v km£n-bm-bn. AhcpsS Cuam≥ Bcw`w

apX¬t° ITn-\-amb t]a-Øns‚ h¿Æ-s∏m-ena Dƒs°m-≈p-

∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. ]Xp-s°-∏-Xps° Cu ITn-\-amb t]aw FX-

tØmfw A`n-hr-≤n-s∏-´p-sh-∂p-sh-®m¬, Hmtcm Imcy-Ønepw

A√m-lp-hns‚ ]Xm-]hpw ]`m-hhpw \_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS

]Im-ihpw akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ kXy-km-£yhpw Ah¿°v

ImWm≥ Ign-™n-cp-∂p.

_bv-A-Øn-\p-tijw Ah-cpsS I¿Ω-Ønepw ZpX-K-Xn-

bnemWv am‰-ap-≠m-bn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂Xv. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Ah-cpsS

in£Ww A√m-lp-X-Be kz]v\-Øn-eq-sSbpw PmK-Z¿i-\-Øn-

eq-sSbpw \evIp-I-bmbncp∂p. ]t£, _mly-Ønepw lZvdØv

akolv auDu-Zv(-A)¬\nt∂m, lpkq-dns‚ hntbm-K-Øn-\p-

tijw Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv A∆¬(-d)-en¬\nt∂m AXn-\p-

tijw Jeo- -Øp¬ akolv Ym\n(-d)bn¬\nt∂m Fs¥-¶nepw

Iev]\ Ah-cn-te-s°-Øn-bm¬ DSs\ k∂-≤-bm-bn-s°m≠v

AX-\p-kcn®v ]h¿Øn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. A√mlp Ahs‚ A\p-

K-l-Øm¬ XnI™ A\p-k-c-W-io-ehpw Ahs‚ C„-Øn-

s\mØv \oßp∂ a\ pw Ah¿°p \evIn-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-cpsS

a\- n¬ Hcp-X-c-Øn-ep≈ Bt£]hpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂-n-√.

]nXm-hns‚ _bv-AØv

lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) knbm¬t°m- n¬ hcp∂ ka-

43Fs‚ DΩ

bw-hsc D∏-bpsS a\ pw \√-hÆw Alva-Zn-ø-Øn-te°v

Nm™p-I-gn-™-ncp-∂p. A¥naXo-cp-am-\-sa-Sp-t°≠ kabw

hs∂-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v At±lw a\- n-em-°pIbpw sNbvXn-

cp-∂p. B \mfp-I-fn¬ At±-l-Øns‚ kl-hmkw an°-t∏mgpw

Nu±co apl-ΩZv Aao≥ kmln-_n-t\m-sSm-∏-am-bn-cp-∂p. Nu±co

apl-ΩZv Aao≥km-ln_pw Xm\pw H∂n®v Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°-W-

sa∂ BK-l-am-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øn-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. D∏,

Nu±cn apl-ΩZv Aao≥ kmln-_p-ambn Btem-Nn-®-t∏mƒ, Xs‚

a\- n¬ Ipd®p kwi-b-ap-s≠∂pw, AX-I-‰m≥ Xm\m-K-ln-°p-

∂p-sh∂pw At±lw ]d-™p. Aßs\ Ch¿ c≠p-t]cpw aKvcn-

_n-\p-tijw Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv A∆-ens‚ k∂n-[n-bn¬

t]mIm\pw Nu±co apl-ΩZv Aao≥ kmln_v Xs‚ kwi-b-

ßfpw Bt£-]-ßfpw Zqco-I-cn-°m\pw lZvdØv Jeo-^-Øp¬

akolv A∆-ep-ambn kwkm-cn®p Xocp-am-\n-®p.

Rm\pw aKvcn-_n\p-tijw Cu sNdnb aPven-kn¬ D∏-tbm-

sSm∏w lmP-cm-Im-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ap∂p-\mev Znh-k-Øn-\p-tijw

Nu±co apl-ΩZv Aao≥ kmln-_v, Xs‚ Bt£-]-ßƒs°√mw

adp-]Sn In´n-°-gn-™n-cn-°p-∂psh∂v D∏-tbmSv kΩ-Xn-®p.

F∂m¬, \msf _bv-AØv sNøm-sa∂v D∏ ]d-™p. ]t£,

]nt‰-Zn-hkw cmhnse D∏ Nu±co apl-ΩZv Aao≥ kmln-_ns‚

ho´n-se-Øp-I-bpw, _bv-AØv sNøm≥ t]mIm-sa∂v ]d™v

At±-lsØ hnfn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXt∏mƒ, X\n°v "Dƒs°m-

≈m-\p≈ Ign-hn√' F∂v At±lw Adn-bn®p. Aßs\ D∏

X\n®v lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ k∂n-[n-bn-seØn _bv-

AØv sNbvXp. At∏mgpw Rm≥ At±-l-Øn-t\m-sSm∏w D≠m-

bn-cp-∂p. HtŒm-_¿ amk-Ønse BZysØ c≠p-aq∂v Znh-k-

ß-fn-semcp Znhkw kp_vln \a-kvIm-c-Øn-\p-ti-j-am-bn-cp∂p

CXv.

lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ knbm¬t°m´v Xma-k-

Øn-∂n-S-bn¬ A[n-I-ambn Bfp-Iƒ _bv-AØv sNøpIbp≠mbn.

]t£, Gsd N¿®- sNø-s∏-´Xv auehn ^bvkp-±o≥ kmln-

44Fs‚ DΩ

_n-t‚bpw D∏-bp-tSbpw _bv-A-Øm-bn-cp-∂p.

CXn-t\m-S-SpØv Hcp-h¿j-Øn-\p-tijw AXm-bXv 1905

sk]vXw-_-dn¬ D∏ BZy-ambn JmZn-bm≥ Zmdp¬ Aam-\n¬ lmP-

cm-bn. Ft∂bpw IqsS sIm≠p-t]m-bn-cp-∂p. ]n∂o-Sv, knbm¬t°m-

´n¬ ]mŒokv sNbvXn-cp∂ Ime-sa-√mw, sk]vXw-_¿ amk-

Ønse Ah-[n-bpsS Ipd-®p-`mKw Zmdp¬ Aam-\n¬ Ign-®p-Iq-´p-

∂Xv At±lw ioe-am-°n-bn-cp-∂p. P¬k kmem-\-bnepw ]s¶Sp-

Øn-cp-∂p. Rm\pw A°m-e-ß-fn¬ ]e-t∏mgpw At±-l-Øns‚

IqsS JmZn-bm-\n¬ t]mIm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

DΩmbv°v Ft∂m-Sp≈ kvt\lw

DΩ-bpsS a\ v Atß-b‰w arZp-ehpw kvt\lm¿Zhpw

Bbn-cp-∂p. ]tXy-In®v Rm≥ B hm’-ey-Øn\v IqSp-X¬

]mX-am-bn-. A©v a°ƒ acn-®-Xn-\p-tijw A√m-lp-X-Be ]mb-

]q¿Øn-hsc FØm≥ F\n°v Bbp v \evIn-b-Xp-sIm≠pw

sNdp-]m-b-Øn¬ F\n°v IÆp-tcmKw _m[n-®-Xp-sIm≠pw

DΩmbv°v Ft∂mSv ]tXyI kvt\l-am-bn-cp-∂p. IÆp-tcm-Kw-

sIm≠v 10 hb- p-apX¬ 16 hb- p-hsc NqSp-Im-eØv Rm≥

hfsc Ipdt® ]pd-Øn-d-ßn-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. Nne-t∏mƒ BgvN-I-

tfmfw Ccp-´p-ap-dn-bn¬ Ign-tb-≠n-h-∂n-´p-≠v. C°m-e-sØ√mw

A[n-Ihpw DΩ Ft∂m-sSm∏w D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. C]-Imcw F\n°v

Ah-cpsS kl-hm-khpw ]tXy-Iambn e`n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p.

]n∂oSv "lrZbw sImSpØv lrZ-bw -hm-ßpI' F∂-X-\p-k-cn®v

F\n°pw km[m-c-W-bn¬ Ihn™v Ah-tcmSv kvt\lw D≠m-

bn. Ah-cpsS lrZbw kvt\l-Øn-t‚bpw hm’-ey-Øn-t‚bpw

h‰mØ Hcp-d-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p. B a\ n\v kz¥-°mcpw A\ycpw

XΩn-ep≈ hyXymkw Adn-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Xs‚ F√m _‘p-

°-tfmSpw ]tXy-In®v Xs‚ F√m a°-tfmSpw Ah¿°v -AKm-

[-amb kvt\l_‘-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, F\nbv°pw DΩbv°pw

CS-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ _‘-Øns‚ bmYm¿∞yw Rßƒ°p

c≠p-t]¿°p amXta Adn-bp-I-bp-≈q.

X\n°v ]nb-s∏-´-h¿ X∂n¬\n∂v AI∂p \nev°p-∂Xv

45Fs‚ DΩ

DΩmbv°v hfsc ]bm-k-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]tXy-In®v F∂n¬\n-

∂p≈ AI¬® kln-°pI F∂Xv Ah¿°v hfsc Zpjv°-c-

am-Imd-p≠m-bn-cp-∂p. 1907- ¬ F≥S≥kv ]co£ ]m mbn Rm≥

emtlm¿ Kh¿sΩ‚ v tImtf-Pn¬ tNcp-Ibpw BZy-ambn Zo¿L-

\mƒ hoSn-\p-sh-fn-bn¬ Xma-kn-t°-≠n-h-cn-Ibpw sNbvXp.

At∏mƒ Hmtcm BgvNbpw Xs∂ h∂p-Im-W-W-sa∂v DΩ

\n¿_-‘w-]n-Sn-®p. ]t£, Hmtcm BgvNbpw emtlm-dn¬\n∂v

knbm¬t°m-´n¬ t]mIpI F∂Xv ]bm-k-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-

sIm≠v Rm≥, icm-icn c≠mgvN IqSp-tºmgmWv DΩsb

ImWm≥ t]mIp-∂Xv. emtlm-dnseØnbm¬, FØnb hnhcw

DSs\ Adn-bn-°-W-sa∂v Hmtcm ]mh-iyhpw Xncn-®p-h-cp-tºmƒ

Xm°oXv sNbvXn-cp-∂p.

Fs∂-°p-dn®v DΩmbv°v \√ ]Xo-£bpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

1910-˛se th\¬°me Ah-[nbv°v _n.F ]co-£-bpsS Xøm-

sd-Sp-∏n-\mbn Rm≥ G_-´m-_m-Zn-te°p t]mbn. Ah-[n-°m-e-

Øns‚ Ah-km-\- m-KØv da-km≥ amkw h∂p. BbnsS Rm≥

knbm¬t°m-´n-se-Øn-b-t∏mƒ DΩ Ft∂mSp ]d™p: "\ns‚

D∏ IcpXp-∂Xv \o t\mºp t\m‰n- p-≠m-hn√ F∂m-Wv. F∂m¬,

Fs‚ aI≥ Xo¿®-bmbpw t\mºv ]nSn-®n- p-≠mIpw F∂v Rm≥

Xd-∏n-®p-]-d-™p. C\n \o ]d-bp-I, Rßƒ c≠p-t]-cn¬ Bcp

]d-™-XmWv icn?'

""DΩ-bpsS \nK-a-\-amWv icn-sb-∂pw, Rms\√m t\mºpw

]nSn-®n-´p-s≠∂pw F∂√ C∂v bmX-bn-em-bn-cp-∂n´pw t\mºp

]nSn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw'' ]d-™p. (A-s∂-\n°v 17 hb- m-bn-

cp-∂p. bmXm-Zn-hkw t\mºv ]nSn-°m≥ ]mSn-s√∂ Imcyw

F\n°dnbp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√).

hnZym-`ym-k-Øn-∂mbn Cw•-≠n¬

1911-˛¬ Rm≥ _n.-F. ]m m-bn. D]cn ]T-\Øn\v Fs∂

Cw•-≠n-te°v Ab-°-W-sa∂v D∏ BK-ln-®p. At±-l-Øns‚

\n¿t±-i-]-Imcw Rm≥ Jeo- -Øp¬ akolv A∆¬(-d)-\v IsØ-

gp-XpIbpw D∏-bpsS BK-l-a-\p-k-cn®v Cw•-≠n¬ t]mIm-\mbn

46Fs‚ DΩ

lpkq-dn¬\n∂v A\p-hmZw tXSpIbpw sNbvXp. Rm\pw D∏bpw

"CkvXn-Jmd' (ssZ-th— Adn-bp-∂-Xn-\p≈ ]m¿∞-\) sNøm≥

lpkq¿ \n¿t±-in-®p. "CkvXn-Jmd' sNbvX-Xn-\p-tijw a\- n\v

Xr]vXn ssIh-∂m¬ Cw•-≠n-te°v t]mIm\pw ]d-™p.

Aßs\ Rßƒ c≠p-t]cpw "CkvXn-Jmd' sNbvXp. XS- -

amb Imcy-sam∂pw ImWm-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v D∏-bp-sS- \n¿t±ia-\p-

k-cn®v Rm≥ Cw•-≠n-te°v t]mIm-\p≈ Hcp°w XpS-ßn.

Zo¿L-amb Fs‚ Cu th¿]mSv DΩmbv°v Ak-ly-am-bn-cp-

∂p. XpS¿∂p≈ ]T\w Zo¿L-amb bmX sNøm≥ CS-h-cm-

sXbpw A[nIw Zqc-Øm-Im-tXbpw ASp-sØ-hn-sS-sb-¶nepw

BI-Ø-°-\n-e-bn¬ Xocp-am-\-ap-≠m-I-W-sa-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p DΩ-

bpsS BK-lw. ]t£, Xocp-am-\-ap-≠m-b-t∏mƒ Ah-km\w

Ah¿°pw AXnt\mSv tbmPnt°-≠n-h-∂p. F¶nepw DΩ-bpsS

kΩ-Xw, C„-s∏-SmØ ImesØ taLam-bn-cp-∂p.

1911 BKÃv amk-Øns‚ Ah-km\w Rm≥ knbm¬t°m-

ń¬\n∂v bmX-bm-bn. D∏bpw DΩbpw amXp-e\pw IqsS h∂n-

cp-∂p. BZyw Rß-sf-√m-hcpw JmZn-bm-\n¬ t]mbn. DΩ BZy-

ambn JmZn-bm-\n¬t]mb Ah-kcw CXm-sW-∂mWv Fs‚

Hm¿Ω. Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬ lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚

hoSp-Iƒ I≠n-´v, Xm≥ Hcp kz]v\-Øn¬ I≠ AtX -ho-Sp-Iƒ

Xs∂-bm-sW∂v DΩ Xncn-®-dn-™p. kµ¿ -h-im¬, kp_vlnbv°v

Ipd-®p-aptº Rßƒ knbm¬t°m-ń¬\n∂v ]pd-s∏-Sp-Ibpw

Akzv¿ t\cØv JmZn-bm-\n-se-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXv Ggp-

h¿jw aptº DΩ I≠ kz]v\-a-\p-k-cn®v Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

Rßƒ Hcp-Zn-hkta JmZn-bm-\n¬ \n∂p-≈q. B Ah-k-

c-Øn¬ F\n-t°m¿Ω-bp-≠v, lZvdØv DΩp¬ apA-van-\o≥ (a-

Ø-A-\ -√m -lp -_n -Xzqen lbm-Øn -lm) Xs∂-bmWv

Rßƒ°mbn `£Ww ]mNIw sNbvX-Xv.

]nt‰-Zn-hkw Rß-sf-√m-hcpw Aar-X-k¿hsc Hcp-an-®p-t]m-

bn. Ahn-sS-\n∂v DΩ, amXp-e-t\m-sSm∏w knbm¬t°m-ń-te-

47Fs‚ DΩ

°p-w Rm≥ D∏-tbm-sSm∏w t_mws_-bn-te°pw bmX Xncn-®p.

t_mws_-bn¬\n∂v Rm≥ I∏-en¬ bmX-]p-d-s∏-´-Xn-\p-tijw

D∏bpw knbm¬t°m- n-te°v t]mbn. Aar-X-k-dn¬ \n∂v bmX

]pd-s∏-´-bp-Ss\ DΩmbv°v t_m[-£bw D≠m-b-Xmbn ]n∂oSv

Rm≥ tI´p. knbm¬t°m-´p-h-sc-bp≈ bmX A[n-Ihpw CtX-

\n-e-bn¬ Xs∂-bmWv Ign-™-Xv.

an°-t∏mgpw DΩ ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p, B \mfp-I-fnse Fs‚

ÿnXn \o CXn-¬\n∂v Duln-®p-sIm-≈p-I: ""\o t]mb-Xn\p

c≠p \mep Znh-k-Øn-\p-ti-jw, \ns‚ D∏ knbm¬t°m-ń¬

aS-ßn-sb-tØ≠ Znhkw h∂-t∏mƒ, "A¬lw-Zp-en-√mlv C∂v

Fs‚ aI≥ Xncn-®p-ho-ń-seØpw' F∂v \ns‚ D∏-bp-sS-DΩ ]d-

bm≥ XpS-ßn. A°m-eØv Ah¿ knbm¬t°m-ń-emWv Xma-

kn-®n-cp-∂-Xv.

Hcp-]m-hiyw Cßs\ ]d-™-t∏mƒ Rm≥ au\w-]m-en-

®p. F∂m¬, CS-hn-ń-S-hn´v Ah¿ Cßs\ c≠p-aq∂p ]mhiyw

]d-™-t∏mƒ, Rms\s‚ s]mdp-Xn-tI-Sp-sIm≠v Ah-tcmSp

]d™p: "A∏®o! \nß-sf-¥n-\mWv Ft∏mgpw Cßs\ ]d™p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. \nß-fpsS aI≥ IS-ep-I-S-s∂ßpw t]mbn-

ń-√-t√m. C∂v h∂n-s√-¶n¬ \msf hcpw.'

Ct∏mƒ B kw`hw Hm¿°p-tºmƒ, F¥n-\m-W-ßs\ ]d-

™-sX∂v hnNm-cn®v F\n°v ]›m-Øm]w tXm∂mdp-≠v. ]t£,

Cu hmIyw A\n-b-¥n-X-ambn Fs‚ hmbn¬\n∂v ]pd-Øp-h-

∂p-t]m-b-Xm-Wv.''

Cw•-≠nse Fs‚ Xma-k-°mew DΩmbv°v hfsc _p≤n-

ap-ń-t‚-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. IrXy-ambn IsØ-gp-XpI amXsa Fs∂-

s°m≠v sNøm≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. Rm\-Xn¬ Hcn-°¬

t]mepw hogvN hcp-Øn-bn-cp-∂n-√.

Cw•-≠n¬ t]mIp∂ t\cØv F\n°v 18 hb- m-bn-cp-∂p.

AhnsS sN∂Xn\p-tijw a\- n¬ th¿]mSv A\p-`-h-s∏-´-

t∏mƒ, amXm-]n-Xm-°-fpsS hm’-ey-Øns‚ bYm¿∞m-hÿ

48Fs‚ DΩ

a\- n-em-°m≥ CS-bm-bn. At∏mƒ Fs‚ a\- nepw amXm-]n-

Xm-°-tfmSv Hcp ]pXnb kvt\lw DS-se-Sp-Øp. AXv XpS¿®-

bmbn A`n-hr-≤n-s∏-´p-sIm-t≠-bn-cp-∂p. Hcn-°¬ Rm≥

DΩmbv°v Hcp ]Xn⁄ F∂ \ne-bn¬ ]tXy-I-ambn FgpXn:

""Rms\s‚ a\- n¬ \nßƒ°p-th≠n kvt\l-Øns‚ Hcp

A\-¥-amb kapZw Fs‚ IqsS sIm≠p-h-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu

hnImcw h¿≤n-®p-sIm-t≠-t]m-Ipw. AXn¬ C≥im-A-√mlv Hcn-

°epw Ipdhp hcp-Øp-I-bn-√.'' Cu ]Xn⁄ ]I-Sn-∏n-®-Xn-\p-

tijw A√mlp DΩmbv°v 25 h¿jw ho≠pw PohnXw \evIn.

F\n°v Ahs‚ A\p-K-l-Ømepw Imcp-Wy-Ømepw B

]Xn⁄ ]q¿Ø-bm-°m≥ Xu^oJpw e`n®p. ^¬lw-Zp-en-

√mln Aem Zmen-Iv.

Ct∏mƒ DΩ Xs‚ bP-am-\s‚ k∂n-[n-bn¬ t]mbn-°-gn-

™n-´pw, AhcptSbpw Rß-fp-tSbpan-S-bn¬ _mly-ambn

th¿]mSv D≠m-bn´ps≠¶nepw Fs‚ a\- ns‚ Ahÿ AXp-

X-s∂-bm-Wv. F∂-√, kvt\lhpw ZpxJhpw IqSn-t®¿∂v A¤p-

X-I-c-amb ]pXn-sbmcp Ahÿ kr„n-®p-X-∂n-cn-°p-∂p. F\n-

°p-≠m-Ip∂ B A\p-`-h-⁄m\w A√m-lp-hnt\ Adn-bq.

1914- am¿®n¬ Rm≥ Cw•-≠n-em-bn-cp-∂-t∏m-gmWv Jeo-^-

Øp¬ akolv A∆¬(-d)s‚ tZl-hn-tbm-K-ap-≠m-b-Xv. lpkq-

dns‚ tZl-hn-tbm-KsØ XpS¿∂v Pam-A-Øn¬ A`n-]m-b-`n-

∂X D≠m-bn-´p-s≠∂v D∏ Fgp-Xn-b-dn-bn-®p. ""CXv Cuams‚

Imcy-am-Wv. \o F¥mWv sNtø-≠-sX∂v Rm≥ \nt∂mSv ]d-

bp-∂n-√. F¥p Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°p-I-bm-sW¶nepw Nn¥n®pw

Btem-Nn-®-Xn\pw tijw FSp-°-W-sa∂pamXw ]d-bp-∂p.

[ndpXn ImWn-°-cp-Xv.''

DΩ F\n-s°-gp-Xn: ""Pam-A-Øn¬ sImSp-¶m-‰-Sn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

Rm≥ lZvdØv Jeo- -Øp¬ akolv Ym\n(-d)bv°v _bv-AØv

sNbvXp-I-gn-™p. \ns‚ ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿°pw ktlm-Z-cn-am¿°pw

th≠n IsØ-gp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. Ct∏mƒ \o _bv-AØv sNbvXp-

sIm≠v IsØ-gp-Xn-bn-´ns√-¶n¬ DSs\ Fgp-Xp-I, Xma-kn-∏n-

49Fs‚ DΩ

°-cpXv F∂v \ns∂ D]-tZ-in-°p-∂p.''

c≠m-w Jnem-^-Øn\v _bv-AØv

Cu L´-Ønepw DΩ Xs‚ kz]v\-ß-fp-tSbpw Z¿i-\-ß-fp-

tSbpw ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ £W-Øn¬ _bv-AØv sNbvXp. D∏

Ipd-®p-Zn-h-ksØ CS-th-f-bv°p-ti-j-amWv _bv-AØv sNbvX-

Xv. Xs‚ Z¿i-\-ßfpw DΩ-bpsS Z¿i-\-ßfpw Nne-t∏mƒ tbmPn-

®p-h-cm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v lZvdØv Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv

Ym\o(-d) ]e-t∏mgpw ]d™n-´p-≠v. lpkq-dn\v ImWn-®p

sImSpØ coXn-bn¬Xs∂ A√mlp Ahs‚ A\p-K-l-Øm¬

DΩmbv°pw Nne Imcy-ßƒ ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p. Cu L -

Ønepw DΩm-bpsS Hcp kz]v\sØ kw_-‘n®v lpkq-dns‚

A`n-]mbw Cß-s\-bm-bn-cp∂p:

""DΩ kz]v\-Øn¬ I≠p. sh≈-s∏m°w D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

CS-h-gn-I-fn-se√mw sh≈w thK-Øn¬ s]mßn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-

I-bm-Wv. Bfp-Iƒ Ah-cpsS hoSp-I-fpsS ta¬Ø-´p-I-fn¬ Ib-

dn-°q-Sn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. kwkm-cn-°p-∂ Hcp apb¬ sh≈-Øn¬

\o¥n-°-d-ßp∂p F∂ i–w Fhn-sS-\nt∂m tIƒ°m≥ XpS-

ßn. ]n∂oSv B apb¬ \ΩpsS hoSns‚ ap‰ØpsaØn. Hcp ac-

°-jW-Øn¬ Ccn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p AXv. B ac-°-jWw sh≈-

Øn¬ Hgp-In-°-d-ßn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. DΩ hoSns‚ ta¬Ø-

´n¬\n∂v AXn-t\mSp tNmZn®p: ""JzmP, \nßƒ kwkm-cn-°m-

dpt≠m?'' D≠v F∂v apb¬ adp-]Sn ]d-™p. ""JzmPm, Fßpw-

ap-ßn-t∏m-I-cpXv'' F∂v DΩ AXn-t\mSp ]d-™-t∏mƒ ""Rm≥

apßp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ a‰p-≈-h-tc-bpw-sImt≠ apßp-I-bp≈q''

F∂v apb¬ ]d-™p.''

Cu Zn\-ß-fn¬ DΩ as‰mcp kz]v\hpw I≠p: ""hnim-e-

amb Hcp ssaXm-\Øv [mcm-f-am-fp-Iƒ kwL-Sn-®n-cn°p-∂p.

Ft¥m kw`hw Ah¿ ]Xo-£n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bmWv

tXm∂p-∂-Xv. Aev]w Ign-™-t∏mƒ qan-bn¬\n∂v Hcp ]Imiw

shfn-s∏-´p. AXv sshZyp-Xn-bm¬ ]h¿Øn°p∂ henb ]Im-

i-ap≈ hnf-°ns‚ cq]-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p. sas√-sas√ AXv `qan-

50Fs‚ DΩ

bn¬\n∂v Db-cm≥ XpS-ßn. AXns‚ Xmgv`m-KØv LSn-∏n-®n-

´p≈ GtXm -b¥Øns‚ i‡n-sIm-≠mWv AXv apI-fn-te°v

Db-cp-∂-sX∂v tXm∂p-∂p. B ]Imiw shfn-s∏´ DSs\ Bfp-

Iƒ AXn-te°v i≤n-°m\pw ASp-Øp-\n∂v ImWm≥ th≠n

HmSn AXn-\-Sp-sØ-Øm\pw ian-°p-∂p. DΩbpw B ]Im-i-

Øns‚ `mK-tØ°v \S-°p-Ibpw s]s´∂v h∂v B ]Imiw

ASp-Øp-\n∂v ImWm≥ D∏sb hnfn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ASp-

Øp-\n∂v ImWp∂ B\µw a\p-jys‚ s]m°-Øn-\ptase

AXp-b¿∂p-I-gn-™m¬ e`n-°p-I-bn-√. Aßs\ D∏bpw

DΩbpsS ]n∂mse B ]Im-i-Øn-te°v s]s´∂v \S-°m≥

XpS-ßn. Ah¿ c≠p-t]cpw I≠p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Cu ]Imiw

Db¿∂pw ]c∂pw BIm-iw-aps´ FØn. AXns‚ shfn-®-Øm¬

ssaXm-\w apgp-h\pw ]Im-i-a-b-am-bn. Hmh¿t°m´pw Xp¿°n

sXm∏nbpw [cn® Nne-bm-fp-Iƒ CsXm∂pw i≤n-°msX Ipd®p

Zqc-Ømbn Hcp \Zn-bpsS XocØv \nev]p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-sc-

¥mWv sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂pw Cu a\w-Ip-fn¿°p∂

ImgvN ImWm≥ Ah¿ i≤n-°m-Ø-sX-¥m-sW∂pw DΩ, D∏-

tbmSp tNmZn-®p. D∏ ]d™p: "C°q-´¿ sh≈-Øns‚ Hgp°v

t\m°n-s°m-≠n-cn -°p-I-bmWv; AsX-hn -sS-\n∂p h∂p,

Ftßm´p t]mIp∂p F∂v.'

DΩ ]d-bm-dp-≠m-bn-cp∂p: ""\ns‚ D∏ _bv-AØv sNøm≥

Xma-kn-®-t∏mƒ F\n°v h√mØ ]cn-àap≠m-bn-. At±-l-Øn\v

FXbpw s]s´∂v icn-bmb Xocp-am\w FSp-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-

Xn-\mbn Rm≥ Hcp-]mSv ZpB sNbvXp.

""\ΩpsS hoń¬ Bbn-Sbv°v P\-Øn-c-°m-bn-cp-∂p. `n∂n-

∏ns\ kw_-‘n®mbn-cp∂p N¿® \S-∂n-cp-∂Xv. Hcp-]m-Sm-fp-

Iƒ IqSnb Hcp-Zn-hkw i‡-amb \ne-bn¬ N¿® \S-°p-tºmƒ-

NnecpsS i–w c≠mw \ne-hsc FØn. \ns‚ D∏ F¥p-

sIm≠v s]s´∂v Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°p-∂n-s√-∂pw, F¥n-\mWv CX

Zo¿L-amb N¿®-bn¬ G¿s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-sX∂pw Hm¿Øv Rm≥

hnj-an-®p. Cu tZzj-Øn¬ Rm≥ tKmh-Wn-bpsS hmXn-en¬

51Fs‚ DΩ

i‡-ambn apń-hn-fn-®p. At∏mƒ \ns‚ D∏ Ctßm´p t\m°n.

At±lw s]s´∂v ]cn- -an®v apI-fn¬h∂v F¥mWv Imcy-sa∂v

Akz-ÿ-X-tbmsS Xnc-°n. F¥n-\mWv CX i‡-ambn \o

hmXn-en¬ apń-bXv? Rm≥ ]d-™p, "_bv-AØv sNømsX Xma-

kn-∏n-°p-∂Xp ImWp-tºmƒ F\n°p ]cn-àw tXm∂p-∂p.

\nßƒ s]s´∂v _bv-AØv sNøm≥ Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°-W-sa∂v

Rm\m-K-ln-°p-∂p. Cu N¿®-I-sf√mw Ah-km-\n-∏n-°pI. Jnem-

^Øv \ntj-[n-I-tfm-Sp, C\n Cu N¿®-I-fpambn ChnsS hc-cp-

sX∂v ]d-bp-I.'

"Rm≥ Nn¥n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. ASp-Øp-Xs∂ Fs¥-

¶nepw Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°-Ww' Fs∂ms° ]d™v At±lw

Fs∂ kam-[m\n-∏n-°m≥ Iptd ian-®p. ]t£ F\n-s°-hnsS

kam-[m\w In´m-\mWv? AXv Ign-™p-≈ Hmtcm \nan-jhpw

F\n°v ]¿∆-Xw-t]mse mc-ta-dnbXmbn tXm∂n-. Cßs\ Ipd-

®p-Zn-hkw ho≠pw Ign-™p. Rm≥ ZpB sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cp-

∂p. Fs‚ Ign-h-\p-k-cn®v \ns‚ D∏mbv°v a\- n-em-°n-s°m-

Sp-°m\pw ian-®p. At±lw ]p©n-cn-°pI amX-amWv sNbvXXv;

Nn¥n-°p-I-bm-sW∂v ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøpw. Rm≥ ho≠pw ZpB-

bn¬ apgp-Ipw.

HSp-hn¬ Hcp Znhkw Cim \a-kvI-m-cØn-\p-tijw "Xm≥

_bv-A-Øv sN-øm≥ Xocp-am-\n-®n-cn-°p∂p' F∂v At±lw ]d-

™p. AXp-tI-´-t∏mƒ temIw apgp-h≥ F\n-°p-th≠n ]Im-

in-®-Xp-t]mse tXm∂n. Rm\p-Ss\ A√m-lp-hn\v ipIv¿

sNbvXp. DSs\ IsØ-gp-Xm≥ At±-l-tØmSv ]d-™p. \msf

cmhn-etb IØv t]mIp-I-bp-≈q-sh∂pw AXn-\m¬ cmhnse

IsØ-gp-Xm-sa∂pw At±lw ]d-™p. Xma-kn-∏n-°msX IØp-

Ss\ Fgp-Xm≥ Rm≥ \n¿_-‘n-®p. IØv s\©-Øp-sh-®p-sIm-

≠p-d-ßtWm F∂-t±lw tNmZn-®p. AXp-X-s∂-bmWv th≠Xv

F∂p Rm≥ adp-]Sn ]d™p. F\n°p cmXn Dd-ßm≥ Ign-bp-

I-bn-s√∂pw AXp-sIm≠v \nßƒ Ct∏mƒØs∂ IsØ-gp-X-

W-sa-∂mWv Rm\m-K-ln-°p-∂-sX∂pw AXv Rm≥ Fs‚ s\©-

52Fs‚ DΩ

Øp-sh-®p-sIm≠v kam-[m-\-tØmsS Dd-ßp-sa∂pw ]d-™p.

Aßs\ At±lw B ka-b-Øp-Xs∂ IsØ-gpXn F\n-°p-X-

∂p. Rm\Xv Fs‚ s\©-Øp-sh-®p-sIm≠v Dd-ßp-Ibpw t\cw

shfp-Øbp-Ss\ Ab-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.'

