A Chandra view to Exploding Stars SN2014J R. Margutti Harvard nothing.

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A Chandra view to Exploding Stars SN2014J R. Margutti Harvard nothing

Transcript of A Chandra view to Exploding Stars SN2014J R. Margutti Harvard nothing.

Page 1: A Chandra view to Exploding Stars SN2014J R. Margutti Harvard nothing.

A Chandra view to Exploding Stars

SN2014J

R. MarguttiHarvard

nothing

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Margutti +13, +14; Kamble +13; Soderberg +06, +10

Energy partitioning

SNe are an OPTICAL phenomenon1051 erg OPTICAL

1047 ergX-rays/Radio

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RADIATION from the REMNANT

X-rays from Supernovae

Log Time

Log Lx

< hr

SHOCK BREAK OUT(R exploding star)

Δt≈ 2msT≈250 keVE≈3 1041 erg Δt≈ hrs

(@ T0+5hrs)T≈ X-raysE≈1046-47 ergL~1044 erg/s

SHOCK INTERACTIONw. COMPANION

(R and distance of the companion)

Kasen +10

< several hrs

SHOCK/JET INTERACTION w. the MEDIUM

(mass-loss of the progenitor)

> 10 years

MASS-LOSS

PROGENITORS

SOURCE of ENERGY

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…BUT…

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RADIATION from the REMNANT

X-rays from Supernovae

Log Time

Log Lx

< hr

< several hrs

SHOCK/JET INTERACTION w. the MEDIUM

(mass-loss of the progenitor)

> 10 years

MASS-LOSS

SHOCK BREAK OUT(R exploding star)

Δt≈ 2msT≈250 keVE≈3 1041 erg Δt≈ hrs

(@ T0+5hrs)T≈ X-raysE≈1046-47 ergL~1044 erg/s

SHOCK INTERACTIONw. COMPANION

(R and distance of the companion)

Kasen +10

PROGENITORS SOURCE of ENERGY

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MASS-LOSSDirect probe of EVOLUTION,Indirect probe of PROGENITORS

SOURCE of ENERGY

Explosion Mechanism

Type Ia SNe, Type Iax , Type Ibc, Type IIb, Strongly interacting SNe, Relativistic SNe, GRB-SNe, Super-Luminous SNe

Type Ia

Relativistic SNe

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The PROBLEM

Progenitor System

“…The end is where we start from…”

The Little Gidding by T. S. Eliot

Type Ia SN explosion

?

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WD

Two possible answers

?Double Degenerate

(DD)

Single Degenerate(SD)

Exploding star

HIGH-density environment

DIRTY

LOW-density environment

CLEAN “Tra

ditio

nal”

way

of t

hink

ing

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Margutti +14

ρ =M•

4πR2vw@ R≈1016 cm

SD systems with STEADY mass-loss

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SD systems with STEADY mass-loss

Margutti +14

Ruled O

ut

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… “It’s black cats in dark rooms”… (S. Firenstein)

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Margutti +12; +14

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Mar

gutti

+12

; +14

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Mar

gutti

+14

… “Its black cats in dark rooms… and there may be no cat in the room” (S. Firenstein)

Symbiotic systems with stable mass-loss are ruled out

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MASS-LOSSType Ia

SOURCE of ENERGY

Relativistic SNe

Symbiotic systems with stable mass-

loss are ruled out

TAKE AWAY MESSAGES:

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Margutti+14

Radio

Rel SNe

Faint GRBs

In the Radio/optical relativistic SNe looks the same as faint GRBs

X-rays

Relativistic SNe are an intrinsically different class of explosions

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GRB Faint GRB Relativistic SN

Fully successful jet

break out

Barely successful

Barely failed

There is some good in every person

JetSN

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MASS-LOSSType Ia Symbiotic

systems with stable mass-

loss are ruled out

TAKE AWAY MESSAGES:

SOURCE of ENERGY

Relativistic SNe Jets might be ubiquitous

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X-rays from Supernovae

Log Time< few hr > 10 years

SHOCK BREAK OUT(R exploding star)

SHOCK INTERACTIONw. COMPANION

(R and distance of the companion)

SHOCK/JET INTERACTION w. the MEDIUM(mass-loss of the progenitor)

RADIATION from the REMNANT

(accreting BH, MAGNETAR)

Successful JET

PRESENT PAST FUTURE

Very early observations(DIFFICULT)

Faint(DIFFICULT)

RADIATION from the REMNANT in engine

driven SNe

10-100 days

Log Lx

COOLING ENVELOPE(R envelope)

ACCRETION onto the

progenitor

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SN1994I

SN2002ap

GRB/SNe

“Standard”, envelope stripped SN Ibc

Hydrogen-poorSuper Luminous SNe

(M<-21)(e.g. Gal-Yam 2012)

7x1043 erg/s

Super-Luminous SNe

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Super-Luminous SNe

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MASS-LOSSType Ia

SOURCE of ENERGY

Relativistic SNe

Symbiotic systems with stable mass-

loss are ruled out

TAKE AWAY MESSAGES:

Jets might be ubiquitous

Super-Lum I

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X-rays from Supernovae

Log Time< few hr > 10 years

SHOCK BREAK OUT(R exploding star)

SHOCK INTERACTIONw. COMPANION

(R and distance of the companion)

SHOCK/JET INTERACTION w. the MEDIUM(mass-loss of the progenitor)

RADIATION from the REMNANT

(accreting BH, MAGNETAR)

Successful JET

PRESENT PAST FUTURE

Very early observations(DIFFICULT)

Faint(DIFFICULT)

RADIATION from the REMNANT in engine

driven SNe

10-100 days

Log

Lx

COOLING ENVELOPE(R envelope)

ACCRETION onto the

progenitor

FUTURE

Thanks to the Chandra Team!!

MASS-LOSS

PROGENITORS

SOURCE of ENERGY

< hours

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BACK UP

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There is some good in every person

Barely successful jet break out

Consistent with hydrodynamical explosion (No need for a jet/engine)

Barely failed jet break out

Fully successful jet break out

JetSN

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Type Ia SN2014JHost Galaxy: M82, D=3.5 Mpc

Explosion image

Margutti +14Chandra X-ray images