Οδηγίες εγκατάστασης Ubuntu 10

: ,

2010

17:

1: ......

/ : Ubuntu 10.04 LTS/ LTSP

2011

:

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

:

:

2011 # 2 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

CCPL (Creative Commons Public License) : - - 3.0 .

:

(

, http://ts.sch.gr)

(

, http://www.cti.gr/ets)

(

, http://www.minedu.gov.gr), (

).

.

,

.

CCPL.

2011 # 3 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

1. 7 (quick setup guide).............................................10 2. LTSP thin & fat clients ...................12

2.1. thin client......................................................................................................12 2.1.1. thin clients...................................................13

2.2. ubuntu LTSP fat client..................................................................................14 2.3. sch-scripts...............................................................................................15 2.4. ................................................................................16

2.4.1. ...................................16 2.4.2. .......................................................................................................................17

3. Ubuntu LTSP .......................19 3.1. ...............................................................................19 3.2. thin client.....................................................20 3.3. fat client.......................................................20 3.4. & Ubuntu .........................................................................................20 3.5. .............................................22

3.5.1. : Gigabit...................22 3.5.2. : Gigabit..................22

3.6. Ubuntu thin clients....................................................................................................23 3.7. LTSP ..........................................................................................................................24

3.7.1. LTSP switch..............................25 3.7.2. LTSP switch ()....................25

4. ubuntu .........................27 5. Ubuntu..........................................................................32

5.1. ...................................................32 5.2. ..................................................................33 5.3. ..........................................................33 5.4. ......................................34 5.5. (Alt+F2)............................................................34 5.6. (gksu)..................................35 5.7. (gnome-terminal)............................................................36 5.8. Synaptic.........................................................37 5.9. ..............................................38 5.10. ........................................................................................39 5.11. MS-Windows...................................................39

2011 # 4 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

5.12. MS-Windows.....................................40 6. ............................................41

6.1. IP NetworkManager.........................................................41 6.2. ....................................................................43 6.3. ...............43 6.4. sch-scripts....................................................................44 6.5. ...............................................44

7. LTSP thin fat clients sch-scripts .................................................................................................46

7.1. Ubuntu server LTSP Server....46 7.1.1. thin clients....................................................47 7.1.2. fat clients......................................................47

7.2. LTSP .................................................50 7.2.1. lts.conf................................................................................51 7.2.2. ltsp-build-client.conf...........................................................52 7.2.3. dnsmasq.............................................................................56 7.2.4. fat clients................................................57 7.2.5. - fat clients......58

7.3. ............................................................61 7.3.1. ................................................62

8. sch-scripts..................................................................................64 8.1. .......................64 8.2. / ..................................................65

8.2.1. ..................................65 8.2.2. csv.................................................................66 8.2.3. csv.....................................................................66

8.3. .....................................................................................67 8.4. ......................................................71

9. ( ) Ubuntu (.list) sch-scripts...........72

9.1. (http://ts.sch.gr/repo) .........................................................................72 9.2. ubuntu-restricted-extras..................................................................74 9.3. Wine................................................................................................74 9.4. DNS Server.....................................................................................74 9.5. adblock plus....................................................................................74 9.6. Virtual Box.......................................................................................75 9.7. VLC Media Player ..........................................................................76 9.8. KolourPaint.....................................................................................77 9.9. Kturtle .............................................................................................78

2011 # 5 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

9.10. Scratch..........................................................................................78 9.11. kde-edu.......................................................79 9.12. Gcompris.......................................................................................80 9.13. ktuberling......................................................................................80 9.14. tuxmath.........................................................................................80 9.15. tuxpaint.........................................................................................80 9.16. tuxtype..........................................................................................80

10. LTSP (thin & fat)..................................................................82 10.1. ROM (PXE)................................................82 10.2. PXE........................................83

10.2.1. MS-Windows (ltsp-loader)...........................83 10.2.2. Ubuntu (grub-gpxe).....................................84 10.2.3. CD-ROM, Floppy, USB stick...................84

11. Ubuntu google maps...................................................87 12. .................................................................................................89

12.1. Squid..................................................89 12.2. Clamav.............................................................................89 12.3. Firefox ........................................................90 12.4. (gconf-editor)................................94 12.5. ..................................................................................................96 12.6. ........................................................97 12.7. ...............................................................97 12.8. .......................................................................98

13. ......................................................................................................99 13.1. hostnames ..................................99 13.2. IP ..................................................99 13.3. server..............................................100 13.4. .................................................................................................101

14. .......................................................................................102 15. Windows Ubuntu......................................105 16. .........................................................................107 17. CCPL.......................................................................................109

2011 # 6 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

1: ..................................................................12 2: Moore .........................................................24 3: Ubuntu switch......................25 4: Ubuntu switch.26 5: .................................................27 6: ext4....................................................................................28 7: .................................................................................29 8: ..............................................31 9: ...................................................................32 10: .............................................33 11: .................................................34 12: Synaptic.......................................................38 13: ubuntu...........................................................................39 14: IP Ubuntu .......................42 15: sch-scripts.........................................................................44 16: sch-scripts: .................45 17: sch-scripts ............................................................46 18: sch-scripts thin clients........................................47 19: sch-scripts fat clients..........................................48 20: sch-scripts fat client....................................48 21: sch-scripts fat clients...........................49 22: sch-scripts LTSP ..........................51 23: sch-scripts .............................................62 24: sch-scripts: ........................64 25: sch-scripts: - .......................................................65 26: sch-scripts ......................................................................................................................68 27: sch-scripts ltsp135 (, mac, ip, cpu, ram, vga)..68 28: sch-scripts ..............................................................................................................69 29: sch-scripts .........................................69 30: sch-scripts .............70 31: sch-scripts .................................................70 32: sch-scripts: ...............................................................71 33: ..............73 34: VirtualBox OSE................................................................................76 35: kolourpaint.....................................................................................77 36: kturtle............................................................................................78 37: scratch...........................................................................................79 38: BIOS: Boot Rom ..................................82 39: BIOS: Lan 1 .................................83 40: ltsp_loader............................................................84 41: gPXE: CD...................................................................................85 42: Ubuntu

2011 # 7 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

LTSP.....................................................................................................................................87 43: ClamAV ......................................................89 44: ...............................................................................................96

2011 # 8 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

() - : , 2010. ( ) Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP. scripts Linux ( ). thin & fat clients, , . sch-scripts. Ubuntu (.. , , ) ( http://ts.sch.gr/repo) thin clients, fat clients image . ( ) , ( thin client) ( fat client). MS-Windows ( ):

Ubuntu MS-Windows ( ).

MS-Windows ( ) ( )

MS-Windows ubuntu ( ).

2011 # 9 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

1. 7 (quick setup guide) Ubuntu LTSP Linux .

. Ubuntu LTSP, Ubuntu, . 7 1 1,5 sch-scripts.

1. http://www.ubuntu.com/desktop/get-ubuntu/download Desktop CD (CD-ROM).

2. CD-ROM Ubuntu ( 4)

13'

3. sch-scripts ( 6.3)

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ts.sch.grsudo apt-get updatesudo apt-get install sch-scripts

2' ( sch-scripts)

4. sch-scripts . sch-scripts . ( 6.5)

18' ( )

5. sch-scripts thin fat clients ( 7.1)

22' thin clients 62' fat clients ( fat clients WAN .

6. sch-scripts ( 8.1 8.2).

2011 # 10 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

2'.

7. ( 10)

5'.

thin fat clients . ~ 1 2 !!!. thin clients fat clients. (thin & fat) .

ADSL 2 Mbps . ( - nipiagogeio, dimotiko, gymnasio, lykeio, tee, dimotiko-extra, gymnasio-extra, lykeio-extra ) 4GBytes ADSL . (updates).

2011 # 11 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

2. LTSP thin & fat clients

2.1. thin client ( ) (, , ) . thin clients , (mainframe) (distributed). fat client .

thin client , (.. ) thin client (.. remote desktop ).