Rm≥ Cw•-≠n¬ hnZym-¿∞nbm-bn-cp-∂-t∏mgmWv 1914

Pqembv Ah-km\w bqtdm-∏n¬ bp≤w XpS-ßn-b-Xv. BKÃv

Bcw-`Øn¬ _n´\pw bp≤-Øn¬ ]¶p-tN¿∂p. bp≤w Imc-

W-Øm¬ t]m°p-h-c-hn¬ Nne XS- -ßƒ D≠m-bn. C¥ybv°pw

Cw•-≠n-\p-an-S-bn¬ X]m¬ t]m°p-h-c-hnepw Hcm-gvN-bn-e-[nIw

Xmakw t\cn-´p. BZy-ta-Xs∂ bp≤-hm¿Ø-Iƒ tI´v DΩ ]cn-

`-an-®n-cp-∂p. X]m¬ hchpw sshIp-sa∂v Adn-™-t∏mƒ

t_m[w-sI- p-ho-Wp. D∏ BZy-ta- DΩbpsS am\-kn-Im-h-ÿ-Iƒ

hfsc i≤n-°p-Ibpw kam-[m-\n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p.

Ct∏mƒ IqSp-X¬ kq£vaX ]men-°m≥ XpS-ßn.

D∏ ]d-bm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. "bp≤w XpS-ßn-b-Xp-ap-X¬ \ns‚

Xncn-®p-h-c-hv h-sc-bp≈ aq∂p-am-k-°mew F\n°v aq∂p-

h¿jsØ°mf-[nIw _p≤n-ap-´p-≈-Xm-bn-Øo¿∂n-cp-∂p. \ns‚

DΩ-bpsS KXn-ap-´nb Ahÿ I≠n-´v, \ns∂ Cw•-≠n-te°v

Ab®Xn¬ Rm≥ Ft¥m Ip‰w sNbvX-Xp-t]mse tXm∂n-

t∏mbn-cp-∂p. HSp-hn¬ A√mlp Ahs‚ A\p-K-lw-sIm≠v

\ns∂ kpJ-am-b-\n-e-bn¬ Xncn-®p-sIm-≠p-h-∂-t∏mƒ \ns‚ DΩ-

bpsS Bflmhn¬ Poh≥ hoWp. Fs‚ Poh≥ c£-s∏-Sp-Ibpw

sNbvXp.'

bqtdm-∏n¬\n-∂p≈ Fs‚ Xncn-®p-h-chv

1914 \hw-_¿ BZy-Øn¬ Rm≥ C¥y-bn¬ Xncn-s®-Øn.

BZyw Zmdp¬ Aam-\n¬ lmP-cmbn tcJm-]-c-ambn _bv-AØp

sNøpIbpw, \mhp-sIm≠v km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

lZvdØv Jeo-^-Øp¬ ako-lns\ kµ¿in®v Xr]vXn-tbmsS

knbm¬t°m-´n-se-Øn.

bp≤w Imc-W-Øm¬ B \mfp-I-fn¬ IS¬am¿§w kpc-

53Fs‚ DΩ

£n-X-a-√m-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v Rm≥, ASpØv \mń-se-Øp-

sa∂v amXsa D∏sb Adn-bn-®n-cp-∂p-≈q. XnbXn H∂pw ]d-

™n-cp-∂n-√. Rm≥ emtlm-dn-se-Øn-°-gn-™-t∏mƒ, kpJ-ambn

Rms\-Øn-bn-´p-s≠∂v D∏mbv°v hnhcw Inń. Cu hm¿Ø

tI´p-Ss\ hgn-bn¬sh-®p-Xs∂ ImWp-∂-Xn-\mbn DΩbpw amXp-

e\pw ipIvdp-√mlv Jmt\bpw Iqń knbm¬t°m- n¬\n∂v hko-

dm-_m-Zn-se-Øn-sb-¶nepw Fs‚ hc-hn-s\-°p-dn®v Dd-®-hn-hcw

In´m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v cmXn AhnsS ImØp-\n-∂-Xn-\p-ti-jw, amXp-

es\ AhnsS \ndpØn ipIvdp-√mlv Jmt\msSm∏w DΩ Xncn®p

knbm¬t°m-ń-te°p t]mbn. aWn-°q-dp-Iƒ Ign™v Rm≥

DΩ-bpsS ASp-sØ-Øn.

1914 Unkw-_¿ apX¬ 1916 BK-Ãp-hsc Rm≥ D∏-tbm-

sSm∏w knbm¬t°m-ń¬ h°m-eØv ]mŒokv sNbvXp. 1916

BK-Ãn¬ "C¥y≥ tIkkv' F∂ amkn-I-bpsS kl-]-Xm-[n-

]¿ F∂ \ne-bn¬ emtlm-dn-te°p t]mbn. kabw Ign-™p-

t]m-Ip-∂-Xn-\-\p-k-cn®v AhnsS sslt°m-S-Xn-bn¬ ]mŒo-kn-

\p≈ Ah-k-c-ßfpw Inń-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. FX-tØm-f-sa-∂m¬,

Ipd-®p-Im-e-Øn-\p-tijw Fs‚ A[n-I-k-a-bhpw sslt°m-S-

Xn-tPmen-bn¬ sNe-h-gn-bm≥ XpS-ßn.

JmZn-bm-\n¬ ]nXm-hns‚ Xmakw

1917 G]n¬ amk-Øn¬ D∏ h°m-eØv ]mŒokv Dt]-£n-

°p-Ibpw Ipd-®p-am-k-Øn-\p-tijw JmZn-bm-\n¬ ÿnc-Xm-a-k-

am-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. 1905-˛¬ BZy-ambn At±lw JmZn-bm-\n¬

h∂-t∏mƒ, C„-s∏-Sp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Xm≥ h°m-eØv ]mŒokv

Hgn-hm°n Xs‚ apgp-h≥ ka-bhpw Zo\n-\p-th≠n sNe-h-gn-

°m≥ Xøm-dm-sW∂v lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)-t\mSv ]d-

™n-cp-∂XmWv. F∂m¬, Xm¶ƒ ]mŒokv XpS-cpI F∂mWv

lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) ]d-™-Xv. C]-Imcw lZvdØv

akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ tZl-hn-tbm-K-Øn-\p-tijw lZvdØv

Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv A∆-en-t\mSpw ]d-™n-cp-∂p. F∂m¬

"lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) F¥mtWm ]d-™Xv AX-\p-k-

54Fs‚ DΩ

cn®v sNøm-\mWv' Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv A∆¬(-d) ]d-™Xv.

Jnem-^sØ Ym\n-bm-bpsS Imew Bcw-`n®v Ipd®p Ign-™-

t∏mƒ lZvdØv Jeo-^-Øp¬ ako-lv Ym-\n(-d) "Zo\o tkh-\-

Øn-\mbn Xm¶sf Ft∏m-gmWv ka¿∏n-°p-∂Xv' F∂v D∏-tbmSp

tNmZn-®p. "Rm\nXm lmP-cm-bn-cn-°p-∂p-'sh∂v At±lw ]d-

™p. lpkq¿ Iev]n-®m-ep-S≥ h°m-eØv Dt]£n®v lpkq-

dns‚ k∂n-[n-bn¬ hcp-∂-Xm-Wv.

Aßs\ 1917-˛¬ At±lw Zmdp¬ Aam-\n¬ ÿnc-Xm-a-k-

am-°p-Ibpw lZvdØv Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv Ym\n(-d) \nkzm-

dsØ AA-vem-bpsS Imcy-ßƒ At±-lsØ Gev]n-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp. CXn-\p-]p-dsa _nlnivXn aJv_d hn`m-K-Øns‚ Npa-

X-ebpw At±-l-Øn-∂m-bn-cp-∂p. Hgnhv kabw lZvdØv akolv

auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ KŸ-ß-fpsS C‚Ivkv Xøm-dm-°p-∂-Xn¬ sNe-

h-gn-®pt]m-∂p. h°me-Øv ]mŒokv sNøp∂ ImeØpw

At±lw kZv¿ A©p-a≥ Alva-Zn-øm-bpsS AwKhpw kZv¿

A©p-a≥ Alva-Zn-øm-bpsS \nb-tam-]-tZ-i-I-\p-am-bn-cp-∂p.

D∏ Zmdp¬-A-am-\n¬ Xma-k-am-°n-b-Xn-\p-tijw DΩ

A[nIhpw Ukv°bn¬X-s∂-bmWv Xma-kn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. CS-

bv°nsS JmZn-bm-\nepw t]mIp-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, Hmtcm-X-h-

Wbpw Ht∂m-ct≠m amk-Øn-e-[nIw Ah¿ JmZn-bm-\n¬ Xma-

kn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Nne-t∏mƒ Fs‚-b-Sp-°¬ emtlm-dnepw

hcp-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, Ahn-sSbpw Ah-cpsS Xmakw Hmtcm

Xh-Wbpw Ipd®p Znh-ktam Ipd®v BgvNtbm amX-am-bn-cp-∂p.

D∏-bp-sSbpw DΩ-bp-sSbpw l÷v

1924-˛se th\¬°m-eØv D∏bpw DΩbpw l÷v sNøp-∂-

Xn-\mbn t]mbn. kap-Z-Ønse Cf°w Imc-W-Øm¬ bmX-

bv°n-S-bn¬ A[n-Ihpw D∏mbv°v kpJ-an-√m-Xm-bn. ]t£, kap-

Z-bmX hfsc C„-s∏-´p-sh∂pw bmXbn¬ BtcmKyw \√-\n-

e-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw DΩ- ]-d-bpIbp-≠m-bn-.

l÷n\p t]mIp-tºmƒ DΩ X\n°pw D∏mbv°pw th≠n

55Fs‚ DΩ

"I^≥' s]mXn-bm-\p≈ XpWnbpw Xøm-dm-°n-sIm-≠p-t]m-bn-

cp-∂p. l÷v Zn\-ß-fn¬ B XpWn-Iƒ kwkw sh≈-Øn¬

IgpIn kq£n-®p-h-bv°m-\pw, kabw hcp-tºmƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°m-

\p-am-bn-cp∂p AXv.

l÷v sNbvXv aS-ßn-h-∂-Xn-\ptijw c≠p-h¿jsØ

PohnXwIqSn A√mlp D∏mbv°v \evIn. 1925 BK-Ãn¬ DΩbpw

D∏bpw Fs‚ IqsS Iivao-cn¬ t]mIpI F∂p-t±-iy-tØmsS

]pd-s∏- p. hgn-bn¬ Ipd-®p-Zn-hkw "tImslsacn' (tacn-ae) F∂

ÿeØv Rßƒ Xma-kn-®p. Cu Npcp-ßnb Xma-k-Øn-∂n-S-

bn¬ D∏-bpsS BtcmKyw hfsc tami-am-Ip-Ibpw Kpcp-X-cm-h-

ÿ-bn-se-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]t£, B A-h-k-c-Øn¬

A√mlphns‚ A\p-K-lw-sIm≠v At±-l-Øn\v BtcmKyw

Inń. F¶nepw At±-l-Øns‚ tcmKw Imc-W-Øm¬ BKÃv

sk]vXw -_¿ amk-Øns‚ A[n -I -`m -Khpw Rßƒ°v

"tImslsa-cn-'bn¬ Ign-®p-Iq-t´-≠n-h-∂p. sk]vXw-_-dns‚ HSp-

hn-emWv Rßƒ°v Aev]-Zn-h-k-tØ°v Iivao-cn¬ t]mIm≥

km[n-®-Xv. Aßs\ A√mlp Ah-cpsS Cu BK-lhpw

]q¿Øn-bm-°n.

D∏-bp-sS AkpJw

1926 Pqsse As√-¶n¬ BK-Ãns‚ Bcw-`-Øn¬ Pam-A-

Øns‚ Hcp tIkn¬ km£n ]d-bp-∂-Xn-\mbn D∏ JmZn-bm-

\n¬\n∂v knbm¬t°m-ń-te°v t]mbn. B tIkp-ambn _‘-

s∏´v Rm\pw knbm¬t°m-ń¬ t]mbn-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. X\n°v

Npa-bp-s≠∂v Ahn-sS-h®v D∏ Ft∂mSp ]d-™p. ]t£, Fs¥-

¶nepw ]tXyI _p≤n-ap-´p-≈-Xmbn ]d-™n-√. tI ns‚ \S-]-

Sn-I-fn¬\n∂v Hgn-hm-b-Xn-\ptijw D∏ Ukv°-bn-te°pw Rm≥

Xncn®v emtlm-dn-te°pw t]mbn.

BKÃv 12- \v D∏mbv°v AkpJw IqSp-X-em-sW-∂p≈ Adn-

bn∏p Inń. Rm\p-Ss\ Ukv°-bn-te-°p-t]m-bn. D∏-tbbpw DΩ-

tbbpw emtlm-dn-te°p Iqń-s°m-≠p-h-∂p. emtlm-dn-seØn

]cn-tim-[n-®-t∏mƒ, -A-t±-l-Øn\v "πq-sdkn'bpsS _p≤n-ap-´p-

56Fs‚ DΩ

s≠∂v Adn-bm≥ Ign-™p. izmk-tIm-i-Øns‚ XmgsØ

t\cnb N¿Ω-Øn¬ sh≈w sI´n-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. c≠mw Znhkw

Cu sh≈w \o°w sNbvXp. CXp-ap-tJ\ Npa Hcp-]mSv Ipd-

™p. ]Xy-£-Øn¬ At±-l-Øns‚ BtcmKyw \√ \ne-bn-

em-bn.

At±lw kzbw sshZyw ]Tn® Bfm-bn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v

tcmK-Øns‚ e£-W-Øn¬\n∂v AXv GXv C\-Øn¬s∏-´-Xm-

sW∂v Xncn-®-dn-™n-cp∂p. emtlm-dn-seØn c≠p-aq∂v Znhkw

Ign™v Ft∂mSp ]d™p: ""Pohn-Xhpw ac-Whpw A√m-lp-

hns‚ A[n-Im-c-Øn-ep-≈-Xm-Wv. ]Xy-£-Øn¬ BtcmKyw \√

\ne-bn-epam-Wv. A√mlp C—n-®m¬ ]cn-]q¿Æ-kpJw In´pw.

]t£, tcmK-Øns‚ e£Ww I≠p-sIm≠pw Fs‚ ]mbw

IW-°n-se-SpØpw Ipd®p \n¿t±-i-ßƒ \ns∂-s°m-s≠-gp-Xn-

°m-sa∂v Rm\m-K-ln-°p-∂p.'' Rm≥ IS-emkpw t]\-bp-sa-Sp-

Øp. At±lw Npcp°w Nne \n¿t±-i-ßƒ Fgp-Xn-®p. Ah-bn-

sem-∂v,- l-ZvdØv kmln-_n-t\mSv _p≤n-ap-s´m-∂p-an-s√-¶n¬ (B

Zn\-ß-fn¬ lpkq¿ U¬lu-kn-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p) Fs‚ P\mk

\a-kvI-cn-∏n-°m≥ ]d-bWw F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\p-tijw

Ah-km-\-k-a-bw-hsc C∂Xv sNø-W-sa∂pw C∂Xv sNø-cpXv

F∂pap≈ Hcm-Klhpw ]I-Sn-∏n-®n-cp-∂n-√. XpS¿∂v At±-l-

Øns‚ BtcmKyw ]Xy-£-Øn¬ sa®-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Xn∂p-Ibpw

IpSn-°p-Ibpw \S-°p-I-bp-sams° km[m-cW \ne-bn-em-Ip-Ibpw

sNbvXp.

"\nß-sfm-cn-°epw U¬lu-kn-bn¬ h∂n-´n-√-t√m. C]m-

hiyw F¥m-bmepw hcWw' F∂v lZvdØv kmln_v F\n-

s°-gp-Xn-bn-cp-∂p F∂ hnhcw Hcp Znhkw Rm≥ D∏sb Adn-

bn-®-t∏mƒ "AXp-icn. C]m-hiyw U¬lu-kn°v t]mImw'

F∂v hfsc Xm¬]-cy -tØmsS ]d -™p. "AßbpsS

BtcmKyØns‚ Ahÿ CXm-Wv. ]t£, U¬lu-kn°p

t]mIm-\m-K-ln-°p∂p' F∂v DΩ ]p©n-cn-®p-sIm≠v A`n-]m-

b-s∏- -t∏mƒ D∏ ]d-™p. "A√mlp kpJw Xcn-s√∂v Bc-dn-™p.'

57Fs‚ DΩ

BKÃv Ah-km-\-Øn¬ ho≠pw izmk-tIm-i-Øn¬ `mcw

IqSm≥ XpS-ßn. AXn¬\n∂v ]nt∂bpw sh≈w sI´n-bn-´p-

s≠∂v a\- n-em-bn. UmŒ-dpsS A`n-]mbw sh≈w \o°w

sNøWw F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. sh≈w \o°w sNøp-∂Xv C]m-

hiyw D∏ `b-∂n-cp-∂p. Rm≥ DΩ-bp-ambn Btem-Nn-®p.

UmŒ¿am-cpsS A`n-]-mb-Øn¬ CXmWv NnIn-’-sb-¶n¬ ]ns∂

as‰mcp hgnbp-ans√∂v DΩ ]d-™p. Aßs\ D∏bpw AXp

kΩ-Xn-®p. BKÃv 29 Rmb-dmgvN c≠mw-h´w sh≈w \o°w

sNbvXp. B t\cØv tUmŒ¿am¿ apdn-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ Imc-

W-Øm¬ DΩ apdn-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. thsd GtXm apdn-bn¬

kpPq-Zn¬ hoWv ZpB sNøp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. UmŒ¿am¿ ASp-Ø-

ap-dn-bn-te°v t]mb-t∏mƒ Rm≥ DΩsb hnhcw Adn-bn-°p-

Ibpw D∏ InS∂ apdn-bn-te°v hcn-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]n∂oSv

UmŒ¿am¿ c≠m-asØ apdn-bn¬\n∂v ]pd-tØ°v t]mIp-∂Xv

I≠-t∏mƒ DΩ Aev]w ]cn-`-an-®p. am‰n\n-dpØn Ft∂mSp

]d™p: ""A√mlp \√-Xp-h-cp-Ø-s´. Ipd-®p-Zn-hkw aptº Rm≥

\nt∂mSp ]d™ kz]v\w \n\°v Hm¿Ω-bpt≠m? _w•m-hn¬

\n∂v ]pd-tØ-°p-t]m-Ip∂ c≠msf Rm≥ kz]v\-Øn¬ I≠n-

t√, Cu apdn-bn¬\n∂v Ct∏mƒ ]pd-tØ-°p-t]mb c≠p-t]¿

Xs∂-bm-bn-cp∂p AXv. CtX hkvX-Øn¬ Xs∂-bmWv Rm\-

hsc kz]v\-Øn¬ I≠-Xv. Ah-cpsS ]Xna apdn-bn¬\n∂v ]pd-

tØ-°n-d°p-∂Xv C]-Imcw ]n≥`m-K -Øp-\n∂v Rm≥

I≠XmWv.

CXn\v Ipd-®p-Zn-hkw aptº DΩ-I≠ Hcp kz]v\w Ft∂mSp

]d-™n-cp-∂p. ""Cw•ojv hkvXw [cn® c≠p hy‡nIƒ apdn-

bn¬\n∂v ]pd-tØ°v t]mIp-∂p. Cu c≠p-t]¿ Nu±-co-km-ln-

_ns\ (D-∏-sb) sIme-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- mWv t]mIp-∂-sX∂v Btcm

Ahsc Nq≠n-s°m≠v ]d-™p.''

B Znhkw D®-hsc D∏-bpsS BtcmKyw \√ \ne-bn-em-

bn-cp-∂p. D®bv°v izmtkmOzmkØn¬ _p≤n-ap-´-\p-`-h-s∏-´p-

Xp-S-ßn. BZyw izmk-tIm-i-Øns‚ ASn-`m-KØv Iptds» thZ-

58Fs‚ DΩ

\-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, 30-˛\v cmhnse thZ\ Ipd-™p-sh-

¶nepw izmk-X-S w D≠m-bn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. NnIn-’bpw \S-

°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, ]Xp-s°-∏-Xps° Ahÿ tami-

am-bn-s°m-t≠-t∏m-bn. tcmK-Øns‚ Ah-km-\-L-´-amW-sX∂v

At±lw kzbw a\- n-em-°n-°gn™n-cp-∂p. F¶nepw At±-l-

Øn¬\n∂v Hcp-X-c-Øn-ep≈ Akz-ÿ-Xtbm hnjtam ]I-S-

am-bn-cp-∂n-√. 31-˛mw XnbXn cmhnse Rm≥ D∏-bp-sS-b-Sp-Øp-\n-

s∂-gp-t∂‰v \a-kvI-cn-°m≥ t]mbn. \a-kvIm-c-Ønse Fs‚

Ic-®n-¬ D∏ms‚ sNhn-bn¬ ]Xn-™p. "s]s -∂p-t]mbn Ahs\

kam-[m-\n-∏n-°m\pw UmŒ¿ ]d-bp-∂-Xp-tI´v Ah≥ ]cn-`-an-

®n-´p-s≠∂v a\- n-em-Ip-s∂∂pw hfsc hnja-tØm-sS DΩ-

tbmSp ]d-™p.

D∏-bpsS ac-WsØ°pdn®p≈ DΩ I≠ kz]v\w

AtXZnhkw DΩ Xm≥I≠ Hcp kz]v\w Fs∂ tIƒ∏n-

®p. AXv Ah¿ Xte∂pcmXn I≠-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. "\ns‚ D∏

Hcp tai-bpsSbSpØp Itk-c-bn-en-cp∂v Ft¥m Fgp-Xn-s°m-

≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Xs‚ tPmen-bn¬ _≤-i-≤-\m-Wv. AtX

apdn-bn¬ Hcp tkm^-bn¬ Hcp bphXn Ccn-°p-∂p-≠v. "Xm¶ƒ

t]mIp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Cu kvXotbbpw Iq´n-s°m-≠p-t]m-IpI'

F∂v ipIvdp-√mlvJm≥ \ns‚ D∏-tbmSp ]d-™p. \ns‚ D∏

AhnsS Ccp-∂p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ IgpØv Xncn®v (Xs‚ tPmen°v

hnLv\w hcp-∂Xv C„-s∏-SmsX AXv s]s´∂v Xo¿°m-\m-K-

ln-°p∂p F∂ a´n¬) "tams\, F\n°v PpapA Znhkw Ah[n

In´pw' F∂v adp-]Sn ]d-™p.'

"Ah[n' F∂ ]Z-Øn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv, Ct±lw

PpapA Znhkw XpS-ßp-tºmƒØs∂ Ah-[n-sb-SpØp t]mIp-

sa-∂m-sW∂v DΩ Ft∂mSp ]d-™p. AXp-sIm≠v UmŒ¿

F¥pw ]d-™p-sIm-≈-s´. \o Ct∏mƒ apX¬Xs∂ F√m Hcp-

°-ßfpw sNøp-I. At±lw hnS-]-d™ DS-s\-Xs∂ JmZn-bm-

\n-te°v sIm≠p-t]m-Im-\mbn hymgmgvN sshIp-t∂-c-Øn-\p-

≈n¬ F√m Hcp-°-ßfpw ]q¿Øn-bm-°-Ww. \n\°v CXn-\p-

59Fs‚ DΩ

aptº CØcw Hc-h-kcw ImtW-≠n-h-∂n- n√; bYm¿∞ kabw

hcp-tºmƒ ]cn-`-an-®p-t]m-Ip∂ Hc-hÿ D≠m-I-cp-Xv. A√m-

lp-hns‚ C„w C]-Im-c-am-sW-∂mWv a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv. AXp-

sIm≠v Ct∏mƒ apX¬ Xøm-sd-Sp∏v \S-Øp-I. \ns‚ ktlm-Z-

c-∑m¿°v DSs\ IsØ-gp-Xp-I. c≠p-t]¿ FXbpw s]s´∂v

ChnsS FØ-s´. Hcmƒ s]ßsf sIm≠p-h-cm≥ t]mI-s´.

\ns‚ s]ßsf Iq´m≥ t]mIp-∂-bm-tfmSv "hymgmgvN kqcy≥

AkvX-an-°p-∂-Xn-\p-aptº ChnsS FØn-t®-cm≥' \n¿_-‘-

ambpw ]d-b-Ww. \ns‚ D∏-bpsS I^≥ s]mXn-bm-\p≈ XpWn

C∂-ÿ-eØv sh®n-´p-s≠∂pw hcp-tºmƒ AsX-Sp-Øp-h-c-W-

sa∂pw F∂m¬, a‰mcpw CXn-t∏mƒ Adn-b-cp-sX-∂pw, Adn-

™m¬ Kma-hm-kn-I-sf√mw ChnsS XSn-®p-Iq-Sp-sa-∂pw-IqSn ]d-

b-Ww. ]n∂oSv ]d™p: s]´n Xøm-dm-°m\pw ]d-bp-I. hymgmgvN

sshIp-t∂-c-Øn-\p-≈n¬ CXv \n¿_-‘-ambpw Int´-≠-Xm-Wv.

hmS-Ihml-\-Øn-\p≈ G¿∏mSpw sNøp-I. A¿≤-cm-Xn-I-gn™v

c≠p-a-Wn°v hcm≥ Ah-tcmSv ]dbWw.'' DΩ-bpsS \n¿t±-i-

]-Imcw Rm≥ F√m G¿∏mSpw sNbvXp. CXp sNm∆m-gvN-bm-

bn-cp-∂p. Aev]w izmk-X-S- -a-√msX ]Xy-£-Øn¬ D∏mbv°v

Hcp _p≤n-ap´pw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]q¿Æ-ambpw t_m[-hm-\m-bn-

cp-∂p. kwkm-cn-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, £oWw Aev]mev]w

IqSn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p.

sk]vXw-_¿ H∂mw XnøXn cmhnse kp_vln \a-kvIm-c-

Øn-\p-tijw D∏-bp-sS-b-SpØv Rm≥ X\nt® D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q.

Rm≥ tNmZn®p: "Aßv ZpxJn-X-\m-Ip-I-bn-√-t√m. Aev]w Ign-

™m¬ A√mlp C—n-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ IqSn-°mgvN km[y-am-

Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.' At±lw adp-]Sn ]d™p: "C√. Rms\s‚ A√m-

lp-hns‚ Xr]vXn-bn¬ kwXr]vX-\m-Wv.'

At∂-Zn-hkw D®bv°v Fs‚ ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cmb ipIvdp-√m-

lvJm\pw A–p-√m-lvJm\pw FØn. a‰p Nne ktlm-Z-c-ßfpw

_‘p-°fpw h∂n-cp-∂p. hymgmgvN D®bv°v izmtkm-—zm-k-Øn-

ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ hnjaw \oßnsb¶nepw tcmK-Øns‚ £oWw

60Fs‚ DΩ

h¿≤n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. ]q¿Æ-ambpw t_m[w D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. D®-

bv°p-tijw DΩ-tbmSp ]d-™p. "Aev]w Fs‚ IÆ-S-bp-tºmƒ

apdn ]g-h¿§ßsfs°m≠v \nd-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbpw G‰hpw \√

kpK‘w h∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbpw Rm≥ ImWp-∂p. Fs‚

a\- n¬ Hcp-X-c-Øn-ep≈ hnj-ahpw Ct∏m-gn-√.' lrZbw XpS¿®-

bmbn _e-lo-\-am-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. lrZ-b-Øn\v

i‡n ]I-cm≥ UmŒ¿ sshIp-t∂cw \nc-¥cw C≥©-Ivj≥

sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. C≥©-Ivj≥ sNtø≠ Bh-iy-an-s√∂v

D∏ ]d-bm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, NnIn-’-bn¬ ssII-S-Øp-∂Xv

icn-b-s√∂ hnNm-c-Øm¬, ]q¿Æ-ambpw AXv \ntj-[n-®n-cp-∂n-

√. Fs∂ Atß-b‰w ZpxJn-X-\m-bn-°≠ Hcp-t\-cØv ]d™p:

"tamt\, Cu t\cw F√m-h¿°pw h∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xm-Wv.'

Akz-vdn-\p-tijw BUn-‰¿ _m_p A–p¬ laoZv kmln_v

hcn-Ibpw Fs∂ hnfn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. s]´n-bp-tSbpw hml-

\-Øn-t‚bpw G¿∏mSv sNøm≥ At±-l-sØ-bmWv Gev]n-®n-cp-

∂-Xv. s]´n Xøm-dm-bn-´p-s≠∂pw ]≈n-bn¬ sh®n-´p-s≠∂pw

hml\w hmS-I-s°-Sp-Øn-´p-s≠∂pw A¿≤-cmXn Ign™v 2

aWn°v ChnsS hcpsa∂pw At±lw ]d-™p. ]n∂oSv Nu±cn

kmln_v Fß-s\-bp-s≠∂v tNmZn-®p. Rm≥ At±-l-Øns‚

ASpØv kwkm-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cns° Fgp-t∂-‰p-h-∂-Xm-sW∂v

At±ltØmSp ]d-™p. aKvcn-_n\p Aev]w aptº Fs‚

ktlm-Z-c≥ A–p-√mlvJm\pw ktlm-Z-cn-bp-sa-Øn. A–p-√m-

lvJm≥ D∏mbv°v ssI sImSp-Ø-t∏mƒ Ahs‚ Ccp-ssI-Ifpw

At±lw Xs‚ ssII-fn-se-mXp°n. Aev]w Ign™v D∏ Xs‚

ssI kzX-¥-am-°n-s°m≠v Fs‚ XpS-bn¬h-®p-. F∂n´v ]d-

™p. "tamt\, Rm≥ CXv ChnsS hbv°m≥ BK-ln-°p-∂p.'

D∏-bpsS th¿]mSv

Rßƒs°-√m-h¿°pw DΩ-bpsS kz]v\-sØ-°p-dn®v Adn-

bmam-bn-cp-∂p. CXv Ah-km\ \nan-j-ß-fm-sW∂pw Adn-bm-am-

bn-cp-∂p. Fs¥-¶nepw kwkm-cn-®ncn°m≥ sImXnbp-≠m-bn-cp-

∂-Xp-sIm≠v Rms\-s¥-¶n-ep-sams° ]d™p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p.

61Fs‚ DΩ

Aßs\ Hcp ]mhiyw Rm≥ D∏-bpsS sNhn-bn¬ ]d™p:

"F\n°v D∏-tbm-Sp≈ kvt\lw FX-am-X-am-sW-∂psh®m¬,

D∏-bpsS hnjaw Gs‰-Sp-Ømtem F∂v Rm\m-K-ln-°p-IbmWv.'

CXp-tI-´-t∏mƒ Xs‚ ssI Fs‚ Igp-Øn\v Np‰n-∏n-Sn®v Xs‚

apJw Fs‚ apJ-tØmSp tN¿Øp-sIm≠p ]d™p: ""AØcw

BKlw A√m-lp-hn\v C„-a-√. Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw Ah-c-h-cpsS

Dug-Øn-em-Wp-≈-Xv.'' Ipd-®p-I-gn-™-t∏mƒ,

F∂ Ihn-Xm-i-Iew GX-h-k-c-Øn-te-Xm-sW∂v Aßbv°v

Hm¿Ω-bpt≠m F∂v Rm≥ tNmZn-®p. Hm¿Ω-bp-s≠∂v D∏

]d™p; "l m≥_n≥ Ym_n-Xv(-d) \_n(-k)-Xn-cp-ta\n h^m-

Øm-b-t∏mƒ ]d-™-Xm-W-Xv.'

`£-W-Øns‚ kabw h∂-t∏mƒ, F√m AXn-Yn-I-tfmSpw

t]mbn `£Ww Ign-°m≥ \n¿_-‘n-®p. Nne¿ aSn-®p-\n-∂-

t∏mƒ, D∏ ho≠pw Ah-tcmSv \n¿_-‘n-®p-sIm≠p ]d-™p,

tPmen°m¿ ]Xo-£n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn°pw, Ah¿°pw Ah-cp-sS-

tPmen Xo¿t°-≠Xp-≠v. AXn-Yn-Iƒ `£Ww Ign-®p-sIm-≠n-

cn-°p-tºmƒ, "D∏ C„-s∏-Sp-s∂-¶n¬ At±-l-Øns‚ I´n¬ ]pcp-

j-∑m-cpsS Ccn-∏n-S-ÿ-e-tØ°v sIm≠p-t]m-Im≥' DΩ ]d™p;

AXv IqSp-X¬ hnim-ehpw Im‰v IS-°p-∂-Xp-am-W-t√m. D∏ A[n-

Ihpw Dd-ßm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv Ahn-sS-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Rm≥ D∏-

tbmSv tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ sIm≠p-t]m-Im≥ ]d-™p. "Atßbv°v

B A¶Ww (\m-ep-sI-´n-∂IsØ ap‰w) C„-amtWm?' F∂v

Rm≥ tNmZn-®-tXbp≈q, At±lw h^mØmbn°gn-™n-cn-°p-

∂p-sh∂v DΩ ]d-™p. Aßs\ At±lw Xs‚ bP-am-\s‚

k∂n-[n-bn¬ lmP-cm-bn. t\m°n-b-t∏mƒ At±lw h^m-Øm-

bn-cp-∂p.

DΩ ]cn-ip≤ "Iena' sNm√p-Ibpw C∂m-en-√mln hC∂m

Cebvln dmPn-Du≥ ]d-bp-Ibpw ZpB sNøp-Ibpw sNbvXp:

62Fs‚ DΩ

""A√m-lp-th, \ns‚ A\p-K-lw-sIm≠v Ct±-l-Øn\v \ns‚

ImcpWy-Øns‚ XW-en¬ dkq¬ kz√-√mlp Ae-bvln h

k√-a-bpsS sImSn-°o-gn¬ lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚

Imev]m-Z-ß-fn¬ CSw \evIn-bm-epw. F∂n´v Ft∂mSv ]d™p:

I´n¬ A¶-W-Øn-te°v sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-I. At±-lsØ JmZn-

bm-\n¬ sIm≠p-t]m-Im-\p≈ G¿∏mSv sNøp-I.''

