A3 Problem Solving Report

Creation Date Proprietor

April 20, 2020 SAMA™

Figure 1: Contours of South African Matriculation Results

1. BACKGROUND and CURRENT SITUATION

2. EXPECTED SITUATION and PROBLEM STATEMENT

Figure 2: Matriculation Breakthrough Formula : y = f(x) + ε:

Copyright Reserved © SAMA™ 2020

3.1 Trend line of 64 pivot points from 1955 - 2019

3.1 Trend line of 24 pivot points from 1995 - 2019

3.2 The matriculation results’ trend line 1955 – 2019 and 1995 – 2019 pivot point shows that the 100%

pass rates may only be achieved in the years 2088 or 2037 respectively. This means a steady increase of 1.87 % is required to achieve the 100% pass rate target in 2030; in spite of all cause-and-effect of contextual factors cited in the latest research reports of the International Monetary Fund and Amnesty International Reports1,2

1 https://amnesty.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/FINALBrokenAndUnequal_FULLREPORTredu_compressed.pdf 2 https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WP/Issues/2019/03/01/Struggling-to-Make-the-Grade-A-Review-of-the-Causes-and-Consequences-of-the-Weak-

Outcomes-of-46644

3. PROBLEM STATEMENT PLAN

Steady increase of 0.8 % required every year for

24 years to 2037

4.1 Current, Expected and Gap 4.2 Matriculation Lean Breakthrough Formula

Y = f(X) + ε

4. GAP BETWEEN CURRENT AND EXPECTED SITUATION PLAN

Current Pass Rate

(2019) :81.3 %

Expected Pass Rate

(2030) :100 %

Gap Pass Rate (2020 -2030):

19.7 or

1.87 annual

increase

100 % Pass Rate

Voice of Customer

Critical Few Common Causes

(Eg Abseentism)

Chance Special Causes

(Eg Epidemics)

GAP

. 5.1 Reduce the Matriculation Breakthrough Triangle E by: 5.1 Set new target to 100% >> A – B [Matriculation Optimum Target Line] 5.2 Move Trend Line >> A – D [Matriculation Breakthrough Trend Line] 5.3 Move Trend Line >> C – F [Matriculation Deficiency Edge Line] 5.4 Move Point >> G – F [Matriculation Deficiency Edge Point]

5.2 Install both SAMA and Matriculator as the BACK PROPAGATION of the Complex Adaptive, Self-Organizing and Autopoietic System below: -

5. GOAL STATEMENT PLAN

6.1 SAMA Ishikawa Diagram

6.2 Pareto Graph for Prioritization and Implementability

Based on root-causes, countermeasures that MAKE or BREAK SAMA e-High School Project are: -

6. ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS PLAN

Root

Cause (Why)

Counter Measure (What)

Fea

sib

ility

(T

ime

and

Cos

t)

Specific Actions

(Where, When, How)

Eff

ecti

ven

ess

Ove

rall

A

ctio

n b

y W

ho

Val

ue

(R

and

/ Per

iod)

Methods

Social Learning Networking 2 SAMA back-office to daily monitor networking analytics for teachers and schools 5 10

Connectivism 1 Dissolve Cascading Phenomena in the network analytics 4 4

Manpower

SMT 1 Share and take decision learning engagements per learner per school 4 4

Parents 2 Monitor children effective / ineffective learning engagement patterns 3 6

Machines

Personal Devices 5 Acquire own Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) 4 20

School Desktop 5 Supply learners with computer Rooms with Desktop Computers 2 10

Materials

Data / Airtime 3 Zero rate access through the SAMA platform 1 3

LTSM and e-books 3 Provide e-books as part of digital artifacts integrated in each Lesson Plan 5 15

Place

Cyberspace 3 Reduce all analog mindset / tendencies among teachers, learners and parents 2 6

Personal Learning Environment 2 Install School and Life Study Digital Planner for all learner 5 10

People

District Office 2 Take decision on Between and Within subject, school and district analytics 3 6

Content Developers 4 Develop Lesson Plans and monitor learning in all 147 papers 5 20

Procedure

SAMA Logon 1 All leaners and authenticated individuals must create SAMA account 5 1

Matriculator Logon 1 All learners must complete the Matriculator Survey prior to subject selection 5 1

Policies

Schooling 2025 4 Train teachers in ICT skills 3 12

E-Learning Policy 1 Recognize SAMA as DBE e-High School 3 3

Surroundings

Transient Nebulous 2 Make learning environment portable and personalized 2 6

Secure, Home, School 3 Embody analog schooling into the Digital Learning Environment 1 3

System

SAMA 1 Follow SAMA logon procedures 4 4

Subject Performance System 1 Follow the Matriculator and Performance Improvement System 3 3

