USING RESOURCE UTILIZATION FUNCTIONS (RUFs) TO ASSESS WILDLIFE-HABITAT RELATIONSHIPS
Assessing temporal variability in habitat quality for ... · Assessing temporal variability in...
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Assessing temporal variability
in habitat quality for vicuñas
Assessing temporal variability
in habitat quality for vicuñas.
Jerry Laker and Parivash LumsdonJerry Laker and Parivash Lumsdon
The VicuñaVicugna vicugnaOrder: Camelidae
Weight: 33 – 55 kg
Height: 0.75-1m to withers
Status: CITES App II
Fibre: 12-15 μm
Fleece weight: 0.2 kg
Altitude range: 3.5 – 5 km a.s.l.
Genetics: 2 subspecies
Vicugna vicugna mensalis Vicugna vicugna vicugna
What’s so special?The vicuña bears the highest quality natural textile fibre on earth
Vicuña distribution
and population
Sources: CONAF/DGB/CONACS/Cajal-Cabezas
Peru
Bolivia
Argentina
Chile
227,500180,10082,60014,500Total2,0001,60000Ecuador
16,90019,8008,000500Chile33,50022,1008,2001,000Argentina56,40033,8004,5003,000Bolivia118,700102,80061,90010,000Peru
2001199719811969
Tota
l vic
uña
in a
ltipl
ano
Population growth shows no sign of slowing….
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
19651970
19751980
19851990
19952000
2005
?
ParinacotaParinacota, , Northern ChileNorthern Chile
Vicuña population in Parinacota 1975-2003
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
Population growth rate by population
R2 = 0.551
-0.3000
-0.2000
-0.1000
0.0000
0.1000
0.2000
0.3000
0.4000
0.5000
0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000
Population size
Popu
latio
n gr
owth
rate
, r
Source: Bonacic, C., D. W. Macdonald, et al. (2002). "Density dependence in the camelid Vicugna vicugna: the recovery of a protected population in Chile." Oryx 2: 118-125.
Cria per female
y = 0.4056xR2 = 0.8975
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
N fem ales
N c
ria
1975Resurgence of vicuña populations following introduction of conservation measuresI region, Chile
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Total population
1975
Resurgence of vicuña populations following introduction of conservation measuresI region, Chile
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Total population
1976
1977
Resurgence of vicuña populations following introduction of conservation measuresI region, Chile
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Total population
1978
Resurgence of vicuña populations following introduction of conservation measuresI region, Chile
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Total population
1979
Resurgence of vicuña populations following introduction of conservation measuresI region, Chile
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Total population
1980
Resurgence of vicuña populations following introduction of conservation measuresI region, Chile
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Total population
1981
Resurgence of vicuña populations following introduction of conservation measuresI region, Chile
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Total population
1982
Resurgence of vicuña populations following introduction of conservation measuresI region, Chile
Total population
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
1983
Resurgence of vicuña populations following introduction of conservation measuresI region, Chile
Total population
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
1984
Resurgence of vicuña populations following introduction of conservation measuresI region, Chile
Total population
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
1985
Resurgence of vicuña populations following introduction of conservation measuresI region, Chile
Total population
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
1986
Resurgence of vicuña populations following introduction of conservation measuresI region, Chile
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Total population
1987
Resurgence of vicuña populations following introduction of conservation measuresI region, Chile
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Total population
1988
Resurgence of vicuña populations following introduction of conservation measuresI region, Chile
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Total population
1989
Resurgence of vicuña populations following introduction of conservation measuresI region, Chile
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Total population
1990
Resurgence of vicuña populations following introduction of conservation measuresI region, Chile
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Total population
1991
Resurgence of vicuña populations following introduction of conservation measuresI region, Chile
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Total population
1992
Resurgence of vicuña populations following introduction of conservation measuresI region, Chile
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Total population
1995
Resurgence of vicuña populations following introduction of conservation measuresI region, Chile
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Total population
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 260
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
Resurgence of vicuña populations following introduction of conservation measuresI region, Chile
1999
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 260
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
Resurgence of vicuña populations following introduction of conservation measuresI region, Chile
2001
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 260
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
Resurgence of vicuña populations following introduction of conservation measuresI region, Chile
2001
NDVI scale
Mean monthly rainfall
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Rai
nfal
l (m
m)
Total annual rainfall
050
100150200250300350400450
Caquena (North) Salar de Surire (South)
N
S
Monthly rainfall 1998-2004
050
100150200250300350400
Jan
May Sep Jan
May Sep Jan
May Sep Jan
May Sep Jan
May SepR
ainf
all (
mm
)
Mean greenness score per month
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
14.00
16.00
18.00
20.00
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
CasiriChivatamboContorineQuisiquisine
Vicuna census 1975-2003
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1996
2001
2003
CasiriChivatamboContorineQuisiquisine
Grazing intensity vs. greenness score
R2 = 0.3062
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Annual green production
Vicu
nas
+ do
mes
tic a
nim
als
per
km2
Mean greenness score per month
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Chuquiananta
Japocota
Angostura
Casiri
Taapaca
Jaillabe
Rinconada Caquena
Guane Guane
Japane
Las Cuevas
Pampa Chucuyo
Parinacota
Alto Socoroma
Ancocholloane
Queñuta
Chungara
Quisiquisine
Portezuelo Chapiquiña
Portezuelo Belén
Chivatambo
Churiguaylla
Catane
Vichuta
Japu
Marquez
Guallane
Contorine
Paquiza
Cross check to known vegetation types
This index relates to all green herbage, not
necessarily that selected by vicuñas.
Conclusions
Greenness score:Gives a convenient relative measure
of green biomass.
• Can identify year to year variations in herbage availability
• can be used to characterise areas in terms of their annual herbage production profile
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to thank the other members of the Proyecto MACS team.
In particular:
Jorge HerrerosCristian Bonacic,Alejandra Muñoz
Proyecto MACS receives funding from the European Commission INCO-DEV research programme:
ICA4-CT-2001-10044