Cu Hcp-°-ßƒ \S-Øp-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ Rm≥ i–-ap-≠m-

°msX c≠p-aq-∂p-h´w DΩ-bpsS ÿnXn-b-dn-bp-∂-Xn-\mbn

kvXoIƒ Ccn-°p∂ ÿe-Øp-t]m-bn. DΩ kvXoI-fpsS CS-

bn-en-cp∂v kam-[m-\-tØm-Sp-IqSn D∏-bpsS tcmK-Øns‚ ÿnXn-

K-Xn-Iƒ ]d-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-XmWv I≠-Xv.

Hcp-°-ß-sf√mw ]q¿Øn-bm-b-t∏mƒ P\mk \a-kvI-cn-®p.

DΩbpw kvXoI-tfm-sSm-∏w _w•m-hns‚ hcm-¥-bn¬ kz^v^m-

bn-\n∂v \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ ]¶p-tN¿∂p. s]´n hml-\-Øn¬ Ib-

‰p-∂-Xn-\p-aptº Fs‚ tXmfn¬ ]nSn-®p-sIm≠v AXn∂SpØph-

∂p. F∂n´v ]d™p:

""A√m-lp-hns\ Gev]n-°p-∂p. Aßv Fs∂ F√m coXn-

bnepw kt¥m-j-tØm-sS-t\m°n. Fs‚ sNdp-Xn¬ sNdp-Xmb

BK-lhpw ]q¿Øn-bm-°n. Fs‚ a\ v Ft∏mgpw Aß-bn¬

Xr]vX-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Aß-bn¬\n∂v Fs¥-¶nepw hnj-a-tam,

ZpxJtam D≠m-b-Xmbn F\n-t°m¿Ω-bn-√. F--¶nepw Aßs\

D≠m-bn-´p-s≠-¶n¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ Xr]vXn-°p-th≠n Rm\Xp

am∏m-°p-∂p. Aßbv°v Ahs‚ Imcp-Wy-Øns‚ XWen¬

CSw \evIp-am-dm-I-s´. Aß-bpsS ]nXm-hn\v Fs‚ kemw ]db-

-Ww. Ign-bp-sa-¶n¬ Aß-bpsS Ahÿsb°p-dn®v Rßsf

Adn-bn-®p-X-c-Ww.''

Cu apgp-h≥ Ime-Øn-\pan-S-bn¬ Ah-km-\sØ Cusbmcp

hmIy-w amXamWv Ah-cpsS a\- ns‚ k¶SØn\v km£y-am-

b-Xv. CXpw A\n-b-¥nX-ambn ]d-™p-t]m-b-Xm-sW-∂v tXm∂p-

∂p. ImcWw A√m-lp-hns‚ Xr]vXnsb Ah¿ £a-tbm-Sp-IqSn

63Fs‚ DΩ

amXta F∂√ kt¥m-j-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sntb F∂pw kzoI-cn-®n-´p-

≈q. ImWn-Iƒ°v HmtcmcpØ¿°pw amXr-Im-]-c-amb Ac-\q-

‰m-≠pIm-esØ kvt\l-hpw Bflm¿∞-Xbpw \nd™ B Iq´p-

sI´v Ah-km-\n-°p-∂-Xn¬ Hcp-X-c-Øn-ep≈ hyk-\hpw ]I-

Sn-∏n-®n-√. Ah-cpsS a\- n-eqsS IS-∂p-t]m-b-sX√mw Ah¿°p

amXta Adn-bq. ]t£, a\- ns‚ Ahÿ Ah¿ a\- n¬

Xs∂ hbv°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Ft∏m-sg-¶nepw AXns‚ an∂-em´w

GsX-¶nepw G‰hpw ASp-Ø-_-‘p-hn\v ImWm≥I-gn-™n-cp-

s∂∂p amXw. F¶nepw Ign-hns‚ ]c-am-h-[n, AXv ]I-S-am-

Im-Xn-cn-°m≥ AXo-h-Pm-KX ]men-®n-cp-∂p.

cmhnse c≠p-a-Wn°pw aq∂p-a-Wn-°p-an-S-bn¬ Rßƒ D∏-

bpsS P\m-k-bp-ambn emtlm-dn¬\n∂v ]pd-s∏- p. F´p-a-Wn-tbm-

S-SpØv lZvdØv DΩp¬ apA-van-\os‚ tXm´-Øn-se-Øn. A∂v

sk]vXw-_¿ 3 sh≈n-bm-gvN-bm-bn-cp-∂p. "sshZy-im-kvX-Øns‚

ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ P\mk Xma-kn-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Ipg-∏-sam-

∂p-an-s√-¶n¬, Fs∂ Im°p-I, Rm≥ P\mk \a-kvI-cn-∏n°mw'

F∂v lZvdØv Jeo- -Øp¬ akolv Ym\n-bpsS Iºn U¬lu-

kn-bn¬\n∂p h∂p. Xma-kn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v ]iv\-sam-∂p-an-

s√∂v ]cn-tim-[n-®-Xn-\p-tijw UmŒ¿am¿ ]d-™p. Aßs\

lpkq-dns\ B hnhcw Adn-bn-®p. "Xm≥ hcp-∂p-s≠∂v' lpkq-

dn¬\n∂v adp-]-Sn-h-∂p. I\-Ø-ag Imc-W-Øm¬ hgn Zp¿L-

Sam-bn-Øo¿-∂ncp∂p. AXp-sIm≠v lpkq¿ JmZn-bm-\n¬ FØn-

bXv A¿≤-cm-Xn°p tij-am-Wv. sk]vXw-_¿ 4 i\n-bmgvN

cmhnse 9 aWn-tbm-S-SpØv lpkq¿ P\mk \akvI-cn-∏n-®p.

lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv( -A)s‚ J_v¿ \ne-sIm-≈p∂

JfiØns‚ ]Sn-™m-dp-`m-KØv ]tXyI kzlm-_n-am-cpsS

Jfi-Øn¬ ad sNøp-hm≥ lpkq¿ A\p-hmZw X∂p. J_vdns‚

taep≈ aÆv an\p-k-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ Hmtcm Xp≈n ag s]øm≥

XpS-ßn. J_v¿ an\p-k-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ sh≈w D]-tbm-Kn-t°-≠n-

h-∂n-√. inem-te-Jbnse hmIy-ßƒ lpkq¿Xs∂bmWv Fgp-

XnbXv:

64Fs‚ DΩ

_nkvan-√m-ln¿dlvam-\n¿dlow

\lva-±plq h \pk√o Aem dkq-en-ln¬ Icow

Nu±co \pkz- vdp-√mlv Jm≥ kmln_v πoU¿

knbm¬t°m´v 1904 -˛¬ knbm¬t°m´v F∂

ÿeØv lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ bmX-

bpsS Zn\-ß-fn¬ _bv-A-Øn¬ tN¿∂p. ]t£

t\c-sØ-ap-X¬ Bflm¿∞X ]pe¿Øn-bn-cp-∂p.

At±-l-Øns‚ mcy Nne kz]v\-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-

\Øn¬ At±-l-tØ-°mƒ aptº _bv-AØv

sNbvXp-I-gn-™n-cp-∂p. am\y-amb ]Ir-Xnbpw im¥-

kz-`m-hhpw Bflm¿∞-X-bp≈ Bfpam-bn-cp-∂p.

s]s´∂v s]s´∂v Bflm¿∞-X-bn¬ A`n-hr-≤n-

s∏-´p. henb ]mb-Øn¬ hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ lrZn-

ÿ-am-°n. Ah-km\w Rm≥ ]d-™-X-\p-k-cn®v

h°m-eØv tPmen˛ CXn¬ At±-lw- henb hnP-

bn-bm-bn-cp-∂p˛ Dt]£n®v Zo\ns‚ Xr]vXn-°mbn

_m°n-Po-hnXw ka¿∏Ww sNøp-Ibpw Bflm¿∞-

X-tbm-Sp -IqSn˛ AXn¬ ssZhklmbØm¬

Ft∏mgpw A`n-hr≤n In´n-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p˛ JmZn-bm-

\n¬h∂v Xma-kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cubn-S-bn¬

l÷pw \n¿∆-ln-®p. Rm≥ At±-lsØ \mkn¿

AAv-em-bpsS tPmen Gev]n-®n-cp-∂p. AXt±lw

ITn-\m-[zm-\-tØmSpw Atß-b‰w Bflm¿∞-X-

tbmSpwIqSn \nd-th-‰n. A√m-lp-hns‚ Xr]vXn-tbm-

sSm∏w Fs‚ kt¥m-jhpw AlvaZo ktlm-Zc

ßfpsS KpWhpw A`n-hr-≤nbpw Ft∏mgpw ap∂n¬I-

≠p. Ft∂msSm∏w tPmen sNbvXn-cp∂ Imc-W-

Øm¬, Zo¿L-Zr-„n-bp≈ Bfmbn Rm≥ At±-

lsØ a\- n-em-°n-bn-cp∂p. hfsc kq£va-amb

kqN-\-Iƒ-t]mepw a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw kZp-t±-iy-

tØmsS ]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. AXv

65Fs‚ DΩ

ImWp-tºmƒ, Fs‚ a\ v kvt\l-hm-bv]n-t‚bpw

BZ-c-hn-t‚bpw hnIm-c-ß-fm¬ \nd-bm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-

∂p. C∂phsc At±-l-Øns‚ Hm¿Ω a\- n\v

NqtS-Ip-∂p. A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv ]m¿∞n-°p-I-bm-Wv,

At±-l-Øns‚ ]Z-hn-Isf Db¿Øp-am-dm-I-s´. CtX-

co-Xn-bn¬ ]ptcm-K-an-°p-∂-Xn-\pw, apt∂m-´p-K-an-°p-

∂-Xn\pw At±-l-Øns‚ a°ƒ°pw Xu^oJv

\evIp-am-dm-I-s´. AØcw Bfp-I-fpsS Ime-Sn-]m-Sp-

I-fn-eqsS \S-°p∂ Bfp-Iƒ A[n-I-a-[n-I-ambn

\ΩpsS Pam-A-Øn¬ D≠m-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-am-dm-

I-s´. A√m-lpΩ Bao≥.

an¿km _io-dp-±o≥ alvaqZv AlvaZv

Jeo- -Øp¬ akolpYvYm\o

ac-W-w 1345 k^¿ 24/1926 sk]vXw-_¿ 3

shf-fn-bm-gvN. hb v 63.

sk]vXw-_¿ 5˛mw XnbXn Rßƒ JmZn-bm\n¬\n∂v ]pd-

s∏- v, Xncn®v Rß-fpsS \mSmb Ukv°-bn-te°v t]mbn. GsX-

¶nepw \a-kvImc ka-b-Øm-bn-cn-°Ww \Ωƒ Ukv°-bn-se-

tØ-≠-sX∂v DΩ \n¿_-‘n-®p-]-d-™p. FØn-bp-Ss\ \a-kvIm-

c-Øn¬ apgp-Ip-∂-Xn\pw Ae-ap-d-Iq-´m≥ hcp∂ kvXoIƒ°v

Hcp-X-c-Ønepw hmhn-´p-I-c-bm≥ Ah-kcw sImSp-°m-Xn-cn-°p-

∂-Xn\pw th≠n-bm-bn-cp∂p CXv. Rßƒ Ukv°-bpsS ASp-

sØ-Øn-b-t∏mƒ kplv¿ \a-kvIm-c-Øns‚ kabw Ign-™n-cp-

∂p. hgn-bn¬h-®p-Xs∂ DΩ hpkp sNbvXp. ho´n-se-Øn-bbp-

Ss\ \a-kvImcw XSp-ßn.

B Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Rß-fp-sS- Km-a-Ønse Hcp A\-lvaZo

kvXo DΩ-tbmSp ]d-™p. ""C∂se (sk-]vXw-_¿ 4) F\n°v

ITn-\-amb ]\n-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. tcmKw aq¿—n®p. At∏mƒ Rm≥

At_m-[m-h-ÿ-bn-embn. anbm≥ Pam¬ (A-t±lw D∏ms‚ Kpa-

kvX-\m-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-tØm-sSm∏w l÷pw sNbvXn-cp-∂p.)

66Fs‚ DΩ

"hcq, \ns∂ Rm≥ JmZn-bm-\n¬ sIm≠p-t]mImw' F∂v

Ft∂mSp ]d-bp-∂p. Rm≥ At±-l-tØm-sSm∏w t]mIm-\n-d-ßn.

Aev]w t]mb-tX-bp-≈q, At±lw ]d™p: "Zm t\m°v, JmZn-

bm-≥.' ASpØv Hcp tXm -ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Rßƒ AXn¬ ]th-

in-®p. tXm -Øn¬ Hcp hoSp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Rßƒ AXns‚ hcm-

¥-bn¬ IS-∂p. sXm´-Sp-Øp≈ ]qap-JØv Hcp I´n¬ C´n-cp-

∂p. AXn¬ Nu±cn kmln_v (Fs‚ D∏) Ccp∂v hnip-≤-Jp¿-

B≥ ]mcm-bWw sNøp-I-bm-Wv. kuµ-cy-h-Xn-bmb Hcp bphXn

ASp-Øp-\n∂v hoin-s°m-Sp-°p-∂p. apdnbn¬ hnhn-[--coXnbn-ep≈

]g-ßƒ sh®n-´p-≠v. Nu±co kmln_v Rßsf D≈n-te°v

hnfn-®v Ccn-°m≥ BwKyw ImWn®p. ]n∂oSv "Rm≥ hfsc

kt¥m-j-Øn-em-sW∂v k vdp-√m-lvJms‚ DΩ-tbmSv ]d-bWw'

F∂v Ft∂mSp ]d-™p. ]n∂oSv F\n°v t_m[w sXfn-™p.

Fs‚ ]\n ]q¿Æ-ambpw amdn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xmbpw XnI®pw Btcm-

Ky-h-Xn-bmbpw Rm≥ I≠p.'

Ft∂m-sSm-∏-ap≈ DΩ-bpsS PohnXw

Xs‚ ac-W-Øn-\p-tijw DΩ ÿnc-ambn Ft∂m-sSm∏w

Ign-b-W-sa-∂Xv D∏-bpsS BK-l-am-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw Xs‚

Ah-km-\sØ tcmKm-h-ÿ-bn¬ Hcp-hn-[-Øn¬ Xs‚ Cu

BKlw DΩ-tbmSp ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. DΩ

F∂n¬\n∂v AI-∂n-cn-°p-∂Xv F\n°pw Ak-ly-am-bn-cp-∂p.

DΩ Xs‚ _m°n-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ knwl-`m-Khpw Fs‚ ASp-

Øp- Ign-bp-Ibpw Xs‚ A\p-Kr-lo-X-amb hy‡n-Xzw-sIm≠v

Rß-fpsS hoSns\ ]Im-i-am-°pIbpw Ah-cpsS Np‰pw Ign-

™n-cp∂ Rßƒ Hmtcm \nan-jhpw Ah-cpsS ]m¿∞-\-I-

fn¬\n∂v ]Xn- ew ]‰p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. Cu mKyw

Aßs\ Rßƒ°p e`n-®p. Cu ]¥-≠p-h¿j-°mew FX-

amXw A\p-Kr-lo-X-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, FX-amXw lkzhpw

AXn-io-Lhpw!

B Po-hnXØns‚ XpS-°-Øn¬ \nXyhpw Cim-Av \akvIm-

c-Øn-\p-tijw DΩ-bp-sS-b-SpØv t]mIpI F∂Xv Fs‚ amaq-

67Fs‚ DΩ

em-bn-cp-∂p. Ipd®p an\n‰p-Iƒ Rßƒ Rß-fpsS kzImcy-ßƒ

]d-bp-∂-Xn¬ apgpIp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Cu amaq¬ Ah-km-\w-hsc

\ne-\n-∂p. F∂m¬, BZysØ H∂p-c-≠p-h¿j-Øn-\p-tijw

Nne kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ CXn\v hnLv\hpw D≠m-Im-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

Ah-cpsS a\ v kq£va-amb Imcy-ßƒ s]s´∂v a\- n-em-

°pw-hn-[-ap-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v GsX-¶nepw Imcy-

Øns‚ kqN\ Inń-bm¬ AXns‚ êw ]nSn-s®-Sp-°p-am-bn-cp-

∂p. F∂n¬\n∂v ]e Ipd-hp-Ifpw Ip‰-ßfpw D≠m-bn-´p-≠v.

Nne-t∏mƒ acym-Z-tISpw D≠m-bn-´p-≠v. ]t£, Ah-cpsS s]mdp-

°-ens‚ ]pX∏v hfsc hnim-e-am-bn-cp-∂p. DΩ Fs‚ sX‰p-

Iƒ hfsc s]s´∂v am∏p-sNbvXp Xcm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£,

Aev]w tkh-\tam kvt\ltam Inń-bm¬ kpZo¿L-ambn ZpB

sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂p. CXv F\n-°p-th≠n amX-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. am∏p

\evIp-∂-Xn\pw s]mdp-Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xn\pw ]Xn- ew \evIp-

∂-Xn\pw Zm\-[¿Ωw sNøp-∂-Xn\pw [ndpXn ImWn-°p-Ibpw

DZm-c-X-tbmsS s]cp-am-dp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp∂p F∂-Xn\v DΩ-bp-

ambn hnZq-c-_-‘-ap≈ hy‡n-Iƒt]mepw km£n-bm-Wv. Hcn-

°¬ DΩ Ft∂mSv ]d™p: ""Nne-t∏mƒ Rm≥ A¤p-X-s∏-´p-

t]m-Im-dp-≠v, \o F¥n-\mWv Fs∂ CX-b-[nIw A\p-k-cn-

°p∂Xv?'' Rm≥ adp-]Sn ]d™p: ""H∂m-a-Xmbn \nß-sfs‚

DΩ-bm-Wv. \nßsf A\p-k-cn-t°-≠Xv A√mlp F\n°v \n¿_-

‘-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. c≠m-a-Xmbn \nß-fn¬\n∂v AXn-c‰

kvt\l-amWv F\n°v Inń-bn-´p-≈-Xv. aq∂m-a-Xmbn, \nßƒ

D∏-bp-ambn I≠p-ap- p-tºmƒ, Rm≥ \nßsf ]q¿Æ-ambpw A\p-

k-cn-®p-sh∂pw Ah-s\-s°m≠v kt¥m-jn-®p-sh∂pw At±-l-

tØmSp \nßƒ ]d-b-W-sa∂v Rm\m-K-ln-°p-∂p.'' Cu Ah-

km-\sØ Imcyw Rm≥ ]d-™-t∏mƒ ]p©n-cn-®p-sIm≠v ]d-

™p. "C°mcyw Rm≥ At±-tØmSv ]d-bp-I-Xs∂ sNøpw.'

_olm¿ bmX

1927 th\¬°memh-[n°v Rm≥ tKUn-bnse (_o-lm¿)

]tc-X-\mb Nu±co iwi-mZv Aen kmln-_ns‚ ASp-Øp-t]m-

68Fs‚ DΩ

bn. (Ct±lw Fs‚ mcym-]n-Xm-hm-Wv. _nlnivXn aJ-v_-d-bn¬

J_vdp-≠v) DΩbpw Rß-tfm-sSm∏w h∂n-cp-∂p. Ahn-sS-sbØn

D®-I-gn™v Dd-ßp-tºmƒ kz]v\w I≠p. "ap‰Øv Imbv®p-\n-

ev°p∂ Hcp ac-ap-≠v. Fs‚ hoń¬\n∂v B ac-Øn-s‚-b-Sp-

°¬ t]mbn sImºp]nSn®v AXn¬\n∂v ]gw ]dn-°m≥

BKln-®p. At∏mƒ D∏ AXv XS-™p-sIm≠v ]d™p:

"Ct∏mƒ CXv ]gp-Øn-ń-√. ]dn-°m≥ ]mI-am-bn-´p-an-√. CXv ]gp-

°p-tºmƒ Rm≥Xs∂ AXv tπ‰n¬sh®v sIm≠p-Ø-cp-∂-Xm-

Wv.' DΩ, D∏-tbmSp tNmZn®p: ""Rm≥ 900 ssa¬ Xoh-≠n-bn¬

bmX sNbvXmWv Chn-sS-sb-Øn-b-Xv. \nß-sf-ßs\ CX-s]-

s´-∂v- C-hnsSsbØn?'' At∏mƒ At±lw ]d™p: ""Rm≥

\nß-fpsS IqsSbp≠mbn-cp-∂p.''

Nu±co iwimZv Aen-Jm≥ kmln_v Hcp sshIp-t∂cw

"hcq, Rm≥ \nßsf Bflm-°-fp-ambn kwkm-cn-t°≠ coXn

ImWn-®p-X-cmw' F∂p ]d-™v aq∂v Imep≈ ]oT-Øn¬

ssIsh-∏n®v hnZy-Iƒ XpS-ßn. \nßfpw CXn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-I

F∂v DΩ-tbmSpw ]d™p. At∏mƒ "tamt\, Cß-s\bpw Ft∏m-

sg-¶nepw Bflm-°-fp-ambn kwkmcw D≠m-Im-dpt≠m? F∂v

DΩ Nncn®psIm≠v tNmZn-®p. Aev]w Ign-™-t∏mƒ, "Nu±-co-

km-ln-_ns‚ Bflmhv h∂n-cn-°p-∂p, At±-l-hp-ambn kwkm-

cn-°pI' F∂v ]d™v ho≠pw At±lw DΩsb hnfn-®p. ""DΩ

AXn\v Cßs\ DØcw \evIn: "A√mlp Atßbv°v \evIn-

bn-cn-°p∂ tPmen \nd-th-‰pI F∂Xv Rm\p-ambn kwkm-cn-

°p-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ A\p-Kr-lo-X-am-Wv. Aßv AXv sNbvXp-sIm-

≠n-cn-°p-I' F∂v Rm≥ ]d-™-Xmbn ]d-t™-°p-I.''

Iivao¿ bmX

DΩmbv°v bmX-tbmSp hfsc Xm¬]-cy-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]Ir-

Xn-]-c-amb Zriyßƒ Gsd C„-s∏-ń-cp-∂p. Hcp-X-c-Øn-ep≈

bmXbpw `b-∂n-cp-∂n-√. FX-tØm-f-sa-∂m¬, ae-º-tZ-i-Øn-

eq-sS-bp≈ Xoh≠n As√-¶n¬ tamt´m¿hm-l-\-bm-Xbpw D’m-

l-tØmsS sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂p. 1929- se th\¬°m-eØv lZvdØv

69Fs‚ DΩ

Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv Ym\o(-d) Iivao-cn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-

[n--°m-eØv Rßfpw Iivao-cn-te°v t]mbn. ]t£, io\-K-dn-

se-Øn-b-]msS Hcp IΩn-‰n-bn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn F\n°v

Xncn-®p-h-tc-≠n-h-∂p. DΩ io\-K-dn¬ Xma-kn-®p. Ah-cpsS

lukvt_m´v lZvdØv Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv Ym\n(-d)-bpsS

kwL-Øns‚ lukvt_m-´nt\mSSp-Øm-bn-cp-∂p. Nu±co imlv

\hmkv kmln_v DΩ-tbm-sSm∏w D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Rm≥ Xncn-

®p-t]m-∂-Xn-\p-tijw Qew-\-Zn-bn¬ Akm-[m-c-W-amb sh≈-

s∏m-°-ap-≠m-bn. c≠p-aq∂p Znhkw t¢i-tØmsS Ign-™p.

Rm≥ Xncn®v io\-K-dn-se-Øn-b-t∏mƒ DΩ-bn¬\n∂v B Zn\-

ß-fnse Ah-ÿ-Iƒ tI´p. Ah¿ ]d™p: ""F\n°v Fs∂-

°p-dn®v Nn¥-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. kwL-Øn-ep-≈-h¿°pth≠n

ZpB sNbvXv kabw Ign-®p. Hcp-t\cw kmln_v kmZ an¿km

_io¿ AlvaZv kmln-_p-≠m-bn-cp∂ t_m´v A]-I-S-Øn-em-

bn-cp-∂p. hfsc hnj-aw-]n-Sn® ka-b-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. B Znhkw

sh≈w A[n-I-ambn s]mßn. cmXn-ap-gp-h≥ Rm≥ ZpB sNbvXp-

sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. ]t£, shdpsX hnj-an-°p-at√m F∂p IcpXn

Rm≥ im\-hm-kn-s\ DW¿Øn-bn-√. F¶nepw Ah≥ kpJ-

ambn Dd-ßp-∂pt≠m F∂v XpS-sc-Øp-Ssc Ah≥ InS-°p∂

apdn-bpsS hmXn¬°¬ t]mbn t\m°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. ""A√m-lp-

th, Chs‚ ]nXm-hn\v At±-l-Øns‚ Ah-km-\-Im-eØv \o

\evInb hnf-°m-Wn-h≥. Chs\ \o ImØpsImt≈-Wta''

F∂v ZpB sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. Fs∂ kw_-‘n®v F\n°v

Cß-s\-bp≈ Nn¥-sbm∂pw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. lZvdØv kmln_v

ASp-Øp-≈-t∏mƒ \ap-s°¥v A]-I-S-ap-≠m-Im-\m-sW-t∂m¿Øv

F\n°v kam-[m-\-am-bn-cp-∂p.''

B Zn\-ß-fn¬ \S∂ Hcp kw`-h-am-Wv. Rm≥ DΩ-tbmSp

]d™p: ""Rßƒ Alva-Zn-ø-Øns\ kw_-‘n®v Bfp-I-tfmSv

Zo¿L-ambn kwkm-cn-°m-dp-≠v. ]t£, AXns‚ kzm[o\w Bcn-

se-¶nepw D≠m-Ip-∂Xv hfsc Ipd-hm-Wv. CXn-s∂-Xn-cn¬ c≠p-

\mev ]mhiyw \nßsf GsX-¶nepw kvXo I≠m¬ icn°pw

70Fs‚ DΩ

kwXr]vX-cm-bn-´mWv Xncn®pt]mIp-∂-Xv. CXns‚ Imc-W-sa-

¥mWv?'' DΩ adp-]Sn ]d™p: ""tamt\! Rm≥ Fs¥-¶nepw

FgpØpw hmb-\bpw ]Tn-®-bm-f-√. Hcp hnZybpw Rm≥ A`y-

kn-®n-´n-√. Rm≥ A√m-lp-hns\ b-s∏-Sp-∂p. Ahs\ kvt\ln-

°p-∂p. AX-am-Xw.'' F√m Adn-hn-t‚bpw "]ngn-s™-SpØ Nm¿'

CXp-X-s∂--sb∂v Rm≥ hnNm-cn-®p.

Hcp A]-I-SsØ°pdn®p≈ kz]v\w

1931-˛32¬ Rm≥ A[n-Ihpw Xma-kn-®n-cp-∂Xv U¬ln-bn-

em-bn-cp-∂p. ImcWw A∂m-fp-I-fn¬ U¬ln KqVm-tem-N-\m-

tI-kn¬ Rm≥ k¿°m-cn-\p-th≠n tIkv hmZn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-

∂p. Zo¿L-amb Ah-[n-bn¬ Rm≥ P¬kbn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°m≥

h∂p. P¬k-bv°p-tijw emtlm-dn-te°v t]mbn. DΩ B Zn\-

ß-fn¬ A[n-Ihpw emtlm-dn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. 1931 Unkw-_¿

31-˛\v sshIp-t∂-cw, DΩsb hfsc hnj-a-Øn¬ Rm≥ I≠p.

XpS-sc-Øp-Ssc IÆp-Iƒ \nd-™p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. F¥mWv Imcy-

sa∂v Rm≥ Xnc-°n. At∏mƒ ]d-™p. ""]tXy-In-s®m-∂p-an-√.

\o \msf U¬lnbv°p t]mIp-I-b-t√, AXp-sIm-s≠mcp a\-

]-bm-kw.'' At∏mƒ, DΩ-tbmSpw IqsS-t∏m-cm≥ Rm≥ ]d-™p.

Ipd-®p-Zn-hkw Ign™v hcm-sa∂mbn-cp∂p AXn-\p≈ adp-]-Sn.

1932 P\p-hcn 1˛\v D®bv°p aptº GI-tZiw ]Xn-s\m∂v

aWn-tbmsS tamt´m¿hm-l-\-Øn¬ emtlm-dn¬\n∂v U¬ln-

bn-te°v Rm≥ bmX ]p-d-s∏-´p. c≠p-a-Wnbv°v 20 an\n-‰p-≈-

t∏mƒ I¿Øm-]q-cn\pw Pe-‘-dn-\p-an-S-bn¬ Fs‚ hml\w Imf-

h-≠n-bp-ambn CSn-®p. Fs‚ apJØv Kpcp-X-c-ambn ]cn-t°-‰p.

AtX-b-h-ÿ-bn¬ Fs∂ Pe-‘¿]-´-W-Ønse Bip-]-Xn-

bn¬ sIm≠p-t]m-bn. sshIp-t∂cw sSen-t^m¨ aptJ\

emtlm-dn¬ hnhcw Adn-bn-®p. DΩ DS-s\-Xs∂ bmX-]p-d-s∏´v

cmXn 11 aWn-tbm-Sp-IqSn Pe-‘-dn-se-Øn.

Fs‚ Ah-ÿ-sb-°p-dn®v hni-Z-ambn a\- n-em-°n-b-Xn-\p-

tijw ]d™p: ""C∂se Rm≥ hnj-an-®n-cn-°m≥ ImcWw

CXp-X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Rm≥ an\n-bm-∂p-cmXn Hcp kz]v\w

71Fs‚ DΩ

I≠p. AXv Fs‚ a\- ns\ h√msX _m[n-®p. B kz]v\w

Cß-s\-bm-bn-cp-∂p. IdpØtaLw hym]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. AXp-aqew

XnI®pw Ccp-´m-bn. ]n∂oSv an∂-se-dn-™p. AXn-t\m-sSm∏w

BImiw sXfn-™p. "icn Ign-™p. Hcp \„hpw D≠m-bn-√.

F¶nepw ASp-Øp≈ ho´p-Im¿°v \„-ap-≠mbn' F∂m-fp-Iƒ

]d-bp-∂p. \ns‚ apdn-bpsS shfn-bnse `nØn-bn¬ Hcp Idp-Ø-

h-c-t]mse D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv Rm≥ I≠p. Ahn-sS-bmWv an∂-

te-‰-Xv. a‰p \„-sam∂pw D≠m-bn-√. B kz]v\w I≠-Xn-\p-

tijw Rm≥ kzZJ sImSp-Øp. F¶nepw a\- n\v kam-[m-\-

ap-≠m-bn-√. A√m-lp-hn\v \µn. Ah≥ Xs‚ A\p-K-lw-sIm≠v

\ns‚ Poh≥ X∂p.''

c≠p-Zn-hkw F\n°v Pe-‘¿ Bip-]-Xn-bn¬ Ign-tb-≠n-

h-∂p. aq∂mw Znhkw emtlm¿ Bip-]-Xn-bn-te°v sIm≠p-

t]m-bn. ]Øp-Zn-h-k-tØmfw AhnsS Ign-®p-Iq- n. ]n∂oSv Fs‚

hoń-te°v t]mbn. tamU¬Su-Wn¬ sN∂-Xn\ptijw c≠m-

a-tØtbm aq∂m-a-tØtbm Znhkw sshIp-t∂cw F\n°v ITn-

\-amb ]\n-bp-≠m-bn. NqSp IqSp-X¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw

ico-cØn¬ A[nIw Akz-ÿ-X-sbm∂pw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.

CXv Xm¬°m-en-I-am-Wt√m F-t∂m¿Ø-t∏mƒ Aev]w kam-

[m\w Inń. ]t£, DΩ h√msX hnj-an-®p-t]m-bn. B hnj-am-

h-ÿ-bn¬ ZpB sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. aWn-°q-dp-Iƒ°p≈n¬

NqSv Ipd-™p. DΩmbv°v Aev]w Bizmkw Inń. At∏mƒ

]d™p: ""Rm≥ IqSp-X¬ hnj-an-°m≥ Imc-Ww, Pe-‘-dn¬h®v

Rm≥ tIƒ∏n® kz]v\-Øn\v c≠p- m-K-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp- mKw

Rm≥ \ns∂ tIƒ∏n-®n-cp-∂p. c≠m-asØ `mKw tIƒ∏n-®n-cp-

∂n-√. AXn-Xm-Wv. ]n∂oSv Dd-ßn-b-t∏mƒ kz]v\w- I-≠p. hoń-

ep≈ Rßƒ kvXoIƒ F√m-hcpw ASp-Øp≈ hoń-te°v

tate-Ø-ń-eqsS t]mbn. B hońse kvXoI-tfmSp kwkm-cn-

®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. Ahn-sS-\n∂v Xncn®pw tate-Ø-ń-eqsS Xs∂-

bmWv hcm≥t]mb-Xv. tKmh-Wn-bn¬\n∂v Rm≥ tate-Ø-ń¬

Imep-sh-®-t∏mƒ, AhnsS Zhn® Ipd®v XSn-Iƒ amX-amWv

72Fs‚ DΩ

D≈-Xv. _m°n X´v apgp-h≥ A]-Xy-£-am-bn-°gn™ncp-∂p.

