. -

1

S

B

S.

= .S.1Weber (Wb) = 1T.m 2

S ( ).. - 2

S

B

B

( = 900) ( = 0)

=0

max = .S. - 3

, , = .

. -

4

;(FARADAY)

. -

5

1 19 .

. -

6

1820 ( Oersted - ) 1820 ( Oersted - ) . . 1822 ( Laplace - ) 1822 ( Laplace - ) . . 1827 () 1827 () Ohm Ohm 1831 ( Faraday - .) 1831 ( Faraday - .) 1833 ( Lenz ) 1833 ( Lenz ) . - 7

Michael Faraday (1791 1867)

. -

8

. -

9

. -

10

. -

11

Faraday

= - . t12

. -

( )

. -

13

Faraday

. -

14

Lenz

Heinrich Lenz (1804-1865)

. -

15

.

. -

16

. -

17

Lenz .

. -

18

S S

. -

19

Ohm Faraday

E I = R

E

= N t

I = N R .t. - 20

Neumann

. -

21

() t

Q = I .t

I = R .t

}

Q = R

.. - 22

Joseph Henry (1797-1878)

. -

23

. -

24

. -

25

1. . .

S

. -

26

1-2, . 1. : . . . . . . . Lenz. 2. . . . . Lenz : . . . Faraday.. - 27

3. .

.

, . (.) . , , Faraday. () . . () . , . (). - 28