• The ultimate goal of this work is to: 1) fabricate inexpensive MMSMAs in polycrystalline bulk form having large magnetic field‐induced actuation work output and significantly enhanced ductility using a powder metallurgy (PM) approach, and 2) fabricate open porous MMSMAs for the evaluation of their biological viability and potential as remotely controlled MMSMA morphing tissue scaffolds for in‐vitro osteogenesis.

• The intellectual merits of this transformative research are:– The potential to create an entirely new family of tissue scaffolds, i.e. meta‐

magnetic tissue scaffolds, from open porous MMSMAs that would allow far-field actuation for tissue growth in‐vitro & in‐vivo.

– The potential to revolutionize the field of SMAs and actuator materials by fertilizing completely new property landscapes and theories on magneto-thermo-mechanical coupling

– Improved MMSMA ductility and fracture toughness through unique processing techniques thereby making MMSMAs cheaper and more accessible for a multitude of applications.

• Research Highlights:– Completed cytotoxicity testing with a NiMnSn alloy analog which showed poor

biocompatibility due to Mn ion leaching.– Developed a passive layer-by-layer assembled electrolytic polymer coating

using crosslinked and uncrosslinked Poly[Acrylic Acid] (PAA) and Poly[Allylamine Hydrochloride] (PAH) for improved biocompatibility.

– Layer-by-layer assembly of a polymer coating improved cell viability during cytotoxicity testing with the uncrosslinked coating performing better than the crosslink coating. This was due to defects created in the coating during the thermally crosslinking process.

– More thermo-mechanical experiments have been conducted on samples with varying strut density. Tests suggested that increased strut density positively improves the fracture strength of the porous MMSMAs.

– Thermo-mechanical testing shows transformation regions with very small thermal hysteresis which is good for actuator applications. This is thought to be due to the complex stress state associated with the porous architecture.

– Developed a revolutionary area of research with our Japanese collaborators for MMSMAs that shows multiple forms of glassiness (spin glass and strain glass).

– Two articles with our Japanese collaborators were accepted for publication this year (5 total published) with two others being prepared for submission.

Materials World Network: U.S.-Japan Research Collaboration in Meta-Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys (MMSMAs) with Enhanced Ductility and Controlled Porosity

Ibrahim Karaman, Texas Engineering Experiment Station, DMR 0909170

Cytoxicity data showing that the uncoated NiMnSn samples (no-coat) have a higher death rate than the Sn, Ti and gel controls. It is also evident that the coated samples improved the cell viability with the uncrosslinked coating performing better than the

crosslinked.

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Optical image (left) showing the highly dense strut microstructure of the 50% porosity samples created using solid state replication and thermo-mechanical experiments (right) showing the sample’s very small thermal hysteresis during the reverse transformation.

300 μm

Collaboration Network

The Broader Impacts of this research are:• Help K-12 students develop science projects with MMSMAs• Development of teaching modules for incorporation into undergraduate courses• Enhanced graduate and undergraduate research experiences through REU students, IGERT program and international research experience.• Continued and new collaboration with international universities.• Involvement of underrepresented groups.• Disseminating the knowledge generated to both academia and industry through the workshops and symposiums on SMAs, presentations, publications.

Highlights:• Three graduate students (one American hispanic male, one

Columbian hispanic female and one American white male) and one undergraduate student (white American male from Texas A&M) are employed.

• Two articles with our Japanese collaborators were accepted for publication with two others being prepared for submission. (total of 5 published, 2 in review).

• Ongoing interaction with students from a local junior high and high school to conduct science projects in the PI’s lab.

• One graduate student volunteers with a local boy scout troop and has helped scouts by conducting structural analysis of eagle scout projects, such as bridges, so they meet design safety standards.

• One graduate student traveled to Tohoku University to conduct magneto-thermo-mechanical experiments using our collaborators high magnetic field laboratory.

• Two graduate students volunteered at and attended a winter school on computational materials science across scale held at Texas A&M University.

• Continued work with Tohoku University in Japan and Hacettepe University and Koc University in Turkey.

• The PI has been active in the ISWEEP Olympiad as judge and member of the organizing committee. I-SWEEEP is open to middle and high school students and is the largest science fair event of its kind world-widewith projects from 70 different countries competes in I-SWEEP (www.isweeep.org)

• Both the PI and Co-PI have been involved in recruitment activities at Minority Institutions.

Materials World Network: U.S.-Japan Research Collaboration in Meta-Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys (MMSMAs) with Enhanced Ductility and Controlled Porosity

Ibrahim Karaman, Texas Engineering Experiment Station, DMR 0909170

HACETTEPE

UNIVERSITY