B X´n¬ Imep-h-bv°cpsX∂v ]d™v Rms\s‚ IqsS-bp-

≠m-bn-cp∂ kvXoIsf XS-™p. Rm≥ ]d™p: \Ωƒ Xmg-

sØ-\n-e-bn¬ Ccp-∂-t∏mƒ Cu X´v FX-amXw at\m-l-chpw

Ae-¶-cn-®Xp-am-bn-´mWv I≠-Xv. Ct∏mƒ CXv Fßs\ iq\y-

am-bn. ]n∂oSv Rm\p-W¿∂p. C∂v \n\°v ]\n-bp-≠m-b-t∏mƒ,

B kz]v\-Øns‚ c≠m-asØ `mKw ]q¿Øn-bm-Ip-I-bmtWm

F∂v Rm≥ i¶n-®p. A√m-lp-hn\v \µn. F√mw \∂m-bn-°-gn-

™p-t]m-bn.''

Cu kw -h-ap-≠m-bXv P\p-hcn ]Xn-\m-ent\m ]Xn-\-©nt\m

Bbn-cp-∂p. P\p-hcn ]Xn-\mdmw XnbXn Nu±co iwimZv Aen-

Jm≥ kmln_v th´-bm-Sp-∂-Xn-\n-Sbn¬ bmZr-›n-I-ambn shSn-

tb‰p acn-®p-sh∂ Iºn P\p-hcn ]Xn-t\-gn\v cmhn-se, In´n.

_‘-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Ønepw IqSm-sXbpw DΩbv°v Xs‚

a°-tfm-sS-∂-t]m-se-bp≈ kvt\l-am-bn-cp∂p At±-l-tØm-Spw.

Rß-fpsS hoSn-t\mSp tN¿∂p-X-s∂-bm-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øn-

t‚bpw hoSv.

AXn-\p-tijw Ft∏m-sgms° Pe-‘-dn-eqsS IS-∂p-t]m-

tI≠n h∂n-´pt≠m At∏m-sgms° A√mlpXBe Ahs‚

A\p-K-lhpw Imcp-WyhpwsIm≠v Fs‚ aI\v ho≠pw Poh≥

\evInb ÿe-sa-t∂m¿Øv DΩ AhnsS c≠v dIv-AØv ipIv¿

\a-kvI-cn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.

1932 PqWn¬ anbm≥ k¿ ^fv¬ lpkbv≥ kmln-_ns‚

Ah-[n-bp-ambn _‘-s∏´v C¥ym-K-h¿sΩ‚ns‚ saº¿ F∂

]Z-hn-bn¬ Fs∂ \mep-am-k-tØ°v Xm¬°m-en-I-ambn \nb-

an-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. 1932 Pqsse-bn¬ Hcp Znhkw cmXn 10 aWn-

tbm-S-SpØv Akn-Ã‚ v t]mÃvam-Ã¿ P\-d¬ Nu±co Pem-ep-

±o≥ kmln_v (A-t±lw ]nXr-]-c-º-c-bn¬ Rß-fpsS Hcp

ktlm-Z-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p) s]s´-∂p-≠mb Akp-J-sØØpS¿∂v

h^m-Øm-bn F∂ hnhcw Adn-bn-®p-sIm-≠p≈ A–p-√mlv

73Fs‚ DΩ

Jms‚ Iºn emtlm-dn¬\n∂p Inń. DΩmbv°v At±-l-Øn-

t\mSpw henb kvt\l-am-bn-cp-∂p. B t\cØv Nu±co _io¿

AlvaZv kmln_pw inwe-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Iºn In´p-tºmƒ

At±lw Fs‚bSpØv Ccn-∏p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. cmXn-t\-cØv Cu

hm¿Ø DΩsb Adn-bn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂-XmWv \√-sX∂v Rß-

fn-cp-hcpw hnNm-cn-®p. Adn-bn-®m¬ cmXn apgp-h≥ Akz-ÿ-X-

bn-em-bn-cn-°pw.

]nt‰-Zn-hkw Rm≥ DΩ-bpsS apdn-bn¬ sN∂-t∏mƒ Iń-

en¬Xs∂-bm-Wp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. Ft¥m henb k¶-S-ap-≈-Xp-

t]mse tXm∂n. F¥mWv Imcy-sa∂v Rm≥ tNmZn-®p. At∏mƒ

]d™p: cmXn-bn¬ Rm≥ c≠pkz]v\w I≠p. A°m-c-W-Øm¬

F\n°v hnj-a-ap≠v. H∂m-asØ kz]v\w CXm-bn-cp-∂p. ""\ns‚

]nXmhv GtXm Hcmsf˛ At±-lsØ ]q¿Æ-ambpw Xncn-®-dn-

bm≥ F\n°v Ign-™n-cp∂n√. ]t£ F\n°p tXm∂p-∂Xv

\ΩpsS IpSpw-_-Øn¬s]´ GtXm Hcp hy‡n-bm-sW-∂m-Wv,

Abmƒ Hcp sh≈-hkvXw ]pX-®n-´p-≠v˛ ]nSn-®p-sIm≠v tKmh-

Wn-bn¬\n∂v Cd-ßp-∂p. AXn-\p-tijw Rm\p-W¿∂p.'' ]n∂oSv

Rm≥ I≠p. ""Btcm F\n-s°mcp t\m´p-_p°v X∂p. CsX-

¥m-sW∂v Rm≥ tNmZn-®p. At∏mƒ Abmƒ ]d-™p, Pem-ep-

±o\v ÿe-am‰w D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. CXv At±-l-Øns‚ IW-°p-

]p-kvX-I-am-Wv.'' DΩ-bpsS kz]v\w tI´Xn-\p-tijw Rm≥ tNmZn-

®p, At∏mƒ C∂v \nßƒ°v bmX sNøm≥ ]‰p-I-bn-√t√m?

DΩ Aev]w sR´-temsS F¥m kw`-hn-®Xv F∂v Xnc°n.

Rm≥ Iºn-bnse hnjbw tIƒ∏n-®psImSpØp.

DΩ-bpsS ss[cyw

A√mlp DΩmbv°v ss[cyhpw Xt‚-Shpw \evIn-bn-cp-∂p.

Bcp-sS-sb-¶nepw ZpxJtam thZ-\tbm I≠mtem tI´mtem

Ah-cpsS a\ v s]s´∂v Dcp-In-t∏m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. Nne-t∏mƒ

GsX-¶nepw Ipń-bpsS Ic-®n¬ tI-´m¬aXn A∂pd-°-ap≠m

IpI-bn-√. ]t£, Fhn-sS-sb-¶nepw ss[cyw ImWn-t°≠ L´w

h∂m¬ AØcw kµ¿`-Øn¬ Xs‚ F√m _e-lo-\-X-Ifpw

74Fs‚ DΩ

hnkva-cn-®p-sIm≠v ]ucp-j-Øns‚ Xt‚Sw ImWn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.

1933-˛se Hcp kw`-h-am-Wv. Rm≥ Cw•-≠nemWp≠mbn-cp-

∂Xv. DΩ B Zn\-ß-fn¬ tamU¬Su-Wn-emWv Xma-kw. Hcp

Znhkw kplvtdm Akzvtdm \a-kvI-cn®v kemw hoń-b-t∏mƒ

Ah-cpsS Zr„n ASp-Ø-ho-ń¬ ]Xn-™p. AhnsS sIń-S-∏Wn

\S-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp I√m-imcn Rß-fpsS kvXoI-fpsS

ap‰-tØ°v Xs‚ ssINq≠n Ft¥m ]d-™p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p.

Abm-tfm-sSm∏w Hcp sXmgn-emfn \nev]p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. DΩ CXv

hni-Zo-I-cn®p-sIm-≠n-cns° Cßs\bpw ]d-™p: Cu I√m-im-

cn, Xs‚ ASp-Øp-\n∂ sXmgn-em-fn-tbmSv \ΩpsS hoSn-\p-t\sc

Nq≠n-s°m-≠v, cmXn-t\-cØv X°w-]m¿Øv \ΩpsS hoń¬

tamjWw \S-Øm≥ Abmsf t]cn-∏n-°p-I-bmtWm F∂v Fs‚

a\- n¬ tXm∂n. ]t£, AXn-t\m-sSm∏w shdpsX B Zcn-Z-

cmb Bfp-Isf kwi-bn-°p-∂-sX-¥n-\m-sW∂v tNmZn®v Fs‚

a\ v Fs∂ iIm-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Aßs\ Rm≥ DSs\

CkvXn-Kv^m¿˛ £am-bm-N\w sNøp-Ibpw B hogvN ]‰n-b-

Xn¬ A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv am∏nc-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

AtX-cm-Xn-bn¬ Rm≥ kvXoI-fpsS hcm-¥-bn¬ Dd-ßp-

I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Btcm-h∂v Fs‚ Iń-ens‚ Acn-I-Øn-cp-∂-Xmbn

F\n-°p-tXm-∂n. Abmƒ sImXp-I-he \o°n, tXmfn-eqsS

ssIbn´v hf Ducm≥ Fs‚ ssIbn¬ ]nSn-°m≥ t]mIp-∂-Xp-

t]mse A\p-`-h-s∏-´p. Rm≥ Fgp-t∂-‰n-cp-∂p. \o Bcm-sW∂v

tNmZn-°p-Ibpw AXn-t\m-sSm∏w Bsc-¶nepw Fgp-t∂‰v hnf-

°p-sX-fn-°m≥ ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fs‚ i–w tI v Abmƒ

]cn-`-an-®p. Iń-en¬ \ns∂-gp-t∂-‰p-\n-∂p. shfn®w h∂-t∏mƒ

ap‰-tØ-°n-d-ßn. Rm\pw Fgp-t∂‰v Abm-fpsS ]n∂mset]mbn.

\o Bcm-Wv, \n\°v hoń-\p-≈n¬ s]Æp-ßƒ°p-th-≠n-bp≈

ÿe-Øp-h-cm≥ F¥m-W-h-Imiw Fs∂ms° Dd-s°, tZzj-

tØmsS tNmZn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. Abmƒ ]cn-`-an-®p-sIm≠v

]n∂m°w s]mbvs°m-≠n-cp-∂p. Rm≥ aptºm´pw sN∂psIm-

75Fs‚ DΩ

≠n-cp-∂p. AXn-t\m-sSm∏w tPmen-°msc hnfn-°m\pw ian-®p-

sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. Fs‚ lrZbw bw-sIm≠v anSn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p.

Abmƒ H∂-Sn-®m¬ Fs‚ IY Ign-bp-sa∂v F\n-°-dn-bm-am-bn-

cp-∂p. ]t£, A√mlp F\n°v ss[cyw X∂p. ap‰-Øns‚

A‰w-hsc Rm≥ Abm-fpsS ]n∂m-se-t]m-bn. CX-bp-am-b-t∏mƒ

Fs‚ i–w-tI´v A–p-√m-lvJm\pw tPmen-°m-c\pw h∂p.

Ah¿ Abmsf ]nSn-®p. shfn-bn¬ tXm -Øn¬ Abmsf ImØp-

\n∂ Abm-fp-sS- c≠pIq´p-Im-tcbpw Zqsc-hsc ]n¥p-S¿∂v ]nSn-

®psIm≠p-h∂p. kplvdn-t‚tbm Akz-vdn-t‚tbm t\cØv Rm≥

I≠ B I√m-im-cnbpw sXmgn-em-fn-bp-am-bn-cp∂p AXv.

Ahsc hnNm-cW sNbvX-t∏mƒ DΩ-bpsS a\- n¬ Zb-

bpsS hnImcw i‡ns∏Sm≥ XpS-ßn. Cu ]mh-s∏- -h-cp-sS-ta¬

AXn-Iaw D≠m-I-cp-sX∂v Xm≥ BK-ln-°p-∂-Xmbn ]d-™p-

sIm-t≠-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ Iqen-th-e-°m-cm-Wv. F¥p t]c-W-

bm-emWv Ch¿ CXn\v apXn¿∂sX∂v Adn-bn-√. hoSn-\p-≈n¬

IS-∂-bmƒ Fs∂-t∏msemcp hr≤-bpsS ap∂n¬\n∂v hnd-bv°p-

I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. hoSns‚ D≈n¬ IS-∂-h\v aq∂p-\mep amksØ

XShv aXn-bm-b-Xm-Wv. shfn-bn¬\n∂v ]nSn® c≠p-t]sc

shdpsX hnSWw Fs∂ms° kzbw A`n-]m-b-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-

cp-∂p. aPn-kvtX v Ah¿s°√mw Hmtcm h¿jsØ XS-hp-in£

hn[n-®p. C\n-bn-t∏mƒ Fßs\ Ah-cpsS in£ Cfhv

sNøn°mw F∂mbn DΩ-bpsS ]n∂sØ Nn¥.

Bbn-Sbv°mWv Rm≥ Cw•-≠n¬\n∂v Xncn-®p-h-∂Xv.

\S∂ kw`-h-sa√mw DΩ Ft∂mSp ]d-™p. Ah-cpsS in£

Cfhp sNøn-°m≥ th≠n ian-°-W-sa∂v Ft∂mSp ]d-bp-

Ibpw sNbvXp. AXv F\n°v sNøm≥ Ign-bp∂ Imcy-a-s√-∂v

Rm≥ ]d-™p. Ah-cpsS A∏o¬ skj≥kvtIm-S-Xn-bn-em-Wv.

Ah¿ Fs∂ hniz-kn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Rm\-h¿°p-th≠n

^oskm∂pw IqSmsX hmZn-°mw. Aß-s\-bm-bm¬, tamj-tWm-

t±-iy-tØmsS Cbm-fpsS ho´n-emWv Ah¿ IS-∂-Xv, Ct∏mƒ

CbmƒXs∂ Ah¿°p-th≠n tIkv hmZn-°p-∂p, AXp-sIm≠v

76Fs‚ DΩ

Ah-cpsS in£-bn¬ Cfhv sImSp-t°-≠-XmWv F∂v PUvPnbv°v

tXm∂m≥ km[y-X-bp-≠v. F∂m¬, AXn-t\m-sSm∏wXs∂

A–p-√m-lvJm-t\bpw Xs‚ tPmen-°m-tcbpw km£n-hn-kvXmcw

\S-tØ-≠n-h-cp-at√m F∂ sshj-ayhpw D≠m-bn. Cubm-sfmcp

h√mØ a\p-jy-\m-sW∂pw ss]k-tbm-Sp≈ B¿Øn-bm-emWv

CsXms° sNøp-∂-sX∂pw PUvPn Fs∂-°p-dn®v [cn-°m\pw

CS-bp-≠v. Rms\-¥n-\p-th-≠n-bmWv Ah¿°mbn tIkv hmZn-

°p-∂-sX∂v At±-l-Øn-∂-dn-bn-√-t√m. DΩ ]d™p: ""Cu am¿§w

icn-b-√, as‰-s¥-¶nepw am¿§w t\m°p-I.'' Rm≥ ]d™p: ""Ch-

cpsS A∏o¬ X≈p-Ibpw sslt°m¿´n¬\n∂pw Ch-cpsS

in£ Cfhv sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-I-bp-am-sW-¶n¬, ]n∂o-Sv- C-h-cpsS

in£ Cf-hm-°m≥ Kh¿W¿ kmln-_n-t\mSv F\n°v ]d-bm≥

Ign-bpw. DΩ tNmZn®p: ""Fs‚ BK-l-]-Im-c-amWv \o At±-

l-tØmSp C°mcyw ]d-bp-∂-sX∂v Ahn-sSbpw \n\°v ]d-

tb-≠n-h-cptam?'' AsX-¥m-bmepw ]d-tb-≠n-h-cp-sa∂v Rm≥

Adn-bn-®p. At∏mƒ ]d™p: ""Cu coXnbpw \√-Xmbn tXm∂p-

∂n-√. a‰p-h-gn-sbm-∂p-an-s√-¶n¬ A√mlp Ah-cpsSta¬ IcpW

sNøp-∂-Xn-\mbn Rm\-h¿°p-th≠n ZpB sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv.''

Ah-cp -sS- A-∏oen¬ hn[n -bp -≠m-Ip -∂-Xp-hsc DΩ

Ah¿°mbn ZpB sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. CXns‚ ^e-ambn

DΩ-bpsS BK-l-]-Im-cw-Xs∂ Ah-cpsS hn[n D≠m-bn. hn[n

tI´-t∏mƒ A√mlp Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ IcpW sNbvXXp-sIm≠v

DΩ hf-sc-b-[nIw kt¥m-jn-®p.

a\p-jy-Ip-e-tØm-Sp≈ kl-Xm]w

a\p-jy-Ip-e-tØm-Sp≈ kl-Xm-]-Øn-t‚bpw Icp-W-bp-tSbpw

hnImcw A√mlp Ah¿°v Hcp-]mSv \evIn-bn-cp-∂p. Ft∏mgpw

DΩ ]dbpw: "A√mlp iXp-hmIm-Xn-cp∂m¬ Hcp iXp-hn\pw

Hcp \„hpw hcp-Øm≥ Ign-bn-√.'- C-Xns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬

Rm\m-tcbpw iXp-hmbn a\- n-em-°p-∂n-√. iXp-°-tfmSv \√-

co-Xn-bn¬ s]cp-am-dp-∂-Xns\°pdn®v Cßs\ ]d-bp-am-bn-cp∂p:

Bsc-s°m≠v a\ v kt¥m-jn-°p-∂pthm Abm-tfmSv \√-co-

77Fs‚ DΩ

Xn-bn¬ s]cp-am-dm≥ a\ v X\nsb BK-ln-°p-∂p. CXn¬

]Xn- -e-Øns‚ F¥p Imcy-am-Wp-≈-Xv. A√m-lp-hns\ kt¥m-

jn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn a\ v C„-s∏-Sm-Ø-h-tcmSpw HuZm-cy-

tØmSpw \∑-tbm-Spw-IqSn a\p-jy≥ ]h¿Øn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

Ukv°bnse P\-ß-tfm-Sp -ff DΩ-bpsS s]cp-am‰w

Ft∏mgpw km[p-kw-c-£-W-Øn-t‚-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. aX]-c-ambpw

hnizm-k-]-c-ambpw `n∂n-∏p-Iƒ D≠m-bn´pw Ahn-SpsØ Aap-

kvenw-Ifpw A\-lva-Zn-I-fp-sa√mw DΩsb hfsc BZ-cn-°p-Ibpw

_lp-am-\-Zr-„n-tbmsS t\m°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. ]t£,

Alvdmcn-I-fpsS ^nXv\ D≠m-b-t∏mƒ, \ΩpsS Kma-Ønse

A\-lva-Zn-Ifpw Ah-cn¬ BIr-„-cmbn hnhn-[-co-Xn-bn¬ Alva-

Zn-Isf hnj-an-∏n-°m≥ XpS-ßn. Rß-fpsS IpSpw-_-Ønse Nne

AwK-ßsf ]tXy-In®v ]oU-\-Øn\v Ipdn-am-\-am-°n.

DΩmbv°v kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw Cu kw`-h-ß-fn¬ ZpxJ-ap-≠m-

bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, AXns‚ ê-ambn Ah-tcm-Sp≈ k¬s]-cp-

am-‰-Øn¬ Hcp Ipdhpw h∂n-cp-∂n-√. \ΩpsS Bfp-I-fn-em-sc-¶n-

epw, "Ch¿ \ΩpsS iXp-°-fmWv Ch-tcm-sS-¥n\v \nßƒ

Cßs\ s]cp-am-dp-∂p'-sh∂v kqN\ \evInbm¬aXn AXv C„-

s∏-ń-cp-∂n-√. AXn\v Ft∏mgpw sImSp-Øn-cp∂ adp-]-Sn,

"A√mlp iXp BImXncp-∂m¬ a‰mcpw iXp-hm-Ip-I-bn√'

F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. bXow-Iƒ°pw ankv°o-∑m¿°pw th≠n Xs‚

ssIsIm≠v hkvX-ßƒ Xøm-dm-°n-s°m-Sp-°pI F∂Xv DΩ-

bpsS amaq-em-bn-cp-∂p. Bh-iy-°m¿ tNmZn-°-s´ F∂v ]Xo-

£n-®n-cn-°m-sX, Bh-iy-°m-cpsS Bhiyw \nd-th-‰m≥ A√mlp

sImSpØ XuôJv A\p-k-cn®v ]h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂p.

Ukv°bn¬sh®v Hcp-Zn-hkw Ipd®v DSp-∏p-Iƒ Xøm-dm-°p-

I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. CXm¿°p-th-≠n-bm-sW∂v anbm≥ Ppam≥ tNmZn-

®p. C∂-bm-fpsS Ipń-Iƒ°p-th-≠n-bm-sW∂v DΩ ]d-™p.

anbm≥ Ppam≥ Nncn-®p-sIm-≠p-]-d™p: ""\nß-fpsS Imcyw

A¤pXwXs∂. Abmƒ Alvdm-cn-bm-Wv. \ΩpsS FXn-cm-fn-

bm-Wv. C°q-´¿ \nXyhpw \ap-s°-Xn-cn¬ Fs¥-¶n-ep-sams°

78Fs‚ DΩ

]pXnb tZmlw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. \nß-fm-sW-¶n¬ Ah-

cpsS Ipń-Iƒ°v DSp-∏p-Iƒ Xøm-dm°n sImSp-°p-∂p.'' DΩ

]d™p: ""Ah¿ tZmln-°p-∂p-≠v. A√mlp \sΩ Im°p-∂p-

ap≠v. Ah≥ \tΩm-sSm∏w D≈n-S-tØmfw FXn-cm-fn-bpsS tZml-

]-hr-Øn-bn¬ \ap°v Hcp \„hpw D≠m-Ip-I-bn-√. ]t£,

Cbmƒ Zcn-Z-\m-Wv. Abm-fpsS ]°¬ Xs‚ Ipń-Iƒ°pw

sIm®p-a-°ƒ°pw icocw ad-bv°p∂Xn\v hkvXw hmßn-s°m-

Sp-°m≥ ]W-an-√. Abm-fpsS a°fpw sIm®p-a-°fpw \·-cmbn

\S-°p-∂Xv A√mlp C„-s∏-Sp-sa∂v \o Icp-Xp-∂pt≠m? Rm≥

sNøp∂ Imcyw \o C„-s∏- n-√. AXn-\p≈ in£, Cu hkvXw

Xøm-dm-bn-°-gn-™m¬ \o Xs∂ CXv AhnsS sIm≠p-t]mbn

sImSp-°-Ww F∂XmWv. ]t£ cmXn-bn-emWv sIm≠p-t]m-

tI-≠-Xv. Rm\-b-®-Xm-sW∂v B¿°pw a\- n-em-I-cp-Xv. Adn-

™m¬ \nßƒ F¥n\v JmZn-bm-\n-I-fpsS km[-\-ßƒ hmßn

F∂p tNmZn®v a‰p Alvdm-cn-Iƒ Abmsf hnj-an-∏n-°pw.''

Bbn-Sbv°v Rß-fpsS Kma-Ønse Hcp lp≠n-I-

°S°mc≥ Hcp Zcn-Z-I¿j-Is‚ I∂p-Im-enIsf Hcp tIkp-

ambn _‘-s∏ v P]vXn sNbvXp-sIm-≠p-t]m-bn. Cu I¿j-I\pw

Alvdm-cn-I-fn¬s]- -bm-fm-bn-cp-∂p. P]vXn sNø-s∏´ arK-ß-fn¬

Hcp ]ip-°p-ń-bpap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. P]vXn sNøp∂ t\c-Øv, "CXv

F\n°v Fs‚ D∏ X∂-XmWv, CXns\ Rm≥ Xcn√' F∂v

]d™v ]ip-°p-ń-bpsS Ib-dn¬ I¿j-Is‚ sNdn-b-Ipń ]nSn-

®p. F∂m¬, tIkv Pbn-®-bmƒ B ]ip-°p-ń-tbbpw P]vXn

sNbvXpsIm≠p-t]mbn. AXn\p Ipd-®p-Zn-hkw aptº B I¿j-

I-s‚- Hcp Fcpa InW-‰n¬hoWv NØn-cp-∂p. Cbmƒ°v BsI-

bp-≠m-bncp∂ aqe-[\w B I∂p-Im-enIfmbn-cp-∂p.

A∂m-fp-I-fn¬ DΩ Ukv°bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Cu kw`hw

DΩ tI´-t∏mƒ h√msX hnj-an-®p. Bh¿Øn-®m-h¿Øn®v

Cßs\ ]d-™p-sIm-≠n-cp∂p: "C∂v B ]mh-Øns‚ hoSv ac-

W-ho-Sp-t]m-se-bm-bn-cn-°pw. Abm-fpsS D]-Po-h-\-am¿§w ssIhn-

´p-t]m-bn. Abm-fpsS mcybpw a°fpw Fßs\-bmWv C\n Pohn-

79Fs‚ DΩ

°pI. Abm-fpsS Ipń-bn¬\n∂v P]vXn sNbvX-bmƒ B ]ip-

°p-ńsb ]nSn-®p-hm-ßn-b-t∏mƒ Ahs‚ a\- n¬ F¥m-bn-

cn°pw Ign-™p-I-S-∂n- p-≠m-Ip-I.'' ]n∂oSv ZpB sNbvXp. "A√m-

lp-th, Cu \mi-Øn¬\n∂v B ]mh-tØbpw Abm-fpsS mcym-

a-°-tfbpw klm-bn-°m≥ \o F\n°p XuôJv X∂m-epw.'

anbm≥ Ppams\ hnfn-®p. (C-bmƒ aq∂p-X-e-ap-d-bmbn Rß-

fpsS qan-Iƒ t\m°n-\-S-Øp-∂-bm-fm-Wv) F∂n v ]d™p: ""C∂v

Cßs\ kw`-hn-®n-´p-≠v. \o Ct∏mƒØs∂ B lp≠n-I-°-S-

°m-cs\ hnfn-®p-sIm-≠p-h-cn-I. Rm\-bm-tfmSp B hy‡n-bp-

ambn HØp-Xo¿∏m-Im≥ kwkm-cn-°p-Ibpw AXp-ho-´m-\p≈

G¿∏mSv sNøp-Ibpw sNøpw. sshIp-t∂-c-Øn-\p-aptº

Abmƒ°v Abm-fpsS I∂p-Im-en-Isf Xncn-®p-In- p-Ibpw Abm-

fpsS `mcym-a-°ƒ°v a\x-k-am-[m\w e`n-°p-Ibpw thWw.''

anbm≥ Ppam≥ ]d™p: ""Rm\-Xp -sN-øp-I-bn-√. Cbmƒ \Ωp-

sS -F-Xn-cm-fn-bm-Wv. \ΩpsS iXp-°-tfm-sSm∏w tN¿∂-bm-fm-

Wv.'' DΩ tZzj-tØmsS ]d™p:

""\o a¬tPm-em-bpsS aI-\m-Wv. Rm≥ Nu±co sk°-

µ¿Jms‚ acp-a-Ifpw Nu±co \pkvdp-√m-lvJms‚

`mcybpw k^vdp-√m-lvJms‚ DΩ-bp-am-W-v. Rm≥

\nt∂mSv ssZh-Øns‚ \ma-Øn¬ Hcp Imcyw ]d-bp-

∂p. "Rm\Xp sNøp-I-bns√∂v' \o ]d-bp-∂p. Rm≥

]d-bp-∂Xv \ntj-[n-°m≥ \n\-s°¥v tijn-bm-Wp-

≈-Xv. t]mIp-I, Rm≥ Iev]n-°p-∂Xv DSs\ sNøp-I.

Hm¿°p-I, HØp-Xo¿∏n\v hnjaw D≠m-°p-∂-hn-[-

Øn¬ lp≠n-I-°-S-°m-cs\ H∂pw ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw

hmbn-∏n-°p-Ibpw th≠.''

DΩ ]d-™p: Rm≥ Cu kw`hw Adn-™-t∏mƒ kplvdns‚

t\cw Ign-™n-cp-∂p. \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ Rm≥ ho≠pw ZpB

sNbvXp. "A√m-lp-th, Rms\mcp Zp¿_-e-bmb kvXobm-Wv.

\o Xs∂ Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Fs∂ klm-bn-®m-epw.' Cß-

s\bpw Rm≥ ZpB sNbvXp. ""Fs‚ a°-fmb A–p-√m-lvJm\pw

80Fs‚ DΩ

Ak-Zp-√m-lvJm\pw Jpkq-dn¬\n∂pw emtlm-dn¬\n∂pw

FXbpw thKw FtØ-W-ta. (B- \m-fp-I-fn¬ Rm≥ Cw•-≠n-

em-bn-cp-∂p) \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬\n∂v kemw ho´n-b-tX-bp≈q A–p-

√m-lvJm\pw AkZp-√m-lvJm\pw tamt´m¿hm-l-\-Øn¬ FØn-

°-gn-™n-cp-∂p. Fs∂ I≠p-Ss\ "\nß-sf-¥n-\mWv CX hnj-

an-°p-∂-'sX∂v Ah¿ tNmZn-®p. Rm≥ F√m Imcy-ßfpw Ah-

tcmSp ]d-™p. \nßƒ c≠p-t]cpw C°m-cy-Øn¬ Fs∂ klm-

bn-°Wsa∂pw Adn-bn-®p. Ah¿ ]d-™p, \nßƒ \n¿t±-in-

°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se.

Aßs\ lp≠n-I-°-S-°m-c≥ h∂p. DΩ Abm-tfmSp ISw

hmßnb Bfns‚ IW-°p-Iƒ HØp-Xo¿∏m-°n. lp≠n-I-°-S-

°m-c≥ Iptd X¥-ßfpw kqX-ßfpw ]d-™p. ]t£, DΩ

Abmƒ hmßnb bYm¿∞ XpI-bn¬Øs∂ Xocp-am\w ]d-

™p. F∂n v lp≠n-I-°-S-°m-c-t\mSp ]d™p: ""Cu XpI Rm≥

\n\°v Xcpw. \o DSs\ Abm-fpsS I∂p-Im-en-Isf Xncn®v

Abmƒ°v \evIp-I.'' Xs‚ ssIbn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ ]Whpw AXn-

t\m-sSm∏w XnI-bm-sX-h∂ ]Ww a°-fn¬\n∂v hmßnbpw

lp≠n-I-°m-c\v HØp-Xo¿∏v XpI sImSp-Øp. I¿j-I\v I∂p-

Im-en-Iƒ Xncn-®p-In-´n-b-t∏mƒ, Abm-fpsS aI-t\mSv ]d™p:

""\o t]mbn \ns‚ ]ip-°p- nsb FSp-Øp-sIm-≈p-I. C\n Bcpw

\n∂n¬\n∂v AXns\ sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-I-bn-√. ]n∂oSv Xs‚

a°ƒ°pth≠n ]m¿∞n-®p. ]d™p: ""\nß-sfs‚ ZpxJ-a-I-‰n.

C\n Rm≥ kzÿ-X-tbmsS Dd-ßpw.''

Pam-A-Øn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ A`n-am\w

]t£, Cu kw`-h-ß-fn¬\n∂v DΩmbv°v Pam-A-Øn-s\-

°p-dn -®p≈ A`n -am\w C√m-bn -cp∂p F∂v ]d-bp -∂Xv

bmYm¿∞y-Øn\v \nc-°m-Ø-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. Pam-A-Øns\ kw_-

‘n®v Ah¿°v Atß-b-‰sØ A`n-am-\-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. lZvdØv

akolv auDu-Zv(-A), Alva-Znøm Pam-A-Øv, \p_p∆Øv IpSpw-

_mw-K-ßƒ, Pa-mA-Ønse alm-∑m¿ XpS-ßn-b-hsc kw_-

‘n®v GsX-¶nepw Xc-Øn-ep≈ A]-a-cym-Ztbm A\p-Nn-X-amb

81Fs‚ DΩ

]hr-Øntbm Ah¿°v kln-°m≥ Ign-™n-cp-∂n-√.

F\n°v \√-hÆw Hm¿Ω-bp-≠v. D∏ Pam-A-Øn¬ ]th-

in® Ime-Øv, At±-l-Øn\v auem\m dqan-bpsS aYv\hn henb

C„-am-bn-cp-∂p. Hgn-hp-≈-t∏mƒ ]Xy-£-Øn¬ kq^n-am-sc-t∏m-

se-bp-≈Xpw k\ym-kn-am-sc-t∏m-se- \S°p∂-Xp-amb Hcm-fn¬

\n∂v aYv\hn ]Tn-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp-X-hW Cu kmln_v

Ah[n Znhkw Rß-fpsS hoń¬h∂p. D∏ FhnsS? F∂v

tNmZn-®p. Hmô-kn¬ B t\cØv Kpa-kvXt\m a‰p tPmen-

°mtcm D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. D∏ apI-fn-esØ \ne-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cn-

°p-sa∂v B kmln_v Icp-Xn. At±lw Dds° D∏msb hnfn-

®p. Nu±co kmln_v hoń-en-s√∂v ]d-bm≥ Ft∂mSp DΩ ]d-

™p. Rm≥ Aß-s\-Xs∂ t]mbn ]d-™p. FhnsS t]mbn?

