Atomic-Photonic Integration (A-PhI) Proposers’ Day 20180731... · 2018-08-07 · DISTRIBUTION...

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1 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Atomic-Photonic Integration (A-PhI) A-Φ Proposers’ Day Dr. John Burke Microsystems Technology Office (MTO) 1 August 2018

Transcript of Atomic-Photonic Integration (A-PhI) Proposers’ Day 20180731... · 2018-08-07 · DISTRIBUTION...

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Atomic-Photonic Integration (A-PhI)A-Φ

Proposers’ Day

Dr. John Burke

Microsystems Technology Office (MTO)

1 August 2018

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What is A-PhI?

source: www. euramet.org

560 µm

Supporting systems are very large, and

it’s often because of optics and vacuum

systems.

The atomic package necessary to utilize

atomic physics is small.

Atomic physics allows for accurate

and sensitive measurements.

A-PhI is a program that will allow the small size and accuracy of atomic physics to shine through photonic integrated circuits (PICs):

Atomic-Photonic Integration.

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Φ• Knowledge of materials• Familiar with process• Can replace optical train• Experienced designers

A• Knowledge of sources• Experience with measurement• Have testing facilities• Familiar with potential pitfalls

source: www.NIST.gov

Source: IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 2016, 22, 8300209

A marriage of atomic systems and photonics

A-ΦThe high accuracy of

atomic systems with the portability,

manufacturability, and robustness of photonic

integrated chips.

A marriage for the ages

source: flickr.com/photos/whinendine

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• Convert developed cooling & trapping geometry on PIC

A-PhI technical problem summary

Clock TA1

• Convert known trapping & cooling geometries to PIC

• Convert optical filters to PIC

Gyro TA2

• Architect atom physics trap with area enclosing geometry

• Demonstrate atom analog of IFOG

Generic diagram for atom-based quantum systems

A-PhI will develop the two critical layers of the new paradigm stack

1 cm

20 cm

source: UCSBsource: www.slsoptics.com

Future Work

source: Science 2013, 341, 1215

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Photonics requirements for clocks:Low-loss waveguides and optical frequency combs

• Similar data can be obtained for Yb, Sr+, Yb+• Optical power for the ions is lower but requires bluer lasers• Both neutral and ions will require optical frequency combs

Atom cooling 1 Atom cooling 2 Repump 1 Repump 2 Magic wavelength trap Clock transitionSr wavelength 460.9 689.3 707.2 679.3 813.4 698.4Sr linewidth 32 MHz 7.5 kHz ~MHz ~MHz ~1 mHzSr Power ~100 mW ~10 mW ~5 mW ~5 mW ~W ~10 mW

350 550 750 950 1150

Optical Clock TransitionsYb+

Sr+

Yb

Sr

SiN (n=2.02-2.07) 450 nm cutoff

Al2O3 (n= 1.76 - 1.83) 270 nm cutoff

SiO2 (n = 1.45 - 1.49) 280 nm cutoff

Rev Mod Phys , vol. 87, no. 2, pp. 637 - 701, 2015Boyd Thesis (2007)Bloom Thesis (2010)Campbell Thesis (2017)

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Fiber optic gyro (IFOG)

Trapped atom gyroscopes

Performance ∝ (# turns)∗(area)

Ω

Area15 cm

Area = 17,000 mm2

~10,000 turns

• Based on light wave interference• Light trapped in optical fiber

split

interference

Cold atom gyro

Trapped atom gyro

• Cold atom

• Looped path

~1 cm

Area = 40 mm2

1 “turn”

• Uses wave property of matter• Atoms have 1010 physics enhancement

A-PhI

source: Wikipedia

source: http://web.stanford.edu/group/kasevich/cgi-bin/wordpress/?page_id=11

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State-of-the-art timing

1.E-03

1.E+00

1.E+03

1.E+06

1.E+09

1.E-06 1.E-04 1.E-02 1.E+00 1.E+02 1.E+04Size [Liters]

♦ Quartz/MEMS

♦ Quartz/MEMS Atomic

Size (Liters)10-210-410-6 102 104100

10-3

109

106

103

100Tim

e to

1 n

s err

or (s

ec)

Silicon MEMS

TCXOOCXO

Trapped Atom

Cold Atom

MaserCs beam

SOA OCXOCSAC

ACES

Rb Osc

A-PhIYearMonth

Day

Hour

• Atoms – accuracy, atoms are identical

• Cooled – remove thermal noise

• Trapped – remove acceleration effects

• Optical – 105 higher sensitivity vs. RF

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State-of-the-art gyroscopes

1.000E-07

1.000E-06

1.000E-05

1.000E-04

1.000E-03

1.000E-02

1.000E-01

1.000E+001.00E-041.00E-031.00E-021.00E-011.00E+001.00E+011.00E+021.00E+031.00E+04

Angl

e Ra

ndom

Wal

k (d

eg/h

r1/2 )

Size (L)

10-7

100

10-2

10-1

10-3

10-4

10-5

10-6

10010-2 10-110-310-4 101 102 103 104

ADXRS646

HG1930

KVH1750

HG9900

HG1700

Free-space atom

RH-IFOG

A-PhI

Northrop HRG

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FY2019 FY2020 FY2021 FY2022

TA1Clock

TA2Gyro

FY2019 FY2020 FY2021 FY2022 FY2023

Breadboard clockPhotonic interface for trapped atom clock

Phase 118 months

Phase 218 months

Phase 312 months

Trapped atom gyro scaling & dynamics

Photonic interface for trapped atom gyro

Trap for atom gyro

Contracting

• Demo atom interface

• Demo low noise laser oscillator

• Demo clock

• Demo oscillator

• Demo 10 mm2 Sagnac interferometer

• Demo dynamic operation and refine Sagnac interferometer

Future Work:• Lasers and Electronics

miniaturization

• Environmental test

• Transition to other applications

• Demo Atom-PIC gyro

New BAA

A-PhI technical areas

Photonic interface to trap and interrogate atoms for gyroscope not part of Phase 1 or 2

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A-PhI TA-1 metrics and milestones

Notes are addressed in the full BAA.

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A-PhI TA-2 metrics and milestones

Phase 3 metrics are intended as a guide for performance metrics in Phases 1 and 2. Notes are addressed in the full BAA.

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Free-space optics are defined as: • Discrete optical elements, which

convert an unguided, free-propagating spatial mode of light to another free-propagating spatial mode.

• examples include, but are not limited to: lenses, mirrors, prisms, and polarizers.

Thin, planar-fabricated optics (e.g. meta-material lenses, micro-lens arrays, and gratings) may be excluded from the free-space optic count if they are easily integrable and significantly lower both the cost and complexity of the design.

Key notes

At the conclusion of Phase 1 performers will complete an analysis demonstrating that the technology is capable of achieving the Phase 2 program objectives.

The analysis will detail the proposed laser intensity and frequency for each laser beam, as a function of time through the clock measurement cycle, and this should match the demonstrations on the components.

source: Ealing

source: ThorLabs source: Edmund

source: Comar

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What we envision

Power conditioning, control electronics, and laser systems are not included in thephysics package. If the laser requires frequency narrowing external to the lasercavity, then the components required for the narrowing should be considered partof the A-PhI physics package. Proposals should identify the lasers that will be used.

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Technical Approach Guidance

TA1Although the development of a compact atomic clock is not a part of this solicitation, the goal of the program is to enable a system where all of the components are miniaturized. Therefore, the amenability of the proposed laser component to future miniaturization will be considered when evaluating the proposed solutions.

TA2The optical bench of the atom gyroscopes must be amenable to being replaced with a PIC device in subsequent research.

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Contribution to DARPA mission

Proposers should highlight the contribution of their proposed research to the DARPA mission.

Proposers should also describe previous efforts and their impact on DARPA’s mission and on U.S. National Security, as relevant.

A history of transitioning government-funded technologies to supporting national interests will impact scores positively, while transitioning government-funded technology or related technologies to foreign entities or through foreign influence will negatively impact evaluation scores.

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Submission timeline

Posting Date: 25 July 2018

Proposers’ Day: 1 August 2018

Abstract Due Date: 16 August 2018

FAQ Submission Deadline: 20 September 2018

Proposal Due Date: 27 September 2018

Estimated Period of Performance Start: March 2019

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Proposers’ day agenda

9:00 – 9:30 am Check-in

9:30 – 9:35 am Welcome – Security Brief

9:35 – 10:05 am Contract Management Brief

10:05 – 10:15 am MTO Overview

10:15 – 10:45 am A-PhI Overview

10:45 – 11:00 am Questions Submission / Break

11:00 am – 12:10 pm Teaming/Capabilities Presentations

12:10 – 12:50 pm Lunch

12:50 – 1:20 pm Answers to Questions

1:20 – 1:40 pm Poster Session Set-up

1:40 – 5:00 pm Poster Session

1:40 – 6:15 pm Sidebars with Program Manager

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www.darpa.mil