2011 # 12 / 114

1:

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

thin client ( ) LTSP. PCs network boot ( ) X11 (X-windows ) . Ubuntu Lucid Lynx 10.04.1.

2.1.1. thin clients :

(1 H/Y 10 ) (

) ( )

(

Ubuntu /) / (, ,

, ) (

thin clients ).

MS-Windows Server / MS-Windows PCs (SAMBA: Network Neighborhood, File/Print Sharing, rdesktop)

( MS-Windows rdesktop WINE)

thin clients /worms LTS (Long Term Support) 5 MS-Windows & Linux &

( ubuntu)

:

2011 # 13 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

Unix ( )

thin clients ISA LB, , , ISA . thin clients ( PCI express)

Single Point Of Failure ( 2 )

http://ts.sch.gr/repo MS-Windows ( MS-Windows Terminal Server ubuntu )

Unix

2.2. ubuntu LTSP fat client 10.04 Ubuntu 5.2 LTSP thin clients fat clients ( thin clients) ( fat clients) ( thin & fat LTSP clients).

( ) fat clients http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~ltsp-upstream/ltsp/ltsp-trunk/changes. fat clients ubuntu 10.04+.

: ltsp fat clients ( fat clients ) , . fat client (network boot), (log-on) ldm/ssh , thin clients, . home directory (/home) fat client sshfs nfs.

fat clients sch-scripts (. 2.3 sch-scripts).

RAM fat client fat clients .

2011 # 14 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

fat client ubuntu 10.04. (. 3.3 fat client)

2.3. sch-scripts sch-scripts scripts Ubuntu LTSP ( "" , , , & ). sch-scripts .

10.04 sch-scripts ubuntu 9.04 LTSP python & shell ubuntu .

10.04 sch-scripts : LTSP

ubuntu desktop CD LTSP ( proxyDHCP, NFS )

fat clients (wizard) .

: , , () , (thin/fat ltsp clients) .

.

.

.

.

: , , .

: ,

2011 # 15 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

, .

. ( ).

.

Ubuntu.

sch-scripts sch-devs https://launchpad.net/~sch- devs .

10.04 sch-scripts / http://ellak.gr/index.php?option=com_openwiki&Itemid=103&id=ellak:sch-scripts.

2.4. (repositories):

/.

, .. .

linux .

malware-free.

2.4.1. (http://ts.sch.gr) https://launchpad.net/~ts.sch.gr/+archive/ppa.

https://launchpad.net/ Canonical .

Launchpad, :

Ubuntu, LTSP (standalone ).

, sch-scripts gpxe gpxe-grub.

Ubuntu, freenx/neatx , scratch , geogebra, nanny

2011 # 16 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

/ , pdfshuffler PDF .

Ubuntu . LTSP clients, gnome-session thin clients , VLC media player , Ubuntu (dnsmasq, kompozer, sabayon, usermode, libxcb, italc, gtkhtml, chromium-browser ).

2.4.2. http://ts.sch.gr/repo ' ' , Ubuntu. ( linux ubuntu / debian ) Synaptic ( prism, adobe flash plugin, wine )

(sources) . sch-scripts.

debian-based :

1 ( 2009-2010) (..) .

2 ( 2010-2011) ' . :

. GPL (

). ..

2011 # 17 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

http://ts.sch.gr/repo. sch-scripts ( ).

' , .

:

cat /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ts.sch.gr-repo-stable.list

:

deb http://ts.sch.gr/repo stable main

:

deb http://ts.sch.gr/repo stable main non-free

2011 # 18 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

3. Ubuntu LTSP

3.1. LTSP . , , . thin clients .

RAM: 256 MB RAM 192 MB . 10 thin client 2 GB. RAM, 4 GB.

: , ( dual core) (quad core), , Adobe Flash Player Microsoft Windows Wine Virtualbox.

: . 20 GB . Serial Ata, Native Command Queueing 16 32MB Cache.

: , gigabit. , .

, PCI-e, (bandwidth) PCI bus PCI v2.3 32bit 33/66MHz PCI bus.

: . , ( Intel drivers).

3.6 .

, kernel Linux , .

2011 # 19 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

, drivers (kernel modules) ( 3.4 & Ubuntu ).

3.2. thin client LTSP . , RAM, ( nvidia) .

: 233 MHz 64 MB RAM.

: 500 MHz CPU 128 MB RAM. BIOS, (PXE).

3.3. fat client fat client ( RAM) Ubuntu 10.04.

: 1 GHz 512 MB RAM ( Ubuntu 10.04).

: 1 GHz 1 GB RAM. BIOS, (PXE).

( ) Ubuntu https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/SystemRequirements.

3.4. & Ubuntu thin/fat client Ubuntu :

http://www.ubuntu.com/desktop/get-ubuntu/download Desktop CD CD ( live CD).

CD-ROM. RAM RAM .

2011 # 20 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

controller , Alt+F2

gksu gparted

. , :

xvinfo

no adaptors present,

teacher@server:~$ xvinfoX-Video Extension version 2.2screen #0 no adaptors present

(acceleration) . thin client , , video (> 400Mbps). ' , 100Mbps ( ) network traffic shaping .

, . , .

2011 # 21 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

/ http://hardware4linux.info/search/ Ubuntu .

3.5. (640x272 24 fps) divx thin client 50 Mbps (720x576 25 fps) DVD 125 Mbps bandwidth thin client. / thin clients. Fast Ethernet ( 100 Mbps) LTSP thin & fat clients , Gigabit Ethernet ( 1000Mbps), Ubuntu (switch).

3.5.1. : Gigabit gigabit, gigabit (switch) gigabit . gigabit gigabit 7 25 gigabit (switch) 40 200 , bus , leds . .

3.5.2. : Gigabit switch gigabit 100 Mbps. server gigabit (gigabit) switch. , clients Fast Ethernet (100 Mbps), , . , 10 clients 100 Mbps, gigabit. , DVD 5 (5x125 Mbps), gigabit , (dropped frames) 100 Mbps.

gigabit, : ethernet flow control server switch, bandwidth 100 Mbps 1 Gigabit!

flow control switch, switch , server (driver) ethtool flow control.

2011 # 22 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

realtek ( ), intel broadcom .

ethtool

gymeleou@server:~$ sudo ethtool -a eth0 Pause parameters for eth0: Cannot get device pause settings: Operation not supported

flow control sch-scripts, driver .

3.6. Ubuntu thin clients Ubuntu (2007 /) Intel Core 2 Duo 2.13 GHz (E6400), 2 GB RAM 16 port gigabit nonblocking switch, 10 thin clients Ubuntu 7.04/7.10. 10 , :

thin client

OpenOffice.Org 10+Gimp/TuxPaint 10+

Mozilla Firefox (1 tab) 10Mozilla Firefox (3 tabs) 07 CPU 100%

YouTube 10GoogleEarth 07 CPU 100%

Rythmbox 10+Totem (MP3 128-192Kbps) 10+Totem (MPG1, WMV, MP4) 10 CPU & Network 100%

Totem DVD Video 08 CPU 100%Wine + MS Office 2003 04 CPU 100%

Wine + Sketchpad 04 CPU 100%Wine + . 03 CPU 100%

2011 # 23 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

CPU ( thin clients ~10) 2007 Moore (. 2: Moore ), 10 thin clients.

3.7. LTSP LTSP

2011 # 24 / 114

2: Moore

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

. 1 LTSP switch Ubuntu 2 LTSP switch . 2 LTSP switch ().

, LTSP server.

3.7.1. LTSP switch switch, LTSP PC . Linux server , switch. LTSP Ubuntu / LTSP, .

10.04 .

3: Ubuntu switch

3.7.2. LTSP switch () PC switch, , , switches. server (, bonding, ).

2011 # 25 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

(MS-Windows Server & Ubuntu) thin clients ( ) ( ), IP . , (switch ).

switch, . switch 16 10 15 , ( switches uplink, ) switch ( ).