F∂v B kmln_v tNmZn-®p. At±lw JmZn-bm-\n-te°v t]mbn-

cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v ]d-bm≥ Ft∂mSp ]d-™p. CXp-tI-ń´v B

kmln_v lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)-s\-°p-dn®v Ft¥m acym-

Z-tISv ]d-™p. At∏mƒhsc Rm≥ aptJ-\-bmWv DΩ adp-]Sn

]d-™n-cp-∂-Xv. Cu hmIyw tI´-tXmsS tZzjw-sIm≠v Akz-

ÿ-bm-bn. P\-ens‚bSp-°¬s®∂v Dds° B kmln-_n-t\mSp

]d™p:

""\nßƒ henb AIaw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. \√-Xm-K-

ln-°p-s∂-¶n¬ Ct∏mƒXs∂ Fs‚ hoń¬\n∂v Cd-

ßn-t∏m-Ip-I. ChnsS tPmen-°m¿ Bsc-¶n-ep-apt≠m?

Cu acym-Z-bn-√mØ hr≤s\ ]pd-Øm-°p-I. Hm¿Øp-

sImƒI, C\n-sbm-cn-°-epw Cu hoń¬ IS-∂-Xmbn

I≠p-t]m-I-cp-Xv. Cbm-fp-sS- Iq´p-Im-c≥ ht∂m-s´. At±-

lØnt\msSm-∏-am-Wt√m Cbmƒ aYv\hn hmbn-°m≥

ChnsS hcp-∂-Xv. CØcw acym-Z-bn-√mØ Bfp-ambn

F¥n\mWv _‘w XpS-ßp-∂-sX\v Rm≥ tNmZn-°pw.''

Abmƒ At∏mƒØs∂t]mbn. D∏ h∂-t∏mƒ DΩ hf-

sc- thZ\ ]I-Sn-∏n-®p. C\n-ta-en¬ Abmƒ \ΩpsS hoń¬

82Fs‚ DΩ

hcm≥ ]mSn-s√∂v \n¿_‘w ]nSn-®p. B Znh-k-Øn-\p-tijw

]n∂oSv Abmƒ Rß-fpsS hoń¬ h∂n-ń-√.

Cu Ahÿ XpS-°-Øn-ep≈ kvt\l-Øn-t‚-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.

]n∂oSv Imew Ign-™p-s]m-bvs°m-≠n-cp-∂p. aXm-`n-am-\hpw

h¿≤n-®p-sIm-t≠-t]m-bn. BZyta lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv

(A)s‚ F√m IpSpw-_mw-K-ßƒ°pw th≠n ZpB sNømsX

Rms\m-cn-°epw ZpB sNøm-dn-√ F-∂v Ft∂mSv ]e-h´w DΩ

]d-™n-´p≠v. \p_p∆Øv IpSpw-_-tØmSp FX-am-Xw -

Bflm¿∞Xbpw kvt\l-hp-amWv Ah¿°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂-sX∂v

CXn¬\n∂v Hcp-]-cn-[n-hsc a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

lZvdØv Aao-dp¬ apAv-an\nep≈ hnizmkw

lZvdØv Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv Ym\n(-d)-tbmSv Ah¿°v

AXn-c‰ hnizm-k-am-bn-cp-∂p. Atß-b-‰sØ kvt\l-hp-ap-≠m-

bn-cp-∂p. lpkq-dns‚ Fs¥-¶nepw \n¿t±-i-sa-Øn-bm¬ DSs\

AXv \-S-∏m-°n-bn-cn-°pw. lpkqdpw Ah-tcmSv ]tXy-I-\n-e-bn¬

B¿Z-X-tbmsS s]cp-am-dn-bn-cp-∂p. Nne-t∏mƒ AXn-bmb

kvt\l-Øn¬ Ah¿ lpkq-dn-t\mSv, DΩ Ipń-I-tfmSv kwkm-

cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse kwkm-cn-®n-cp-∂p. lpkqdpw Ah-cpsS kt¥m-

j-Øn-∂mbn Nne t\c-ß-fn¬ Zo¿L-t\cw kwkm-cn-®n-cn-°m-

dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

\me-©p-h¿jw aptº I≠ DΩ-bpsS Hcp kz]v\w ]tXyI

\ne-bn¬ Cubh-k-c-Øn-te°v kqN\ \evIp-∂p-≠v. Ah¿

lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s\ kz]v\-Øn¬ I≠p. ""D∏-bp-

ambn Ft¥m kwkm-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-XmWv I≠-Xv. ]n∂oSv DΩ-

sb- Nq-≠n-s°m-≠p- Ahsc hnfn-°pI F∂p ]-d-™p. D∏ Ahn-

sS-\n∂v Btcm-tSm, k^vdp-√m-lvJms‚ DΩ AhnsS \nev]p-

≠v, lpkq¿ hnfn-°p-∂p-s≠∂v Ah-tcmSv ]d-bpI F∂p ]d-

™b®p. DΩ Cu ktµiw Inń-bp-Ss\ lpkq-dns‚ ]n∂n¬

sN∂p \n∂p. Rm≥ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v Adn-bn-®p. lpkq¿

]d-™p. ""B ]≈n-bn¬sh®p ]d™ Imcyw Hm¿Ω-bpt≠m

F∂v alvaq-Zn-t\mSv tNmZn-°-Ww.''

83Fs‚ DΩ

DΩ I≠ B kz]v\w Rm≥ lZvdØv Jeo-^-Øp¬ ako-

ln-t\mSp ]d-™-t∏mƒ lpkq¿ ]d-™p. CXp hcm≥t]m-Ip∂

^nXv\sb kw_-‘n®v Pam-A-Øns‚ kwc-£-W-Øn-te-°p≈

kqN-\-bm-Wv.

D∏bpsS h^m-Øn\v Ipd-®p-Imew Ign-™-t∏mƒ DΩ,

"km[n-°p-sa-¶n¬ At±-l-Øns‚ J_vdn-S-Øn-∂-Sp-Øv X\n°v

ÿew \n›-bn-®mepw' F∂v lZvdØv Jeo-^-Øp¬ ako-ln-

t\mSp ]d-™p. lpkq¿ ]d™p: s]mXp-hm-b \ne-bn¬ Aßs\

sNøpI F∂Xv C„-I-c-amb Imcy-a-√. ]t£, ]tXyI kml-

N-cy-Øn¬ Aß-s\-bm-Imw. Aßs\ lpkq¿ D∏-bpsS

J_vdns‚ he-Xp-`m-KØv DΩm-bv°p-th≠n ÿew \n›-bn-®p-

sIm-Sp-Øp. ]t£, lZvdØv Xmbn-km-ln_ h^m-Øm-b-t∏mƒ

bmZr-›n-I-ambn Ahsc AhnsS J_-d-S-°n. DΩ C°mcyw

lZvdØv kmln-_n-t\mSv ]d-™-t∏mƒ lpkq¿ ]d™p:

"_nlnivXn aJv_-d-'bnse kwLm-S-I-cpsS ]niIpsIm≠v

Aßs\ kw`-hn-®-Xm-Wv. Ct∏mƒ \nßƒ°p-th≠n thsd

ÿew Rm≥ \n›-bn-®n-´p-≠v. CXv AtX Jfi-Øn¬Xs∂-

bm-Wv. ]t£, Nu±-co-km-ln-_ns‚ Imens‚ mK-Øm-Wv.'' DΩ

]d™p: ""lpkq¿, At±-l-Øns‚ Imev m-K-Øp≈ ÿe-Øns‚

A¿l-Xtb F\n-°p-≈q. C\n CXmcpw sIm≠p-t]m-ImXncn°m-

\p≈ G¿∏mSv lpkq¿ sNbvXm-epw.'' \mw _nlnivXn aJv_d

A[n-Ir-X-tcm-Sv, Ah-cpsS cPn-Ãdn¬ CXp tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øm≥

\n¿t±-in-®n-´p-≠v. ]X-Ønepw hnfw-_cw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv F∂v

lpkq¿ Adn-bn®p.

akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ IpSpw-_-tØm-Sp≈ kvt\lw

1935-˛¬ Hcp Alvdmcn kmln_ kmZ an¿km ico^v

AlvaZv kmln-_ns‚ta¬ BI-aWw \S-Øn. Cu hnh-cw- A-

dn-™-t∏mƒ DΩmbv°v h√mØ B[n-bp-≠m-bn. Ai-\-]m-\o-

b-ßƒ Dt]-£n-®p. Dd-°-an-√m-Xm-bn. IÆo¿ \ne-®n-cp-∂n-√.

Ipd®p Znh-k-Øn-\p-tijw Ft∂mSp ]d™p: k -dp-√m-lvJm≥,

Fs‚ Ah-ÿ- C-XmIptºmƒ AΩm-Pms‚ (l-ZvdØv DΩp¬

84Fs‚ DΩ

apAv-an\os‚) Ahÿ F¥m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Rm≥ Nn¥n-°p-I-

bm-Wv. F\n-°nXn¬ F¥p sNøp-hm≥ Ign-bp-sa-∂mWv ]n∂oSv

Rm≥ BtemNn-®-Xv. c≠p-aq∂p Znh-k-ambn Hcp ]≤Xn F\n°p

tXm∂n-bn-´p-≠v. AXn-\p-tijw Rm≥ Hcp-]mSv ZpB sNbvXp.

Cu ]≤-Xn-b-\p-k-cn®v ]h¿Øn-°m≥ A√mlp F\n°v

Xu^oJv Xcp-sa∂v F\n°v kam-[m-\-ap-≠v.

Rm≥ tNmZn-®p, F¥mWv B ]≤Xn? DΩ ]d™p: hn√nw-

KvS¨s‚ `mcy Ft∂mSp hf-sc-b-[nIw kvt\lw ]I-Sn-∏n-

°m-dp-≠v. Ah¿°v Rm\p-ambn Ipd-®v CW°-ap-s≠∂v F\n°pw

Adnbmw. \o Ah-cp-am-bn v Fs‚ IqSn-°m-gvN-bpsS kabw \n›-

bn-®p-h-cn-I. sshtkm-bnbpw B t\c-Øp-≠m-h-Ww. Pam-A-

Øn-t\m-Sp≈ k¿°m-cns‚ s]cp-am‰w Fß-s\-bm-sW∂v Rm≥

At±-l-tØmSp ]d-bpw. Ct∏mƒ lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv

(A)s‚ Ic-fns‚ Ij-W-Øn-\p-ta¬ Hcp sXΩmSn BIaWw

\S-Øn-bn-cn-°p-IbmWv. Rm≥ hr≤-bm-Wv. F\n-°m-sW-¶n¬

]¿± [cn-°pI F∂ I¿i-\-hpan-√. sshtkm-bn-bpsS ASp-

Øp-t]mbn Cu ]cmXn Adn-bn-°-W-sa∂v Fs‚ a\ v ]d™p-

sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

Rm≥ ]d™p: IqSn-°m-gvN-bv°p≈ G¿∏mSv Rm≥ sNøp-

∂-Xm-Wv. X¿P-a-°mbpw IqsS ]d-bmw. ]t£, Imcy-ßƒ apgp-

h\pw \nßƒXs∂ ]d-tb-≠n-h-cpw. A°m-cy-Ønsem∂pw

klm-bn-°m≥ F\n°p Ign-bn-√. klm-bn-®m¬, Rm≥ \nßsf

]Tn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠p-h-∂Xm-sW∂v Ah¿ [cn-°pw. DΩ ]d-™p,

"\o kabw \n›-bn®phcnI. kwkm-cn-°m-\p≈ Xt‚Sw

A√mlp F\n°v \evIpw.''- A-ßs\ sshtkm-bn kmln-_n-

t\mSv Rm\n-°mcyw ]d-™p. kt¥m-j-tØmsS Iq´nhcnI F∂v

At±lw ]d-™p.

C¥y≥ sshtkm-bn-bp-ambn IqSn-°mgvN

\n›n-X- t\-cØv Rßƒ c≠p-t]cpw sshtkm-bn-bp-

tSbpw teUn-hnenw-KvS¨t‚bpw k∂n-[n-bnseØn. BXn-Yy-a-

cym-Z-bv°p-tijw sshtkmbn kmln_v ]d-™p. \nßƒ \nß-

85Fs‚ DΩ

fpsS PamAØns\-°p-dn®v Ft∂mSv Ft¥m Imcyw ]d-bm≥

BK-ln-°p-∂p-sh∂v k^-dp-√m-Jm≥ ]d-™p. DΩbpw teUn-

hn-enw-KvSWpw Hcp tkm^-bnepw teUn-hn-enw-KvS¨s‚ he-Xp-

`m-K-Øv sshtkmbn Hcp Nmcp-I-tk-c-bnepw Ccp-∂p. DΩ-bpsS

CS-Xp-`m-KØv as‰mcp Nmcp-I-tk-c-bn¬ Rm\pw Ccp-∂p. DΩ-

bpsS ASp-Øn-cn-°p-tºmƒ Hcp ssI DΩ-bpsS ]ndIn-eq-sS-

bn´v XnI®pw Ah-tcmSv tN¿∂n-cn-°pI F∂Xv teUn-hn-√nw-

KvS¨s‚ amaq-em-bn-cp-∂p. Ct∏mgpw Ah-cn-cp-hcpw Aß-s\-X-

s∂-bmWv Ccp-∂n-cp-∂-Xv. teUn-hn-√nw-KvS¨ CS-bv°nsS Xs‚

at‰ ssIsIm≠v DΩ-bp-sS -ssI Aa¿Øn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p.

sshtkmbn tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ DΩ ]d-™p. AsX, Rm≥

hfsc Nn¥n-®-Xn-\p-ti-j-amWv Aß-tbmfw FØm≥ ss[cy-

s∏-´-Xv. Rm≥ Alva-Znøm Pam-A-Ønse HcwK-am-Wv. Rß-

fpsS Pam-A-Øns‚ ÿm]-I-\mb lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(A)

Rßsf ]Tn-∏n-®n-´p-≈Xv Rßƒ _nójv `c-W-tØmSv Iqdp-

]p-e¿Øn-sIm-≠n-cn-°-W-sa∂pw Ah¿°p-th≠n ]m¿∞n®p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°-W-sa∂pamWv. ImcWw Cu c-W-Øn¬ Rßƒ°v

aX-kzm-X¥yw e`n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Rßƒ°v Hcp bhpw oXnbpw

IqSmsX Rß-fpsS aX-I-ev]-\-Iƒ ]men-°m≥ km[n-°p-∂p.

F\n°v Pam-A-Ønse a‰p-≈-h-sc-°p-dn®v H∂pw ]d-bm≥ Ign-

bn-s√¶nepw Fs∂-°p-dn®v Ddt∏msS F\n°v ]d-bm≥ Ign-

bpw. (C-hnsS DΩ- Xs‚ he-XpssI Xs‚ s\©n¬sh-®p)

Rm≥ lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ Cu \n¿t±iw ]men®v

apS-ßmsX ]h¿Øn-®p-h-cp-∂p. _nójv k¿°m-dns‚ \ne-\n-

ev]n\pw sFiz-cy-Øn-\pw-th≠n XpS¿®-bmbn ZpB sNbvXp-

sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. ]t£, c≠p-h¿j-ambn ]©m_v k¿°m¿ Rß-

fpsS Pam-A-Øn-t\mSv A\o-Xn-]-c-am-bn-´mWv s]cp-am-dp-∂-Xv.

Rß-fpsS Cam-an\pw Rß-fp-sS -P-am-A-Øn\pw _p≤n-ap- p-≠m-

°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. F¶nepw lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚

Iev]-\-bm-b-Xp-sIm≠v ]m¿∞n-°p-∂p-≠v. ]t£, ]m¿∞\

lrZ-b-Øn¬Xń hcp∂n-√, ImcWw Fs‚ a\ v Xr]vX-a√

F∂-Xp-X-s∂.

86Fs‚ DΩ

Ct∏mƒ Ipd-®p-aptº Hcp sXΩmSn lZvdØv akolv auDu-

Zv(-A)s‚ aI\pw Rß-fpsS Cam-ans‚ sNdnb ktlm-Z-c-\p-am-

b-h-cpsSta¬ BI-aWw \S-Øn. At±-lsØ a¿±n-®p. lZvdØv

akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ a°ƒ Rßƒ°v RßfpsS Poh-t\-

°mƒ ]nb-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. Cu kw`hw tI´Xp apX¬ F\n°v

Xn∂m\pw IpSn-°m\pw Dd-ßm\pw Ign-™n- n-√. Cu hmIy-ßƒ

DΩ Ipd®p thZ-\-tbm-Sp-IqSn ]d-™-t∏mƒ teUn-hn-√nw-

KvS¨s‚ apJw XnI®pw hnf-dn-t∏m-bn. Ah¿ tZzj-tØmsS

sshtkm-bn-tbmSp tNmZn®p: CsX-¥mWv kw`hw? Aßv

F¥mWv DNn-X-amb \S-]Sn FSp-°m-Xn-cp-∂Xv?

sshtkmbn adp-]Sn ]d™p: ""Rm≥ k vdp-√m-lvJm-t\mSv

hni-Zo-I-cn®v CXp-kw-_-‘-ambn kwkm-cn-®p-I-gn-™p. DΩ-tbm-

Smbn ]d™p: ""kXy-Øn¬ C°m-cy-ßƒ ]©m_v Kh¿W-

cpsS A[n-Im-c-Øn¬s∏- -Xm-Wv. At±-lsØ kw_-‘n-®v, At±-

l-Øns‚ t]cn¬ Hcp Iev]-\bpw F\n°p ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°m≥

Ig-nbmØ Ah-ÿ-bm-Wp-≈-Xv. C°m-cy-ß-fn¬ Rm\n-S-s]- m¬

Abmƒ°Xv C„-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. Rm≥ t_mw_-bntem aZm-

kntem Kh¿W¿ Bbn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ B ImesØ sshtkmbn

CØcw Imcy-ß-fn¬ Fs‚ t]cn¬ Fs¥-¶nepw Iev]\ ]pd-

s∏-Sp-hn-®m¬ Rm\pw AXn„s∏Sp-I-bn-√.''

DΩ ]d™p: ""Rm≥ Aß-tbmSp At±-l-Øns‚ t]cn¬

Fs¥-¶nepw Iev]\ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°Wsat∂m ImTn-\y-tØmsS

s]cp-am-d-W-sat∂m ]d-bp-∂n-√. F¥m-bmepw At±-l-Øns‚

tPmen-bpsS ta¬t\m´w Aß-bpsS Npa-X-e-bn-em-W-t√m. Rß-

fpsS ]cmXn ]cn-l-cn-®p-X-cm≥ Aßv kvt\l-tØmSpw hn\-b-

tØmSpw At±-l-tØmSp ]d-bp-I.''

sshtkmbn ]d-™p. ""Xo¿®-bmbpw Rm\Xp sNøpw.''

]t£, teUn hn√nw-KvS¨s‚ tZzjw sshtkm-bn-bpsS Cu

adp-]-Sn-sIm≠v XWp-Øn-√. Ah¿ DΩ-bpsS ssI Aa¿Øn-

sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw kvt\l-a-b-amb hm°p-Iƒ Ah-tcm-Smbn

Bh¿Øn-®m-h¿Øn®v ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Rm≥ ]©m-_nse

87Fs‚ DΩ

Kh¿Æ¿°v a\- n-em-°n-s°m-Sp-°pw. \nßƒ hn-jant°≠.

Rm≥ Abmsf imkn-°pw.'' Xm≥]-d™ Imcyw icn-bmb \ne-

bn¬ X¿Pa sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-°m≥ Ah¿ Ft∂mSp \n¿_-‘n-

®p-]-d-™p.

Hc-h-k-c-Øn¬ temUvhn√nw-KvS¨ DΩ-tbmSv "Hcp cmPy-

Øns‚ c-Ww \n¿∆-ln-°p-∂-XmtWm IqSp-X¬ Ffp∏w AtXm

Hcp -ho-Sns‚ `c-W\n¿∆-lWtam?' F∂v tNmZn-®p. c≠n¬

GXmtWm A√mlp IqSp-X¬ Ffp-∏-am-°p-∂Xv AXm-bn-cn°pw

Ffp-∏-sa∂v DΩ adp-]Sn \evIn. Cu DØcw tI´v sshtkmbn

A¤p-X-s∏-´p-t]m-bn.

ao¿ C≥-B-ap√mlv imlv kmln-_ns‚ ac-WsØ-°p-dn®v kz]v\w

1935 G]n¬ amk-Øn¬ ao¿ C≥-B-ap-√mlv imlv kmln_v

sslZ-c-_mZv Z°-\n-te°v t]mbn. sabv Ah-km-\-Øn¬

AhnsS At±-l-Øn\v ITn-\-amb tcmKw _m[n-®p. At±-l-

Øns‚ Akp-J-sØ-°p-dn®v hnhcw Inń-b-t∏mƒ Rm≥ DΩ-

tbmSv ZpB sNøm≥ At]-£n-®p. Ah¿°v ao¿ kmln-_ns\

henb C„-am-bn-cp-∂p. ZpB sNøp-sa∂v ]d-™p-sh-¶nepw DS-

s\-Xs∂ henb hnjaw ]I-Sn-∏n-®p. Ipd-®p-\mƒ aptº I≠

Xs‚ Hcp kz]v\w tIƒ∏n-®p: ""Hcp hoSns‚ apI-fn-esØ \ne-

bpsS A¶-W-Øn¬ ao¿km-ln_v Nu±co _io¿ AlvaZv

kmln-_ns‚ IqsS Hcp-I-ń-en¬ Ccn-°p-tºmƒ P\m-e-bn-eqsS

Nu±-co Pem-ep-±o≥ kmln_v A¶-W-Øn¬ h∂p. Ct±lw

acn-®-bm-fm-Wt√m Ft∂m¿Øv Rm≥ b-∂p. Ct±lw Fßs\

Chn-sS-sbØn? apdn-bn-te°v t]mIp-∂-Xn-\mbn Rm≥ _io¿

Alva-Zns\ BwKyw Imń hnfn-®p. Aßs\ _io¿ AlvaZv

hmXn¬ Xpd-∂p. Rßƒ c≠p-t]cpw D≈n¬ t]mbn. Rm≥

hmXn-ens‚ •mkn-eqsS Nu±co Pem-ep-±o≥ kmln_v ao¿ km-

ln-_ns‚bSp-°¬ Iń-en¬- C-cn-°p-∂Xpw c≠p-t]cpw Htc

]pX-∏n¬ AXn¬ InS-°p-∂Xpw I≠p.'' Cu kz]v\w tI -t∏mƒ

DΩ-tbmSp Rm≥ ]d-™p. ""AXns‚ hymJym\w kphy-‡-am-

Wv. Aßv B t\cØv CXv ]d-™n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Rm≥ ao¿

88Fs‚ DΩ

kmln-_nt\mSv sslZ-cm-_m-Zn¬\n∂v Xncn-®p-h-cm≥ ]d-bp-am-

bn-cp-∂-t√m. ]t£, Ct∏mƒ ZpB sNøp-I-b-√msX Hcp c£-

bp-an-√.''

c≠p-Zn-h-k-Øn-\p-tijw Xl-÷p-Zn\pw kp_vln°pw CS-

bn¬ ao¿ km-ln-_ns‚ Btcm-Ky-Øn-∂mbn ZpB sNbvXp

sIm≠v DΩ I´n-en¬ InS-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. At∏mƒ Hcp Ai-

cocn tI´p. "At±lØns‚ sshZypXn \ne-®pt]mbn' DSs\

Xs∂ Fgp-t∂‰v Fs‚ `mcy-bpsS apdn-bn¬t]m-bn, Ahsf

DW¿Øn-s°m≠v "ao¿ kmln_v h^m-Øm-bn-cn-°p∂p'sh∂v

]d-™p. ao¿ km-ln_v cmXn h^m-Øm-bn-cn-°p-s∂∂ Iºn

cmhnse sslZ-cm-_m-Zn¬\n∂pw e`n-®p. ]n∂oSv hni-Z-ambn

Imcy-ßƒ Adn-™-t∏mƒ, DΩm-tbmSp At±-l-Øns‚

sshZypXn \ne-®pt]mbn F∂v ]d-b-s∏´ AtX t\c-Øp-X-

s∂-bmWv At±lw h^m-Øm-b-sX∂v a\- n-em-bn.

Aap-Jy-Im-cy-ß-fn¬\n∂pw A\m-Nm-c-ß-fn¬\n∂pw PmKX

Nu±co _io¿ AlvaZv kmln_v Hcp kw`hw hnh-cn-°p-

∂p. CXn¬\n∂v DΩmbv°v A\m-Nm-c-ß-tfmSpw Aap-Jy-Im-cy-

ß-tfmSpw FX-amXw shdp-∏m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v a\- n-em-°mw.

At±lw ]d-bp∂p:

""Fs‚ hnhm-lm-h-k-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. \n°m-ln-\p-tijw Fs∂

s]Æp-ß-fpsS ]¥-en-te°v hnfn-∏n-®p. Kma-Ønse kº-Zm-

b-a-\p-k-cn®v c≠v Ãqƒ apJm-apJw sh®n-cn-°p-∂Xv Rm≥ I≠p.

AXn-sem-∂n¬ Rm≥ Ccn-°-W-sa∂ ]Xo-£-bn-em-Wp-≈-Xv.-

a-‰-Xn¬ h[p-hn-t\bpw Ccp-Øp-I. Nne NS-ßp-Iƒ \S-Øm-\mWv

Cßs\ sNbvXn-´p-≈-Xv. CXn\v ]©m-_n-bn¬ ]d-bp-∂Xv

"t_tUm tLmUn tL¬\' F∂m-Wv. Rms\m∂p ]cn-`-an-®p.

F¶nepw B t\cØv kvXoI-tfmSv X¿°n-°p-∂Xpw hmin-]n-

Sn-°p-∂Xpw DNnXa-s√∂v Icp-Xn. F\n-°p-th≠n sh®n-cp-∂-

Ãq--fn¬ Rm\n-cp-∂p. B NS-ßp-Iƒ°mbn Hcp-°n-sh-®n-cn-°p∂

km[\-ß-fn-te°v Rm≥ ssI\o- n. CX-bp-am-b-t∏mƒ AΩmbn

(Fs‚ DΩ) Fs‚ ssIbpsS aWn-I-WvT-Øn¬ apdpsI ]nSn®v

89Fs‚ DΩ

]n∂n-te°v am‰n. ]d-™p, "sNø-cpXv tams\. CXv in¿°p]c-

amb Imcy-ß-fm-Wv.' AXn¬\n∂v F\n°pw D’m-l-am-bn.

Rm≥ B km[-\-ßƒ Fs‚ ssIsIm≠v hnX-dn-°-f-bp-Ibpw

Fgp-t∂-‰p-\n∂v Cu NS-ßn¬ Rm≥ ]s¶-Sp-°p-I-bn-s√∂v ]d-

bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. C]Imcw F\n°v tamN\w Inń.''

Fs‚ aI-fpsS P\-\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ DΩ-bpsS kz]v\w

GtXm Hcp `rXy≥ Hcp tπ‰v sIm≠p-h-∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn

1936-˛¬ DΩ Hcp kz]v\w I≠p. AXn¬ amß-t]m-ep≈ A©v

]ghpw A©p-cq-]bpw sh®n-´p-≠v. Hcp kz¿Æm-`-c-W-hp-ap-≠v.

CXn\v ]©m-_n-bn¬ "Xoem' Ft∂m "Xoen' Ft∂m BWv

]d-bp-∂Xv. aq°n-emWv AXv AWn-bp-∂-Xv. ]gw sIm≠p-h-∂-

X-dn-bn-®p-sIm≠v B rXy≥ DΩsb hnfn-®p. DΩ ]d™p: ""]mI-

ambn°gn-™m¬ Rm≥ tπ‰n¬ sh-®p-sIm-≠p-h-cp-sa∂v

At±lw ]d™ AtX]gam-Wt√m CXv.''

t\cw shfp-Ø-t∏mƒ DΩ Xm≥I≠ kz]v\w Fs‚ `mcy-

tbmSp ]d-™p. CXp ]pe-cp∂ h√ e£-W-hp-apt≠m F∂pw

tNmZn-®p. Ah¿ Ipd®p \mWw-sIm-≠pw, XnI™ Dd-∏n-√m-Ø-

Xp-sIm≠pw ]d-™p. "C√, Ct∏mƒ e£-W-sam-∂p-an-√.' DΩ

]d-™p, \o \ntj-[n-°p-I-bm-Wv. A√m-lp-X-Be F\n°v kphy-

‡-amb \ne-bn¬ Adn-bn-®p-X-∂n-cn-°p-∂p. Ah≥ Cu kphn-

ti-jsØ Xo¿®-bmbpw ]q¿Øn-bm-°psa∂v F\n°v ZrV-hn-

izm-k-ap-≠v.

Aßs\ 1937 P\p-hcn 12-˛\v Aa-Øp¬løv P\n-®p.

AhfpsS P\-\-Zn-h-khpw hfsc A\p-Kr-lo-X-am-Wv. ImcWw

Cu ZnhkamWv lZvdØv Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv Ym\n(-d)-bpsS

A\p-Kr-lo-X-P-\-\-ap-≠m-b-Xv. Ahƒ P\n-°p-∂-Xn\v Ipd®p aWn-

°q-dp-Iƒ aptº DΩ Fs‚ `mcy-tbmSp ]d-™p. Ip-ń s]Æm-

bn-cn°pw. ImcWw Ct∏mƒ ab-°m-h-ÿ-bn¬, hoń¬ Hcp-]m-

Sm-fp-Iƒ Hcpan®p-IqSn, "kpµ-cn-bmb _o_n h∂n-cn-°p∂p' F∂v

]d™v BÀm-Zn-°p-∂Xv Rm≥ I≠p.

90Fs‚ DΩ

Aa-Øp¬l-øpsS P\\-Øn¬ DΩmbv°v hfsc kt¥m-

j-ap-≠m-bn. ImcWw F\n°v Ip´n-Iƒ D≠m-I-W-sa∂v Ah¿

Hcp-]mSv BK-ln-®n-cp-∂p. AXn-\p-th≠n ]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXn-cp-∂p. Aa-Øp¬l-øpsS P\-\-Øn-\p-tijw Ft∂m-Sp-

]-d-™p. ""Ign-™-h¿jw Rm≥ Cß-s\bpw ZpB sNbvXn-cp-

∂p. "A√m-lp-th, Bfp-Iƒ Ft∂mSp ZpB sNøm≥ ]d-bp-

tºmƒ F\n°v \mWw tXm∂p-∂p. ImcWw Cusbmcp ZpB

Rm≥ Zo¿L-Im-e-ambn sNbvXp-h-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. CXp-hsc \ns‚

Imcp-Wy-Øns‚ IhmSw Xpd-∂n-´n-√.' Ct∏mƒ Ah≥ Fs‚

Cu ZpBbpw kzoI-cn-®p. Rm≥ Ahs‚ GtX-sX√mw Imcp-

Wy-Øn-\mWv \µn ImWn-t°-≠Xv?''

DΩ-bpsS Nne kz]v\-ßƒ

Cu kw`-h-ß-fp-ambn _‘-s∏´ DΩ-bpsS Hcp-]mSv kz]v\-

ßfpw Z¿i-\-ßfpw Rm≥ hnh-cn-®p-I-gn-™p. C\n a‰p-Nne

kz]v\-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw ]d-bp-∂-Xm-Wv. CXv DZm-l-c-W-sa-∂-\n-

e-bn¬ amX-ap-≈-Xm-Wv. ImcWw Cu ]c-ºc Ah-cpsS sNdp-

∏-Imew XpSßn Ah-km-\-\n-an-jw-hsc XpS¿∂p-t]m-∂n-cp-∂p.

kXy-amb Z¿i-\-ßfpw kz]v\-ßfpw A[n-I-am-bn´v Ah¿

ImWm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Xs‚ kz]v\-Ønepw Z¿i-\-Ønepw ZrV-

hn-izm-k-amWv Ah¿°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. Rß-sf-√m-hcpw an°

Znh-khpw Ah-cpsS kz]v\-ßfpw Z¿i-\-ßfpw kzoI-cn-°-s∏-

´Xv ImWm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-bn¬ ]q¿Æ-ambpw hniz-kn-®n-

cp-∂p. Cu ImgvN Rß-fpsS Cuam≥ _e-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v Imc-

WamIm-dpap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F¥p-sIms≠∂m¬ temIw AØcw

Imcy-ß-fn¬ kwi-bn-®p-\n-ev°p-tºmƒ Rß-fXv \nXyhpw

ImWp∂ ImgvN-bm-bn-cp-∂p. AØcw Bflo-b-amb Imcy-ß-

fn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cp∂p Rßƒ. Nne L´-ß-fn¬ DΩ-

mbv°v C¬lmapw D≠m-bn-´p-≠v. ]t£, Atß-b-‰sØ hn\-

bw-sIm≠v AXn\v Ah¿ C¬lmw F∂p ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.

C\n Fs¥-¶nepw ]tXy-IX Dƒs°m-≈p∂ Ah-cpsS Nne

kz]v\-ß-sf-°p-dn®v ]d-bmw.

91Fs‚ DΩ

""knb¬t°m´v Omhv\n-bnse henb InkvXy≥]-≈n-bpsS

Xmgn-I-°p-S-Øn¬\n∂v Hcp henb I√v Cf-In-ho-gp-∂Xpw AhnsS

hnS-hp-≠m-Ip-∂Xpw 1910-˛¬ DΩ kz]v\w I≠p. kz]v\-Øn¬

Ah¿ Fs‚ A∏-®n-bpsS aI-ƒ ico-^m-_o-_n-tbmSp ]d™p:

"t\m°q! B hnShv FX-amXw A`w-Kn-bm-Wv.' ico-^m-_o_n

CXp-tI-´-t∏mƒ ]d™p: "AΩmbn t\m°v! B sImØp-]-Wn-

°m-c≥ AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ Hcp I√v sImØn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-

bm-Wv. B hoWp-t]mb I√ns‚ ÿm\Øv AXn-t∏mƒ ]Xn-

∏n-°pw.' Ipd®p Znhkw Ign-™-t∏mƒ AtUz¿Uv cmPmhv Ggm-

a≥ acn-®p. tPm¿÷v cmPmhv A©m-a≥ X¬ÿm-\Øv Ah-

tcm-[n-X-\m-bn.

