December 11, 2010

Bible Study for Pr-Servants

According to Sts.

Matthew, Mark, Luke

The The GospelsGospels

History

ActsActs The The EpistlesEpistles RevelationRevelation

Letters Visions

The Story of Jesus

Epistles of Paul

Apocalyptic Literature

Early Church

Catholic Epistles

Past Present Future

Overview Of The Gospels• “Gospel” means “Good News” from the Greek word ευαγγέλιον

(evangelion) (ευ=“good”; αγγέλιον=“news” or “message”).

• From that we get the words “evangelical” (someone focused on the good news) and “evangelist” (proclaimer of the good news). The authors of the four Gospel writings are also called the Evangelists.

• Dates: Mark 55-65 A.D. Matthew 58-68 A.D. Luke 60-85 A.D. John 85 A.D.

• The Gospel (not Gospels) according to Sts. Matthew, Mark and Luke are called the Synoptic Gospels because they share a common (“syn”) viewpoint (“optic”).

• They are similar to each other. The Gospel according to St. John is quite different.

Comparison of the 4 Gospel Writings

Matthew (Jew)

Mark (Jew)

Luke (Greek)

John (Jew)

Jesus as the: King of

Israel (33)Servant of Lord

Son of Man

Son of God

Reader: Jew (Jesus Son of David)

Roman Greek World

Revelation shape of:

Man Lion Calf Eagle

Objective Jesus is the promised Messiah (60)

Jesus taught with authority by miracles

Jesus is the Friend of man

Jesus is the Son of God

Prominent Idea:

Law (5 Sermons)

Power Grace Glory

MATTHEWMATTHEWIntroduction (1-4) Five Sermons, “When Jesus

finished these words” (7:28; 11:1; 13:53; 19:1; 26:1)

Death, Burial, and Resurrection

(26-28)

• Birth

• Baptism• Trial

MARKMARKIntroduction Public

MinistryCh 3 to 5

Death, Burial, and Resurrection

(11-16)• Baptism

Private Ministry

Ch 9-10

You are the Christ!

8:29

LUKELUKEIntroduction (1-4) Miracles

(4-9)

Death, Burial, and Resurrection

(19-24)• Birth• 12 years old

Journey to Jerusalem

(9-18)

The Gospel According to St. Matthew

Jesus the King• His genealogy (by flesh) and birth (Ch. 1 & 2)

• His messenger; John the Baptist (Ch. 3)

• His trial (by Satan) then appearance to the Jews (Ch. 4)

• His laws; the sermon (1) on the mountain (Ch. 5 to 7)

• His service (Ch. 8 to 11)

• His struggle with the Jews to establish the Kingdom of Heaven (Ch. 9 to 20) => 3 sermons

• His triumphant entry to Jerusalem (Ch. 21 to 25) => 1 sermon (signs of the times, parables, second coming)

• His death and resurrection (Ch. 26 to 28)

The Gospel According to St. Matthew

The 5 sermons:• Sermon of the Mount (Ch. 5-7)

• Instructions to the twelve disciples (Ch. 10)

• Parables on the Kingdom of Heaven (Ch. 13)– Sower– Wheat and tares– Mustard seed– Leaven– Hidden treasure– Pearl of great price– Dragnet

• Instructions to the Church (Ch. 18)–  emphasize ecclesiastical responsibility and humility

• Seven woes on the scribes and Pharisees (Ch. 23)

The Gospel According to St. Mark

Jesus the Servant• Preparations for His coming and ministry (Ch. 1 and 2)

• His ministry of service In teaching and working miracles of mercy (Ch. 1 to 10)– Jesus early Galilean ministry (Ch. 1 to 3)– Jesus later Galilean ministry of teaching and mercy (Ch. 3 to 6)– His journeys into the regions outside of Galilee (Ch. 6 to 8)– His closing ministry of teaching and mercy in Galilee (Ch. 8 to 9)– His ministry of teaching and mercy starts in Jerusalem (Ch. 10)

• His suffering ,death and resurrection (Ch. 11 to 16)– His ministry in Jerusalem; looks for fruits, disarms His opponents, and

future things to take place (Ch. 11 to 13)– His suffering and death at the hands of the Jews, Pilate and Gentiles

Roman soldiers (Ch. 14 to 15) – His resurrection (Ch. 16)

The Gospel According to St. Mark

Distinct Characteristics• Only 16 chapters (compared to the other 3 Gospel writings)

• Fast-paced writing sandwiching events and teachings e.g. the Fig Tree (11:12-24)

