1

1 2004-2005Second Year Review(only Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Fluids & Electrolytes drugs have been updated)

2 AbacavirAntiretroviralNucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)

3 AcarboseOral hypoglycemicAlpha-glucosidase inhibitorInhibitor of intestinal glucose absorption

4 AcebutololSympatholyticβ1 adrenergic antagonistClass II antiarrhythmicAntihypertensiveAntianginalBronchoconstrictor

5 AcetazolamideDiureticCarbonic anhydrase inhibitor

6 AcetylcholineCholinomimeticAntigluacomaMuscle contraction (nicotinic receptor)

7 Activated charcoalAntidote

8 AdenosineAntiarrhythmicMiscellaneous(does not fit class I-IV organization)

9 Adrenocorticotropin(ACTH)Anterior pituitary hormoneAnticonvulsantStimulates synthesisand release of cortisol

2

10 AlbendazoleAntihelminthicTreatment of intestinal roundworms

11 AlbuterolSympathomimeticβ2 adrenergic agonistShort acting bronchodilatorUsed in asthma

12 AldosteroneAdrenocorticosteroidMineralocorticoid

13 AlendronateAnti-osteoporesisBisphosphonateInhibitor of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption

14 AlosetronIBS treatment5HT3 receptor antagonist

15 Aluminum hydroxideAntiulcerAntacid

16 AmikacinAminoglycoside antibioticBactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor30S ribosomeFreezes initiation

17 AmiloridePotassium sparing diureticSodium channel inhibitorAntihypertensive

18 AminoglutethimideAntineoplasticImmunosuppressiveGlucocorticoid antagonistAromatase inhibitor(decreases steroid synthesis)

19 Aminoglycosides

3

AntibioticsBactericidal protein synthesis inhibitors30S ribosomeFreeze initiation

20 AmiodaroneClass I/III antiarrhythmicNa+ and K+ channel blocker(inactivated channels)

21 AminophyllineBronchodilatorMethylxanthinePhosphodiesterase inhibitorUsed in asthma

22 AmlodipineAntihypertensiveCalcium channel blocker

23 AmoxicillinPenicillin antibioticCell wall synthesis inhibitorAntiulcerAmino penicillinInhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

24 AmphetamineIndirect sympathomimeticDrug of abuseADD treatmentStimulant

25 AmpicillinPenicillin antibioticCell wall synthesis inhibitorAmino penicillinInhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

26 Amphotericin BAntifungalPolyene antibioticBinds to ergosterol and alters permeabilitySystemic

27 Amyl nitriteVasodilator

4

AntianginalAerosol

28 AnastrozoleAntineoplasticAntiestrogenAromatase inhibitor

29 Angiotensin IIAutacoidVasoconstrictor

30 Anthraquinonescascara segrada, danthron, senna

Contact cathartics

31 Aprepitant dimenhydrinateAntiemeticNeurokinin 1 receptor antagonist

32 ArsenicalsTropical antiparasiticTreatment of African Trypanosomiasis in CNS

33 Aspart insulinHormoneInsulin analogueUltra short acting

34 AtenololSympatholyticβ1 adrenergic antagonistAntihypertensiveAntiarrhythmicAntianginalBronchoconstrictor

35 AtorvastatinAntihyperlipidemicHMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

36 AtropineAnticholinergicAntimuscarinicTreatment for bradycardia, diarrhea, cholinesterase poisoning

5

37 AzithromycinMacrolide antibioticBacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor50S ribosome Inhibits translocation

38 AztreonamNew β lactam antibioticMonobactam

39 BacitracinAntibioticCell wall synthesis inhibitorTopical, not a β lactam,Inhibits dephosphorylation of bactoprenol

40 BalsalazideNSAID (salicylate)Treatment of IBD

41 BeclomethasoneAdrenocorticosteroidGlucocorticoidAnti-inflammatory steroidInhaled

42 BenazoprilAntihypertensiveConverting enzyme inhibitor

43 Benzathine penicillin GPenicillin antibioticCell wall synthesis inhibitorInhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking Repository preparation

44 BetamethasoneAdrenocorticosteroidGlucocorticoidAnti-inflammatory steroidNot by inhalation

45 BetaxololSympatholyticβ1 adrenergic antagonistAntihypertensiveGlaucoma medication

6

Bronchoconstrictor

46 BethanecolCholinomimeticMuscarinic agonistInduces defecation and urinationBronchoconstrictor

47 BicalutamideAntiandrogenAndrogen receptor antagonist

48 BiltolterolSympathomimeticβ2 adrenergic agonistBronchodilator

49 BisacodylContact cathartic

50 Bismuth subsalicylateAntiulcerAntidiarrheal

51 BispropololSympatholyticβ adrenergic antagonistAntihypertensiveBronchoconstrictor

52 BretyliumSympatholyticClass III antiarrhythmicK+ channel blocker

53 BromocriptineAntiparkinsonDopamine (D2) agonistInhibits prolactin release

54 BudesonideAdrenocorticosteroidGlucocorticoidAnti-inflammatory steroidInhaled OR treatment of IBD

55 Bumetanide

7

Loop diureticNa+-K+-2Cl- transporter inhibitor

56 Calcium carbonateAntiulcerAntacid

57 CandesartanAntihypertensiveAngiotensin receptor blocker(ARB)

58 CaptoprilAntihypertensiveConverting enzyme inhibitor Heart failure treatmentAngioedema producer

59 CarbenicillinPenicillin antibioticCell wall synthesis inhibitorAnti-pseudomonal penicillinInhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