1936-˛s‚ Ah-km-\-Øn¬ AtUz¿Uv cmPmhv F´m-as‚

hnhm-lsØ kw_-‘n®p≈ N¿®Iƒ ]X-ß-fn¬ hcm≥Xp-

S-ßn. Rms\mcp Znhkw DΩ-tbmSp ]d™p: "\nßƒ cmPm-hn-

\p-th≠n ]m¿∞n°p-I. At±lw Cß-s\-sbm-s°-bp≈ _p≤n-

ap-ń¬ AI-s∏-ń-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.' DΩ ]d™p: "Ipd®p Znh-k-am-

bn´v Rm≥ kz]v\-Øn¬ tImemleßfpw Akz-ÿ-`cn-X-amb

ImgvNIfpw I≠p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. CXv cmPm-hns\ kw_-

‘n®p≈ kqN-\-bm-Im≥ km[y-X-bp-≠v. Rm≥ ZpB sNømw.'

]n∂oSv c≠p-aq∂ph´w Rm≥ tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ ]d™p: "_lfw

IqSpI-bm-Wv. Ipd-bp-∂n-√. CXns‚ êw \√-Xm-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-

√ F∂Xn¬ Rm≥ `b-s∏-Sp-∂p.' Aßs\ Ipd®p Znh-k-Øn-

\p-tijw AtUz¿Uv cmPmhv F´m-a≥ ÿm\-`-jvT-\m-°-s∏-´p.

Ak-Zp-√m-lvJm\v sNdp-]mbambn-cp-∂p. Ah-\n¬\n∂v

t…‰v If-hp-t]m-Ip-Itbm s]mń-t∏m-Ip-Itbm sNbvXp. At∏mƒ

"Hmtcm Znhkw Ign-bp-tºmgpw ]pXnb t…‰v hmßp-∂p, AXv

s]mń-°p-I-tbm, If-bp-Itbm sNøp-∂p' Fs∂ms° ]d™v

DΩ Ah-t\mSv tZzj-s∏-´p. DΩ tZzj-s∏-´-t∏mƒ Ah≥ t]Sn-

®p. B cmXn DΩ sh≈-hkvXw [cn® tXP-kzn-bmb Hcp

alm-flm-hns\ kz]v\-Øn¬ I≠p. At±lw ]d™p: "\nßƒ

\me-W-bpsS Hcp km[\w \„-s∏´ Imc-W-Øm¬ \ΩpsS

92Fs‚ DΩ

Zmk-\p-ta¬ CX-tØmfw tZzjw- ]-I-Sn-∏n-®p. "Rm≥ Xcp∂

Cu \meW FSp-Øp-sIm-≈p-I' F∂p ]d™v At±lw Xnf-

ßp∂ Hcp \me-W-Xp´v DΩmbv°v \evIn.

DΩ DW¿∂t∏mƒ ]`m-X-\-a-kvIm-cØn\p≈ kabw

BIp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. sam¥-bn¬ sh≈-sa-SpØv hpkp sNøp-∂-

Xn-\mbn apI-fn-esØ \ne-bn-te°v t]mbn. \√ \nem-sh-fn®w

D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. apI-fn¬ BIm-i-Øn\p Iosg FØnbt∏mƒ

Ft¥m Xnf-ßp∂ Hcp hkvXp thK-Øn¬ BIm-i-Øn¬\n∂v

hogp-∂-Xmbn I≠p. B hkvXp Ah-cpsS sam¥-bn¬ h∂p-ap-

´n. AXv sh≈n-bp-tS--tbm AXpt]mep≈ at‰tXm teml-Øn-

t‚tbm BsW∂v tXm∂n-°pw-hn-[-ap-≈-Xm-bn-cp∂p AXns‚

i–w. sam¥-bn¬ ap´n AXv \ne-Øp-ho-Wp. DΩ AsX-

SpØpt\m°n-b-t∏mƒ Xnf-ßp∂ Hcp \meW Xp´m-bn-cp-∂p.

DΩ AXv A\p-K-l-kq-N-I-amb hkvXp F∂ \ne-bn¬ t]m°-

‰n-en- p. Ipd-®p-Zn-hkw AXv thsd-Xs∂ kq£n-®p-hbv°pIbpw

sNbvXp. ]n∂o-SXv If-™p-t]m-bn. a‰p \mW-b-tØm-sSm∏w

IqSn-°-e-cp-I-tbm, sNe-h-gn-°-s∏-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn-´p-≠m-Ipw.

D∏ms‚ h^m-Øn-\p-tijw c≠p-aq∂p ]mhiyw DΩ At±-

lsØ kz]v\w I≠n-cp-∂p. ImWp-tºm-sgm-s°, D∏ acn-°p-∂-

Xn\v c≠p-aq∂p Znhkw aptº I≠ kz]v\w-t]mse B bph-

Xnbpw D∏ tPmen sNøp∂ B apdn-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿

Ct∏mgpw At±-l-Øns‚ tkh-\-Øn¬ apgp-In-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

c≠m-aXpw aq∂m-aXpw CtX ImgvN DΩ I≠-t∏mƒ Cu kvXo

Ft∏mgpw At±-l-tØm-sSm∏w F¥n-\n-cn-°p∂p Ft∂m¿Øv

Ah-cpsS a\- n¬ Ipd®p h√mbva A\p-`-h-s∏-´p. ]t£, DΩ

kz]v\-Øntem AXn-\p-ti-jtam A°mcyw BtcmSpw ]I-Sn-

∏n-®n-cp-∂n-√. Ipd-®p-Zn-hkw Ign™v Fs‚ Hcp Ffma h∂p.

kwkm-c-Øn-\nsS Nncn-®p-sIm-≠v, "ktlm-Z-c-\n¬\n-∂p≈ Hcp

ktµiw \nßƒ°p Xtc-≠-Xp≠v' F∂v ]d-™p. F¥mWv

ktµiw F∂v DΩ Xnc-°n. Ffma ]d™p: ""Rm≥ "`mbn-

Pms\' Ipd-®p-Zn-hkw aptº kz]v\-Øn¬ I≠n-cp-∂p. Hcp

93Fs‚ DΩ

bphXn At±-l-Øn-∂-SpØv \n∂v hoip-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ipd®p

Imcy-ßƒ kwkm-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]n∂oSv At±lw

Ft∂mSp ]d™p: "k^vdp-√m-lvJms‚ DΩ A\m-h-iy-ambn

hnj-an-°p-I-bm-Wv. Cu kvXo Fs‚ tkh-\-Øn-\mbn \n›-

bn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-I-bm-sW∂pw A√msX F\n°v Ah-cp-ambn

Hcp _‘-hp-an-s√∂pw Ah-tfmSp ]d-bWw.'' At∏mƒ DΩ

kz]v\-Øn¬ X\n°\p-`-h-s∏´ Imcyw Ffm-a-tbmSp ]d-™p.

D∏ acn-®-Xn-\p-tijw Iptd-°mew Ign™v Hcp kz]v\-Øn¬

DΩ, D∏sb I≠p. F¥m-Wn-ßs\ hnj-an-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v

D∏ tNmZn-®p. DΩ H∂pw an≠n-bn-√. ASp-Øp-\n∂ Rß-fpsS

]nXr-k-tlm-Z-cn-`¿Ømhv Nu±co Y\m-hp-√mlv Jm≥ kmln-

_mWv AXn\p adp-]Sn \evIn-b-Xv. "Aß-bpsS th¿]m-Sn-ep≈

ZpxJ-am-Wv. Aßbv°v Ch-cpsS hnj-a-sØ-°p-dn®v Nn¥-bp-s≠-

¶n¬, F¥p-sIm≠v IqsS sIm≠p-t]m-Ip∂n√?' At∏mƒ

D∏bpw Ipd®p hnj-an-®p. At±lw ]d™p: ""kXyw ]d-™m¬

Ct∏mƒ Ah-cpsS hoSv Xøm-dm-bn-ń-√. Xøm-dm-bn-°-gn-™m¬

Rm≥ Xs∂ Ahsf Iqń-s°m-≠p-t]m-Ipw.''

1936 P\p-h-cn-bnse kw`-h-am-Wv. Hcn-°¬ DΩ h√msX

hnj-an-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv Rm≥ I≠p. ImcWw tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ

]d™p: ""Ak-Zp-√mlv Jm≥ h[n-°-s∏-´p-sh∂v Btcm ]d-bp-

∂Xv Rm≥ kz]v\w I≠p. Xs‚ aqØ-k-tlm-Z-c≥ Xs‚ a°sf

t\m°-W-sa∂v Ah≥ hkn-øØv sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.'' "kz]v\w

hymJym-\m¿l-am-Wv. sISpXnIƒ AI-em≥ kzZJ sImSp-Øm¬

aXn. ZpB sNtø-≠XmWv' Fs∂ms° ]d™v Rm≥ DΩsb

kam-[m-\n-∏n-°m≥ ian-®p. At∏mƒ DΩ ]d™p: "kzZJ

sImSp-°m-\p≈ G¿∏mSv Rm≥ cmhn-se-Xs∂ sNbvXn-´p-≠v.

ZpBbpw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. sNbvXp-sIm≠ncn°p-Ibpw

sNøpw. A√mlp IcpW sNmcn-b-s´.'

c≠p-aq∂p Znhkw Ign-™-t∏mƒ Rßsf ImWm≥ Ak-

Zp-√m-lvJm≥ U¬ln-bn¬ h∂p. hgn-bn¬ cmXn-t\-cØv sSbn-

\n¬sh®v GtXm Hcmƒ \of-ap≈ ITm-c-sIm≠v Xs‚ s\©p-

94Fs‚ DΩ

≠mbn-cp∂ ÿeØv IpØn-sb∂v ]d-™p. BI--aWw

\SØp∂-Xn-\p-aptº, Ah≥ Xs‚ InS° Xncn-®p-hncn®v Xs‚

Imev B `mKØv sh®n-√m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ A]-ISw kw`-hn-°p-

am-bn-cp-∂p. ITmc hfsc i‡-ambn Bgv∂n-d-ßn-bn-cp-∂p. ]pX∏v

Xpf®v L\w Ipd™ InS-°-bn-eqsS IS∂v Ak-Zp-√m-lvJms‚

Ccp-ap-´p-Iƒ°p-an-S-bn¬ tXmens‚ _¿Øn¬ Bgv∂n-d-ßn-bn-

cp-∂-XmbmWv I≠-Xv.

DΩmbv°v AXn-\p-aptº Cu A]-I-S-sØ-°p-dn®v Adn-bn-

®p-sIm≠v kzZJ sImSp-°m\pw ZpB sNøm-\p-ap≈ Ah-kcw

A√mlp sImSpØp F∂-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√. ]n∂oSv AXns‚

ê-ambn Xs‚ A\p-K-lhpw Icp-W-bpw-sIm≠v B B]Øv

AI-‰p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

Rß-fpsS Ipń-°m-eØv Ft∏m-sgms° tπKv ]S¿∂n-

´pt≠m At∏m-sgms° AXn-\p-aptº Z¿i-\-Øn-eqsS AXn-

s\-°p-dn®v DΩmbv°v hnhcw sImSp-Øn-cp∂p F∂Xv F\n°v

\√-hÆw Hm¿Ω-bp-≠v. Ah¿ DSs\ ZpB sNøp-Ibpw sNøpw.

AXn\v ia\w D≠m-Ip-tºmgpw kz]v\-Øn-eqsS Adn-bn-®n-cp-

∂p. C]-Im-cw- Rß-fpsS _‘p-°-fnepw ho´p-Im-cnepw Fs¥-

¶nepw kt¥m-j-Øn-t‚tbm k¥m-]-Øn-t‚tbm kµ¿`-ap-≠m-

bmepw Imte-°qń A√mlp DΩmsb AX-dn-bn-®n-cp-∂p. Pam-

A-Øns‚ henb henb Imcy-ßsf kw_-‘n®pw F∂√ Nne-

t∏mƒ temI-Øns‚ henb henb kw`-h-ß-sf-°p-dn®vt]mepw

A√mlp Ahsc Adn-bn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.

dn´-tb¿Uv ko\n-b¿ k_vPUvPv _mhm Q≥km-knwKv

kmln_v Ft∂mSp ]d-™p, "Rm≥ 1936-˛¬ th\¬°m-eØv

inwe-bn¬ Xma-kn-®-t∏mƒ Hcp Znhkw \nß-fpsS hoń¬sh®v

\nß-fpsS DΩ ]d™p: Jpkzq-dn¬ tImfd ]S¿∂p F∂-dn-

™-t∏mƒ F\n°v hfsc hnjaw D≠m-bn. Rm≥ Hcp-]mSv

ZpB sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. cmXn-bn¬ kz]v\-Øn¬ Ft∂mSp

]d-b-s∏´p: "Hcm-gvN-bv°p-tijw Jpkzq-dn¬ tImf-d-bpsS A]m-

b-ßƒ \ne-bv°p-∂-Xm-Wv.' _mhm kmln_v ]d-bp∂p: Rßƒ

95Fs‚ DΩ

]Xw t\m°n-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. HcmgvN XnI-™-t∏mƒ Jpkzq-

dn¬ tImf-d-bpsS A\n-„-kw-`-h-ßƒ \ne-®p.

A√m-lp-hn-ep≈ XnI™hn-izmkw

A√mlp k¿∆-i-‡-\m-sW∂pw ]m¿∞\ kzoI-cn-°p-∂-

h-\m-sW∂pw Ah¿°v A\p- -h-⁄m-\-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ImcWw

AXv Ah¿ \nXyhpw I≠n-cp∂ Imcy-am-Wv. tcmK-Øn\v NnIn-

’n-°p-tºmƒ acp∂v ]d-™p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-t\m-sSm∏w ]m¿∞n-

°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. CXv Ah-cpsS Hcp \S-]-Sn-I-a-am-bn-cp-∂p.

Ah¿ acn-°p-∂-Xn\v Aev]-Zn-hkw aptº \S∂ Hcp kw`-

h-am-Wn-Xv. ""Fs‚ Hcp kplr-Øns‚ Imen¬ s]m≈w s]m¥n.

AXp-sIm≠v Akm-[m-c-W-amb hnjaw Ah-\p-≠m-bn. Rm\n-

°mcyw DΩ-tbmSp ]d-™p. Ah¿ acp∂v \n¿t±-in-®p-sIm≠v

AXv sNøm≥ ]d-bp-Ibpw Xm≥ ]m¿∞n-°p-sa∂pw A√mlp

Icp-W- sN-øp-Ibpw Bizmkw \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp-sa∂v Adn-

bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. c≠m-asØ Znhkw DΩ kpJ-an-√msX

I´n-en¬ InS-°p-tºmƒ, sSe-t^m¨ sNbvXv \ns‚ Iq´p-Im-

cs‚ hnhcw Adn-bpI F∂v Ft∂mSp ]d-™p. Rm≥ At\z-

jn-®-t∏mƒ Abmƒ B acp∂v sNbvXn-´n-s√∂pw hnjaw

Ct∏mgpw XpScp∂p-sh∂pw a\- n-em-bn. At∏mƒ DΩ ]d™p:

"" Abm-tfmSv, Rm≥ ]d-™-Xp-t]mse sNøm≥ \n¿_-‘n®p

]d-bp-I. Rm≥ ZpB sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. A√mlp Xo¿®-

bmbpw kpJw \¬Ipw.'' Aßs\ c≠m-asØ Znhkw DΩ ]d-

™-Xp-t]mse acp∂v sNbvXp-sh∂pw Ct∏mƒ Ipd-hp-s≠∂pw

B kmln_v Adn-bn-®p.

DΩ an°-t∏mgpw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp∂p: ""Rm≥ B¿s°-¶nepw

acp∂v ]d-™p-sIm-Sp-°p-tºmƒ Cßs\ ]m¿∞n-°m-dp≠v:

"A√m-lpth Rm≥ \ns‚ A\p-K-lsØ hniz-kn-®p-sIm-≠mWv

Cu ss[cyw ImWn-®n-´p-≈-Xv. C\n \oXs∂ Abm-fp-sS-ta¬

IcpW ImWn-®m-epw. Ah≥ A[n-I-ambn Fs‚ At]£sb

kzoI-cn-°p-∂p.' A√mlp Ah-tcmSv "dp∫ Aiv-AØm AKv_dm'

F∂- co-Xn-bn-emWv s]cp-am-dn-bn-cp-∂-Xv.

96Fs‚ DΩ

DΩmbv°v Xs‚ ac-W-sØ-°p-dn®v kz]v\w

ap∏Xp h¿j-w aptº, DΩbpsS acWw G]n¬ amk-Øn-

em-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂v kz]v\-Øn¬ Ah¿°v Adn-bn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øn-

cp∂p. ]ns∂ Ipd-®p-I-gn-™-t∏mƒ, G]n¬ amk-Ønse Ah-

km-\sØ _p[-\mgvN acWw kw -hn-°p-sa∂v ]d-b-s∏- p. CXv

A√m-lp-hn¬\n-∂p≈ Adn-b-n∏m-sW∂v Ah¿°v ZrV-hn-izm-

k-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. -F-∂m¬, AXn-t\m-sSm∏w kz]v\-ßfpw Z¿i-

\-ßfpw hymJym-\m¿l-am-sW∂pw Adn-™n-cp-∂p. A√mlp

kz—µw hnl-cn-°p-∂-h-\m-Wv. Ahs‚ i‡n-]- mh-Øn\v Hc-

Xn-cp-an-√.

1938 P\p-h-cn-bn¬ Rm≥ e≠-\n-te°v t]mIm-s\m-cp-ßn-b-

t∏mƒ "G]n¬ amk-Øn-\p-≈n¬ Xncn-®p-h-cn-I-bnt√?' F∂v

DΩ tNmZn-®p. "Aßs\ hnNm-cn-°p-∂p, C≥im-A-√mlv' F∂v

Rm≥ adp-]Sn ]d-™p. At∏mƒ Ah¿ Hcp-]mSv kam-[m\w

]I-Sn-∏n-®p. Aßs\ Rm≥ G]n¬ H∂n\v sshIp-t∂cw

U¬ln-bn¬ Xncn-s®-Øn. Cw•-≠n¬\n∂v hcp-∂-Xn\paptº

Rm≥ DΩmbv°v IsØ-gpXn: "C≥im-A-√m-lv, G]n¬ H∂n\v

U¬ln-bn¬ FØp-∂-Xm-Wv. 12 Znhkw AhnsS Xma-kn-®-Xn-

\p-tijw JmZn-bm-\n¬ t]mIpw. DΩ BK-ln-°p-s∂¶n¬

U¬ln-bn¬ hcn-I. C\n bmX-bnse £oWhpw _p≤n-ap-´p-

Ifpw Icp-Xp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ C≥im-A-√mlv G]n¬ 3˛\v JmZn-

bm-\n¬ ImWp-∂-Xm-Wv.''

G]n¬ H∂mw XnøXn sSbn≥ Ht∂-ap-°m¬ aWn-°q¿

sshInbmWv U¬ln-bn-se-Øn-b-Xv. U¬ln-bn¬ FØn-b-bp-

Ss\ Fs∂ ]Xo-£n®v DΩ Imdn-en-cn∏p-s≠∂v Adn-bm≥ Ign-

™p. Rm≥ Imdns‚bSp-°¬ FØn-b-t∏mƒ F\n-°p-th≠n

ZpB sNøpIbpw Fs∂ apØp-Ibpw sNbvXp. F∂n´v tNmZn-

®p. "]¥≠v Znhkw C\nbpw \ns∂ ]Xo-£n-®n-cn-°m≥

F\n°v Ign-bp-sa∂v \o Fß-s\-bmWv hnNm-cn-®Xv?'

DΩm-bpsS AkpJw

Rm≥ U¬ln-bn-em-bn-cp-∂-t∏mgmWv DΩmbv°v c‡-k-

97Fs‚ DΩ

Ω¿±-Øns‚ _p≤n-ap-´p-≠m-bXv. aptºbpw Nne-t∏m-sgms°

Cßs\ D≠m-Im-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. NnIn’n®-t∏mƒ kΩ¿±w Ipd-

™p. _p≤n-ap´v AI-ep-Ibpw sNbvXp. B \mfn¬ DΩ Hcp

kz]v\w I≠p. AXns‚ hymJym\w \√-hÆw a\- n-em-°n-b-

Xp-t]mse AXn¬ Hcp-]mSv k¥p-„-bm-bn. Bh¿Øn-®m-

h¿Øn®v BÀmZ-tØmsS AXv ]d-™p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p:

""lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(A) Hcp Iń-en¬ Ccn-°p-∂Xv

Rm≥ I≠p. kt¥m-j-hm-\m-bn- mWv ImWp-∂-Xv. akolv auDu-

Zv(-A)s\ I≠-t∏mƒ F\n°v AXy[nIw kt¥m-j-ap-≠m-bn.

Rm≥ ]d-™p. "lZvdØv! Aß\p-h-Zn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Rm≥

lpkq-dns‚ Imev Aa¿Ømw.' akolv auDu-Zv(-A) ]p©n-cn-®p-

sIm≠v F\n-°n-cn-°m≥ ÿew In´Ww F∂ Dt±-iy-tØmsS

XnI™ hm’-ey-tØmSpIqSn Xs‚ Im¬ Iń-ens‚ Hcp `mK-

Øm-°n-sh-®p. Rm≥ Iń-en¬ Ccp-∂p. lpkq-dns‚ Im¬

Aa¿Øm≥ XpS-ßn. lpkq¿ At∏mƒ hfsc kt¥m-jn-°p-

∂-Xm-bn- mWv Rm≥ ImWp-∂-Xv. Fs¥-¶nepw ZpB-bv°p-th≠n

At]-£n-®mtem Fs∂\n°ptXm∂n. F¥n-\p-th≠n ZpB

sNøm-\mWv ]d-tb-≠-sX∂v Nn¥n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ

lpkq¿ Xs‚ he-Xp- m-K-Øp-\n∂ Hcm-tfmSv Fs∂ Nq≠n-s°m-

≠v, "Ch-cpsS hoSv hnime-am-bn-´p-≠m-°Ww' F∂p ]d-™p.

]n∂oSv Rm\p-W¿∂p. Cu kz]v\w I≠-Xp-ap-X¬ F\n°v hfsc

kt¥m-j-am-Wv.''

Rm≥ JmZn-bm-\n-se-Øn-b-t∏mƒ DΩ Xs‚ Cu kz]v\w

Jeo-^Øp¬ ako-ln-t\mSp hnh-cn-®p. AXn-t\m-sSm∏w ]d-

™p, ""C\n-bnt∏m F¥v hnime-am-°m-\m-Wv, "Hcp- m-KØv A–p-

-Øm¿ kmln_v A^vKm≥ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p, adp-`m-KØv

thsd-bmtcm' F∂p ]d™v ]cm-Xn-s∏-S-W-sa∂v Rm≥ hnNm-

cn-®p.'' lpkq¿ Nncn-®p-sIm≠v ]d™p: "CXv kz¿§-Ønse hoSn-

s\-°p-dn-®p≈ kqN-\-bm-Wv.'

Cu kwkm-c-sØ-°p-dn®v Ft∂mSp ]d-™-t∏mƒ, "AXv

kz¿§-Ønse hoSn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ kqN-\-bm-sW∂v X\n-°-dn-

98Fs‚ DΩ

bm-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Xm≥ Xs‚ J_vdns‚ ÿe-sØ-°p-dn®v

lZvdØv kmln-_ns\ Nncn-∏n-°m≥ ]d-™-Xm-sW∂pw' DΩ

]d-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn.

B kµ¿`-Øn¬ G]n¬ Ah-km-\w-hsc Rßƒ JmZn-

bm-\n¬ Xma-kn-®p. DΩ-bpsS kz]v\-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-

emWv G]n¬ amk-Øns‚ Ah-km-\sØ ]IpXn `mKw

JmZnbm--\n¬ Xma-kn-°m≥ Rm≥ G¿∏mSv sNbvX-Xv. C°m-

eØv hm¿≤-Iy-k-l-P-amb £oWhpw c‡-k-Ω¿±hpw D≠m-

bn´pw PpapA \a-kvI-cn-°m≥ \S-∂v akvPnZv AJvkm-bn¬

t]mIp-am-bn-cp-∂p. lZvdØv DΩp¬ apA-van-\o-s‚bpw lZvdØv

Jeo-^-Øp¬ ako-ln-t‚bpw k∂n-[n-bnepw lmP-cm-Im-dp-≠m-

bn-cp-∂p. PpapA \a-kvIm-c-k-a-bØv ITn-\-amb NpSp-≠m-Ipw.

AXp-sIm≠v PpapA \a-kvI-cn-°m≥ akvPnZv AJvkm-bn¬

t]mbn-cp-∂p-sh-∂-dn-™-t∏mƒ Ft∂mSp ]d-™n-cp-s∂-¶n¬

hml-\-ta¿∏m-Sm-°m-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v Rm≥ Adn-bn-®p. At∏mƒ

]d™p: "th≠ tamt\! akvPn-Zp-hsc t]mIm≥ F¥p _p≤n-

ap- m-Wp-≈-Xv.'

lZvdØv Jeo- -Øp¬ akolv G]n¬ 25- \v kn‘n-te°v

t]mIp-∂p-sh∂v Adn-™-t∏mƒ DΩbv°v k¶-S-am-bn. c≠p

Znhkw Ign-™-t∏mƒ, lpkq¿ t]mIp-∂Xv G]n¬ 27-˛-\m-

sW-∂-dn-™p. AXo-h-k-t¥m-j-tØmsS Ft∂mSp ]d-™p. "\o

tIt´m, lZvdØv kmln_v 27˛mw Xnø-Xn-bm-WsX ]pd-s∏-Sp-

∂-Xv.' Rm\pw tI´p-sh∂v ]d-™p. ho≠pw Ft∂mSp ]d™p:

"27-˛mw Xnb-Xn-bm-Wv.' F\n-°-dn-bm-sa∂v Rm≥ ]d-™p. Ah-

cpt±in-®Xv G]n¬am-k-Ønse Ah-km-\sØ _p[-\mgvN

c≠mw XnbXntbbmWv. Cu h¿jw -Xs‚ kz]v\w _mly-am-

b-\n-e-bn¬ ]q¿Øn-bm-Ip-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ lZvdØv kmln_v

Xs‚ P\mk \a-kvI-cn-∏n-®nt´ JmZn-bm-\n¬\n∂v ]pd-s∏-SpI-

bp≈q F∂v hnNm-cn-®mWv CXp ]d-™Xv.

27-˛\v cmhnse kp_vln \a-kvIm-c-Øn-\p-tijw Ah-km-

\-ambn _nln-ivXn-a-Jv_-d-bn¬ t]mbn. Xs‚bp-≈n¬ NqSp-

99Fs‚ DΩ

tXm∂p∂-Xmbn Ft∂mSp ]d-™p. F∂m¬, _mly-ambn

thsd Hcp _p≤n-ap´pw DΩm-bv°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. A∂p sshIp-

t∂-c-tam, 28-˛mw XnøXn sshIp-t∂-ctam Xmsg ]d-bp∂ kw`-

h-ßƒ Ft∂mSp ]d™p:

""Rm≥ ]´-W-Øn¬\n∂v Xncn-®p-h-cn-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Zmdp¬

A≥hm-dn¬ Hcp kvXo hgn-tbm-cØv `nØn-bn¬ Nmcn-bn-cn-°p-

∂Xv I≠p. c≠p s]Ïp- n-Ifpw Ah-cpsS ASp-Øp-≠v. BZyw

Rm≥ Ah-cpsS ASp-ØqsS \S-∂p-t]m-∂p. ]t£, Ipd®v NphSv

apt∂m v h∂n- v, B kvXobv°v Ft¥m _p≤n-ap- p-s≠∂v F\n-

°p-tXm-∂n. Aßs\ Rm≥ Xncn-®p-t]m-bn. B kvXobpsS

ASp-Øp-sN∂p. Ah¿ kzbw Xs‚ Hcp Im¬ Xncp-Ωp-∂p-≠m-

bn-cp-∂p. s]Ïp- n-Ifpw Ah-cpsS Im¬ Xncp-Ωn-sIm-Sp-°p-∂p.

kvXobm-sW-¶n¬ thZ-\-sIm≠v ]pf-bp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Rm≥

Ah-cpsS Imen-te°v kq£n-®p-t\m-°n-b-t∏mƒ \of-ap≈

HcmWn Xd-®p-I-b-dn-bn-´p-s≠∂v a\- n-em-bn. Ah-cm-sW¶n¬

thZ-\-sIm≠v KXn-ap´p-I-bm-Wv. Rm≥ X\n-®m-bn-cp-∂p. Bsc-

sb-¶nepw klm-b-Øn-\mbn hnfn-°m-t\m, Ab-°mt\m F‚-

Sp-Ømcpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ah-km\w Rm≥Xs∂ B BWn

hen-®q-cm-sa∂v Xocp-am-\n-®p. ]t£, Rm≥ ssIbw-sIm≠v Imen-

s‚-b-Sp-°-te°v sN√p-tºmƒ Ah¿ ]cn-`-an-°p-Ibpw F\n°v

kln-°m≥ Ign-bn-√, AXn¬ sXmS≠ F∂v ]d-bp-Ibpw

sNbvXp. F¶nepw A√mlp F\n°v ss[cyw X∂p. Rm≥ Hcp

ssIsIm≠v Ah-cpsS Im¬ i‡-ambn ]nSn-®p. at‰-ssI-sIm≠v

BWn-bpsS Xe-bv°¬ ]nSn®v i‡-ambn hen-®p. AXn\v c≠-

c, aq∂n©v \of-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AXpw Xpcpºv ]nSn-®-Xv. B

kvXobpsS Imen¬\n∂v Pe-[m-cbn¬ \ns∂-∂t]mse tNmc-

No-‰n. BZyw thZ-\-sIm≠v Ah¿°v _p≤n-ap-´p≠m-bn. ]t£,

]n∂oSv Ah¿°v Ipd®v kpJw Inń. Rß-fpsS hoSv ChnsS

ASpØm-sW∂pw \nßƒ ss[cy-a-h-ew-_n®v Fs‚ IqsS hcn-

I-sb∂pw hnj-_m-[-tb-ev°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ FÆ NqSm°n ]™n

ap°n \nß-fpsS Imen¬ sIń-Ø-cm-sa∂pw cmXn apgp-h≥

100Fs‚ DΩ

\nßsf t\m°m-sa∂pw Ah-tcmSv Rm≥ ]d-™p. ]t£, Xs‚

hoSv ChnsS ASp-Øm-sW∂pw B s]Ïp-ńIfpsS klm-b-

Øm¬ Xs‚ hoń¬ s]mbvs°m-≈m-sa∂pw B kvXo ]d-

™p.'' DΩ Cu kw`hw Fs∂ tIƒ∏n-®p-I-gn-™-t∏mƒ Rm≥

]d-™p. ""\nßƒ hoń-se-Øn-bn v GsX-¶nepw tPmen-°m-ct\mSv

]d-™n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Abmƒ t]mbn Ahsc Iqń-s°m-≠p-h-cp-

am-bn-cp-∂nt√?'' DΩ ]d-™p, Ah¿ Xs‚ hoń-te°v t]mIm≥

hmin-]n-Sn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

Bbn-Sbv°v DΩ ]d™p: ]e-]m-hiyw Rm≥ ab-°-Øn¬

tI´p, Ft¥m kw`-hn-°m≥ t]mIp-∂p-sh∂v Btcm hnfn-®p-]-

d-bp-∂p. as‰m-cmƒ AXn\v adp-]-Sn-bmbn ]d-bp∂p "C]m-hiyw

kw`-hn-°p-I-Xs∂ sNøpw.'

27-˛t\m 28-˛t\m ]d™p: ""Ggv P\mk _nln-ivXn-a-Jv_-d-

bn¬ ASp-∏n-®-Sp-∏n®v sh®n-cn-°p-∂Xv Rm≥ Z¿i-\-Øn¬ I≠p.''

G]n¬ 30-˛-\m-bn-cp∂p JmZn-bm-\n¬\n∂v Rßƒ ]pd-s∏-

tS-≠-Xv. A∂v DΩ IqSp-X¬ hnjaw ]I-Sn-∏n-®p. Rm≥ UmŒ¿

kmln-_n-s\ hnfn-°m-sa∂v ]d-™p. Aßs\ t^mWn-eqsS

Imcyw ]d-bm≥ ian-®p-sh-¶nepw UmŒ¿°v B ktµiw FØn-

bn-√. As√-¶n¬ Ft¥m Imc-W-Øm¬ At±-l-Øn\v hcm≥

Ign-™n-√. sshIp-t∂cw Rm≥ Xncn-®p-h-∂-t∏mƒ UmŒ¿

kmln_v h∂n-ń-s√∂v Adn-™p. C\n inwe-bn-se-Øn-bn´v

UmŒsd hnfn-°m-sa∂v Rm≥ ]d-™p. DΩ Nncn-®p-sIm≠v ]d-

™p, "AXp-icn'.

sshIp-t∂-csØ h≠n°v Rßƒ JmZn-bm-\n¬\n∂v ]pd-

s∏- p. _´m-e-bn¬h®v Nu±co \kzo¿ AlvaZv kmln_pw At±-

l-Øns‚ _oKw kmln-_bpw Rß-fpsS IqsS-tN¿∂p. At±-

l-Øns‚ _oKw kmln-_mbv°v AXn-s\mcp Znhkw aptº

ITn-\-amb thZ\ D≠m-bXpsIm≠v Ah¿ hfsc £oW-nX-

bm-bn-cp∂p. Ah¿ Iń-en¬ InS-°m≥ DΩ \n¿_-‘n-®p.

