II. Examine the computer printout below computed for a χ2 Test for Independence testing whether the type of sanction received by 20 property offenders is dependent on their gender. Crosstabs [DataSet0]

Case Processing Summary

20 100.0% 0 .0% 20 100.0%Type of Sanction* Gender

N Percent N Percent N PercentValid Missing Total

Cases

Type of Sanction * Gender Crosstabulation

5 1 63.0 3.0 6.0

4 3 73.5 3.5 7.0

1 6 73.5 3.5 7.010 10 20

10.0 10.0 20.0

CountExpected CountCountExpected CountCountExpected CountCountExpected Count

Fine

Probation

Jail

Type ofSanction

Total

Female MaleGender

Total

Chi-Square Tests

6.381a 2 .0417.017 2 .030

5.942 1 .015

20

Pearson Chi-SquareLikelihood RatioLinear-by-LinearAssociationN of Valid Cases

Value dfAsymp. Sig.

(2-sided)

6 cells (100.0%) have expected count less than 5. Theminimum expected count is 3.00.

a.