60 CarboprostOxytocic prostaglandinUterine stimulant

61 CarteololSympatholyticβ adrenergic antagonistAntihypertensiveBronchoconstrictor

62 Cascara sagradaContact catharticAnthraquinone derivative

63 CaspofunginEchinocandin antifungalBlocks synthesis of fungalβ (1,3)-d-glucan in the cell wall

64 Castor OilContact cathartic

65 Cefaclor

8

Cephalosporin antibioticCell wall synthesis inhibitor2nd generationOral

66 CefadroxilCephalosporin antibioticCell wall synthesis inhibitor1st generationOral

67 CefepimeCephalosporin antibioticCell wall synthesis inhibitor4th generationCSF penetration

68 CefotaximeCephalosporin antibioticCell wall synthesis inhibitor3rd generationCSF penetration

69 CefoxitinCephalosporin antibioticCell wall synthesis inhibitor2nd generation

70 CeftazidimeCephalosporin antibioticCell wall synthesis inhibitor3rd generation

71 CeftriaxoneCephalosporin antibioticCell wall synthesis inhibitor3rd generationCSF penetration

72 CefuroximeCephalosporin antibioticCell wall synthesis inhibitor2nd generationCSF penetration

73 CephalexinCephalosporin antibiotic

9

Cell wall synthesis inhibitor1st generationOral

74 CephalosporinsAntibioticsβ lactamCell wall synthesis inhibitorsInhibit cross-linking of peptidoglycan

75 CephalothinCephalosporin antibioticCell wall synthesis inhibitor1st generationOral

76 CetirizineAntihistamineH1 antagonistNon-sedating

77 CetrorelixGonadotropin releasing hormone antagonistSynthetic GnRH analogue

78 ChloramphenicolAntibioticBacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor50S ribosomeInhibits peptide bond formation

79 ChlorthalidoneThiazide-like diureticNa-Cl symporter inhibitorAntihypertensive

80 ChlorothiazideThiazide diureticNa-Cl symporter inhibitor

81 ChlorpheniramineClassical antihistamineH1 antagonist

82 ChlorpropamideOral hypoglycemicSulfonylurea

10

Insulinotropic

83 CholestyramineAntihyperlipidemicBile acid binding resin (BABR)

84 CimetidineAntihistamineAntiulcerH2 receptor antagonist

85 CiprofloxacinFluoroquinolone antibioticDNA replication inhibitorInhibits bacterial DNA gyrase

86 CisaprideProkinetic agent5HT4 agonist

87 ClarithromycinMacrolide antibioticBacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitorAntiulcer50S ribosomeInhibits translocation

88 Clavulanic acidβ-lactamase inhibitorCombined with antibacterials

89 ClindamycinAntibioticBacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor50S ribosomeAnaerobic infections

90 ClofibrateAntihyperlipidemicLipoprotein lipase activator

91 ClomiphenePartial estrogen agonistOvulation inducing agent

92 ClonidineSympatholytic

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α2 adrenergic agonistAntihypertensive

93 ClotrimazoleImidazole antifungalInhibits synthesis of ergosterolLanosterol 14α demethylase inhibitor

94 CloxacillinPenicillin antibioticCell wall synthesis inhibitorPenicillinase resistant penicillinInhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

95 ColestipolAntihyperlipidemicBile acid binding resin (BABR)

96 CorticosteroneAdrenocorticosteroidGlucocorticoid

97 Cortisol (Hydrocortisone)AdrenocorticosteroidGlucocorticoidAnti-inflammatory steroid

98 Corticotropin-releasing Hormone (CRH)Hypothalamic hormoneStimulates release of ACTHand β-endorphin from the anterior pituitary

99 Cromolyn sodiumMast cell stabilizerInhibits release ofmast cell mediatorsUsed prophylactically in asthma

100 CycloserineAntibioticCell wall synthesis inhibitorSecondary TB drugInhibits formation of Park nucleotide

101 DanthronContact catharticAnthraquinone derivative

12

102 DapsoneSulfone antibioticNucleic acid andprotein synthesis inhibitorInhibits dihydropteroate synthetaseLeprosy

103 DelavirdineAntiretroviralNon-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)

104 Desmopressin acetateSynthetic analogue ofarginine vasopressinUsed in treatment of bleeding disorders

105 DesogesterelProgestin19-nor testosterone analogueCombination oral contraceptive

106 DexamethasoneAdrenocorticosteroidGlucocorticoidAntineoplasticAntiemeticAnti-inflammatory steroidNot by inhalation

107 DiazoxideVasodilatorAntihypertensive

108 DidanosineAntiretroviralNucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)Dideoxyinosine (ddI)

109 DiethylcarbamazineAntihelminthicTreatment of intestinaland tissue roundworms

110 DiethylstilbestrolNonsteroidal estrogen

111 Digitalis

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Cardiac glycosideAntiarrhythmicNa+/K+ ATPase inhibitorPositive inotropeMiscellaneous

