Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics

Filippo G. Cosi

29. Mai 2013

Motivation

What is cavity Quantum Electrodynamics?

I.Schuster, MPQ, Garching

Contents

Introduction

Normal-mode spectroscopy of a Single-Bound-Atom-Cavity System

Nonlinear spectroscopy of photons bound to one atom

Photon blockade

Summary

The Jaynes-Cummings Model

· Atom + Cavity

6

ωa

g

e

Atom

`̀̀ 6

6

ωc

ωc

|0〉

|1〉

|2〉

|n〉

Cavity field |0〉

|1,−〉−g |1,+〉+g

|2,−〉− √

2g

|2,+〉+ √

2g `̀̀ |n,−〉−

√ ng

|n,+〉+ √

ng

6

6

ω0

ω0

Atom + Cavity

The Jaynes-Cummings Model

· Atom + Cavity

6

ωa

g

e

Atom

`̀̀ 6

6

ωc

ωc

|0〉

|1〉

|2〉

|n〉

Cavity field |0〉

|1,−〉−g |1,+〉+g

|2,−〉− √

2g

|2,+〉+ √

2g `̀̀ |n,−〉−

√ ng

|n,+〉+ √

ng

6

6

ω0

ω0

Atom + Cavity

The Jaynes-Cummings Model

· Atom + Cavity

6

ωa

g

e

Atom

`̀̀ 6

6

ωc

ωc

|0〉

|1〉

|2〉

|n〉

Cavity field

|0〉

|1,−〉−g |1,+〉+g

|2,−〉− √

2g

|2,+〉+ √

2g `̀̀ |n,−〉−

√ ng

|n,+〉+ √

ng

6

6

ω0

ω0

Atom + Cavity

The Jaynes-Cummings Model

· Atom + Cavity

6

ωa

g

e

Atom

`̀̀ 6

6

ωc

ωc

|0〉

|1〉

|2〉

|n〉

Cavity field |0〉

|1,−〉−g |1,+〉+g

|2,−〉− √

2g

|2,+〉+ √

2g `̀̀ |n,−〉−

√ ng

|n,+〉+ √

ng

6

6

ω0

ω0

Atom + Cavity

The Jaynes-Cummings Model

· Atom + Cavity

6

ωa

g

e

Atom

`̀̀ 6

6

ωc

ωc

|0〉

|1〉

|2〉

|n〉

Cavity field |0〉

|1,−〉−g |1,+〉+g

|2,−〉− √

2g

|2,+〉+ √

2g `̀̀ |n,−〉−

√ ng

|n,+〉+ √

ng

6

6

ω0

ω0

Atom + Cavity

The Jaynes-Cummings Model

· Atom + Cavity

ωn+1,± = nωc + 1 2 (ωa + ωc)

± 12 √

4g2(n + 1) + (ωa − ωc)2

6

ωa

e

g

Atom

`̀̀ 6

6

ωc

ωc

|0〉

|1〉

|2〉

|n〉

Cavity field |0〉

|1,−〉−g |1,+〉+g

|2,−〉− √

2g

|2,+〉+ √

2g `̀̀ |n,−〉−

√ ng

|n,+〉+ √

ng

6

6

ω0

ω0

Atom + Cavity

The Jaynes-Cummings Model

· Atom + Cavity

ωn+1,± = nωc + 1 2 (ωa + ωc)

± 12 √

4g2(n + 1) + (ωa − ωc)2

6

ωa

e

g

Atom

`̀̀ 6

6

ωc

ωc

|0〉

|1〉

|2〉

|n〉

Cavity field |0〉

|1,−〉−g |1,+〉+g

|2,−〉− √

2g

|2,+〉+ √

2g `̀̀ |n,−〉−

√ ng

|n,+〉+ √

ng

6

6

ω0

ω0

Atom + Cavity

Introduction

Normal-mode spectroscopy of a Single-Bound-Atom-Cavity System

Nonlinear spectroscopy of photons bound to one atom

Photon blockade

Summary

Normal-mode spectroscopy of a Single-Bound-Atom-Cavity System Experimental setup and Theory

P.Maunz, MPQ, Garching

I. Schuster, MPQ, Garching

Normal-mode spectroscopy of a Single-Bound-Atom-Cavity System Experimental setup and Theory

P.Maunz, MPQ, Garching

I. Schuster, MPQ, Garching

Normal-mode spectroscopy of a Single-Bound-Atom-Cavity System Experimental setup and Theory