Aßs\ kzbw tkm^-bn¬ cmXn Ign-®p-Iq-ń. cmhnse Xm≥

101Fs‚ DΩ

I≠ Hcp kz]v\w Fs∂ tIƒ∏n-®p. ""\ns‚ D∏ h∂n-cn-°p-

∂p. "\n\°v tcmKw IqSp-X-em-Wv, Rm≥ t]mbn UmŒsd sIm≠p-

h-cmw˛ Hmtcm Xh-Wbpw Ccp-]-Xp-cq] okv hmßp∂ UmŒ¿''

F∂p ]d-™p.

tcmK-Øns‚ Kpcp-X-cm-hÿ

inwe-bn-se-Øn-bp-Ss\ UmŒ¿ kmln-_ns\ hnfn-∏n-®p.

c‡-k-Ω¿±-Øns‚ _p≤n-ap-´m-sW∂v At±lw ]d-™p. tcmK-

Øns‚ BZy-L-´-ßsf kw_-‘n®v Adn-bm-Øn-S-tØmfw icn-

bmb NnIn’ \S-Øm≥ km[y-a-√. c‡w XpS-ßn-bh ]cn-

tim-[n-®-Xn¬\n∂v hr°-Ifpw icn°v ]h¿Øn-°p-∂n-s√∂v

a\- n-em-bn. F¥m-bmepw NnIn’ XpS-ßn. ]t£, £oWw

sas√-sas√ h¿≤n-®p-sIm-t≠-t]m-bn.

inwe-bn-seØn BZy-cm-Xn-Xs∂ DΩ kz]v\-Øn¬ I≠p:

"D∏ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. \n\-°p-th≠n Rm≥ ]√°v sIm≠p-h-∂n-

´p≠v. \o C„-s∏-Sp∂ t\cØv \ap°v ]pd-s∏Smw' F∂v At±lw

]d-™p. "Rm≥ Xl-÷p-Zns‚ t\cØv Xøm-dm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw

NqSv IqSp-∂-Xn-\p-aptº e£y-Øn-se-Øm≥ B ka-bØv t]mIp-

∂-XmWv \√-sX∂pw DΩ ]d-™p.' "8 aWn-°p-tijw ]pd-s∏-

Sp-∂Xv \∂m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v D∏ Adn-bn-®p. At∏mƒ Ipń-Iƒ

\mivX Ign-®n- p-≠m-Ipw. Cs√-¶n¬ Ipń-Iƒ°Xv _p≤n-ap- mIpw'

F∂pw ]d-™p. DΩ ]nt‰-Zn-hkw kz]v\-sØ-°p-dn®v ]d-™p-

sIm≠v ]√-°ns‚ `wKn-sb-°p-dn®pw hnh-cn-®p˛ AXv Cßs\

`wKn-bp-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Cu coXn-bn-ep≈ XSn-bm-bn-cp-∂p, Ccp

`mKw sh≈n-bp-tS-Xm-bn-cp∂p Fs∂m-s°.

£oW-ap-≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw A©p-Zn-hkw Aßs\ Ign-

™p. ]t£, Hcp-X-c-Øn-ep≈ hnj-ahpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Xl-

÷pZn\pw a‰p \a-kvIm-c-ßƒ°p-ambn kzbw Fgp-t∂‰v Ipfn-ap-

dn-bn¬ hpkp sNøm≥ t]mIp-am-bn-cp-∂p. apkz-√-bn-emWv \a-

kvI-cn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. A[n-I-k-a-bhpw Iń-en-em-bn-cp∂p Ign-®n-cp-

∂-Xv. \memasØ Znhkw UmŒ¿ kmln_v Iń-en¬\n∂v Cd-

ßp-∂Xv hne-°n-. ]t£, F∂n-´pw, sabv 6˛\v PpapA Znhkw

102Fs‚ DΩ

Akz-vdns‚ t\c-Øv, Rm≥ DΩ-bp-sS-b-Sp-°¬ t]mb-t∏mƒ hcm-

¥-bn¬ apkz-√-bn¬ \a-kvI-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-XmWv I≠-

Xv. \a-kvImcw Ign-™-t∏mƒ, UmŒ¿ kmln_v Iń-en¬\n∂v

Cd-ßp-∂-Xn\v A\p-hmZw X∂n-ń√ F∂p Rm≥ ]d-™p. DΩ

Cu Ah-ÿ-bn-ep-am-Wv. At∏mƒ "\a-kvI-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v _p≤n-

ap-s´m-∂p-an√' F∂v ]d-™p. ]n∂oSv Rm≥ ]d™p: DΩ hcnI!

Rm≥ Iń¬hsc ]nSn®psIm≠p-t]m-Imw. Rm≥ ssI ]nSn®v

Iń¬hsc- sIm-≠p-t]m-bn. DΩ hm’eyw ]I-Sn-∏n-°p∂p F∂

\ne-bn¬ Fs‚ klmbw kzoI-cn-®p. ]t£, B kabwhsc

DΩmsb Bcpw ]nSn-t°≠ Bh-iy-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p.

aKvcn_n-\p-tijw Hmôkv apdn-bn¬ Rm\n-cp∂p tPmen-

sN-bvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ DΩmbv°v Hcp-X-c-w t_m[-£bw

D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂ hnhcw Inń. Rm\p-Ss\ Ah-cpsS apdn-

bn¬ t]mbn. At∏mƒ £oWw-sIm≠v A¿≤-t_m-[-£-b-Øn-

te°v t]mbv-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn tXm∂n. F∂m¬, ]Xp-

s°-∏Xps° Im¬ Aa¿Øn-b-t∏mƒ t_m[w ]q¿Æ-ambpw

hcn-Ibpw kwkm-cn-°m≥ XpS-ßp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

Ft∂mSp ]d™p: "aKvcn-_n\p aptº \o Fs∂ ChnsS

hnt´-®p-t]m-b-t∏mƒ F\n°v ab-°-ap-≠m-bn. GtXm Ccp-´p≈

ÿe-ØmWv Rm\p-≈-sX∂v tXm∂n. AhnsS \n∂v ]pd-Øp-

h-cm-\p≈ hgn Xnc-™p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw I≠n-√. AXn-

\n-Sbv°v shfn-bn-te-°p≈ hgn It≠°mw F∂ ]Xo-£-bn¬

Rmt\m IqSm-cØns‚ D≈n¬s®-∂p. B IqSm-cØnepw Iqcn-

cp-´m-bn-cp-∂p. Xmsg-bm-sW-¶n¬ Nfn-bpw. AXn¬ Rm≥ IpSp-

ßn-t∏m-bn. ]pd-Øp-h-cm≥ ian-°p-∂p-s≠-¶nepw km[n-°p-∂n-

√. At∏mƒ Rm≥ ]d-™p, k^vdp-√m-lvJm≥ CX-dn-™n-cp-

s∂-¶n¬, Ah≥ Fs∂ CXn¬\n∂v ]pd-sØ-Sp-°m-\p≈

G¿∏mSv sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂p.''

sabv Ggmw XnbXn i\n-bmgvN DΩbpsS Ahÿ Xte∂v

sshIp-t∂-c-tØ-°mƒ t`Z-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, £oWw Hcp-]m-

Sp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ Ah¿ ]d™p:

103Fs‚ DΩ

"UmŒ¿ eXzo^v ChnsS D≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ F\n°v s]s´∂v

kpJw e`n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.' Rm\p-Ss\ UmŒ¿ eXzo v kmln_v!

DΩ \nßsf At\z-jn-°p-∂p-sh∂v ]d™v U¬ln-bn-te°v

Iºn-b-Sn-®p. At±lw c≠mw Znhkw cmhnse inwe-bn-se-Øn.

At±-lsØ I≠v DΩ Hcp-]mSv kt¥m-jn-®p. Iń-en¬ Fgp-

t∂-‰n-cp-∂p. UmŒ¿ kmln-_n\v apØw sImSp-Øp. Nncn-®p-sIm-

≠p-]-d™p: "C\n Rm≥ kpJ-s∏- m¬ \o henb UmŒ-dm-sW∂v

Rm≥ a\- n-em-°pw.' A√mlp ^fvev sNøp-sa∂v UmŒ¿

kmln_v ]d-™p. "t\m°q, \nß-fpsS Iºn Inń-bp-Ss\ Rm\n-

hnsS FØn.' DΩ ]d-™p. "Rm≥ Iºn-b-Sn-®n-cp-∂n-√-t√m.

F∂n´v Fs∂ t\m°n.' Rm≥ ]d™p: "C∂se DΩ UmŒsd

Ipdn®v ]d-™n-t√, At∏mƒ Rm≥ Iºn-b-Sn-®-Xm-Wv.'

inwe-bn¬\n∂v U¬ln-bn-te-°p≈ bmX

UmŒ¿ kmln_v ]cn-tim-[n-®-Xn-\p-tijw ]d-™Xv DΩ

inwe-bn¬ Xma-kn-°p-∂Xv hfsc tZmjw sNøpsa∂mbn-cp-

∂p. ChnsS Db¿∂ ÿe-amb Imc-W-Øm¬ lrZ-b-Øn\v

`mcw IqSp-X-em-Wv. Ahsc Rm≥ C∂p-Xs∂ Fs‚ IqsS

U¬ln-bn-te°v sIm≠p-t]m-Ipw. Fs‚ hoń¬Øs∂ ]m¿∏n-

°p-Ibpw sNøpw. Imc-Ww, aq∂p-\mep Znhkw XpS¿®-bmbn

NnIn’ Bh-iy-am-Wv. Rm≥ Ft∏mgpw ASp-Øp-≠m-th-≠Xv

\n¿_-‘-amWv; F¶nte lrZ-b-Øns‚ Ah-ÿbpw c‡-

Øns‚ kΩ¿±hp-a-\p-k-cn®v NnIn-’-bn¬ am‰w hcp-Øm≥

km[n-°p-I-bp-≈q. AXn-t\m-sSm-∏w-X-s∂, "aq∂p-\mev Znh-

ksØ NnIn-’-bv°p-tijw A√m-lp-hns‚ A\pKlw-sIm≠v

F√m _p≤n-ap´pw AI-ep-sa∂v ]d™v DΩsb kam-[m-\n-∏n-

°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.' Aßs\ A∂pXs∂ Z¬ln-bn-te-°p≈

bmXbv°v G¿∏mSv sNbvXp.

Rm≥ Xo¿®-bmbpw DΩ-tbm -sSm∏w U¬ln -bn¬

t]mIpsa∂v Aa-Øp¬l-øpsS DΩ (k^-dp-√m-lvJm≥ kmln-

_ns‚ `mcy) \n¿_‘w ]nSn-®p. Rm≥ XS-bm≥ ian-®p.

"Ip™n\v NqSn¬ _p≤n-ap- m-Ipw, UmŒ¿ eXzo- ns‚ hoSv Fs‚

104Fs‚ DΩ

kz¥w hoSm-Wv, Fs‚ Ip´n-I-sf-t]mse Aao\ Fs∂ t\m°pw,

_io¿ Alva-Zns‚ ho´p-Imcpw U¬ln-bnep≠v. \o F¥n-\mWv

shdpsX Ip™n-t\bpw \nt∂-bpw CX-amXw NqSn¬

hnjaØne-I-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv' Fs∂m-s°-∏-d™v DΩmbpw

Ahsf hne-°n. ]t£, "\nßƒ Chn-sS-\n∂v tcmKm-h-ÿ-

bn¬ t]mIp-Ibpw \nßsf t\m°m\pw th≠Xp sNbvXp-X-

cm\pw th≠n IqsS hcm-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpI F∂Xv Fßs\

km[y-am-Im-\mWv'' F∂v ]d™v AhfpsS Xocp-am\Øn¬

Ahƒ Dd-®p\n∂p.

CXv Rmb-dm-gvN-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ]nt‰-Zn-hkw inwe-bn¬ Rm\p-

≠m-th-≠Xv \n¿_-‘-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠v, Ah-sc-sb-√m-

h-tcbpw Im¬° dbn¬th tÃj≥hsc sIm≠p-t]mbn sSbn-

\n¬ Ib-‰n-hn-Sm\pw ASpØ i\n-bmgvN DΩ-bp-sS-b-Sp-°¬

t]mIm-\p-ap≈ G¿∏mSmWv Rm≥ sNbvX-Xv. Aßs\ Rß-

sf-√m-hcpw sshIp-t∂-cØv Im¬°-bn-se-Øn. Ah-sc-sb-√m-

h-tcbpw kpJ-ambn Xoh-≠n-bn¬ Ib-‰n-hn-´p. sSbn≥ t]mtI-

≠-k-abw cmXn 12 aWn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬, ]Ø-c-a-Wn-tbm-

S-SpØv sdbn¬th-bpsS hni-a-ap-dn-bn¬ t]mbn Dd-ßm≥ Rm≥

DΩ-tbmSp A\p-hmZw tNmZn-®p. ImcWw AXn-cm-hnse inwe-

bn-te°v F\n°v t]mI-W-am-bn-cp-∂p. DΩ InS-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-

∂p. Rm≥ apdn-bpsS D≈n¬sN∂v A\p-hmZw tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ

Fgp-t∂-‰n-cp-∂p. Fs‚ s\‰n-bn¬ apØn-s°m≠v ZpB sNbvXp.

DΩ Fgp-∂-‰p-\n-ev°p-∂-Xp-I-≠-t∏mƒ, "t_t_-Pn, t_t_-Pn,

\nßƒ F¥mWv sNøp-∂-Xv, InS-°p-I. InS-∂p-sIm-≠p-t]mepw

Ct∏mƒ A\-ßm-Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv' F∂p-]-d™v UmŒ¿

kmln_v _lfw sh®p. DΩ hfsc kam-[m-\-tØmsS ]d™p:

"tamt\, hni-an--°m≥ Hcp-]mSp kabw C\n-bp-ap-≠v. k^vdp-√m-

lvJms\ C\n -ho≠pw ImWpI Hcp-]-t£, km[n-°p-I-bn-√.''

sabv 9˛\v cmhnse F´caWn°v Rm≥ Xncn®v inwe-bn-se-

Øn. cmhnse U¬ln-bn-te°v t^m¨ sNbvX-t∏mƒ DΩ-bpsS

BtcmKyw BZy-tØ-°mƒ t`Z-am-sW∂v Adn-bm≥ Ign-™p.

105Fs‚ DΩ

F∂m¬, D®-t\-cØv Hm°m\w D≠m-bn. AXp-sIm≠v lrZ-b-

Øn¬ Ipd®p `mcw IqSn. ]t£, Cu Ahÿ H∂p-c≠p aWn-

°q-dn-\p-tijw AI-∂p.

sabv 10 sNm∆mgvN ho≠pw U¬ln-bn-te°v t^m¨

sNbvXp. BZysØ Znhkw Inńb AtX hnhcw Xs∂-bmWv

At∏mgpw Inń-b-Xv. sabv 11 _p[-\mgvN cmhn-tebpw AtX

adp-]Sn Xs∂-bmWv e`n-®-Xv. sshIp-t∂cw U¬ln-bn¬\n∂v

t^m¨ aptJ-\, D®-bv°p-tijw lrZ-b-Øns‚ Ahÿ tami-

am-sb∂pw F∂m¬, C≥©-Ivj≥ XpS-ßn-b-h-bn-eqsS \nb-

¥-W-hn-t[-b-am-bn-´p-s≠∂pw Ct∏mƒ BZysØ Ah-ÿsb

At]-£n-®v t`Z-ap-s≠∂pw t_m[-tØmsS kwkm-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-

cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw F¶nepw Ahÿ tami-am-b-Xn-\m¬ FXbpw

thKw \nßƒ U¬ln-bn¬ FØn-t®-tc-≠-Xm-sW-∂p-ap≈

hnhcw Inń. F\n°v ASp-Ø-Zn-hkw inwe-bn¬ k¿°m-dns‚

Hcp AXym-h-iy -tPm-en-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AXv hn´p-sIm-≠p-t]m-

Im≥ F\n°v km[n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. AXp-sIm≠v \mftb F\n-

°-nhnsS\n∂v ]pd-s∏-Sm≥ km[n-°p-I-bp-≈q-sh∂v Adn-bn-®p.

C∂p-Xs∂ inwe-bn¬\n∂v ]pd-s∏-Sm≥ _io¿ AlvaZv

\n¿_‘w ]nSn-®p. Rm≥ ]d™p: \o \n¿_-‘n®p ]d-bp-∂-

Xn¬\n∂v F¥mWv kwKXnsb∂v F\n°v a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-

bp-∂p-≠v. ]t£, Rm≥ \n¿_-‘n-X-\m-Wv. \msf D®-Xn-cn™v

]pd-s∏´v C≥im-A-√mlv PpapA Znhkw cmhnse FØn-t®-cp-

∂-Xm-Wv. sshIp-t∂cw t^m¨ sNbvX-t∏mƒ, Ipd®v Bizm-

k-ap-s≠∂v Adn-bm≥ Ign-™p. UmŒ¿ eXzo^v kmln-_n-t\m-

sSm∏w knhn¬ k¿P≥ kmln_pw NnIn-’n-°p-∂p-s≠∂pw

Adn-™p.

sabv 12 hymgmgvN cmhn-tebpw sSe-t^m¨ sNbvX-t∏mƒ

AtX adp-]Sn Xs∂-bmWv Inń-b-Xv. F¶nepw Hcp ap≥I-cp-X-

se-∂-\n-e-bn¬ Rms\s‚ aq∂p ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿°pw, U¬ln-

bn¬ FØn-t®-cm≥ Iºn-b-Sn-®p. ktlm-Z-cn-tbbpw IqsS

sIm≠p-h-cm\pw ]d-™p. A–p-√m-lvJm≥ _p[-\mgvN cmXn-

106Fs‚ DΩ

Xs∂ emtlm-dn¬\n∂v ]pd-s∏-ń-cp-∂p. hymgmgvN cmhnse

U¬ln-bn-se-Øn. _m°n Rß-sf-√m-hcpw PpapA Znhkw

cmhn-se-bmWv U¬ln-bn-se-Øn-b-Xv.

Aa-Øp¬ løpsS DΩ (k- v-dp-√m-Jm≥ kmln-_ns‚ mcy)

Poh≥ hI-sh-bv°msX DΩmbv°p tkh\w sNøp-∂-Xn¬ apgp-

In-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-sW∂v UmŒ¿ eXzo^v ]d-™p. Xs‚ Btcm-

Kytam kuJytam H∂pw t\m°p-∂n-√. Aa-Øp¬ løpsS DΩ

\nd-th-‰nbXpt]m-ep≈ tkh\w Rßƒ Bä-°ƒ°pw acp-

a-°ƒ°pw, aIƒ°pw \nd-th-‰m≥ Ign-™n-ń-s√∂v ]n∂oSv

F\n°v ImWm\pw Ign-™p. A√mlp Ahƒ°v hf-sc-b-[nIw

]Xn-êw \evIp-am-dm-I-s´. Bao≥.

Aa-Øp¬løpsS DΩ-bn¬\n∂pw DΩ-bn¬\n-∂p-X-

s∂bpw, kz¥w aI\pw aIfpwt]mse UmŒ¿ eXzo^v

kmln_pw Aao-\-_o-Khpw DΩmbv°v tkh\w sNbvXn-cp-∂p-

sh∂dn-™p. DΩ-Xs∂ Ft∂mSp ]d™p: ""A√mlp F\n°v

Bbp v X∂m¬ Rm\pw Fs‚ Ign-hn-∂-\p-k-cn®v UmŒ¿

kmln-_n\v tkh\w sNøm≥ ian-°pw. bYm¿∞ ]Xn-êw

F¥m-bmepw A√mlp sImSp-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. A√m-lp-X-Be

Ahs‚ A\p-K-l-Øm¬ At±-l-Øn\pw A[n-I-amb ]Xn-

êw \evIp-am-dm-Is´; At±-l-Øns‚ ktlm-Z-c-ßƒ°pw˛

DΩbv°p tkh\w sNbvX F√m Hmtcm-cp-Ø¿°pw! Bao≥.

U¬ln-bn-se-Øn-b-t∏mƒ DΩ Ft∂mSp ]d™p: sabv

8˛\v sshIp-t∂cw \o Im¬° tÃj-\n¬h®v Ft∂mSv hnS

tNmZn-®p-t]m-b-Xn-\p-tijw Ipd®p Ign-™-t∏mƒ \nt∂m-sSm∏w

\nevt°-≠n-bn-cp∂ Akokv AlvaZpw A–p¿d-loapw πm‰p-

t^m-an¬ Np‰n-°-d-ßp-∂Xp Rm≥ I≠p. Rm≥ Ahsc hnfn-

®p. A√m-lp-hns\ a[y-ÿ-\m-°n-s°m-≠v, ""Ct∏mƒØs∂

\nßƒ hni-a-ap-dn-bn¬ t]mIm\pw Fs‚ aI≥ Dd-ßp∂ apdn-

bpsS ap∂n¬ cmXn Ig-n-®p-Iq´m\pw ]d-™p.'' Ch¿ c≠p-t]cpw

hmXn-en-∂-SpØv hcm-¥-bn¬ Dd-ßn-bn-cp-∂-Xmbn F\n-°-dn-bm≥

Ign-™p-sh∂v Rm≥ DΩmsb Adn-bn-®p. ]Øp-a-Wn-tbm-S-SpØv

107Fs‚ DΩ

DΩ Ft∂mSp ]d™p: ""C\n ho≠pw''. Ft¥m At\z-jn-

°pIbm-sW∂v IcpXn s]s´∂v Rm≥ ]d™p: ""C\n ho≠pw

A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-Klw thWw. an\n-bm-∂sØ At]-£n®v

DΩ-bpsS ÿnXn hfsc \√-Xm-sW∂v UmŒ¿ kmln_v ]d-

bp∂p. C≥im-A-√m-lv. DΩmbv°v s]s´∂v kpJ-am-Ipw.'' DΩ

]d™p: "C\n ho≠pw Fs∂ JmZn-bm-\n¬ sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-I.'

AhnsS ]q¿Æ-amb NnIn’ \S-Øm≥ kuI-cy-ap-≠m-Ip-I-bn-

s√∂v Rm≥ Adn-bn-®p. DΩ hfsc hnj-a-tØmsS ]p©n-cn-®p-

sIm≠p ]d™p: "AXv icn-bm-Wv.'

B Znhkw D®bv°v DΩmbv°v O¿Zn-sem∂pw D≠m-bn-√.

AsXmcp hnjaw ]nSn® ka-b-am-Wv. B kabw \√-\n-e-bn¬

Ign-™p-t]m-bn. AXn¬\n∂v A√mlp DΩmbv°v BtcmKyw

\evIp-sa-∂p≈ Hcp ]Xo£ D≠m-Im≥ XpS-ßn. ipIvdp-√mlv

Jmt‚bpw Ak-Zp-√m-lvJm-t‚bpw `mcy-amcpw ktlm-Z-cnbpw

i\n-bmgvN sshIp-t∂cw Xncn-®p-t]m-Im\pw Rm≥ Rmb-dmgvN

sshIp-t∂cw inwe-bn-te°v t]mIm\pw Fs‚ aq∂p ktlm-Z-

c-∑mcpw Rmb-dmgvN sshIp-t∂cw aS-ßn-t∏m-Im\pw πm\n-´p.

ImcWw B ka-b-Øn-\p-≈n¬ DΩ-bpsS Btcm-Ky-\ne sa®-

s∏Spw F∂v ]Xo-£n-®n-cp-∂p.

sabv 14 i\n-bmgvN D®-hsc DΩ-bpsS Ahÿ AtX-\n-e-

bn¬ XpS¿∂p-t]m-∂p. ]tXy-In®v hnti-j-sam∂pw D≠m-bn-

√. D®bv°v F√m-hcpw _io¿ Alva-Zns‚ ho´n¬ `£Ww

Ign-°m≥ t]mbn. Rm\pw Aa-Øp¬l-øpsS DΩbpw (k-^-dp-

√m-lvJm≥ kmln-_ns‚ `mcy) amXta DΩ-bpsS ASp-Øp-

≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. `£Ww Ign™v c≠p-a-Wn-tbm-S-SpØv Rm≥

hpkp sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ, DΩ hnfn-°p-∂p-sh∂v

Btcm Ft∂mSp ]d-™p. Rm≥ DΩ-bpsS apdn-bn¬ sN∂-

t∏mƒ DΩ Xs‚ \mUn-]n-Sn®v t\m°p-∂-XmWv I≠-Xv. Fs∂

I≠p-sIm≠v ]d™p: ""hcq tams\! C\n Ah-km-\-Im-cy-ßƒ

]d-bmw. \ns‚ ktlm-Z-c-∑m-tcbpw ktlm-Z-cn-tbbpw hnfn-°p-I.''

UmŒ¿ B ka-bØv C≥©-Ivj≥ sImSp-°m≥ Xøm-sd-Sp-

108Fs‚ DΩ

°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Cw•o-jn¬ At±lw Ft∂mSp ]d™p: ""lrZ-

b-Øns‚ Ahÿ tami-am-bn-´p-≠v. \mUnanSn∏v Ipd™n-cn-°p-

∂p.'' ]t£, Rms\m∂pw DΩ-tbmSp ]d-™n-√. DΩ kzbw

\mUn-an-Sn-∏n¬\n∂v Imcyw Xncn-®-dn-™n-cp-∂p. AXn-\p-tijw

UmŒ¿ C≥©-Ivj≥ sImSp-Øp. knhn¬k¿P≥ kmln-_n-

t\bpw sSe-t^m¨ sNbvXv hnfn-∏n-®p. C≥©-Ivj≥ sNbvXv

Aev]w Ign™v UmŒ¿ kmln_v \mUn-an-Sn∏v t\m°n-bn´v

"t_t_-Pn, Ct∏mƒ \mUn-an-Sn∏v icn-bmb \ne-bn¬ \S-°p-

∂p-s≠∂v' ]d-™p. At∏mƒ DΩ \mUn t\m°n-bn´v ]d™p:

"icn-bm-b-\n-e-bn¬ \S-°p-∂n-√, Xncn-®p-h-∂n-´p≠v. ]t£,

Ct∏mgpw _e-lo-\-bm-Wv.' CX-bp-am-b-t∏mƒ `£Ww Ign-

°m≥t]mb _‘p-°-sf√mw Xncn-s®-Øn-Xp-S-ßn. hnhcw Adn-

™v Nu±co _io¿ AlvaZv kmln_pw tibvJv CAv-Pmkv

AlvaZv kmln_pw Ipd®pI-gn-™-t∏mƒ It®-cn-bn¬\n∂v

h∂p.

DΩ ]d™p: ""Cu kabw F√m-h-cnepw hcp-∂-Xm-Wv. amXm-

]n-Xm-°-fn¬\n∂v th¿s]-tS-≠n-h-cp-tºmƒ Ip´n-Iƒ°v hnjaap

≠m-Ipw. ]t£, Rm≥ A√m-lp-hns‚ Xr]vXn-bn¬ kwXr-]vX-

bm-Wv. kt¥m-j-tØmsS Ahs‚ k∂n-[n-bn-te°v t]mIp-∂p.

Rm≥ \nß-fn¬\ns∂√mw hnS ]d-bm-\m-K-ln-°p-∂p. ]t£,

\nßƒ Hcp-X-c-Øn-ep≈ _l-fhpw D≠m-°-cp-sX-∂mWv Fs‚

BK-lw; Ct∏m-gpw, Rm≥ acn-®-Xn-\p-ti-j-hpw.'' ]n∂oSv ktlm-

Z-cn-bpsS ImXn¬ Ft¥m ]d-™p. Ahƒ DΩ-bpsS sNhn-

bnepw Ft¥m ]d-™p. tijw B¨a°sf Hmtcm-cp-Ø-tcbpw

apØp-Ibpw ZpB sNøp-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]-n∂oSv acpa-°tfmSpw

A]-Im-cw-Xs∂. _io¿-A-lva-Zn-t\mSpw CAv-Pmkv Alva-Zn-

t\mSpw UmŒ¿km-ln-_n-t\mSpw Aao-\-_o-K-tØmSpw Alva-Z-

_o-K-an-t\mSpw Kpemw \_n-tbmSpw Akokv Alva-Zn-t\mSpw

Nu±co ^fv¬ZmZv kmln-_n-t\mSpw hnS tNmZn-®p. tijw Aa-

Øp¬lsø hnfn-®p. Ahsf apØn. ]n∂oSv A–p¬I-co-ans\

hnfn-®p. Ah-\p-th-≠n- ZpB sNbvXp. Npcp-°-Øn¬, Bscm-

109Fs‚ DΩ

s°-bmtWm AhnsSbp≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv F√m-h-tcmSpw hnS

hmßn. Kpemw\_n At∏mƒ hnj-aw-sIm≠v hnßn-s∏m-´p-I-

bm-bn-cp-∂p. Ahs\ kam-[m-\-s∏-Sp-Øn. Ft∂mSp ]d-™p.

""t\m°q tamt\, Ah-\n¬\n∂v Fs¥-¶nepw sX‰p-≠m-bm¬

Cu kabw Hm¿°p-Ibpw Ah\v am∏v sImSp-°p-Ibpw thWw.''

]n∂oSv ipIvdp-√m-lvJm≥ kmln-_ns‚ `mcy-tbmSv "Fs‚

sNdn-b-s]ń sIm≠p-h-∂n-´pt≠m' F∂v DΩ tNmZn-®p. GXp

sNdnb s]ń? F∂v Ahƒ A¤p-X-tØmsS tNmZn-®p. Fs‚

I^s‚ XpWn sh®n-cn-°p∂ sNdnb s]ń' DΩ adp-]Sn ]d-

™p. At∏mƒ kbv\_v _o_n ]d™p: ""Iºn Inń-bp-Ss\

Rßƒ U¬ln-bn-te°v hcm-\p≈ Hcp°w XpS-ßn. QSp-Xn-

bn¬ as‰m∂pw Nn¥n-®n-√. B sNdnb s]ń UkvI-bn-ep-s≠∂pw

Adn-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p.'' Xm≥ Iºn-sbm∂pw ASn-®n-√t√m F∂v

DΩ ]d-™p. Rm≥ ]d™p: "Iºn sImSp-ØXv Rm\m-Wv.'

Rm≥ U¬ln-bn¬ FØp-∂-Xn-\p-aptº Aa-Øp¬l-øpsS

DΩ-tbm-Sv, Xs∂ JmZn-bm-\n¬ sIm≠p-t]m-bm¬ "_bvØp-

^v¿'s‚ XmgsØ \ne-bn¬ hbv°-W-sa∂pw, apI-fn-esØ

Xs‚ apdn-bn¬ sIm≠p-t]m-I-cp-sX∂pw C∂ ÿeØv Ipfn-

∏n-°-Wsa∂pw DΩ ]d-™p-I-gn-™n-cp-∂p. Ct∏mƒ Ft∂mSpw

AXmh¿Øn-®p. At∏mƒ Aa-Øp¬l-øpsS DΩ ]d™p: ""Ipfn-

∏n-°m≥ th≠n ]d™ ÿew aXn-bm-b-X-√. Ahn-sS-bm-sW-

¶n¬ ]q¿Æ-amb ad-bp-a-√.'' Nncn-®p-sIm≠v ]Xn-h-Nn®p: ""hfsc

hnim-e-am-Wv. ad-hp-ap≠v. \o \√-hÆw AXv t\m°n-bn-ń√.''

CXbp-am-b-t∏mƒ knhn¬ k¿P≥ kmln_pw h∂p.

At±lw UmŒ¿ eXzo^v kmln-_p-ambn Btem-Nn®v a‰v Nne

C©-Ivj≥ sImSp-°m≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p. Rm≥ UmŒ¿ kmln-

_ns\ am‰n-\n-dpØn tNmZn®p: ""NnIn-’-bv°p-th≠n DΩ

U¬ln-bn¬ Xma-kn-°p-∂Xv \n¿_-‘-am-sW-¶n¬ ]d-™n-´p-

Im-cy-an-√. ]t£, NnIn-’-bpsS Ah-km-\-L-´hpw Ah-km-\n-

®n-´p-s≠-¶n¬ \nßƒ Ft∂mSp ]d-bp-I, F\n°v DΩ-bpsS

110Fs‚ DΩ

BK-l-]-Imcw JmZn-bm-\n¬ sIm≠p-t]m-Im-a-t√m.'' At±lw

]d™p: ""CXp-hsc Hcp C©-Ivj≥ sIm≠pw lrZ-b-Øns‚

]h¿Ø-\-Øn\v am‰-sam∂pw D≠m-bn-ń-√. F¶nepw H∂p-c≠p

a‰p C©-Ivj≥IqSn sImSp-°m≥ Rm≥ BK-ln-°p-∂p-≠v.