(does not fit class I-IV organization)

112 DigitoxinCardiac glycosideAntiarrhythmicNa+/K+ ATPase inhibitorPositive inotropeMiscellaneous

(does not fit class I-IV organization)

113 DigoxinCardiac glycosideAntiarrhythmicNa+/K+ ATPase inhibitorPositive inotropeMiscellaneous

(does not fit class I-IV organization)

114 DIG-specific antibody fragmentsAntidoteCardiac glycoside poisoning

115 DihydrotestosteroneAndrogenNatural male gonadal steroid

116 DiltiazemClass IV antiarrhythmicAntihypertensiveCa2+ channel blocker

117 DimenhydrinateAntihistamineAntiemeticH1 receptor antagonist

118 DiphenhydramineClassical antihistamineAntiemeticH1 antagonist

119 Diphenoxylate docusateAntidiarrheal

14

Opiate

120 DisopyramideClass I antiarrhythmicNa+ channel blocker(activated channels)

121 DobutamineSympathomimeticβ1 adrenergic agonistInotrope

122 DocusatesLubricating laxativesStool softeners

123 DofetilideClass III antiarrhythmicK+ channel blocker

124 DopamineSympathomimeticInotropeVasodilator

125 DoxazosinSympatholyticα1 adrenergic antagonistAntihypertensive

126 DoxycyclineTetracycline antibioticBacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor30S ribosomePrevents aminoacyl tRNA attachment

127 DronabinolAntiemeticCannabinoid

128 DroperidolAntiemeticD2 receptor antagonist

129 DutasterideAntiandrogenAndrogen synthesis inhibitor

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5α-reductase inhibitor

130 EcothiophateAnticholinesteraseVasodilatorBronchoconstrictorGlaucoma treatment

131 EdrophoniumAnticholinesteraseVasodilatorDiagnostic for myaesthenia gravisBronchoconstrictor

132 EfavirenzAntiretroviralNon-nucleoside reversetranscriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)

133 EnalaprilAntihypertensiveConverting enzyme inhibitorAngioedema producer

134 Enfuvirtide (T-20)AntiretroviralFusion inhibitor

135 EphedrineIndirect sympathomimeticVasoconstrictorBronchodilatorDecongestant

136 EpinephrineSympathomimeticα and β adrenergic agonistVasoconstrictorBronchodilator

137 EplerenoneAldosterone receptor antagonist

138 EprosartanAntihypertensiveAngiotensin receptor blocker(ARB)

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139 ErgonovineOxytocic ergot alkaloidUterine stimulant

140 ErythromycinMacrolide antibioticBacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor50S ribosomeInhibits translocation

141 EsmololSympatholyticβ1 adrenergic antagonistClass II AntiarrhythmicAntihypertensiveBronchoconstrictor

142 EstradermEstrogenTransdermal formulation

143 EstradiolEstrogenPrimary natural female gonadal steroid

144 EstriolEstrogenNatural female gonadal steroid

145 EstroneEstrogenNatural female gonadal steroid

146 Ethacrynic acidLoop diureticNa-K-2Cl symporter inhibitor

147 EthambutolAntibioticMajor drug for tuberculosis

148 Ethinyl estradiolEstrogenSynthetic female gonadal steroidCombination oral contraceptive

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149 EthionamideAntibioticSecondary drug for tuberculosis

150 Ethynodiol diacetateProgestin19-nor testosterone analogCombination oral contraceptive

151 EtidronateAnti-osteoporesisBisphosphonateInhibitor of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption

152 ExemestaneAntineoplasticAntiestrogenAromatase Inhibitor

153 EzitimibeAntihyperlipidemicCholesterol absorption inhibitor

154 FelodipineAntihypertensiveCalcium channel blocker

155 FenofibrateAntihyperlipidemicLipoprotein lipase activator

156 FexofenadineAntihistamineH1 antagonistNon-sedating

157 FinasterideAntiandrogenAndrogen synthesis inhibitor5α-reductase inhibitor

158 FlecainideClass I antiarrhythmicNa+ channel blocker

18

159 FluconazoleTriazole antifungalInhibits synthesis of ergosterol by inhibiting lanosterol 14α demethylase

160 FlucytosineAntifungalConverted by fungi to 5-fluorouracil faulty RNA and DNA synthesis

161 FludrocortisoneAdrenocorticosteroidMineralocorticoid

162 FlunisolideAdrenocorticosteroidGlucocorticoidAnti-inflammatory steroidInhaled

163 Fluorinated Quinolonesciprofloxacin, norfloxacin

AntibioticsDNA replication inhibitorsInhibit bacterial DNA gyrase

164 FlutamideAntiandrogenAntineoplasticAndrogen receptor antagonist

165 FluticasoneAdrenocorticosteroidGlucocorticoidAnti-inflammatory steroidInhaled

166 FluvastatinAntihyperlipidemicHMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor

167 Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)Anterior pituitary hormoneRegulator of gonadal function

168 FormoterolSympathomimetic

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β2 adrenergic agonistLong acting bronchodilator

169 FosinoprilAntihypertensiveConverting enzyme inhibitor

170 FulvestrantAntineoplasticAntiestrogenEstrogen receptor antagonist

171 FurosemideLoop diureticNa-K-2Cl symporter inhibitorAntihypertensive

172 GanirelixGonadotropin releasing hormone antagonistSynthetic GnRH analogue

173 GemfibrozilAntihyperlipidemicLipoprotein lipase activator

174 GentamicinAminoglycoside antibioticBactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor30S ribosomeFreezes initiation

175 Glargine insulinHormoneInsulin analogueLong acting

176 GlimepirideOral hypoglycemicSulfonylureaInsulinotropic

177 GlipizideOral hypoglycemicSulfonylureaInsulinotropic

178 Glucagon

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Pancreatic hormoneStimulates glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis

179 GlyburideOral hypoglycemicSulfonylureaInsulinotropic

180 GonadorelinGonadotropin releasing hormone(GnRH)Synthetic form of natural GnRHInsulinotropic

181 Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone (GnRH)Hypothalamic hormoneStimulates release of FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary

182 GoserelinAntineoplasticGonadotropin releasing hormone(GnRH) agonist

183 GranisetronAntiemetic5HT3 receptor antagonist

184 GriseofulvinAntifungalBinds to microtubules

185 Growth Hormone-releasing Hormone (GHRH)Hypothalamic hormoneStimulates release of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary

186 Growth HormoneSomatotropin(GH)Anterior pituitary hormoneStimulates insulin-like growth factor I release ( growth at open epiphyses), lipolysis and skeletal muscle growth

187 GuanabenzSympatholyticAntihypertensive

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188 GuanadrelSympatholyticAntihypertensive

189 GuanethidineSympatholyticAntihypertensive

190 GuanfacineSympatholyticα2 adrenergic agonistAntihypertensive

191 HistrelinGonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonistSynthetic GnRH analogue

192 Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)Placental hormoneStimulates ovarianprogesterone productionMaintains placentaOvulation inducing agent

193 HydralazineVasodilatorAntihypertensive

194 HydrochlorothiazideThiazide diureticNa-Cl symporter inhibitorAntihypertensive

195 HydrocortisoneAdrenocorticosteroidGlucocorticoidAnti-inflammatory steroid

196 HydroxyzineClassical antihistamineH1 antagonist

197 IbutilideClass III antiarrhythmicK+ channel blocker

22

198 Imipenem/CilastatinNew β lactam antibioticCilastatin inhibits akidney dipeptidase that inactivates imipenem

199 ImipramineIndirect sympathomimeticTricyclic antidepressant (TCA)Antimicturant

200 IndapamideThiazide-like diureticNa-Cl symporter inhibitorAntihypertensive

201 IndinavirAntiretroviralProtease inhibitor (PI)

202 IndomethacinNSAIDAnalgesic, Anti-inflammatory, AntipyreticCyclooxygenase inhibitorTocolyticUterine relaxant

203 InfliximabTNF inhibitorAnti-TNF monoclonal antibodyTreatment of IBD

204 IodideAntithyroidPrevents synthesis and release ofthyroid hormones(blocks iodine organification)Decreases hyperplasia

205 IodoquinolAntiparasiticTreatment of protozoal infections

206 IpecacEmetic

207 Ipratropium

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AnticholinergicAntimuscarinicInhaled bronchodilator

208 IrbesartanAntihypertensiveAngiotensin receptor blocker(ARB)

209 IsoetharineSympathomimeticβ adrenergic agonistBronchodilator

210 IsoniazidAntibioticInhibits biosynthesis of mycolic acidsMajor drug for tuberculosis

211 IsoproterenolSympathomimeticβ adrenergic agonistVasodilatorBronchodilator

212 Isosorbide dinitrateVenodilatorUsed to treat CHF

213 IsradipineAntihypertensiveCalcium channel blocker

214 ItraconazoleTriazole antifungalInhibits synthesis of ergosterol by inhibiting lanosterol 14α demethylase

215 IvermectinAntihelminthicTreatment of intestinaland tissue roundworms

216 KaolinAntidiarrheal

217 Ketoconazole

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Imidazole antifungalInhibits synthesis of ergosterol by inhibiting lanosterol 14α demethylase