• Simple language full of imagination and details of persons places and nature e.g. – Demon-possessed man healing (5:1-20) – Beasts in the mountain of trial (1:13)

• Explanation to the Jewish terms that can be understood by the Roman audience– The explanation of the Jewish traditions (7: 2, 3, 4, etc.)– “And now when evening had come, because it was the Preparation

Day, that is, the day before the Sabbath” (15:42)

The Gospel According to St. Luke

Jesus the Son of Man• His birth, baptism and trial (Ch. 1 to 4)

• His ministry in Galilee to seek and save the lost (Ch. 4 to 9)– Jesus early Galilean ministry (Ch. 4 to 6)– Jesus later Galilean ministry (Ch. 6 to 9)– His closing ministry in Galilee (Ch. 9)

• His ministry in Judea (9 to 13) and in His way to Jerusalem (Ch. 13 to 18) to seek and save the lost

• His suffering ,death, resurrection and ascension (Ch. 19 to 24)– His triumphant entry into Jerusalem and teaches in the temple (Ch. 19 to

21)– His suffering and death at the hands of the Jews and Gentiles Romans

(Ch. 22 to 23) – His resurrection and ascension (Ch. 24)

The Gospel According to St. Luke

Jesus the Son of Man:

• Miracles and Parables– 20 miracles; 6 of which are unique e.g. widow of Naim's son, man

with dropsy, ten lepers, – Parables that are unique to Luke are the “Good Samaritan”, “Corrupt

Steward” and “Prodigal Son”

• Role of Woman– Among Jesus' followers are women Mary Magdalene, Martha and her

sister Mary– Contains the Annunciation of the birth of Jesus to St. Mary His

mother – The Gospel of Luke features more female characters, features a

female prophet (Anna; Luke 2:36) and details the experience of pregnancy (1:41-42)

– Prominent discussion is given to the lives of Elizabeth, the mother of  John the Baptist and of  St. Mary

Chronological events and locations in the Gospel writings

Jesus’ ChildhoodYear Location Event Scriptures

4/3 B.C. Bethlehem Birth of Jesus

Mt 1:18-25

Lk 1:1-7

4/3 B.C. Bethlehem Visit by shepherds Lk 2:8-20

4/3 B.C. JerusalemPresentation in the temple(Simeon and Anna) Lk 2:21-40

4/3 B.C. Bethlehem Visit by the Magi Mt 2:1-12

4/3 B.C. Nile Delta Escape to Egypt Mt 2:13-18

4/3 B.C. Lower Galilee Return to Nazereth Mt 2:19-23

A.D. 8/9 Jerusalem Visit to temple as a boy Lk 2:41-52

The Year of InaugurationYear Location Event Scriptures

A.D. 26 Jordon River Jesus baptized

Mt 3:13-17

Mk 1:9-11

Lk 3:21-23

Jn 1:29-39

A.D. 26 Desert Jesus tempted by Satan

Mt 4:1-11

Mk 1:12-13

Lk 4:1-13

A.D. 26 Cana Jesus' first miracle Jn 2:1-11

A.D. 27 Jerusalem Jesus' cleansing of the temple Jn 2:14-22

A.D. 27 Jerusalem Jesus and Nicodemus Jn 3:1-21

A.D. 27 SamariaJesus talks to the Samaritan

woman Jn 4:5-42

A.D. 27 Cana

Jesus heals a nobleman's son(Cana was approx 25 miles from

Capernaum) Jn 4:46-54

A.D. 27 NazarethThe people of Jesus' hometown try

to kill him Lk 4:16-31

The Year of PopularityYear Location Event Scriptures

A.D. 27Sea of Galilee at

Capernaum 4 fishermen become Jesus' followers

Mt 4:18-22

Mk 1:16-20

Lk 5:1-11

A.D. 27 Capernaum Jesus heals Peter's mother-in-law

Mt 8:14-17

Mk 1:29-34

Lk 4:38-41

A.D. 27 GalileeJesus begins his first preaching trip

through Galilee

Mt 4:23-25

Mk 1:35-39

Lk 4:42-44

A.D. 27 Capernaum Matthew decides to follow Jesus

Mt 9:9-13

Mk 2:13-17

Lk 5:27-32

A.D. 28 Capernaum Jesus chooses the 12 disciples

Mk 3:13-19

Lk 6:12-15

A.D. 28 CapernaumJesus preaches the "Sermon on the

Mount"