AXns‚ êw ap°m¬a-Wn-°q-dn-\p-≈n¬ Adn-bm≥ Ign-bpw.

F¥mWv ÿnXn-sb∂v At∏mƒ Rßƒ°v ]d-bm≥ Ign-bpw.''

Cu kabw Ign-™-t∏mƒ A©p-a-Wn-tbm-S-SpØv UmŒ¿

km-ln_v ]d™p: ""Hcp C©-Ivj\pw \Ωƒ ]Xo-£n-°p∂

ê-ap-≠m-°p-∂n-√. Ct∏mƒ NnIn-’-bpsS F√m L´-ßfpw

Ah-km-\n-®p-I-g-n™p. lrZ-b-Øns‚ ÿnXn ImWptºmƒ

tXm∂p-∂Xv Ac-a-Wn-°q¿ As√-¶n¬ ap°m¬a-Wn-°q-dn¬ IqSp-

X¬ ]h¿Øn-°p-I-bn-s√-∂m-Wv.''

U¬ln-bn¬\n∂v JmZn-bm-\n-te-°p≈ bmX

CXp-tI-´-t∏mƒ DΩ-bp-sS-b-Sp-°¬s®∂v Rm≥ DΩsb

JmZn-bm-\n-¬ sIm≠pt]m-Im≥ t]mIp-I-bm-sW-∂v ]d-™p.

AXp-tI-´-t∏mƒ hf-sc-b-[nIw kt¥m-jn-°p-Ibpw F\n-°p-

th≠n ]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Rm≥ DS-s\-Xs∂ Hcp°w

XpS-ßn. sshIp-t∂-csØ h≠n°v JmZn-bm-\n-te°v ]pd-s∏- p.

sshZy-im-kvX-]-Imcw CX-b[nIw kabw In´pI F∂Xv

A¤p-X-I-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, A√mlp DΩ-bpsS Cu BK-

lhpw ]q¿Øn-bm-°n-s°m-Sp-Øp. sas√ sas√ £oWw h¿≤n-

®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. CSbv°v Ipd®v Akz-ÿ-Xbpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

]t£, cmXn apgp-h≥ \√ t_m[-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

DΩm-bpsS Ah-km-\sØ kwkmcw

]Xn-s\m∂v aWn-tbm-S-SpØv A–p-√m-lvJm≥ Fs‚ ASp-

Øn-cn-°p-∂Xv I≠v ]d™p: ""s]mbvt°m tams\, t]mbn Dd-

ßn-s°m≈pI.'' Xs‚ kz¥w C„-Øm¬ kzbw B ]nb-¶-c-

amb \mhn¬\n∂v ]pd-Øp-h∂ Ah-km\ hmIy-am-bn-cp∂p AXv.

UmŒ¿°v H∂pw sNøm≥ ]‰p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. NnIn’ Ah-km-

\n-®n-cp-∂p. Xs‚ Bflmhv AXns‚ k„m-hns‚ apºn¬

111Fs‚ DΩ

ka¿∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v AWn-bns®mcp°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, amXm-

hns‚ aa-Xbv°v B t\cØpw Xs‚ a°-fpsS kpJ-Øn\v wKw

hc-cp-sX∂ Nn¥-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

Ipd-®p-I-gn™v DΩ-bp-sS-b-Sp-°¬ X\n-®m-bn-cp-∂-t∏mƒ

Rm≥ hnfn-®p. adp-]Sn ]d™p: ""\o Pohn-°q aI-t\.'' DΩ

Ft∂mSv H∂pw kwkm-cn-®n-√t√m F∂v Rm≥ ]d-™-t∏mƒ,

Rm≥ a‰p-≈-h-tcmSpw ]tXy-In-s®m∂pw ]d-™n- n√ F∂p ]d-

™p. ""a‰p-≈-h¿ a°ƒ amX-am-bn-cp-∂p. F\n°pw DΩm-bv°p-

an-S-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv Bgv∂n-d-ßnb kvt\l-Øns‚ _‘-am-

bn-cp∂p'' F∂v Rm≥ ]d-™-t∏mƒ "AtX' F∂m-bn-cp∂p

adp-]-Sn. B cmXn Hcp A¤p-X-I-c-amb Ahÿ Rß-fpsS

apºn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. sshZy-im-kvX-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬

Bflmhpw ico-chpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘w hnt—-Zn-°-s∏´p Ign-

™n-´p≠mbncn-°Ww. ]t£, Bflmhv Xs‚ k„m-hns‚

ap∂n¬ kpPq-Zn¬ hoWp-In-S∂v At]-£n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-

Wv. A√m-lp-th, Cu A_ebpw, H∂p-a-√m-Ø-h-fp-amb Zmkn,

\ns‚ B ]nb-s∏´ Zmks‚ Xma-kw-sIm-≠v, \ns‚ ]Im-i-

ß-fp-tSbpw Imcp-Wy-Øn-t‚bpw ]X-\-ÿ-e-am-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-

°p∂ B ]cn-ip-≤-a-Æn¬ FØp-∂-Xp-hsc Cu _‘w˛ ico-

chpw Bflmhpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘w \ne-\n-ev°m≥ Iev]n°pI

F∂Xv \ns‚ Imcp-Wy-Øn¬\n∂v AI-∂-X-√. Xoh≠n AXn-

thKw apt∂m- p-Ip-Xn-®p-sIm≠v Rßsf Hmtcm \nan-jhpw JmZn-

bm-t\m-S-Sp-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂t∏mƒ Rßƒ I≠ ImgvN CXm-

bn-cp∂p.

Pohn-Xm-¥yw-hsc AI-°m-ºn¬ kq£n-°p-sa∂v t]b-kn-tbmSv F≥ hmKvZm-\-ap≠v

Ah-fpsS CS-h-gn-tbm-Sp≈ A`n-emjw F≥]m-W-t\-°mƒ IqSp-X¬ ASp-∏n-®p-sh-°p-sa∂v

JmZn-bm-\n¬ BKaw

sabv 15 Rmb-dmgvN D®bv°p aptº Hº-Xc-a-Wn°v Rßƒ

JmZn-bm-\n-se-Øn. JmZn-bm-\n¬ FØn-sb∂v Rm≥ DΩsb

Adn-bn-®-t∏mƒ ]d-™p. "_nkvan-√m-lv, _nkvan-√mlv' DΩ-bpsS

ho´n-te°v sIm≠p-t]m-Is´ F∂v Rm≥ tNmZn-®p. ]d-™p,

""Dw, Fs‚ ho´n-te°v sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-I.'' "_bvØp- -^vdn¬'

112Fs‚ DΩ

F-Øn. DΩ-bpsS Iń¬ XmgsØ \ne-bnse hápdn-bn¬ sh®p.

"DΩm hoSv Xncn®dnt™m' F∂v Rm≥ tNmZn-®p. ""Dw.'' Ah-

scm∂p aqfn. DΩ-bpsS XmgsØ \ne-bnse h´-ap-dn-bn-em-Wv

DΩ Ct∏mgp-≈-sX∂v Rm≥ Adn-bn-®p. At∏mƒ Zr„n Db¿Øn

apdn-bpsS `nØn-Isf t\m°ns°m≠v ]d™p: "Rm≥ Xncn-

®dn™n-cn-°p-∂p.' A√m-lp-hns‚ ako-lns‚ cmP-[m-\n-hsc

FØn-t®-cm≥ Ah[n Inń-b-t∏mƒ Bflm-hn\v kwXr-]vXn-bm-

bn. as‰mcp BK-lhpw _m°n-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p.

h^mØv

sshIp-t∂-cØv Ukv°-bn¬\n∂v I^≥XpWn-Ifpw

FØn. 14 h¿jw aptº kwkw sh≈-Øn¬ IgpIn kq£n-®n-

cp∂ AtX XpWn! ]n∂oSv cmXn h∂p. Fß-s\-bp≈ cmXn.

GtXm BflobcmP-Ip-amcn Xs‚ Xma-k-Øn-\mbn Rß-fpsS

hoSns\ Hcp cmXn-bv°v Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-Ibpw AXns\ ]Imiw

sIm≠v \nd-bv°p-Ibpw Hmtcm \nan-jhpw AhnsS ae-°p-Iƒ

Cd-ßn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v tXm∂n°pIbpw sNøpw-hn-[-

ap≈ cmXn!

]Xy-£-Øn¬ DΩ aWn-°q-dp-I-tfmfw At_m-[m-h-ÿ-

bpsS temI-Øm-bn-cp-∂p. A¿≤-cmXntbmS-SpØv Btcm

Ft∂mSv "Rßƒ hnfn-®n v an≠p-∂n-√. \o hnfn-®m¬ Hcp-]t£

adp-]Sn Xcp'-sa∂v ]d-™p. Rm≥ hnfn-®-t∏mƒ adp-]Sn X∂p.

AsXmcp kΩ-X-Øns‚ t\cnb i–-am-bn-cp∂p. aq∂p-a-Wn-tbm-

S-SpØv Xl-÷pZv \a-kvIm-c-Øns‚ ka-b-am-b-t∏mƒ, XnI®pw

At_m-[m-h-ÿ-bn-em-bn. t]cn-\v, izmkw amXsa D≠m-bn-cp-

∂p≈q; Xm≥I≠ kz]v\-a-\p-k-cn®v ]√-°n¬ Ib-dm\pw bmX

XpS-ßm-\p-ap≈ Xøm-sd-SpØp Ign-™n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂ptXm-∂n.

cmhnse Ggp-a-Wn-tbm-S-SpØv Rm≥ Aa-Øp¬l-øpsS DΩ-

tbm-Sv, F√m-hcpw ]mX¬ Ign-°m≥ ]d-™p. ImcWw Ipń-

Iƒ ]mX¬ Ign-s®-¶nse t]mIp-I-bp-≈q-sh∂v DΩ ]d-™n-

´p-≠v. ]n∂oSv Rm≥ DΩ-I-≠ kz]v\w Hm¿Ωn-®p-sIm-≠v˛

AXn¬ Ah¿ Ccp-ń¬ Hcp IqSm-c-Øn-\p-≈n¬ Nfn-bn¬ IpSp-

113Fs‚ DΩ

ßn-t∏m-Ip-I-bpw, k^vdp-√m-lvJms\ Bsc¶nepw Adn-bn-®n-cp-

s∂-¶n¬ Ah≥ h∂v Fs∂ Chn-sS-\n-∂v Ic-I-b-‰m≥ G¿∏mSv

sNøp-am-bn-cp∂p F∂p ]dbpIbpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p˛ DΩ-bv°p-

th≠n A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv Imcp-Wy-Øn\v ]m¿∞n-°m≥ XpS-

ßn.

Ipd-®p-aptº thK-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p izmkw, F´-c-a-Wn-tbm-S-

SpØv aµ-K-Xn-bnemIm≥ XpS-ßn. ho´n-ep-≈-hcpw AXn-Yn-Ifpw

tPmen-°m-cp-sa√mw `£Ww Ign-®p-I-gn-™-t∏mƒ, GI-tZiw

9 aWn°v Bflmhv c£n-Xm-hn-s‚-b-Sp-°¬ lmP-cm-bn. A∂v

sabv 16 Xn¶-fm-gvN-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ]¥≠v aWn-tbm-S-SpØv ico-

csØ˛ Imte-°q´n Ah-cpsS A¥y-hn-i-a-Øn-\p-th≠n Hcp-

°n-sh-®n-cp∂ ÿm\Øv aÆn\v Gev]n-®psImSpØp.

Ip√p-a≥ Aebvlm ^m≥, hb_vJm

hPvlp-d-∫n° Zp¬P-emen h¬-C-Ivdmw

Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv Ym\o(-d) B Zn\-ß-fn¬ kn‘n-em-

bn-cp-∂p. lpkq-dns‚ a°-fmb an¿km _io¿ AlvaZv kmln-

_pw an¿km ico^v AlvaZv kmln-_pw \p_p-∆Øv IpSpw-

_mw-K-ß-fn¬s]´ a‰p-≈-hcpw P\mk Npa-en-te-‰n. elZv\v H∂p-

c≠v C„nI icn-bm°n hbvt°-≠-Xp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. kmln_v

kmZx an¿km ico^v AlvaZv kmln_v Xs‚ ssIsIm≠v

Ah icn-bm-°n.

DΩ-bpsS ac-W-Øn¬ lZvdØv Jeo-^-Øp¬ ako-ln¬\n-

∂v, A\p-tim-N\°pdn∏v ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°s∏´p.

""Nu±co k^vdp-√m-lvJm≥ kmln-_ns‚ DΩ-bpsS h^mØv ''

(lZvdØv Aao-dp¬ apA-van-\o≥)

Ah-km\w Akokw Nu±co k¿ k^vdp-√m-

lvJm≥ kmln_ns‚ DΩ-bpsS ac-W-hm¿Ø h∂p.

Cu ka-bØv Rm≥ tIµ-Øn¬\n∂v hfsc AI-e-

Øm-Ip-∂p. Ffp-∏-Øn¬ AhnsS FØp-Ibpw P\m-

114Fs‚ DΩ

k-bn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøpI F∂Xv _p≤n-ap- m-

bn- mWv ImWp-∂-Xv. CXn¬ F\n°v AKm-[-amb ZpxJ-

ap-≠v. Rm≥ hnhcw Adn-™p-Ss\ Imdn¬ Hcmsf

ao¿]q¿Jzm-kn-te-°v, ka-bØv F\n-s°-Øm≥ Ign-

bptam F∂v sSe-t^m¨ sNbvXv At\z-jn-°m≥

Ab®n- p-≠v. Aß-s\-bm-bm¬, Ah-cpsS P\mk \a-

kvI-cn -∏n®v Ahsc J_vd-S -°pI F∂ Fs‚

BKlw ]q¿Øn-bm-Ipw. Cs√-¶n¬, A√m-lp-hns‚

C„-Øns‚ apºn¬ Xe-Ip-\n-°p-∂p.

]tc-X-bpsS BßmÀ°X]tc-X-bpsS `¿Ømhv Nu±co \pkz-vdp-√m-lvJm≥

kmln_v \njv°-f-¶\pw BZ-c-Wo-b-\p-amb Alva-

Zn-bm-bn-cp∂p F∂-Xn¬ Hcp kwi-b-hp-an-√. At±lw

G‰-hp-amZyw Fs‚ hnfn°v DØcw \evIn. Xs‚

PohnXw Zo\n-∂mbn ka¿∏n-®p. JmZn-bm-\n¬h∂v

Fs∂ klm-bn-°m≥ XpS-ßn. AXp-sIm≠v At±-l-

Øns‚ _‘-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ At±-l-

Øns‚ `mcybv°v F∂nepw Rm≥ aptJ\ Pam-A-

Ønepw Hcp Ah-Im-i-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Akokw Nu±co

k^vdp-√m-lvJm≥ kmln_v Xs‚ Pohn-X-Øns‚

]mcw-`-Zi apX¬Xs∂ kZm-Nm-c-am¿§-Ønt‚bpw

A\p-k-c-W-Øn-t‚bpw DØ-a-KpWw ImWn-°p-Ibpw

Jnem-^-Øns‚ XpS-°-\m-fp-Iƒ apX¬ Ft∂mSv

Xs‚ kvt\lhpw Bflm¿∞-Xbpw ]I-Sn-∏n-®p-h-cn-

Ibpw sNøp∂p F∂-Xnepw kwi-b-sam∂pan-√.

]tcX At±-l-Øns‚ DΩ-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Cu _‘-

Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Ønepw Ah¿°v F∂n¬ Ah-

Im-i-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. an° kvXoI-fp-tSbpw _‘w

]nXmhv As√-¶n¬ ]pX≥ As√-¶n¬ ktlm-Z-c≥

Imc-W-Øm-ep-≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. ]tcX AXn¬\n∂v hyXy-

kvX-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-cpsS _‘w t\cn´pw CS-\n-e-

115Fs‚ DΩ

bn-√m-Ø-Xp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ Xs‚ ]tc-X-\mb

`¿Øm-hn\v aptº Alva-Znøm Pam-A-Øn¬ ]th-

in-®p. At±-l-tØ-°mƒ aptº Jnem-^-Øn\v _bv-

AØv sNbvXp. Ft∏mgpw aXm-`n-am-\-Øn-t‚bpw

Bflhn-izm-k-Øn-t‚bpw sXfnhv \evIp-Ibpw

sNbvXp. Nµ-bn¬ AXyp-’m-l-tØmsS ]s¶-Sp-°p-

I, Zcn-Zsc klm-bn-°p-∂-Xn¬ i≤n-°pI XpS-ßnbh

Ah-cpsS ]tXy-I-X-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ]m¿∞-\-bpsS B[n-

Iyw sIm≠v, A[n-I-amb kXy-kz-]v\-ß-fm¬

A√mlp Ah¿°v BZ-chv ]Zm\w sNbvXn-cp-∂p.

kz]v\-Z¿i-\-Øm¬ Ah¿ Alva-Zn-øØv kzoI-cn-°p-

I-bpw, kz]v\-Z¿i-\-Øm¬Øs∂ c≠mw Jnem-^-

Øn\v _bv-AØv sNøp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

C´y³ sshtkm-bn-bp-am-bpÅ ]tc-X-bpsS IqSn-¡mgvN\nc-h[n ]pcp-j-∑m¿°v D]-tZ-i-Øn\v Imc-W-am-

tb-°m-hp∂ Ah-cpsS Cu kw`hw F\n°v Hcn-°epw

ad-°m≥ km[n-°p-I-bn-√. Alvdmcn ^nXv\ JmZn-bm-

\n¬ i‡n-]m-]n-®n-cp∂ Ign-™-Zn-\-ß-fn¬ Hcp

Alvdmcn GP‚ v hgn-bn¬h®v Akokw anbm≥

ico^v AlvaZv kmln-_ns\ emØn-sIm≠mIan-®n-

cp-∂p. Ah-cn-X-dn-™t∏mƒ hfsc hnj-an-®p. "k^-

dp-√m-lvJm≥ Fs‚ a\- n\v Ft¥m BIp-∂p, AΩm-

Pms‚ (l-ZvdØv DΩp¬ apA-van-\o≥) a\ v hfsc

teme-am-Wv, Ah-cpsS Ahÿ F¥m-bn-cn°pw' F∂n-

ßs\ k^vdp-√m-lvJm≥ kmln-_n-t\mSv XpSsc

ØpSsc ]d-™p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. Ipd-®p-Zn-hkw Ign™v

Nu±-co-km-ln_v ho´n¬ h∂-t∏mƒ, Xt∂m-Sp-Xs∂

DΩ Ft¥m kwk-mcn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂-Xmbn At±-l-

Øn\v a\- n-em-bn. At±lw tNmZn-®p. t_ t_Pn!

F¥mWv ]iv\w? ]tcX ]d™p: Rm≥ sshtkm-

bn -bp -ambn kwkm-cn -°p-I-bm-bn -cp -∂p. Nu±co

116Fs‚ DΩ

kmln_v tNmZn-®p, \nßƒ°v F¥p-sIm≠v t\cn´v

At±l-tØmSv kwkm-cn-®p-IqSm? AXn\v Ah-kcw

In´ptam F∂-h¿ tNmZn-®p. Ah-kcw In´p-sa∂v

Nu±co kmln_v Adn-bn-®p. AXp-tI- -t∏mƒ ]d™p:

"AXp icn, G¿∏mSv sNøp-I.' hnip-≤-Jp¿-Bs‚

A[ym-]-\-a-\p-k-cn®v, bph-Xn-Iƒ°p-th≠n \n›-bn-

®n´p≈ ]¿Z, ]mbm-[n-Iyw-sIm≠v Ah¿°v _m[-I-

am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ah¿ sshtkm-bnsb I≠p. Nu±co

kmln_v X¿P-a-°m-c-\m-bn. teUn hn√nw-KvSWpw ASp-

Øp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. "Rms\m∂pw ]d-bp-I-bn-√, ]d-tb-

≠Xv kzbw ]d-™p-sIm-≈-W'-sa∂v Nu±co

kmln_v Xpd-∂p-]-d-™n-cp-∂p. Aßs\ ]tc-X,

hn√nw-KvS¨]-`p-hn-t\mSv Atß-b‰w i‡n-tbmsS

]d™p: ""Rm≥ Kma-Øn¬ Xma-kn-°p∂ kvXobm-

Wv. Cw•o-jp-Ims-c F\n-°-dn-bn√. Ah-cpsS `c-W-

Øns‚ cl-ky-ßfpw F\n-°-dn-bn-√. Cw•o-jp-Im¿

\√-h-cm-sW∂v Rm≥ lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)¬

\n∂p tI´p. \nß-fpsS P\-X-bv°p-th≠n Ft∏mgpw

lrZ-b-Øn¬\n∂v ]m¿∞\ ]pd-s∏-ń-cp-∂p. \nß-

fpsS P\-Xbv°v Fs¥-¶nepw ]Xn-k-‘n-L´w hcp-

tºmƒ, A√m-lpth Chsc kwc-£n-°p-Ibpw klm-

bn-°p-Ibpw sNtø-Wta F∂v ]d™v Ic-™p-I-

c™p ]m¿∞n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, Ct∏mƒ Pam-

A-Øn-t\m-Sp≈ s]cp-am-‰-Øns‚ ê-ambn ]tXy-

In®v JmZn-bm-\n¬, lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚

Iev]-\-bp≈Xp-sIm≠v ]m¿∞n-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n-epw,

lrZ-b-Øn¬\n∂v AXv hcp-∂n-√. ImcWw Ct∏mƒ

Fs‚ a\ v Xr]vXb-√. Cu coXn-bn¬ Rßsf

_p≤n-ap-ń-°m≥ Rßƒ F¥mWv sNbvXXv?''

Nu±co kmln_v hn√nw-KvS¨]`phn-t\mSp ]d™p:

Rm≥ shdp-samcp ]cn- m-j-I-\m-Wv. Fs‚ DΩ ]d-

117Fs‚ DΩ

bp∂ Imcyw amXta Rm≥ ]d-bq. XpS¿∂v Aßv

t\cn v Ah¿°v adp-]Sn sImSp-Øm-epw. Ah¿ ]d™

Imcy-ßƒ hn√nw-KvS¨]`p-hns\ tIƒ∏n-®p. EPphpw

ip≤hpw aXm-`n-am-\-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xp-amb B hm°p-

Iƒ FX-amXw hn√nw-KvS¨]`p-hns‚ mcysb kzm[o-

\n-®p-sh-∂m¬, Ah¿ Fgp-t∂‰v ]tc-X-bpsS ASp-

Øp-h-∂n-cp-∂p. kam-[m-\n-∏n-°m≥ XpS-ßn. `¿Øm-

hn-t\mSp ]d™p: ""\nßƒ ]tXyIw i≤n-t°≠

Imcy-am-Wn-Xv.''

Cu Xt‚-S-tØm-Sp-IqSn Pam-A-Øn-\p-th≠n Xs‚ aXm-

`n-am\w ]I-Sn-∏n-°m≥ Ign-hp-≈-hcpw ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-

∂-h-cp-ambn FX ]pcp-j-∑m-cp≠v? A√m-lp-X-Be

]tc-X-bpsS Bflm-hns\ kzoIm-c-Øns‚ ssII-fn¬

FSp-°p-am-dm-I-s´. Xs‚ A\p-K-l-ß-fpsS A\-¥-cm-

h-Im-in-bm-°n-Øo¿°-s´. Bao≥.

kÀ k- vdp-Ãm-lvJm³ kmln-_n-t\m-SpÅ kvt\lwAkokw Nu±co k¿ k-^vdp-√mlv Jm≥ kmln-

_ns\ Ah¿ Xs‚ F√m a°-tf-°mfpw IqSp-X¬

kvt\ln-®n -cp -∂p. A√mlp Ah\v F√m-h-tc-

°mf[nIw BZ-chv \evIn-sb-∂pw, Fs∂ G‰hpw

IqSp-X¬ _lp-am-\n-°p-∂p-sh∂pw an°-t∏mgpw ]d-

bm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

]tc-X-bpsS Hcp kz]v\wCt∏mƒ iqdm tNcp∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Nu±co

kmln-_n-t\m-sSm∏w h∂n-cp-∂p. c≠p-aq∂p ]mhiyw

Fs∂ ImWm≥ h∂p. hfsc k¥p-„-bmbn I≠p.

F∂m¬, Xs‚ ico-c-Øns‚ Dƒ`mKØv H∂p-an-√m-

ØXmbn tXm∂p∂p-sh∂v ]d-™n-cp∂p. G]n-en¬

acn-°p-sa-∂p≈ Hcp kz]v\w Ah¿ I≠ncp-∂p.

F∂m¬, kz]v\-Øn¬ Nne-t∏mƒ ad-™p-In-S-°p∂

hymJym-\-ß-fp-≠m-Ipw. ac-W-Øn\p Imc-W-amb

118Fs‚ DΩ

tcmKw G]n-en¬ _m[n-°p-sa-∂m-sW∂v a\- n-em-

Ip-∂p≠v. G]n-en-t\mSp CX-amXw ASpØ ka-

bØp≈ Ah-cpsS acWw, Cu kz]v\-Øns‚ kXy-

X-bv°p≈ Hcp ]_e sXfn-hm-Wv.

]tc-X-bpsS ac-Ws¯ kw_-Ôn- pÅ Hcp kz]v\wH∂p-c≠p h¿jw aptº Rms\mcp kz]v\w I≠p.

""Rms\s‚ Hmô-kn¬ Ccn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Fs‚-b-SpØv

Nu±co k vdp-√m-lvJm≥ kmln_v InS-°p-∂p-≠v. 11,12

hb v tXm∂n-°pw. apń¬ Xebv°v ssI sImSp-ØmWv

InS-°p-∂-Xv. At±-l-Øns‚ heØpw CSØpw

Akokw Nu±co A–p-√mlv Jm≥ kmln_pw

Nu±co Ak-Zp-√m-lvJm\pw Ccn-∏p-≠v. Ah¿°v Bdv,

HºXv ]mbw tXm∂n-®n-cp-∂p. aq∂p-t]-cp-tSbpw

apJhpw Fs‚ t\sc-bm-Wv. aq∂p-t]cpw Rm\p-ambn

kwkm-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. AXy-[nIw BÀm-Z-tØmsS

Rm≥ ]d-bp∂ Imcy-ßƒ tIƒ°p-∂p. Fs‚ a°-

sf-t∏m-se-bmWv At∏mƒ Ah-sc-\n°p tXm∂p-∂-

Xv. Hgphp In´p-tºmƒ hoń¬ amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ Xß-

fpsS a°-tfmSp kwkm-cn-°m-dp-≈-Xp-t]mse Rm≥

Ah-tcmSp kwkm-cn-°p-∂p.'' Hcp-]-t£, AXns‚

hymJym\hpw Ah-cpsS acWw Xs∂-bm-Wv. AXm-

b-Xv, ssZhnI \nb-a-a-\p-k-cn®v Hcp-X-c-Øn-ep≈

]nXrXzw As√-¶n¬ amXrXzw ÿe-sam-gn-bp-tºmƒ

as‰m-cp-X-c-Øn-ep≈ ]nXrXzw As√-¶n¬ amXrXzw

X¬ÿm-\w ssItb-ev°p-∂p.

]tc-X-bpsS _Ôp-¡Ä]tc-X-bpsS D∏bpw Alva-Zn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ZmXm-

k-bvZp-Im-c-\mb Ah-cpsS ktlm-Z-c≥ Nu±co A–p-

√m-lvJm≥ kmln_v AXyp-’m-l-ap≈ Hcp Alva-

Zn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Xs‚ \mńse Pam-A-Øns‚ Aao-dm-

Wv. lZvdØv Jeo-^-Øp¬ ako-lns‚ Imew apX¬

119Fs‚ DΩ

Ft∂mSv Bflm¿∞X ]pe¿Øn-t∏m-∂p. AXn¬

Ft∏mgpw ap≥]-¥n-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p.

A√m-lp-th, \ns‚ kao-]Øv Ah¿°v CSw \evtI-

W-ta. Ah-cpsS IpSpw-_sØ Ah-cpsS ZpB-I-fpsS

A\p-K-l-Øn¬ \n∂pw hn´p-I-f-b-c-pXv, Ah-cpsS ac-

W-Øn-\p-ti-jhpw Ah¿°mbn AXv ]pe¿∂p-sIm-

≠n-cn-t°-W-ta. (A¬^-fv¬, 1938 sabv 22 \º¿ 188

hmfyw 26)

lZvdØv Aao-dp¬ apA-van-\o≥ Ah-cpsS "inem-te-J-'bn¬

Fgp-Xm≥ \n¿t±-in-®- h-cnIƒ Ch-bm-Wv.

Nu±co \pkz-vdp-√m-lvJm≥ kmln-_ns‚ `mcy

Akokw Nu±co k^vdp-√m-lvJm≥ kmln_v k√-a-

lp-√m-bpsS DΩ, kz]v\-ßfpw Z¿i-\-ßfpw D≠m-Ip-

∂-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p. kz]v\w aptJ\ lZvdØv akolv

auDu-Zv(-A)s\ Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ ku`mKyw In´n. ]tc-

X-\mb ¿Øm-hn-t\-°mƒ aptº _bv-AØv sNbvXp.

]n∂oSv kz]v\-Øn-eqsSXs∂ c≠mw Jnem- -Øns\

Xncn-®-dn-™p. ]tc-X\mb `¿Øm-hn-t\-°mƒ aptº

Jnem-^Øn¬ _bv-AØv sNbvXp. aXm-`n-am\w

AXns‚ ]q¿Æ-Zi-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p. kXy-k-tµiw

FØn-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n¿`-bbm-bn-cp-∂p. Zcn-Zsc kwc-

£n-°p∂ kz-`mh-Øm¬ hn`q-jn-Xbpw efn-X-amb

Pohn-X-Øns‚ ioe-\n-[nbpw k¬`m-cybpw kvt\l-

a-bn-bmb DΩ-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. A√mlp Ah¿°pw,

Atß-b‰w HXp-°hpw Bflm¿∞-Xbpap≈ Pam-A-

Øns‚ tkh-I-\m-bn-cp∂ Ah-cpsS `¿Øm-hn\pw

Xs‚ A\p-K-l-ß-fn¬\n∂v Hmlcn \evIp-am-dm-I-s´.

Xs‚ kao-]Øv CSw \evIp-am-dm-I-s´. Ah-cpsS

a°sf Xs‚ kwc-£-W-Øn¬ hbv°p-am-dm-Im-s´.

Bao≥.

120Fs‚ DΩ

""\o Pohn°q aIt\''

Ct∏mƒ B ]nb-∏´ hy‡nXzw \Ωp-sS-bn-S-bn-en-√. B

]nb-¶-c-amb apJsØ IÆp-Iƒ Xnc-bp-I-bm-Wv. ]t£,

ImWm≥ km[n-°p-∂n-√. \nc-¥-c-ap≈ thZ-\-m\n-¿`c-amb

]m¿∞-\-I-fn¬\n∂v Rßƒ XSbs∏´p. ]t£, Rßƒ A√m-

lp-hns‚ Xr]vXnsb kwXr-]vXn-tbmsS kzoI-cn-°p-∂p. Rß-

fpsS DΩ Xs‚ Pohn-X-Im-eØv A√m-lp-hn-t\m-Sp≈ A\p-k-

c-Wbnepw C„-Ønepw Pohn®p Ft∂m¿°p-tºmƒ Rßƒ°v

kam-[m-\-am-Wv. A√mlp Ah-tcmSv AXo-h-Im-cp-Wy-tØmsS

s]cp-am-dp-sa∂v Rßƒ°v ZrV-hn-izm-k-ap-≠v. A√mlp

Rßƒ°pw Xs‚ C„-a-\p-k-cn®v ]-h¿Øn°m≥ Ignhv

\evIs´ F∂v ]m¿∞n-°p-∂p. Rß-fpsS kabw hcp-tºmƒ-

A-h≥ Rß-tfbpw Xs‚ Imcp-Wy-Øn¬ ]th-in-∏n-°p-Ibpw

Rß-fpsS amXm-]n-Xm-°-fp-tSbpw kXy-k-‘-cp-tSbpw kmao-

]yw Rßƒ°v ]Zm\w sNøp-Ibpw lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv

(A)s‚ ]mZ-ß-fn¬ Rßƒ°v CSw \evIp-Ibpw sNøp-sa∂v

]Xo-£n-°p-∂p. Bao≥.

Fs‚ Dugw hcp-Ibpw B ]nb-s∏´ apJ-I-a-e-Øn¬ Fs‚

Zr„n ]Xn-bm≥ A√m-lp-hns‚ Imcp-Wyw CS-bm-°p-Ibpw sNøp-

tºmƒ Fs‚ kI-e-kvt\-lhpw kIehnj-a-ßfpw kIe

BK-lhpw "t_. t_' F∂ B Htc-sbmcp hm°n¬ \nd-th-

‰-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv. Ahcn¬\n-∂p≈ "\o Pohn°q aIt\' F∂

hm°pw Hcp-X-h-W-IqSn Fs‚ a\ ns\ kt¥m-j-wsIm≠v

\ndbv°pw.

A√m-lp-th, Imcp-Wy-Øns‚ ag ho≠pw ho≠pw s]øn-®m-epw.

\ns‚ XnIhp‰ ^fvenepw _bv --Øp-∂-Cu-anepw ]thin∏n-®mepw.

k^v-dp-√m-lvJm≥

Entey Umma (My Mother) - IslamAhmadiyya · Ente Umma (Malayalam) Meri Walida (Original) Author :...

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