218 LabetalolSympatholyticα and β adrenergic antagonistAntihypertensive

219 LactuloseSaline (osmotic) cathartic

220 LansoprazoleAntiulcerH+/K+ ATPase inhibitor

221 LamivudineAntiretroviralNucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)

222 Lente insulinHormoneInsulin analogueIntermediate acting

223 LetrozoleAntineoplasticAntiestrogenAromatase Inhibitor

224 LeuprolideAntineoplasticGonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist

225 LevobunololSympatholyticβ adrenergic antagonistAntihypertensiveBronchoconstrictor

226 LevodopaAntiparkinsonDopamine precursorInhibits growth hormone release

227 LevonorgestrelProgestin

25

19-nor testosterone analogueCombination oral contraceptive

228 Levothyroxine (T4)Thyroid hormone

229 LidocaineClass I antiarrhythmicLocal anaestheticNa+ channel blocker(activated and inactivated channels)

230 LinezolidOxazolidinone antibioticProtein synthesis inhibitor50S ribosomal subunit

231 Liothyronine (T3)Thyroid hormone

232 LisinoprilAntihypertensiveConverting enzyme inhibitorHeart failure treatmentAngioedema producer

233 Lispro insulinHormoneInsulin analogueUltra short acting

234 LoperamideAntidiarrhealOpiate

235 LosartanAntihypertensiveAngiotensin receptor blocker(ARB)

236 LoratidineAntihistamineH1 antagonistNon-sedating

237 LovastatinAntihyperlipidemic

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HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

238 Lutenizing hormone (LH)Anterior pituitary hormoneRegulator of gonadal function

239 LypressinAntidiuretic hormone analogue

240 Macrolideserythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin

AntibioticsBacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitors50S ribosome

241 Magnesium hydroxideAntiulcerSaline (osmotic) catharticAntacid

242 Magnesium sulfateCalcium antagonistTocolyticUterine relaxant

243 MalathionAnticholinesteraseVasodilatorBronchoconstrictor

244 MannitolOsmotic diuretic

245 MedroxyprogesteroneProgestinSynthetic progesterone analogueContraceptive

246 MenotropinHormoneGonadotropin Ovulation inducing agent

247 MebendazoleAntihelminthicTreatment of intestinal roundworms

27

248 MeclizineAntihistamineAntiemeticH1 receptor antagonist

249 Meglumine antimonateTropical antiparasiticOrganic antimonialTreatment of Leishmaniasis

250 MelarsoprolTropical antiparasiticTreatment of African Trypanosomiasis in CNS

251 Mesalamine(5-ASA)NSAID (salicylate)Treatment of IBD

252 MestranolEstrogenSynthetic female gonadal steroidCombination oral contraceptive

253 MetaproterenolSympathomimeticβ2 adrenergic agonistBronchodilatorUsed in asthma

254 MetforminOral hypoglycemicBiguanideHepatic gluconeogenesis inhibitor

255 MethacholineCholinomimeticBronchoconstrictor

256 MethenamineUrinary tract antisepticDecomposes to formaldehydein acidic environment

257 Methicillin

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Penicillin antibioticCell wall synthesis inhibitorPencillinase resistant penicillinInhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

258 MethimazolAntithyroidPrevents synthesis ofthyroid hormones(blocks iodine organification)

259 MethoxamineSympathomimeticα1 adrenergic agonistVasoconstrictor

260 MethydopaSympatholyticα2 adrenergic agonistAntihypertensive

261 MethylcelluloseBulk laxative

262 MethylphenidateIndirect sympathomimeticDrug of abuseADD treatmentStimulant

263 MethylprednisoloneAdrenocorticosteroidGlucocorticoidAnti-inflammatory steroidNot by inhalation

264 MethyltestosteroneAndrogenSynthetic oral

265 MetipranololSympatholyticβ adrenergic antagonistBronchoconstrictor

266 MetoclopramideProkinetic agent

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AntiemeticD2 antagonist

267 MetolazoneThiazide-like diureticNa-Cl symporter inhibitorAntihypertensive

268 MetoprololSympatholyticβ1 adrenergic antagonistAntihypertensiveHeart failure medicationBronchoconstrictor

269 MetronidazoleAntibioticAntiparasiticAntiulcerAnaerobesReduction leads to intermediatesthat damage DNA

270 MetyraponeGlucocorticoid antagonist

271 MexilitineClass I antiarrhythmicNa+ channel blocker(activated and inactivated channels)

272 MiconazoleImidazole antifungalInhibits synthesis of ergosterol by inhibiting lanosterol 14α demethylase

273 Mifepristone(RU-486)Progesterone antagonist

274 MiglitolOral hypoglycemicAlpha-glucosidase inhibitorInhibits intestinal glucose absorption

275 Mineral oilLubricating laxativeStool softener

30

276 MinocyclineTetracycline antibioticBacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor30S ribosomePrevents aminoacyl tRNA attachment

277 MinoxidilVasodilatorAntihypertensive

278 MisoprostolProstaglandinAntiulcer

279 MoeziprilAntihypertensiveConverting enzyme inhibitor

280 MontelukastLeukotriene inhibitorLTR1 and LTD4 antagonistAsthma treatment

281 MoricizineClass I antiarrhythmicNa+ channel blocker

282 NadololSympatholyticβ adrenergic antagonistAntihypertensive

283 NafarelinGonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist

284 NafcillinPenicillin antibioticCell wall synthesis inhibitorPenicillinase resistant penicillinInhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

285 Nalidixic acidUrinary tract antisepticQuinoloneInhibits bacterial DNA gyrase

31

286 NateglinideOral hypoglycemicMeglitinideInsulinotropic

287 NedocromilMast cell stabilizerInhibits release of mast cell mediatorsUsed prophylactically in asthma

288 NeomycinAminoglycoside antibioticBactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor30S ribosomeFreezes initiationTopical

