. &

(1/2) :

(,R,L,C)

:

V

I

-+

Z

Z

Z

Z

K

. &

(2/2) :

:

Z

Z

Z Z

:

(1 , 2 )

ZZ

Z

Z

Z Z

ZK1

K2

. &

Kirchhoff (1/2) Kirchhoff ():

Z

Z

K

n

2

1

Z

Z

3

I1

In

I2

I3

i=0

n

I i=0

I 1I 2I 3..I n=0

n, n-1 ,

. &

Kirchhoff (2/2) Kirchhoff ():

i=0

n

V i=0

V 1V 2V 3V 4=0

n, n ,

V1

V4

Z

Z

Z Z

V2

V3

I1

I2

I1

I2K1

K2

:

. &

: ( ) :

( ) :

VI

R1 R2 Rn Rtotal

IV

Rtotal=R1R2..Rn

R1 R2 RnV

I

Rtotal

I

V

1Rtotal

= 1R11R2.. 1Rn

. &

Rosen-Kennely (1/2): - (Y-)

( )

Vab,Vbc,Vca a,Ib Ic

k

a

b c

Rb Rc

Ra

Ia

Ib Ic

a

b c

Rab Rca

Rbc

Ia

Ib Ic

() ()

. &

Rosen-Kennely (2/2) :

-:

Ra=RabRca

RabRbcRca,

Rc=RcaRbc

RabRbcRca

Rb=RabRbc

RabRbcRca

Rab=RaRbRbRcRcRa

RcRbc=

RaRbRbRcRcRaRa

Rca=RaRbRbRcRcRa

Rb

k

a

b c

Rb Rc

Ra

Ia

Ib Ic

a

b c

Rab Rca

Rbc

Ia

Ib Ic

Rab= Rbc= Rca = R : Ra= Rb= Rc = R :

Ra=Rb=Rc=R3 Rab=Rbc=Rca=3R

. &

(1/2): n

I

R1

R2

Rn

DC

V2

I :

Rtotal :

Rtotal=R1R2..Rn

I= ERtotal

R2 :

V 2= IR2 V 2=E

RtotalR2=

R2R1R2..Rn

E :

:

V i=Ri

k=1

n

Rk

E

. &

(2/2): o

V 2=R2

R1R2E

V 2=R2

R1R2R1R2RL

E

V2

R1

R2

E DC

IR1

R2

E

V2 RL

DC

I

. &

(1/2): n

, :

Rtotal :

V= IRtotal=I

G total= IG1G 2..GN

2=VR2=VG2

R2 :

R1 R2 Rn

1 n21

Rtotal= 1R1

1R2.. 1Rn

:

I 2= IG2

G1G2..GN

. &

(2/2):

(RL)

R1 R21 2 RL L

R1 R2//L1 2//L

I 2/ /L= IR1

R1R2/ /L= I

R1

R1R2R LR2RL

R2 RL :

. &

Wheatstone:

, ,

:

DC

I1

R1

R2

R3

R4I2

I3

I4

V

V1 V3

V2 V4

II 1= I 2

R1R2=

R3R4

I 3= I 4V=0 , :

: V0 ,

V=E[ R2R1R2 R4R3R4 ]

, , Rf

. &

. (1/2)

,

RA ,

RL

DC R

: :

:

I 0=RL

I= RLRA

: e=I o II 0

=RA

RLRA

. &

. (2/2)

RV ,

V :

V : :

V 0= IRL

V= I LRL

: e=V oVV 0

=I VI

:

I L= I I V

DC RL

RV

L

V

V

. &

R

v(t)

i(t) :

Watt (W) / (kW, MW, GW, mW )

(v(t) , i(t) ) Ohm :

p t =v t i t

P=V2

R= I 2R

DC R V