P.Maunz, MPQ, Garching

I. Schuster, MPQ, Garching

Normal-mode spectroscopy of a Single-Bound-Atom-Cavity System Results

· Stark shift ⇒ asymmetric normal modes · P = 280nW no atom-cavity

detuning

P.Maunz, MPQ, Garching

|1,+〉

P.Maunz, MPQ, Garching

-� 2g

Normal-mode spectroscopy of a Single-Bound-Atom-Cavity System Results

· Stark shift ⇒ asymmetric normal modes · P = 280nW no atom-cavity

detuning

P.Maunz, MPQ, Garching

|1,+〉

P.Maunz, MPQ, Garching

-� 2g

Normal-mode spectroscopy of a Single-Bound-Atom-Cavity System Results

· Stark shift ⇒ asymmetric normal modes · P = 280nW no atom-cavity

detuning

P.Maunz, MPQ, Garching

|1,+〉

P.Maunz, MPQ, Garching

-� 2g

Introduction

Normal-mode spectroscopy of a Single-Bound-Atom-Cavity System

Nonlinear spectroscopy of photons bound to one atom

Photon blockade

Summary

Nonlinear spectroscopy of photons bound to one atom

I. Schuster, MPQ, Garching

· Idea: adressing higher excited states. · two exciting photons needed

I. Schuster, MPQ, Garching

· Two different detuning axis

Nonlinear spectroscopy of photons bound to one atom Results 1

· |2,−〉 level small resonance in the transmition spectrum · red-dashed line: single photon transition

I. Schuster, MPQ, Garching

Nonlinear spectroscopy of photons bound to one atom Results 2

I. Schuster, MPQ, Garching

· Only |2,−〉 and |3,−〉 levels · red-dashed line: single

photon transition

I. Schuster, MPQ, Garching

Introduction

Normal-mode spectroscopy of a Single-Bound-Atom-Cavity System

Nonlinear spectroscopy of photons bound to one atom

Photon blockade

Summary

Photon blockade in an optical cavity with one trapped atom Theory

|0〉

�� |1,+〉

@@ |1,−〉

� �

|2,+〉

A A |2,−〉

6ωp

6ωp

6

ω0

6

ω0

?g

?

√ 2g

Atom-cavity level diagram

· Idea: using the |1,−〉 level

· subpoissonian photon statistic · Photon blockade (anti-bunching)

K. M. Birnbaum, California Institute of Technology, USA

Photon blockade in an optical cavity with one trapped atom Theory

|0〉

�� |1,+〉

@@ |1,−〉

� �

|2,+〉

A A |2,−〉

6ωp

6ωp

6

ω0

6

ω0

?g

?

√ 2g

Atom-cavity level diagram

· Idea: using the |1,−〉 level · subpoissonian photon statistic · Photon blockade (anti-bunching)

K. M. Birnbaum, California Institute of Technology, USA

Photon blockade in an optical cavity with one trapped atom Theory

|0〉

�� |1,+〉

@@ |1,−〉

� �

|2,+〉

A A |2,−〉

6ωp

6ωp

6

ω0

6

ω0

?g

?

√ 2g

Atom-cavity level diagram

· Idea: using the |1,−〉 level · subpoissonian photon statistic · Photon blockade (anti-bunching)

K. M. Birnbaum, California Institute of Technology, USA

Photon blockade in an optical cavity with one trapped atom Results

K. M. Birnbaum, California Institute of Technology, USA

· anti-bunching, g(2)(0) ' 0.13 · Photon-photon interaction · relaxation time: τ ' 45 ns.

Summary

· Spectroscopy of the normal modes of a single atom in a cavity

· Multi-photon nonlinear spectroscopy of an atom coupled to a cavity

· Photon blockade with one single atom in an optical cavity

Summary

· Spectroscopy of the normal modes of a single atom in a cavity

· Multi-photon nonlinear spectroscopy of an atom coupled to a cavity

· Photon blockade with one single atom in an optical cavity

Summary

· Spectroscopy of the normal modes of a single atom in a cavity

· Multi-photon nonlinear spectroscopy of an atom coupled to a cavity

· Photon blockade with one single atom in an optical cavity

Summary

· Spectroscopy of the normal modes of a single atom in a cavity

· Multi-photon nonlinear spectroscopy of an atom coupled to a cavity

· Photon blockade with one single atom in an optical cavity

Summary

· Spectroscopy of the normal modes of a single atom in a cavity

· Multi-photon nonlinear spectroscopy of an atom coupled to a cavity

· Photon blockade with one single atom in an opti