289 NeostigmineAnticholinesteraseVasodilatorTreatment for myaesthenia gravisPromotes defecation and urinationBronchoconstrictor

290 NetilmicinAminoglycoside antibioticBactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor30S ribosomeFreezes initiation

291 NicardipineAntihypertensiveCalcium channel blocker

292 NicotineCholinomimeticDrug of abuseNicotinic receptor agonist(skeletal muscle contraction)

StimulantSmoking cessation medication

293 NevirapineAntiretroviralNon-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)

32

294 Nicotinic acidAntihyperlipidemicInhibition of VLDL secretion (?)

295 NifedipineAntihypertensiveAntianginalCalcium channel blocker

296 NifurtimoxTropical antiparasiticTreatment of South American Trypanosomiasis; Chagas disease

297 NisoldipineAntihypertensiveCalcium channel blocker

298 NitrendipineAntihypertensiveCalcium channel blocker

299 NitrofurantoinUrinary tract antisepticReduction leads to intermediates that damage DNA

300 NitroglycerineVenodilatorAntianginal

301 NitroprussideVasodilatorAntihypertensive

302 NorepinephrineSympathomimeticVasoconstrictor

303 NorethynodrelProgestin19-nor testosterone analogueCombination oral contraceptive

304 NorfloxacinFluoroquinolone antibioticDNA replication inhibitor

33

Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase

305 NorgestimateProgestin19-nor testosterone analogueCombination oral contraceptive

306 NorgestrelProgestin19-nor testosterone analogueCombination oral contraceptive

307 NPH insulinHormoneInsulin analogueIntermediate acting

308 NystatinAntifungalPolyene antibioticBinds to ergosterol & alters permeabilityTopical

309 OctreotideSomatostatin analoguePeptide hormone inhibitorDecreases growth hormone secretionDecreases gastric and pancreatic secretions

310 OlsalazineNSAID (salicylate)Treatment of IBD

311 Omeprazole/esomeprazoleAntiulcerH+/K+ ATPase inhibitor

312 OndansetronAntiemetic5HT3 receptor antagonist

313 Organic antimonialsTropical antiparasiticTreatment of Leishmaniasis

314 Oxacillin

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Penicillin antibioticCell wall synthesis inhibitorPencillinase resistant penicillinInhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

315 OxytetracyclineTetracycline antibioticBacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor30S ribosomePrevents aminoacyl tRNA attachment

316 OxytocinHypothalamic (posterior pituitary) hormoneUterine stimulant

317 PamidronateAnti-osteoporesisBisphosphonateInhibitor of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption

318 PantoprazoleAntiulcerH+/K+ ATPase inhibitor

319 Para-aminosalicylic acidAntibioticNucleic acid andprotein synthesis inhibitorInhibits dihydropteroate synthetaseSecondary TB drug

320 Parathyroid hormoneHormoneMaintains plasma Ca2+ concentrations

321 ParomomycinAntiparasiticAminoglycoside antibioticTreatment of protozoal infections

322 PectinAntidiarrheal

323 PenbutololSympatholyticβ adrenergic antagonistAntihypertensive

35

Bronchoconstrictor

324 Penicillinsβ lactam antibioticsCell wall synthesis inhibitorsInhibit cross-linking of peptidoglycan

325 Penicillin GPenicillin antibioticCell wall synthesis inhibitorAcid labileInhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

326 Penicillin VPenicillin antibioticCell wall synthesis inhibitorMore acid resistant than Penicillin GInhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

327 PerindoprilAntihypertensiveConverting enzyme inhibitor

328 PentamidineTropical antiparasiticTreatment of African Trypanosomiasis

329 PhenoxybenzamineSympatholyticα adrenergic antagonistAntihypertensive

330 PhentolamineSympatholyticα adrenergic antagonistAntihypertensive

331 PhenylephrineSympathomimeticα1 adrenergic agonistVasoconstrictorNasal decongestant

332 PhenylpropanolamineIndirect sympathomimeticNasal decongestantRemoved from market*

36

(may be in medicine cabinets!)

333 PhenytoinAnticonvulsantClass I antiarrhythmicNa+ channel blocker(inactivated channels)

334 PhysostigmineAnticholinesteraseBradycardicVasodilatorBronchoconstrictor

335 PilocarpineCholinomimeticMuscarinic agonistAntiglaucomaBronchoconstrictor

336 PindololSympatholyticβ adrenergic antagonistAntihypertensiveBronchoconstrictor

337 PiperacillinPenicillin antibioticCell wall synthesis inhibitorAnti-pseudomonal penicillinInhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

338 PioglitazoneOral hypoglycemicThiazolidinedioneInsulin sensitizer

339 PirbuterolSympathomimeticβ2 adrenergic agonistBronchodilator

340 Polyethylene glycol- electolyte solutionAntidoteCathartic

341 Polymyxin B

37

AntibioticDisrupts gram negative cell membraneBinds phosphatidylethanolamineBactericidal