2011 # 26 / 114

4: Ubuntu switch

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

4. ubuntu , :

http://www.ubuntu.com/desktop/get-ubuntu/download Desktop CD .

CD : CD .iso , burn image ( .iso) .

network id 10.x.y.0 . x y , helpdesk .

server Ubuntu CD.

switch , router.

:

1. CD . Enter.

interface. (system locale ), interface , . Ubuntu 10.04.1 LTS

2011 # 27 / 114

5:

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

2. 3. .4. ( ).5. , . . 6. 7. , 25 Gb. , . / .

8. /home swap ( swap partition : ), . .

2011 # 28 / 114

6: ext4

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

, , .

2 primary ext4 partitions Linux, 15 - 50 Gb. : Linux, , backup boot manager, , . Linux: partition backup .

1 ext4 partition , /home. , logical, , primary .

1 swap partition 1.5 2 RAM. logical .

Windows (dual boot), primary ntfs partition Windows,

ntfs partition

2011 # 29 / 114

7:

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

Windows, logical.

Primary 1 Primary 2 Primary 3Extended partition

Logical 1 Logical 2 Logical 320%

40 Gb ntfsWindows

2008

15%30 Gb ext4

Ubuntu Lucid(

)

15%30 Gb ext4

Ubuntu Hardy(backup

)

25%

50 Gb ntfsWindows

\Users

22%45 Gb ext4Linux /home

3%5 Gb swap Linux swap

1: 200 Gb dual boot Linux / Windows

1 :

Primary 1 Primary 2 Primary 3 Primary 430%

60 Gb ntfsWindows 2003

( )

20%40 Gb ext4

Ubuntu Hardy(backup

)

40%

80 Gb ext4Linux /home

10%

20 Gb ntfs(backup of Windows

\Users?)

2 :

Primary 1 Primary 2 Primary 3 Primary 430%

60 Gb ntfsWindows 2003

(backup )

20%40 Gb ext4

Ubuntu Lucid(

)

47%95 Gb ntfs

Windows \Users(& backup of

Linux /home?)

3%

5 Gb swapLinux swap

2: 200 Gb dual boot Linux / Windows, ... backups

dual boot MS-Wndows ubuntu.

9. , Teacher . teacher . . . server. LTSP thin fat clients server . server

2011 # 30 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

. ' .

10. . , 10, LTSP (thin & fat).

2011 # 31 / 114

8:

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

5. Ubuntu , . " Ubuntu 10.04" : http://ubuntu-manual.org/?lang=el

Ubuntu .

5.1. , Ubuntu:

.

2011 # 32 / 114

9:

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

5.2. , . ,

:

10:

5.3. Linux : . , , (. 5.8. Synaptic)., , OpenOffice, Adobe flash player, Gimp . .

2011 # 33 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

11:

, .

, .

5.4. , , , . Windows , User Account Control (UAC).

5.5. (Alt+F2) (command line),

2011 # 34 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

. , Alt+F2. . :

gedit /usr/lib/firefox-*/defaults/profile/prefs.js

, firefox . ( / ) :

. , /usr/lib/firefox-

3.6.13/defaults/profile/. firefox-3.6.13 ,

firefox. prefs.js

Alt+F2:

( ).

... . ...

.

5.6. (gksu) prefs.js , . Linux , /home/user, /tmp. , , (root):

gksu gedit /usr/lib/firefox-*/defaults/profile/prefs.js

gksu gedit root. gedit, . gksu, , :

2011 # 35 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

gksu

, nautilus , . , .

5.7. (gnome-terminal) , , , . , . , . , , / - . gnome-terminal, Ctrl+Shift+V. # . :

pwd

:

ls

, :

ls -lha

:

cd /home

:

cd ~

/ . cd , , cd , tab. :

cd \

:

ln -s ~/ " "

2011 # 36 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

, ( ). :

rm " "

gksu sudo, / . . , :

for f in /home/*/\ do sudo ln -s ~/ "$f/ "done

. .

. , .

, :

for f in /home/*/\ do sudo rm "$f/ "done

5.8. Synaptic 5.3. , Linux . , Synaptic Package Manager. , .

Synaptic , Synaptic.

tuxmath tuxpaint. Synaptic, . tuxm ( , ), tuxm:

2011 # 37 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

12: Synaptic quick search . tuxmath. , . () . , tuxpaint , . . , .

5.9. Ubuntu , ( ), .

2011 # 38 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

. Synaptic .

5.10. . , .

, . , , LDAP, Samba, Firewall, Apache, PHP, Squid, MySQL, FTP, Mail server .

5.11. MS-Windows Ubuntu Server ( thin clients ) MS-Windows. :

Ubuntu :

2011 # 39 / 114

13: ubuntu

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

1. (remote desktop) MS-Windows MS-Windows Server RDP. (. 13.4. ).

2. & MS-Windows SAMBA client.

MS-Windows :1. Ubuntu Server

VNC ( ) (. 8.4 ).

2. Ubuntu Server ssh.

3. & ubuntu SAMBA ( SAMBA Ubuntu).

5.12. MS-Windows MS-Windows. :

1. MS-Windows (. 5.11. MS-Windows)

MS-Windows MS-Windows Server MS-Windows Terminal Services ( Terminal server 120 ).

2. WINE Ubuntu ( MS-Windows ) (. 9.3. Wine).

3. MS-Windows MS-Windows 7/Vista/XP/2000 (virtual machine) ubuntu . Virtual Box Synaptic Package Manager (. 9.6 Virtual Box) RAM ubuntu ( 2GB) RAM .

( Terminal Services MS-Windows MS-Windows 7/Vista/XP/2000 rdp ) ( ).

2011 # 40 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

6. , .

6.1. IP NetworkManager, , LTSP server IP ( DHCP).

IPs 10.x.y.0 10.x.y.127. 10.x.y.1 10.x.y.10 & 10.x.y.11 server NAT . Windows server IP 10.x.y.10 10.x.y.11.

IP ( LTSP thin fat clients) : LTSP server proxy server (. 12.1 Squid), DNS server (. 9.4 DNSServer), print server, samba server (.. Windows clients, file server) .

Ubuntu DHCP

, NetworkManager, , :

IP , NetworkManager . , .

2011 # 41 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

, eth0: . 2 , MAC , , eth0. IPv4, : , ( 10.50.40.11), 255.255.255.0, ( 10.50.40.1).

IP Enter

/ DNS, .

, . , Authenticate.

Network Manager ., , Auto eth0 Ethernet, .

2011 # 42 / 114

14: IP Ubuntu

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

IP NetworkManager server , .

6.2. CD , . , , .

- -, - - .

Run this action now Install.

, . Log out.

, System Administration Language Support.

6.3.

sch-scripts (. 2.4.1 ).

. :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ts.sch.grsudo apt-get update

2011 # 43 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

6.4. sch-scripts

sch-scripts ubuntu (. 6.3)

sch-scripts .

sudo apt-get install sch-scripts

sch-scripts .

6.5.

, thin clients.

sch-scripts, , .

( # ) ( # )

:

2011 # 44 / 114

15: sch-scripts

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

sch-scripts , .

GB . (. 7.1.2 fat clients), cache .

. . .

2011 # 45 / 114

16: sch-scripts:

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

7. LTSP thin fat clients sch-scripts

7.1. Ubuntu server LTSP Server clients (thin fat) .

1. sch-scripts

2. (/etc/ltsp/ltsp-build-client.conf) .

.

2011 # 46 / 114

17: sch-scripts

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

7.1.1. thin clients , thin clients. .

thin clients , thin clients . , thin clients .

fat client thin clients .

7.1.2. fat clients (

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

2. Ubuntu. :

Ubuntu: Gnome (). .

Edubuntu: Gnome .

Kubuntu: KDE, .

Xubuntu: XFCE, .

Lubuntu: LXDE, .