Mt 5:1-7:29

Lk 6:20-49

The Year of PopularityYear Location Event Scriptures

A.D. 28 Capernaum A sinful woman anoints Jesus Lk 7:36-50

A.D. 28 Galilee Jesus travels again through Galilee Lk 8:1-3

A.D. 28 GalileeJesus teaches parables about the

kingdom

Mt 13:1-52

Mk 4:1-34

Lk 8:4-18

A.D. 28 Sea of Galilee Jesus calms the storm

Mt 8:23-27

Mk 4:35-41

Lk 8:22-25

A.D. 28 CapernaumJairus's daughter is brought back to life

by Jesus

Mt 9:18-26

Mk 5:21-43

Lk 8:40-56

A.D. 28 CapernaumJesus sends his 12 followers out to

preach and heal

Mt 9:35-11:1

Mk 6:6-13

Lk 9:1-6

The Year of OppositionYear Location Event Scriptures

A.D. 28 Machaerus John the Baptist is killed by Herod

Mt 14:1-12

Mk 6:14-29

Lk 9:7-9

A.D. 29 Near Bethsaida Jesus feeds 5,000 people

Mt 14:13-21

Mk 6:30-44

Lk 9:10-17

Jn 6:1-14

A.D. 29 Near Bethsaida Jesus walks on water

Mt 14:22-33

Mk 6:45-52

Jn 6:16-21

A.D. 29Decapolis, Sea of

Galilee Jesus withdraws to Tyre and Sidon

Mt 15:21-28

Mk 7:24-30

A.D. 29Decapolis, Sea of

Galilee Jesus feeds 4,000 people

Mt 15:32-39

Mk 8:1-9

A.D. 29 Caesarea Philippi Peter says that Jesus is the Son of God

Mt 16:13-20

Mk 8:27-30

Lk 9:18-21

A.D. 29 Caesarea PhilippiJesus tells his disciples he is going to

die soon

Mt 16:21-26

Mk 8:31-37

Lk 9:22-25

The Year of OppositionYear Location Event Scriptures

A.D. 29 Caesarea Philippi Jesus is transfigured

Mt 17:1-13

Mk 9:2-13

Lk 9:28-36

A.D. 29 Capernaum Jesus pays his temple taxes Mt 17:24-27

A.D. 29 JerusalemJesus attends the Feast of the

Tabernacles Jn 7:11-52

A.D. 29 JerusalemJesus heals a man who was born

blind Jn 9:1-41

A.D. 29 Bethany Jesus visits Mary and Martha Lk 10:38-42

A.D. 29

Bethany (Jesus was beyond Jordan (Jn 10:40) when he heard about Lazarus.