342 PraziquantelAntihelminthicTreatment of trematode (fluke) and cestode (tapeworm) infections

343 PravastatinAntihyperlipidemicHMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

344 PrazosinSympatholyticα1 adrenergic antagonistAntihypertensive

345 PrednisoneAdrenocorticosteroidGlucocorticoidAntineoplasticAnti-inflammatoryNot by inhalation

346 ProbenecidUricosuricAdjunct in penicillin therapy

347 Procaine Penicillin GPenicillin antibioticCell wall synthesis inhibitorRepository preparationInhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

348 ProcarbazineAntineoplasticMiscellaneousProbably acts as alkylating agent

349 ProchlorperazineAntiemeticD2 receptor antagonistPhenothiazine

350 ProgesteroneProgestin

38

Natural female progestin

351 ProlactinAnterior pituitary hormoneRegulator of lactation

352 PromethazineClassical antihistamineAntipsychoticAntiemeticH1 antagonist

353 PropranololSympatholyticβ adrenergic antagonistClass II antiarrhythmicAntihypertensiveBronchoconstrictor

354 PropylthiouracilAntithyroidPrevents synthesis ofthyroid hormones(blocks iodine organification)

355 Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)Dinoprostone (Dinoprost)Oxytocic prostaglandinInflammatory mediatorCyclooxygenase product of arachidonate metabolismUterine stimulantCervical ripener

356 PseudoephedrineSympathomimeticα and β adrenergic agonistVasoconstrictorNasal decongestant

357 Pyrantel PamoateAntihelminthicTreatment of intestinal roundworms

358 PyrazinamideAntibioticMajor drug for tuberculosis

39

359 PyridostigmineAnticholinesteraseVasodilatorTreatment for myaesthenia gravisBronchoconstrictor

360 PyrimethamineAntimalarialProtein and nucleic acid synthesis inhibitorPlasmodial dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor

361 QuinaprilAntihypertensiveConverting enzyme inhibitor

362 QuinethazoneThiazide-like diureticNa-Cl symporter inhibitor

363 QuinidineAntimalarialProtein and nucleic acidsynthesis inhibitor

Class I antiarrhythmicIntercalates in DNABinds to ferriprotoporphyrinNa+ channel blocker

364 Quinopristin/DalfopristinStreptogramin antibioticProtein synthesis inhibitor50S ribosomal subunit

365 RabeprazoleAntiulcerH+/K+ ATPase inhibitor

366 Radioactive Iodide (131I)AntithyroidDestruction of thyroid parenchyma

367 RaloxifeneAntiestrogenSelective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)

40

368 RamiprilAntihypertensiveConverting enzyme inhibitor

369 RanitidineAntihistamineAntiulcerH2 receptor antagonist

370 RebamipideAntiulcer

371 Regular insulinInsulin analogShort acting preparation

372 RepaglinideOral hypoglycemicMeglitinideInsulinotropic

373 ReserpineSympatholyticAntihypertensive

374 RifampinAntibioticNucleic acid synthesis inhibitorInhibits DNA dependent RNA polymeraseMajor drug for TB

375 RitodrineSympathomimeticβ2 adrenergic agonistTocolyticUterine relaxant

376 RitonavirAntiretroviralProtease inhibitor (PI)

377 RosiglitazoneOral hypoglycemicThiazolidinedioneInsulin sensitizer

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378 SalmeterolSympathomimeticβ2 adrenergic agonistLong acting bronchodilator

379 SaquinavirAntiretroviralProtease inhibitor (PI)

380 SennaContact catharticAnthraquinone derivative

381 ScopolamineAnticholinergicAntiemeticMuscarinic receptor antagonist

382 SildenafilVasodilatorPhosphodiesterase-5 inhibitorPromotes erection

383 Silver sulfadiazineSulfonamide antibioticMicrobial nucleic acidand protein synthesis inhibitorInhibits dihydropteroate synthetaseTopical

384 SimethiconeAnti-flatulent

385 SimvastatinAntihyperlipidemicHMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

386 Sodium bicarbonateAntiulcerAntidoteAntacidAlkalinization of urine to treat drug toxicity (esp. barbiturates, salicylates, methanol)

387 Sodium phosphateSaline (osmotic) cathartic

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388 Sodium stibogluconateTropical antiparasiticOrganic antimonialTreatment of Leishmaniasis

389 SomatostatinSomatotropin Release-inhibiting Hormone (SRIH)Hypothalamic hormoneInhibits release of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary

390 SomatremGrowth hormone analogueStimulates insulin-like growth factor I release ( growth at open epiphyses), lipolysis and skeletal muscle growth

391 SomatropinGrowth hormone analogueStimulates insulin-like growth factor I release ( growth at open epiphyses), lipolysis and skeletal muscle growth

392 SotololClass II antiarrythmicSympatholyticβ adrenergic antagonist

393 SpectinomycinAntibioticBacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor30S ribosome

394 SpironolactonePotassium sparing diureticAntiandrogenAldosterone receptor antagonistAndrogen receptor antagonistTestosterone synthesis inhibitorAntihypertensiveHeart failure treatment

