Chapter 3: Cells

Part I:Differentiated Cells,

Composite Cells, Cell Membrane

Cells

• Adult human body has __________

• ______varieties of cells

• Cells are considered to be “_________”– different _________ and ____________

Cells vary in size and shape

Red Blood Cell (RBC) 7.5 μm

1 micrometer (1μm) = 1 x10-6 m)

Human Egg Cell (Ovum)

140 μm

Smooth Muscle Cell

20-500 μm long

Nerve Cell

Can be many cm in length

White Blood Cell

10-12 μm

Composite Cell

• Generic Cell

• Three major parts 1.

2.

3.

Fig. 3.3

Cell Membrane

• Surrounds the outside of the cell1.

2.

• Many functions1.

2.

Cell Membrane Structure

• Phospholipids– Hydrophilic heads- “water”

• exposed to

– Hydrophobic tails- “oil”• lipid soluble substances

– Ex.

• water soluble substances– Ex:

Fig. 3.6

• Cholesterol1.

2.

Cell Membrane Structure

Fig. 3.7

Cell Membrane Structure

• Proteins1. Receptor proteins-

2. Integral proteins-

Fig. 3.7

Cell Membrane Structure

• Proteins 3. Enzymes-

4. Cellular Adhesion Molecules (CAMS)-

5. Cell Surface Proteins -

Fig. 3.7

Intercellular Junctions

• Individual cells vs. groups of cells

• Permanently connect cell membranes of groups of cells1.

2.

3.

Clinical App. 3.1: Faulty Ion Channels

• Ion channels1.

2.

3.

• Cystic Fibrosis and Cl- Channels1. Abnormal2. Thick mucous

• A. • B. • C.

3. Treatment: