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BASFIN 2: Quiz 3
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Transcript of BASFIN 2: Quiz 3
Binomial Approach
BINOMIAL TREE (Binomial Lattice)
• Value of Vd and Vu changes depending if it’s a put option or a call
option
• This change in value affects DELTA (Δ)
Given: (CALL OPTION)
EP= 430
MP= 430
Risk Free Rate= .03 /yr (.015 per half a yr)
2 possible assumptions
• Price will fall to 322.5
• Price will rise to 573.33
�
S = Share price
U = upward price
D = downward price
Vu = S – U (Call)
Vd = S – D (Put)
U -‐> Vu
D -‐> Vd
S
573.33 -‐> 143.33
322.5-‐> 0
430
Given: (PUT OPTION)
EP= 430
MP= 430
Risk Free Rate= .03 /yr (.015 per half a yr)
2 possible assumptions
• Price will fall to 322.5
• Price will rise to 573.33
�
1. Replicating Portfolio
• CALL OPTION VALUATION (C)
i. 𝐶 = ∆𝑆−𝐵
ii. ∆ = !!! !!!!!
iii. 𝐵 = ∆ ! !!!!
573.33 -‐> 0
322.5-‐> 107.5
430
• PUT OPTION VALATION (P)
i. 𝑃 = ∆𝑆 − 𝐵 (1 + 𝑟)
ii. ∆ = !! ! !!!!!
* Delta is negative because you need to sell the
shares
* You exercise the put option when MP<EP that’s why
(Vu = 0, and not Vd = 0)
iii. 𝐵 = !∆ ! !!!!
2. Risk Neutral
• 𝐶/𝑃 = !!
• 𝑝 = !!!!!! ! !!
Sd = downward change
Su = upward change
• 𝐵 = 𝑝 𝑉! + (1 − 𝑝)(𝑉!)
Given: (CALL OPTION)
Expected Rate of Return of Google Stock = 1.5%
Google Stock can either rise by 33.33% to $573.33 or fall by 25% to
$322.50
𝑝 = 0.15 − (−0.25)0.3333 – −0.25
= 0.6857
𝐵 = 0.6857 143.33 + 1 − 0.6857 0 = 98.2813
𝐶 =98.28131.015
= 96.8288
Given: (PUT OPTION)
Expected Rate of Return of Google Stock = 1.5%
Google Stock can either rise by 33.33% to $573.33 or fall by 25% to
$322.50
𝑝 = 0.15 − (−0.25)0.3333 – −0.25
= 0.6857
𝐵 = 0.6857 0 + 1 − 0.6857 107.5 = 33.78725
𝑃 =33.787251.015
= 10.4623
3. PUT CALL PARTY
• Relationship between call and put option for a European
Option:
𝑃 = 𝐶 − 𝑆 + 𝑃𝑉 𝑋
P = value of put
C = value of call
S = stock/ share price
PV(X) = present value of EP
S = X
PV(X) = S/r
4. Black Scholes
• ONLY FOR EUROPEAN OPTION
• (what you get – what you give)
𝐵𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑘 𝑆𝑐ℎ𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 = 𝑆𝑁 𝑑! − 𝐾𝑒!!"𝑁(𝑑!)
N(d1) N(d2) = probability
K = Strike price
e-‐rt = discount factor
To get the probabilities (d1 and d2)
𝑑! = 𝑙𝑛!! ! !!!
!
! !
! ! 𝑑! = 𝑙𝑛
!! ! !!!
!
! !
! ! 𝑜𝑟 𝑑! − 𝜎 𝑡
𝐵𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑘 𝑆𝑐ℎ𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 = ∆𝑆 − 𝐵
Δ = N(d1)
S = share price
B = N(d2) × PV(EX)
N(d1) -‐> look for the value in the table after computation. N(d2) -‐> look for the value in the table after computation.