395 StreptomycinAminoglycoside antibioticBactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor30S ribosomeFreezes initiation

396 Succinylcholine

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ParalyticDepolarizing blockerParalyzes skeletal musclesBronchoconstrictor

397 SucralfateAntiulcer

398 SulfacetamideSulfonamide antibioticMicrobial nucleic acidand protein synthesis inhibitorInhibits dihydropteroate synthetaseTopical

399 SulfadoxineSulfonamide antibioticMicrobial nucleic acidand protein synthesis inhibitorDihydropteroate synthetase inhibitor

400 SulfamethoxazoleSulfonamide antibioticMicrobial nucleic acidand protein synthesis inhibitorInhibits dihydropteroate synthetase

401 SulfasalazineDisease modifyinganti-rheumatic drug (DMARD)Metabolized to sulfonamide+ salicylate (NSAID)Treatment of IBD

402 SulfisoxazoleSulfonamide antibioticNucleic acid andprotein synthesis inhibitorInhibits dihydropteroate synthetase

403 SulfonamidesAntibioticsNucleic acid andprotein synthesis inhibitorsInhibit dihydropteroate synthetase

404 Suramin

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Tropical antiparasiticTreatment of African Trypanosomiasis

405 TadalafilVasodilatorPhosphodiesterase-5 inhibitorPromotes erection

406 TamoxifenAntineoplasticAntiestrogenEstrogen receptor anatagonist

407 TegaserodIBS treatment5HT4 receptor agonist

408 TelmisartanAntihypertensiveAngiotensin receptor blocker(ARB)

409 TerazosinSympatholyticα1 adrenergic antagonistAntihypertensiveTreatment for benign prostatic hypertrophy

410 TerbinafineAllylamine antifungalInhibits ergosterol synthesis by inhibiting squalene epoxidase

411 TerbutalineSympathomimeticβ2 adrenergic agonistShort acting bronchodilator TocolyticUterine relaxant

412 TestosteroneAndrogenNatural male gonadal steroid

413 Testosterone cypionateAndrogenSynthetic depot formulation

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414 Testosterone enanthateAndrogenSynthetic depot formulation

415 Testosterone propionateAndrogenSynthetic depot formulation

416 TetracyclineAntibioticBacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitorAntiulcer30S ribosomePrevents aminoacyl tRNA attachment

417 TheophyllineBronchodilatorMethylxanthinePhosphodiesterase inhibitorUsed in asthma

418 ThiabendazoleAntihelminthicTreatment of intestinal roundworms

419 Thyrotropin-releasing Hormone (TRH)Hypothalamic hormoneStimulates release of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from the anterior pituitary

420 ThyrotropinThyroid-stimulating Hormone

(TSH)Anterior pituitary hormoneStimulates production of thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroglobulin

421 TicarcillinPenicillin antibioticCell wall synthesis inhibitorAnti-pseudomonal penicillinInhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking

422 TimololSympatholytic

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β adrenergic antagonistAntihypertensiveGlaucoma treatmentAnti-anginalBronchoconstrictor

423 TobramycinAminoglycoside antibioticBactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor30S ribosomeFreezes initiation

424 TocainideClass I antiarrhythmicNa+ channel blocker(activated channels)

425 TolbutamideOral hypoglycemicSulfonylureaInsulinotropic

426 ToremifeneEstrogen antagonistSelective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)

427 TosemideLoop diureticNa-K-2Cl symporter inhibitor

428 TrandoprilAntihypertensiveConverting enzyme inhibitor

429 TriamcinoloneAdrenocorticosteroidGlucocorticoidAnti-inflammatory steroidInhaled

430 TriamterenePotassium sparing diureticSodium channel inhibitorAntihypertensive

431 TrimethaphanSympatholytic

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AnticholinergicNicotinic antagonistAntihypertensive

432 TrimethoprimAntibioticProtein and nucleic acidsynthesis inhibitorInhibits bacterial dihydrofolate reductase

433 TripelennamineClassical antihistamineH1 antagonist

434 TyramineIndirect sympathomimeticVasoconstrictorVasopressor

435 Ultralente insulinHormoneInsulin analogueLong acting

436 ValsartanAntihypertensiveAngiotensin receptor blocker(ARB)

437 VancomycinAntibioticInhibits cell wall synthesisNot a β lactam

438 VardenafilVasodilatorPhosphodiesterase-5 inhibitorPromotes erection

439 Arginine vasopressin(Antidiuretic hormone; ADH)Hypothalamic (posterior pituitary) hormoneAntidiureticVasoconstrictor

440 Verapamil

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Class IV antiarrhythmicAntihypertensiveL-type Ca2+ channel blockerAntianginal

441 VoriconazoleTriazole antifungalInhibits synthesis of ergosterol by inhibiting lanosterol 14α demethylase

442 ZafirlukastLeukotriene inhibitorLTR1 and LTD4 antagonistAsthma treatment

443 ZalcitabineAntiretroviralNucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)Dideoxycytidine (ddC)

444 ZidovudineAntiretroviral Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)

445 ZileutonLeukotriene inhibitor5-lipoxygenase inhibitorUsed in asthma