Jesus raises Lazarus from the dead Jn 11:1-44

A.D. 30 Across the Jordon Jesus blesses the little children

Mt 19:13-15

Mk 10:13-16

Lk 18:15-17

The Year of OppositionYear Location Event Scriptures

A.D. 30Across the

JordonJesus talks to the rich and young

man

Mt 19:16-30

Mk 10:17-31

Lk 18:18-30

A.D. 30 Near the JordonJesus again tells about his death

and resurrection

Mt 20:17-19

Mk 10:32-34

Lk 18:31-34

A.D. 30 Jericho Jesus heals blind Bartimaeus

Mt 20:29-34

Mk 10:46-52

Lk 18:35-43

A.D. 30 Jericho Jesus talks to Zacchaeus Lk 19:1-10

A.D. 30 BethanyJesus returns to Bethany to visit

Mary and Martha Jn 11:55-12:1

The Last WeekYear Location Event Scriptures

A.D. 30

Jerusalem The Triumphal Entry

Mt 21:1-11

Sunday Mk 11:1-10

  Lk 19:29-44

  Jn 12:12-19

A.D. 30

Jerusalem Jesus curses the fig tree

Mt 21:18-19

Monday Mk 11:12-14

A.D. 30

Jerusalem Jesus cleanses the temple

Mt 21:12-13

Monday Mk 11:15-18

A.D. 30

Jerusalem The authority of Jesus questioned

Mt 21:23-27

Tuesday Mk 11:27-33

  Lk 20:1-8

A.D. 30

Jerusalem Jesus teaches in the temple

Mt 21:28-23:29

Tuesday Mk 12:1-44

  Lk 20:9-21:4

A.D. 30

Bethany Jesus anointed

Mt 26:6-13

Tuesday Mk 14:3-9

  Jn 12:2-11

A.D. 30

Bethany The plot against Jesus

Mt 26:14-16

Wednesday Mk 14:10-11

  Lk 23:3-61

The Last WeekYear Location Event Scriptures

A.D. 30

Bethany The Last Supper

Mt 26:17-29

Thursday Mk 14:12-25

  Lk 22:7-20

  Jn 13:1-38

A.D. 30

Bethany Jesus comforts the disciples Jn 14:1-16:33Thursday

A.D. 30

Bethany Gethsemane

Mt 26:36-46

Thursday Mk 14:32-42

  Lk 22:40-46

A.D. 30

Bethany Jesus' arrest and trial

Mt 26:47-27:26

Thursday night & Friday Mk 14:43-15:15

  Lk 22:47-23:25

  Jn 18:2-19:16

A.D. 30

Golgotha Jesus' crucifixion and death

Mt 27:27-56

Friday Mk 15:16-41

  Lk 23:26-49

  Jn 19:17-30

A.D. 30

Josheph's Tomb The burial of Jesus

Mt 27:57-66

Friday Mk 15:42-47

  Lk 23:50-56

  Jn 19:31-42

After the ResurrectionYear Location Event Scriptures

A.D. 30

Jerusalem The empty tomb

Mt 28:1-10

Sunday Mk 16:1-8

  Lk 24:1-12

  Jn 20:1-10

A.D. 30

Jerusalem Mary Magdalene

Mk 16:2-13

Sunday Jn 20:11-18

A.D. 30

Near EmmausJesus appears to the two going to

Emmaus

Mk 16:12-13

Sunday Lk 24:13-35

A.D. 30

Jerusalem Jesus appears to 10 disciples

Mk 16:14

Sunday Lk 24:36-43

  Jn 20:19-25

A.D. 30

Jerusalem Jesus appears to the 11 disciples Jn 20:26-31one week later

A.D. 30

Sea of Galilee Jesus talks with some of his disciples Jn 21:1-25one week later

A.D. 30

Mount of Olives Jesus ascends to his Father in heaven

Mt 28:16-20

40 days later Mk 16:19-20

  Lk 24:44-53

Some of the main common Some of the main common events in the Gospel writingsevents in the Gospel writings

• John the Baptist

• Baptism then the Trial of Jesus by Satan

• Appointments of the Disciples and Apostles

• The Great Confession

• Transfiguration

• Triumphant Entry into Jerusalem

• The Lord’s Supper

• Christ’s Crucifixion, Death and Resurrection

John the BaptistJohn the Baptist

• All four Gospel writings emphasize the ministry of John the Baptist.

• John is a fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy (Isaiah 40:3; Malachi 3:1).

• His message.– Calling for repentance– Pointing to Messiah

Baptism of JesusBaptism of Jesus

• Significance of Baptism. – Identification.

• Proclamation from the Father: This is my beloved Son (Matthew 3:17).

• Testimony of the Holy Spirit.– Significance of the Dove.– Significance of the Spirit.

Baptism of Jesus

Temptation of Jesus

Sonshipstated bythe Father

Sonshipchallengedby Satan

Second Adam is taken through a second probationary testing

Appointment of the ApostlesAppointment of the Apostles

• Apostle versus Disciple.

• They are to be Fishers of Men.

• They represent the New Israel of the New Covenant.– Twelve.– Seated on Twelve Thrones (Mt 19:28;

Rev 21:14).– Foundation stones of the Church (Eph.

2:20).

• Made by Peter

• John records a similar confession by Peter (John 6:68-69).

• Peter is speaking as the spokesmen of the Apostles.

• Jesus is THE One from God.

• Jesus reveals the Cross.

You are the Christ!

The Great ConfessionThe Great Confession

What is its significance?

TransfigurationTransfiguration

• Encourage those who will see the cross.

• Graphic testimony of the Law and the Prophets.

• Centrality of the Cross (Luke’s reference to “His exodus”).

• Promise of the Future.

• Testimony of the Father.

The King Comes to JerusalemThe King Comes to Jerusalem• Triumphal Entry

• Cleansing of the Temple

• A Question of Authority

Lord’s SupperLord’s Supper

• Setting of the Passover

• “This is My Body”

• “This is My Blood

• The New Covenant

• Promise of the Second Coming

Crucifixion and DeathCrucifixion and Death

• The Trials: With what was Jesus charged?– The real indictment– The Roman charge

• The Significance of the Cross

• “My God, My God, Why have You forsaken Me?”

The ResurrectionThe Resurrection

• Promised in the Old Testament (Ps 16:8-11)

• Unexpected by the Disciples

• The Ultimate Sign of Christ’s Identity

Matthew 28:18-20 Matthew 28:18-20 And Jesus came up and spoke

to them, saying, “All authority has been given to Me in heaven and on earth. 19 Go therefore and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, 20 teaching them to observe all that I commanded you; and lo, I am with you always, even to the end of the age.”