2011 # 48 / 114

19: sch-scripts fat clients

20: sch-scripts fat client

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

3. fat clients. , .

( # ) ( # ) , , (. 7.2.5 - fat clients).

fat clients. thin clients , 6.5, .

. . .

4. .

2011 # 49 / 114

21: sch-scripts fat clients

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

script /etc/ltsp/ltsp-build-client.conf. .

(>5 GB) , .

7.2. LTSP LTSP ( LTSP ) .

1 . 8 sch-scripts

sch-scripts ( , , , , ltsp-build-client.conf, lts.conf, dnsmasq .

2011 # 50 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

7.2.1. lts.conf

1 . , .

lts.conf . , . thin fat ( fat client thin).

lts.conf.

# lts.conf Ubuntu/LTSP .# /var/lib/tftpboot/ltsp/i386/lts.conf.# / .# lts.conf, :# man lts.conf

# sch-scripts LTSP lts.conf# .# , LDM_DIRECTX False Ubuntu, sch-scripts # /opt/ltsp/i386/usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/010-sch-client-defaults.

[Default]# . Alt+Ctrl+F2 .# SCREEN_02=shell# SCREEN_07=ldm

# fat clients DNS server.# sch-scripts # "$SERVER 194.63.238.4 208.67.222.222", LTSP server, nic.sch.gr

2011 # 51 / 114

22: sch-scripts LTSP

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

# opendns server. # . , .# DNS_SERVER="${DNS_SERVER}"

# :# XRANDR_MODE_0=1024x768# XRANDR_RATE_0=85# , # 640x480, .# .# X_HORZSYNC=30.0-88.0 # X_VERTREFRESH=50.0-86.0# (.. xrandr), :# X_MODE_0=1024x768# 16bit thin clients , # Nvidia 24:# X_COLOR_DEPTH=16# X server:# XSERVER=vesa

# numlock .# numlockx chroot.# X_NUMLOCK=True

# :# XKBLAYOUT="us,gr" # XKBOPTIONS="grp:alt_shift_toggle,lv3:ralt_switch,grp_led:scroll" # XKBVARIANT=","

# thin clients.# SOUND=False# usb sticks/cd roms thin clients.# LOCALDEV=False# thin clients.# .# LOCALDEV_DENY_INTERNAL_DISKS=False

# " " .# LDM_USERNAME/LDM_PASSWORD.# LDM_GUESTLOGIN=True# .# LDM_AUTOLOGIN=True

# [Default] , # . # :

LDM_SSHOPTIONS="-o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o CheckHostIP=no -o LogLevel=silent"

# mac address:#[00:50:FC:98:CC:31]# HOSTNAME=client101

# IP :#[10.160.31.103]# LDM_AUTOLOGIN LDM_GUESTLOGIN,# .# , HOSTNAME .# LDM_USERNAME=user101# LDM_PASSWORD=pass101

# DNS :#[client103]# LTSP_FATCLIENT=False

7.2.2. ltsp-build-client.conf

1 . , .

2011 # 52 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

ltsp-build-client.conf . thin fat client, , ..

fat client, (fat thin) lts.conf. , 300 MB RAM fat, thin.

.

# =============================================================================# # ltsp-build-client, (chroot)# thin fat clients.# shell.# , # .# =============================================================================

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# chroot, clients. # server, 32bit .# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------ARCH=i386

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# clients.# (=), # , clients thin.# , # , # SCH_PACKAGE_LISTS .# clients 64 500 MB RAM, # thin clients.# clients 500 MB RAM, # fat clients.# thin fat clients# LTSP_FATCLIENT=True False lts.conf mac address# client. ' thin clients# 128 RAM, fat chroot # thin chroot 64 MB RAM.## FAT CLIENTS, THIN:# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------#FAT_CLIENT_DESKTOPS="ubuntu-desktop"

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# # fat clients FAT_CLIENT_DESKTOPS .# (ed)ubuntu-desktop # , openoffice firefox, # .# , # # gksu gedit /etc/sch-scripts/koina.list# , # ( , ).# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------PACKAGE_LISTS=" /etc/sch-scripts/koina.list /etc/sch-scripts/dimotiko.list /etc/sch-scripts/gymnasio.list /etc/sch-scripts/lykeio.list"

# =============================================================================

2011 # 53 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

# , # .# =============================================================================

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# thin clients,# FAT_CLIENT_DESKTOPS .# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------THIN_CLIENT_PACKAGES=" sch-client ethtool iperf gparted"

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# # . , # edubuntu-desktop, # , Ubuntu.# , # edubuntu, :# aisleriot, gnome-mahjongg, gnome-sudoku, gnomine# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------BLACKLISTED_PACKAGES=" edubuntu-artwork gnome-icon-theme-gartoon"

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# DEBCONF_SEEDS # , # . # debconf preseeding.# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------DEBCONF_SEEDS=" /etc/sch-scripts/debconf.seeds"

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# .# , # .# PPA, # ticket http://helpdesk.sch.gr ts.sch.gr/ppa.# VirtualBox Google Chrome # virtualbox-ose chromium-browser. # , EXTRA_MIRROR :# http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian $DIST non-free# http://dl.google.com/linux/deb/ stable mainEXTRA_MIRROR=" http://ts.sch.gr/repo stable main non-free http://ppa.launchpad.net/ts.sch.gr/ppa/ubuntu $DIST main http://packages.medibuntu.org/ $DIST free non-free"

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# Linux ,# beta testing # .# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# EARLY_MIRROR="http://ppa.launchpad.net/ts.sch.gr/proposed/ubuntu $DIST main"

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# , # . .# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------APT_KEYS=" /usr/share/sch-scripts/apt-keys/ts.sch.gr-ppa.asc /usr/share/sch-scripts/apt-keys/ts.sch.gr-repo.asc /usr/share/sch-scripts/apt-keys/medibuntu.asc /usr/share/sch-scripts/apt-keys/virtualbox.asc /usr/share/sch-scripts/apt-keys/google-chrome.asc

2011 # 54 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

"

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# # root clients. .# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# ROOTPASS="prompt"

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# .deb server.# # Internet, server,# ltsp-build-client.## , server# ltsp-build-client. , synaptic,# apt-get install updates .# , # /var/cache/ltsp/archives, .# ' # server.# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------MOUNT_PACKAGE_DIR="/var/cache/apt/archives"

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# .deb # .# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------#INSTALL_DEBS_DIR="/home/teacher//Linux/debs"

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# .# , # server . , bug Lucid# .# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------LOCALE="el_GR.UTF-8"

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# cron , # locate apt. # clients, . , # , # .# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------DISABLE_CRON=True

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# fat clients, /home NFS.# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------test -n "$FAT_CLIENT_DESKTOPS" && NFS_HOME=${NFS_HOME:-/home}

# =============================================================================# TODO: , .# =============================================================================

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# SCH_PROXY_SERVER server proxy server# clients, Internet.# :# auto squid server.# clients http://server:3128 proxy.# http://server-ip:8ura .# , proxy clients # squid server.# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------SCH_PROXY_SERVER=auto

, .

2011 # 55 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

7.2.3. dnsmasq dnsmasq proxy DHCP, LTSP server LTSP clients (tftp server boot filename), IP DHCP server (. cisco router). dnsmasq server router DHCP server.

1 . , .

.

# /etc/dnsmasq.d/ltsp.conf dnsmasq # proxy DHCP server LTSP . # proxy DHCP server # (boot filename tftp-server) # IP. , router # DHCP server . # dnsmasq /etc/dnsmasq.conf, # . # .