Suppliers

Schools 5 Suppler learners with other resources 1 5

ISP/SAMA 2 Negotiate Zero –Rating with ISPs i.e. Telkom, Vodacom, MTN 2 4

Skills

Study Skills 2 Teach generic study skills 4 8

MOOCs Skills 2 Teach course on How to be successful in a MOOC” on SAMA platform 5 10

Feasibility [1 – 5]

1. Low: Inexpensive and easy to implement 2. High: Expensive and Difficult to implement

Effectiveness [1 – 5]

1. Low: Not very effective 2. High: Very effective

7. COUNTERMEASURES TO REDUCE OF ELIMINATE THE ROOT CAUSE

8.1 Non-Conformances

COUNTERMEASURES MONTH 1

Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4

Personal Devices

Connectivism

Content Developers

Cyberspace

Data / Airtime

District Office

E-Learning Policy

ISP/SAMA

LTSM and e-books

Matriculator Logon

MOOCs Skills

Parents

Personal Learning Environment

SAMA

SAMA Logon

School Desktop

School Management Teat

Schooling 2025

Schools

Secure, Home, School

Social Learning Networking

Study Skills

Subject Performance System

Transient Nebulous

8. EFFECTIVE CONFIRMATION: MONITOR AND EVALUATE RESULTS

MONTH I

ACTION TAKEN DECISION TAKEN

AUTHENTICATED STAKEHOLDERS

Res

po

nsi

ble

Acc

ou

nta

ble

Co

nsu

lted

Info

rmed

Teachers Principals Districts MECs

A. Poka-Yoke / Error-Proofing (Jidoka)

⎯

⎯

B. Andon (Jidoka)

⎯

⎯

C. NEMAWASHI, KAIZEN and YOKOTAN (Jidoka)

⎯

⎯

⎯

D. MUDA (Waste) MURA (Unevenness) MURI (Overdoing)

⎯

⎯

⎯

E. STANDADIZATION and VIDUALIZATION

⎯

⎯

⎯

9. FOLLOW UP ACTION

1. Albliwi, S., Antony, J., Lim, S.A.H. and van der Wiele, T., 2014. Critical failure factors of Lean Six Sigma: a systematic literature review. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management.

2. Antony, J., Hilton, R.J. and Sohal, A., 2012. A conceptual model for the successful deployment of Lean Six Sigma. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management.

3. Bakar, F.A.A., Subari, K. and Daril, M.A.M., 2015. Critical success factors of Lean Six Sigma deployment: a current review. International Journal of Lean Six Sigma

4. Basu, R., 2004. Six-Sigma to operational excellence: role of tools and techniques. International Journal of Six Sigma and Competitive Advantage, 1(1), pp.44-64.

5. George, M.L., Maxey, J., Rowlands, D.T. and Upton, M., 2004. Lean six sigma pocket tool-book. McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing.

6. He, Z. and CHE, J.G., 2005. Lean Six Sigma, the Source of New Competitive Advantage [J]. Journal of Tianjin University (Social Sciences), 5.

7. Ho, S.L., 2006, June. Six Sigma and educational excellence. In 2006 IEEE International Conference on Management of Innovation and Technology (Vol. 2, pp. 743-747). IEEE.

8. Julien, D. and Holmshaw, P., 2012. Six Sigma in a low volume and complex environment. International Journal of Lean Six Sigma.

9. LeMahieu, P.G., Nordstrum, L.E. and Cudney, E.A., 2017. Six Sigma in education. Quality Assurance in Education.

10. Pavlović, D., Todorović, M., Mladenović, S. and Milosavljević, P., 2014. The role of quality methods in improving education process: Case study. Serbian Journal of Management, 9(2), pp.219-230.

11. Patil, V.H., Kamlapur, S.M. and Dhore, M.L., 2006, April. Six Sigma in education: to achieve overall excellence in the field of education. In Third International Conference on Information Technology: New Generations (ITNG'06) (pp. 2-5). IEEE.

12. Pepper, M.P. and Spedding, T.A., 2010. The evolution of lean Six Sigma. The International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 27(2), p.138.

13. Snee, R.D., 2010. Lean Six Sigma–getting better all the time. International Journal of Lean Six Sigma.

14. White paper for the transformation of the Public Service

15. National e-Strategy – Digital Society South Africa

16. Broken and Unequal – The State of Education in South Africa. Amnesty International,

17. Struggling to Make the Grade: A Review of the Causes and Consequences of the Weak Outcomes of South Africa’s Education System: International Monitory Fund (IMF).

18. National Development Plan: Diagnostic Review,

19. Action Plan to 2014: Towards the realization of Schooling 2025.

10. REFERENCE