# dnsmasq DNS server. # port=0

# DHCP . log-dhcp

# tftp server (tftpd-hpa), # dnsmasq # tftp server, : #enable-tftp

# , dnsmasq tftp server. tftp-root=/var/lib/tftpboot

# rootpath NFS ( Ubuntu). dhcp-option=17,/opt/ltsp/${CHROOT}

# (boot filename). tftp-root. dhcp-boot=/ltsp/${CHROOT}/pxelinux.0

# multicast. dhcp-option=vendor:PXEClient,6,2b

# servername filename DHCP # (structure) . # DHCP, ipconfig. dhcp-no-override

# boot # . # PXE gPXE. pxe-prompt=Press F8 for boot menu, 3

# : x86PC, PC98, IA64_EFI, Alpha, Arc_x86, # Intel_Lean_Client, IA32_EFI, BC_EFI, Xscale_EFI X86-64_EFI # .0 pxelinux, man dnsmasq. pxe-service=X86PC, Boot from network, /ltsp/${CHROOT}/pxelinux

2011 # 56 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

# 0 : # PXE . pxe-service=X86PC, Boot from local hard disk, 0

# , # PXE ' . #pxe-service=x86PC, Install windows from RIS server, 1

# (dhcp-range) dnsmasq # proxy DHCP server, # (boot filename, tftp-server) IP. # subnet . # LTSP server . dhcp-range=${SERVER},proxy

# dnsmasq DHCP server # ( proxy), # 2 . dhcp-range=192.168.0.20,192.168.0.254,8h

# dnsmasq DHCP server, # IP : #dhcp-host=00:20:e0:3b:13:af,${SERVER%.*}.111,client111,infinite

7.2.4. fat clients /etc/ltsp/koina.list . fat client /etc/ltsp/koina.list ltsp-build-client.conf .# ============================================================================= # . # , # /etc/ltsp/koina.list # /etc/ltsp/ltsp-build-client.conf. # =============================================================================

# . sch-client

# . language-pack-el language-pack-en

# GNOME. language-pack-gnome-el language-pack-gnome-en

# KDE. language-pack-kde-el language-pack-kde-en

# , . language-support-el language-support-en

# OpenOffice. openoffice.org-l10n-el

# Adobe Flash Player, Sun Java, # Microsoft, codecs . ubuntu-restricted-extras

# wine Windows Linux. # wine-el . wine-el

2011 # 57 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

# numlock clients. numlockx

# . htop

# ethtool clients. ethtool

# . iperf

# x11vnc , . x11vnc

# adblock-plus plugin firefox . xul-ext-adblock-plus

# chromium-browser google-chrome. # thin clients < 100 MB RAM. chromium-browser chromium-browser-l10n chromium-codecs-ffmpeg-extra

# vlc media player # (.. DVD) clients. vlc

# http://scratch.mit.edu/ . scratch

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # , # . # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# . #googleearth

# . #stellarium

# clipart. #openclipart

# / shoot'em up. #teeworlds

# / . #frozen-bubble

# Secret Mario Chronicles. #smc

# Mario Tux. #supertux

# Tux. #supertuxkart

7.2.5. - fat clients dimotiko.list, gymnasio.list lykeio.list . fat client ltsp-build-client.conf

2011 # 58 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

fat clients .list ( - dimotiko-extra, gymnasio-extra, lykeio-extra, - http://ts.sch.gr/repo).

.

# =============================================================================# .# , # /etc/ltsp/dimotiko.list# /etc/ltsp/ltsp-build-client.conf.# =============================================================================

# dimotiko :# dim-anglika-d-e, dim-anglika-st, dim-eikastika-a-st, dim-geografia-e-st,# dim-glossa-a-b, dim-glossa-c-d, dim-glossa-e-st, dim-istoria-c-d,# dim-koinoniki-pol-agogi-e-st, dim-mathimatika-a-b, dim-mathimatika-c-d,# dim-mathimatika-e-st, dim-mousiki-a-st, dim-thriskeftika-c-d,# dim-thriskeftika-e-st.# , , # dimotiko # .dimotiko

# dimotiko-extra # :# dim-anakalypto-ton-kosmo-mesa-apo-ton-ypologisti,# dim-mathaino-ti-glossa-mou, dim-perivallon-i-prostasia-tou-dasous,# dim-politika-kai-diplomatika-gegonota-tis-neoteris-istorias-mas,# dim-sto-stavrodromi-trion-ipeiron-i-zoi-sti-vyzantini-aftokratoria,# gym-taxinomoume, dim-metro-ypologizo-kai-ektimo-a#dimotiko-extra

# gcompris .gcompris gcompris-sound-el

# Tux.tuxmath

# Tux.tuxtype

# .tuxpaint

# Windows.kolourpaint4

# =============================================================================# .# , # /etc/ltsp/gymnasio.list# /etc/ltsp/ltsp-build-client.conf.# =============================================================================

# gymnasio :# gym-anglika-a-c, gym-anglika-archarioi-a-c, gym-chimeia-b-c,# gym-fysiki-agogi-a-c, gym-fysiki-b-c, gym-gallika-a-c, gym-germanika-a-c,# gym-irodotou-a-b, gym-istoria-a-c, gym-omirika-epi-a-b, gym-pliroforiki-a-c,# gym-thriskeftika-a-c, gym-topiki-istoria-c, gym-viologia-a-c.# , , # gymnasio # .gymnasio

2011 # 59 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

# gymnasio-extra # :# gym-taxinomoume, gym-metanastes, gym-mykinaikos-politismos,# gym-ekpaideftika-paichnidia, gym-i-exelixi-tis-ellinikis-glossas-a#gymnasio-extra

# Windows.kolourpaint4

# Logo.kturtle

# .audacity

# , Photoshop.gimp

# , Illustrator.inkscape

# IP range # ().# , .# , # . # , # .gym-microworlds-c

# =============================================================================# # / .# , # /etc/ltsp/lykeio.list# /etc/ltsp/ltsp-build-client.conf.# =============================================================================

# lykeio :# glossa, lyk-taxidi-se-ena-diktyo, lyk-virtual-chemistry-lab# , , # lykeio # .lykeio

# lykeio-extra # :# lyk-polymesa, lyk-avakio,# lyk-dimosios-kai-idiotikos-vios-stin-archaia-ellada-dimosios-vios,# lyk-dimosios-kai-idiotikos-vios-stin-archaia-ellada-idiotikos-vios#lykeio-extra

# .audacity

# , Photoshop.gimp

# , Illustrator.inkscape

# video.blender

# , Frontpage.kompozer

2011 # 60 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

build fat clients.

7.3.

Ubuntu LTSP 1 - thin fat clients (7.1.1 thin clients 7.1.2 fat clients)

. :

1. thin fat client ( ) .

2. fat clients .

3. fat clients (. 7.2.5 - fatclients 7.3.1 )

. enter sch-scripts

. script chroot (apt-get update, apt-get dist-upgrade).

.

2011 # 61 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

, (ltsp-update-kernels, ltsp-update-image) . ( server).

.

7.3.1.

LTSP .

sch-scripts . .

chroot .

, .

chroot . chroot . :

2011 # 62 / 114

23: sch-scripts

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

apt-get updateapt-get install

nano vi.

chroot chroot ( gedit). /opt/ltsp/i386.

wget.

wget http://ts.sch.gr

server . /opt/ltsp/i386

2011 # 63 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

8. sch-scripts sch-scripts . sch-scripts. sch-scripts

( )

CSV . thin / fat clients thin / fat clients thin / fat clients

8.1.

( ).

.

2011 # 64 / 114

24: sch-scripts:

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

(. user01-user12 ) .

{c}: (. a1, a2){i}: {0i}: 0 (. 01, 02, 03)

8.2. / : /

8.2.1. :

email

2011 # 65 / 114

25: sch-scripts: -

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

. :

1. https://register.sch.gr/studentsadmin/, .

2. .3. ... .4. .5. Ctrl+A , Ctrl+C .6. .7. ,

csv.

,

8.2.2. csv :

csv csv,

csv , .

csv . ( ) . ( ) .

csv ( openoffice.org calc). . :

: ( ) : "

,

8.2.3. csv :

2011 # 66 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

csv .

( openoffice.org calc)

8.3. ubuntu iTalc. :

( thin clients )

iTalc ,

LTSP,

sch-scripts . :

sch-scripts . ( thin clients fat clients)

Sch-scripts.

. thin fat client.

,

2011 # 67 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

2011 # 68 / 114

26: sch-scripts

27: sch-scripts ltsp135 (, mac, ip, cpu, ram, vga)

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

: . .

:

2011 # 69 / 114

28: sch-scripts

29: sch-scripts

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

.

.

.

2011 # 70 / 114

30: sch-scripts

31: sch-scripts

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

8.4. .

1 Helpdesk (http://helpdesk.sch.gr) .

IP . .

/ : http //ts.sch.gr/index.php?searchword=++++ %2F&calfrom=&calto y =&ordering=&searchphrase=exact&limit=0&areas[0]=docman&Itemid=102&opt ion=com_search

2011 # 71 / 114

32: sch-scripts:

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

9. ( ) Ubuntu (. list) sch-scripts

. Ubuntu LTSP.

sch-scripts .

9.1. (http://ts.sch.g r/repo )

(sources) . sch-scripts.

nip-, dim-, gym-, lyk-, tee- .

. ( , ).

- ( ). - :

nipiagogeio dimotiko .. dimotiko-extra gymnasio .. gymnasio-extra lykeio lykeio-extra tee

: "" -extra 4GB.

2011 # 72 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

H & sch-scripts. 6.5 7.2.5 - fat clients thin clients fat clients

2011 # 73 / 114

33:

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

9.2. ubuntu-restricted-extras MP3 , Microsoft [ Microsoft Windows], Adobe Flash Plugin Firefox, LAME , DVD.

H & sch-scripts koina.list. 6.5 7.2.4 fat clients thin clients fat clients

9.3. Wine Wine (http://www.winehq.org/) Microsoft Windows Linux. , Microsoft Office, Photoshop DreamWeaver, Linux.

Wine wine-el wine . Synaptic.

wine, wine-el wine-el.

Wine Windows ~/.wine/drive_c . Windows, Wine . login Wine.

H & sch-scripts koina.list. 6.5 7.2.4 fat clients thin clients fat clients

9.4. DNS Server sch-scripts dnsmasq DNS server .

9.5. adblock plus adblock plus extension firefox . LTSP Adobe Flash Plugin

2011 # 74 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

CPU, bandwidth . ' , .

H sch-scripts koina.list. 6.5 7.2.4 fat clients thin clients fat clients

firefox, server - .

, http://adblockplus.org/en/faq_install#global.

9.6. Virtual Box Virtual Box ( MS-Windows) Ubuntu.

H sch-scripts. 6.5 7.2.4 fat clients thin clients fat clients virtualbox-ose koina.list.

:1. Virtual Box .2. New3.

.4. RAM

.5. .

next . Dynamically expanding storage . ( windows xp 5gb ).

6. Finish .

2011 # 75 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

(power-on) CD-ROM fat-client .

RAM ubuntu ( 2GB) RAM .

9.7. VLC Media Player

H sch-scripts koina.list. 6.5 7.2.4 fat clients thin clients fat clients.

VLC Media Player , (streaming). , PC Video-DVD VLC, PC .

2011 # 76 / 114

34: VirtualBox OSE

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

LTSP CPU, stream ( DVD-ROM), .

9.8. KolourPaint KolourPaint KDE, Ubuntu Gnome. Ubuntu KDE, .

' KolourPaint gpaint Gnome.

H sch-scripts dimotiko.list. 6.5 7.2.5 - fat clients thin clients fat clients.

35: kolourpaint

2011 # 77 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

tuxpaint. . (. 9.12 Gcompris)

9.9. Kturtle kturtle, ' Logo KDE :

36: kturtle

H sch-scripts dimotiko.list. 6.5 7.2.5 - fat clients thin clients fat clients.

9.10. Scratch, kturtle scratch:

H sch-scripts koina.list. 6.5 7.2.4 fat clients thin clients fat clients.

2011 # 78 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

9.11. kde-edu :

kalgebra: MathML 2 3 kalzium: kanagram: kbruch: khangman: kig: kmplot: kpercentage: () kstars: ktouch: kturtle: Logo kwordquiz: (flash cards) marble: parley: (flash cards)

2011 # 79 / 114

37: scratch

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

step:

H sch-scripts dimotika.list. 6.5 7.2.5 - fat clients thin clients fat clients.

9.12. Gcompris Gompris (10) .


9.13. ktuberling ktuberling .


9.14. tuxmath tuxmath


9.15. tuxpaint tuxpaint . .


9.16. tuxtype tuxtype

2011 # 80 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP


2011 # 81 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

10. LTSP (thin & fat) LTSP ( ) . BIOS CD-ROM (. ). . PXE Intel diskless clients, , CD . , gPXE, PXE , , CD .

10.1. ROM (PXE) , BIOS Network boot , .

3 BIOS: (enable onboard LAN), boot ROM (enable boot ROM), (boot priority).

2011 # 82 / 114

38: BIOS: Boot Rom

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

10.2. PXE

10.2.1. MS-Windows (ltsp-loader) MS-Windows 95, 2000, XP, Vista 7 pxe-boot gPXE ltsp-loader :http://ts.sch.gr/component/docman/doc_download/327-ltsp-loader ltsp-loader.exe gPXE boot manager MS-Windows. , (control panel) MS-Windows.

LTSP loader boot manager MS-Windows , thin/fat client

ltsp loader MS-Windows Boot from Network.

2011 # 83 / 114

39: BIOS: Lan 1

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

10.2.2. Ubuntu (grub-gpxe) Ubuntu (>= 9.10) gpxe-grub, ( 2.4.1), :

sudo apt-get install gpxe-grub

Boot from network boot manager . , :

http://users.sch.gr/alkisg/tosteki/index.php?topic=3446.0

10.2.3. CD-ROM, Floppy, USB stick Windows Ubuntu, gPXE , , CD USB stick. gPXE, server gpxe ( 2.4.1), :

sudo apt-get install gpxe

2011 # 84 / 114

40: ltsp_loader

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

, :

CDROM: /usr/share/gpxe/gpxe.iso : /usr/share/gpxe/gpxe.dsk USB stick: /usr/share/gpxe/gpxe.usb Kernel image: /usr/share/gpxe/gpxe.lkrn

, gpxe server, http://rom-o-matic.net/. 1.0 gPXE, ROM-o-matic.net for gPXE 1.0.0 .

1.0.1 gPXE , 1.0.0.

Choose an output format: , CD, ... Choose a NIC type: all-drivers Get Image.

http://ipxe.org/ (fork) gPXE, gPXE drivers ' , iPXE.

1. CD gpxe.iso CD-ROM CD . Ubuntu /usr/share/gpxe/gpxe.iso , .

2011 # 85 / 114

41: gPXE: CD

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

2. gpxe.dsk :

Linux:

dd if=/usr/share/gpxe/gpxe.dsk of=/dev/fd0

Windows: RawWrite (freeware) Windows: dd (freeware) Windows: WinImage (shareware)

3. USB , Ubuntu USB stick :

dd if=/usr/share/gpxe/gpxe.usb of=/dev/sdX

sdX USB stick , .. sdc.

2011 # 86 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

11. Ubuntu google maps Ubuntu LTSP google maps :

1. http://goo.gl/maps/nOoQ 2. login google mail (

)3. 4. click

2011 # 87 / 114

42: Ubuntu LTSP

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

5. ( , / , ( CPU, RAM), dual-boot Windows Server, (CPU,RAM), , fat clients, (CPU, RAM), , thin clients.

6.

2011 # 88 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

12. , , , , .

12.1. Squid Squid (http://www.squid-cache.org/) proxy server, ISA Server Microsoft. , (cache) . , , MSN, IRC .

squid http://ts.sch.gr/index.php?searchword=++squid&calfrom=&calto=&ordering=&searchphrase=all&limit=0&areas[0]=docman&Itemid=102&option=com_search

12.2. Clamav Gnu/Linux , , . , USB sticks Windows . Synaptic clamav-daemon clamtk.

T virus definitions , real time scanning ( mail scanning). , Virus Scanner:

43: ClamAV

2011 # 89 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

,

gksu clamtk

, .

12.3. Firefox Firefox

gksu gedit /etc/firefox/pref/user.js

/ :

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Firefox . //// /etc/firefox/pref/user.js. //// - //// . //// lockPref() . //// user_pref() //// . //// firefox.//// /, //// Ubuntu ( 9.04), - //// , : //// http://kb.mozillazine.org/Locking_preferences //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

try {///////////////////////// /////////////////////////

// Firefox:// 0 = // *1 = // 3 = //lockPref("browser.startup.page", 1);// ://lockPref("browser.startup.homepage", "chrome://ubufox/content/startpage.html");

// :// [v] //lockPref("browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting", true);// [ ] //lockPref("browser.download.manager.closeWhenDone", false);// (*) - //lockPref("browser.download.useDownloadDir", true);//lockPref("browser.download.dir", "~/ ");//lockPref("browser.download.lastDir", "~/ ");//lockPref("browser.download.folderList", 2);// ( ) //lockPref("browser.download.useDownloadDir", false);

////////////////////////// //////////////////////////

// :// ( ) //lockPref("browser.link.open_external", 2);//lockPref("browser.link.open_newwindow", 2);

2011 # 90 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

// (*) //lockPref("browser.link.open_external", 3);//lockPref("browser.link.open_newwindow", 3);

// [v] //lockPref("browser.tabs.warnOnClose", true);// [v] Firefox//lockPref("browser.tabs.warnOnOpen", true);// [ ] //lockPref("browser.tabs.autoHide", true);// [ ] //lockPref("browser.tabs.loadInBackground", true);

///////////////////////////// /////////////////////////////

// //lockPref("dom.disable_open_during_load", true);// // 1 = // 2 = //lockPref("permissions.default.image", 1);

// JavaScript//lockPref("javascript.enabled", true);// ...// ...//lockPref("pref.advanced.javascript.disable_button.advanced", true);// [v] //lockPref("dom.disable_window_move_resize", false);// [ ] //lockPref("dom.disable_window_flip", true);// [v] //lockPref("dom.event.contextmenu.enabled", true);// [ ] //lockPref("dom.disable_window_open_feature.status", true);// [ ] //lockPref("dom.disable_window_status_change", true);

// Java//lockPref("security.enable_java", true);

// & // ://lockPref("font.name.serif.el", "serif");// ://lockPref("font.size.variable.el", "16");// ,// about:config Firefox.// :// ://lockPref("intl.charset.default", "ISO-8859-7");// //lockPref("intl.accept_languages", "el-gr, el, en-us. en");

/////////////////////////// ///////////////////////////

// // ~/.mozilla/firefox/user.profile/mimeTypes.rdf// // Firefox, // //lockPref("plugin.disable_full_page_plugin_for_types", "audio/x-ms-wma,application/pdf");

////////////////////////// //////////////////////////

// [v] [90] // "browser.history_expire_days", 0

2011 # 91 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

//lockPref("browser.history_expire_days", 180);//lockPref("browser.history_expire_days_min", 90);// //lockPref("browser.formfill.enable", true);// // 0 = // 2 = //lockPref("browser.download.manager.retention", 2);

// [v] cookies // [v] cookies // 0 = // 1 = cookies // 2 = //lockPref("network.cookie.cookieBehavior", 0);// ... - //lockPref("pref.privacy.disable_button.cookie_exceptions", false);

// :// 0 = // 1 = // 2 = Firefox//lockPref("network.cookie.lifetimePolicy", 0);

// [ ] Firefox//lockPref("privacy.sanitize.sanitizeOnShutdown", false);// ...// [v] //lockPref("privacy.item.history", true);// [v] //lockPref("privacy.item.downloads", true);// [v] //lockPref("privacy.item.formdata", true);// [v] //lockPref("privacy.item.cache", true);// [ ] Cookies//lockPref("privacy.item.cookies", false);// TODO [ ] // [ ] //lockPref("privacy.item.passwords", false);// [v] //lockPref("privacy.item.sessions", true);// //lockPref("privacy.sanitize.promptOnSanitize", true);

////////////////////////// //////////////////////////

// [v] //lockPref("xpinstall.whitelist.required", true);

// [v] //lockPref("browser.safebrowsing.malware.enabled", true);// [v] //lockPref("browser.safebrowsing.enabled", true);

// [v] //lockPref("signon.rememberSignons", true);// [ ] // //

// ...//lockPref("pref.privacy.disable_button.view_passwords", true);

// -> ...// [ ] .//lockPref("security.warn_entering_secure", false);// [v] .//lockPref("security.warn_entering_weak", false);// [ ] .

2011 # 92 / 114

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

//lockPref("security.warn_leaving_secure", false);// [ ] .//lockPref("security.warn_submit_insecure", false);// [v] .//lockPref("security.warn_viewing_mixed", false);

/////////////////////////////////////////////// -> ///////////////////////////////////////////////

// [ ] //lockPref("accessibility.browsewithcaret", false);// [ ] //lockPref("accessibility.typeaheadfind", false);// [ ] //lockPref("accessibility.blockautorefresh", false);

// [ ] //lockPref("general.autoScroll", false);// [ ] //lockPref("general.smoothScroll", true);// [v] // 0 = // 1 = //lockPref("layout.spellcheckDefault", 1);// [ ] Firefox //lockPref("browser.shell.checkDefaultBrowser", false);

/////////////////////////////////////////////// -> ///////////////////////////////////////////////

// Firefox -> ...// // 0 = ( ) // 4 = ( ) // 5 = (*) // 1 = ( ) // 2 = ( ) URL ://lockPref("network.proxy.type", 5);

// HTTP://lockPref("network.proxy.http", "");// ://lockPref("network.proxy.http_port", 0);// SSL://lockPref("network.proxy.ssl", "");// ://lockPref("network.proxy.ssl_port", 0);// FTP://lockPref("network.proxy.ftp", "");// ://lockPref("network.proxy.ftp_port", 0);// Gopher://lockPref("network.proxy.gopher", "");// ://lockPref("network.proxy.gopher_port", 0);// SOCKS://lockPref("network.proxy.socks", "");// ://lockPref("network.proxy.socks_port", 0);// ( ) Socks v4 (*) Socks v5// 4 = v4// 5 = v5//lockPref("network.proxy.socks_version", 5);// ://lockPref("network.proxy.no_proxies_on", "localhost, 127.0.0.1");// URL ://lockPref("network.proxy.autoconfig_url", "");

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// [50] MB - Kb//lockPref("browser.cache.disk.capacity", 50000);// [v] ://lockPref("browser.offline-apps.notify", true);

////////////////////////////////////////////////// -> //////////////////////////////////////////////////

// :// [v] Firefox//lockPref("app.update.enabled", true);// [v] //lockPref("extensions.update.enabled", true);// [v] //lockPref("browser.search.update", true);

// Firefox// ( ) //lockPref("app.update.auto", false);// (*) // [v] // 0 - // 1 - //lockPref("app.update.auto", true);//lockPref("app.update.mode", 1);

////////////////////////////////////////////////////// -> //////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// [v] SSL 3.0//lockPref("security.enable_ssl3", true);// [v] TLS 1.0//lockPref("security.enable_tls", true);// :// "Select Automatically" = ( ) // "Ask Every Time" = (*) //lockPref("security.default_personal_cert", "Ask Every Time");

/*// "Know your rights"//lockPref("xxx.legal.rights.seen", "0.0");

// //lockPref("extensions.update.notifyUser", false);*/}catch(e) { displayError("lockedPref", e);}

12.4. (gconf-editor) (panels), Linux Windows, . ,

sudo su student1 -c 'gconftool-2 --recursive-unset /apps/panel'

student1 ,

sudo su student2 -c 'gconftool-2 --type string \

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Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

--set /desktop/gnome/background/picture_filename \ /usr/share/backgrounds/simple-ubuntu.jpg'

student2 . gnome, . Alt+F2

gconf-editor

Windows:

gnome Windows .

, .

() . :

gksu gconf-editor

background. ( ). /desktop/gnome/background .

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Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

. picture_filename, ,

/usr/share/backgrounds/simple-ubuntu.jpg

Enter . , . . , , . , . , synaptic sabayon pessulus, .

12.5. , . , . .

, server.

gnome-screensaver-command -lock

. .

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44:

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

12.6. , , , :

, , .

12.7. :

sudo rsync -av /home/ /media/anotherpartition/homebackup/

homebackup, anotherpartition. .

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Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

, , -. DVD, ,

sudo tar -czvf /tmp/home.tar.gz /home/

/tmp/home.tar.gz DVD.

12.8. , (partition) , . gparted, :

gksu gparted

. . live CD, desktop edition CD Ubuntu system rescue CD (http://www.sysresccd.org). CD DVD, tar .

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Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

13. , .

13.1. hostnames (hostname) IP , IP=10.160.31.135 ltsp135. pc01, pc02 . hostnames, IP.

IP , hostnames, .

sch-scripts .

sch-scripts, , . pc05.

, MAC .

lts.conf lts.conf, :

[00:1C:C4:8D:11:05]HOSTNAME=pc05

pc05.

sch-scripts, server hostnames thin clients, `ping pc05`. fat clients, avahi server , `ping pc05.local`.

13.2. IP IP DHCP. , , DHCP server router. IP , PXELinux ., MAC address , ( PXE gPXE), , , server

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Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

arp -a

, ,

/var/lib/tftpboot/ltsp/i386/pxelinux.cfg/01-00-1b-24-89-65-d6

01- Ethernet, -00-1b-24-89-65-d6 MAC address. , :

DEFAULT vmlinuz ro initrd=initrd.img ip=10.160.31.101:10.160.31.10:10.160.31.1:255.255.255.0:client101:eth0:none

IP IP server, , , DNS , , none DHCP. kernel, acpi=force. ping clients, IP hostnames /etc/hosts.

13.3. server switch, , Fast Ethernet (100 Mbps) Switch ( hub 100 Mbps switch 10 Mbps ), . ' bonding: 1 - 3 , 2 - 4 switch, 200 - 400 Mbps . bonding https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuLTSP/Trunking. server, IP subnets (.. 192.168.1.254),

, , switch, , crossover .

, eth0 Internet, eth1 IP=192.168.0.254 switch 10 eth2 IP=192.168.1.254 switch 10 . , /etc/ltsp/dhcpd.conf /etc/dnsmasq.d/ltsp.conf DHCP server .

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13.4. man pages ( ltsp-build-client):

yelp man:ltsp-build-client

:

lshwlspcilsusblshallspcmciahwinfo

ltsp-build-client:

ltsp-build-client --extra-help

:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure console-setup

rdesktop clients Windows server redirection clients:

padsp rdesktop -r sound:local host

.iso CD:

dd if=/dev/cdrom of=./CDImage.iso

.iso :

sudo mount -o loop cdimage.iso directory

:

sudo umount directory

ssh key (The RSA host key for has changed):

ssh-keygen -R

: Alt+Ctrl+PrtSc+REISUB

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Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

14. .

. ;

(helpdesk) http://helpdesk.sch.gr/ticketnew_user.php?category_id=5017. sch-scripts, launchpad: https://bugs.launchpad.net/sch-scripts., .

X Windows, login.

XSERVER=vesa lts.conf .

sudo gedit /var/lib/tftpboot/ltsp/i386/pxelinux.cfg/default

quiet splash nomodeset. nomodeset kernel KMS (Kernel Mode Switching) driver .

, debugging;

sch-scripts, , . root. .

gparted clients partitions;

(. ) ' gparted.

RAM .

thin clients

Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

. partition gparted (. )., SIZE=512 /etc/ltsp/nbdswapd.conf, swap .

gigabit server switch . flow control;

server switch gigabit, clients switch 100 Mbps ( clients 100 Mbps switch gigabit), . flow control (. 3.5.2), server 100 Mbps, . sch-scripts flow control server . .

IP . ;

: IP server /etc/dnsmasq.d/ltsp.conf.

(. 7.2.3 dnsmasq). , http://etherboot.anadex.de/,

gPXE. gPXE .

1.0 gPXE . DHCP server .

DHCP ( Windows ) DHCP server router Helpdesk .

/var/lib/tftpboot/ltsp/i386/pxelinux.cfg/default, IPAPPEND 3.

USB stick CD .

(users-admin), group fuse.

thin / fat clients;

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Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

thin/fat "ipconfig: cannot load /tmp/net-eth0.conf" driver . :

1. sch-scripts ( 7.3 )

2. :

ubuntu live cd. lspci -k lsmod

module (driver) . module atl1c

. .

echo atl1c | sudo tee -a /opt/ltsp/i386/etc/initramfs-tools/modulessudo chroot /opt/ltsp/i386/ update-initramfs -usudo chroot /opt/ltsp/i386/ /usr/share/ltsp/update-kernelssudo ltsp-update-kernels

atl1c module

. https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuLTSP/AddingModules.

fat clients atheros login,

fat clients atheros fat clients, lts.conf:

NFS_HOME_OPTIONS="nolock,proto=udp,rsize=4096,wsize=4096"

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15. Windows Ubuntu , Synaptic.

Microsoft Windows Ubuntu

Microsoft Word OpenOffice.org Writer OpenOffice.org

Microsoft Excel OpenOffice.org Calc OpenOffice.org

Microsoft PowerPoint OpenOffice.org Impress OpenOffice.org

Microsoft Access OpenOffice.org Base OpenOffice.org Database

Microsoft Publisher Scribus Scribus

Microsoft Visio Dia Dia Diagram Editor

Microsoft Paint KolourPaint KolourPaint

Microsoft Outlook Evolution Evolution Mail and Calendar

Microsoft Internet Explorer Firefox Firefox Web Browser

Microsoft MSN Messenger, ICQ, Mirc Pidgin Pidgin

Microsoft NetMeeting Ekiga Ekiga

Microsoft Remote Desktop tsclient

Microsoft Media Player Totem &

CyberLink PowerDVD Totem &

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Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

Adobe Photoshop, Corel Paint Shop Pro Gimp GIMP Image Editor

Adobe Premiere Kino & Kino

Finale Denemo & GNU Denemo

Cdex, Nero Sound Juicer & Sound Juice CD Extractor

Nero Burning Rom Brasero Brasero

Adobe Acrobat Reader Evince

Winzip, Winrar File Roller

Windows / Linux:

http://www.ellak.gr/index.php? option=com_openwiki&Itemid=103&id=ellak:pinakas_2008_2009

http://wiki.linuxquestions.org/wiki/Linux_software_equivalent_to_Windows_software http://www.libervis.com/wiki/index.php?title=Table_of_Equivalent_Software http://www.linuxalt.com/ http://www.linuxrsp.ru/win-lin-soft/table-eng.html

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16. LTSP administrator's reference:

http://wiki.ltsp.org/twiki/bin/view/Ltsp/LtspDocumentationUpstream Ubuntu LTSP documentation:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuLTSP Edubuntu Handbook. ,

, :http://doc.ubuntu.com/edubuntu/edubuntu/handbook/C/

Ubuntu http://ubuntu-manual.org/?lang=el

:http://ts.sch.gr

launchpad:https://launchpad.net/~ts.sch.gr

launchpad:https://launchpad.net/~ts.sch.gr/+archive/ppa

:http://ts.sch.gr/repo

& http://helpdesk.sch.gr

Linux/LTSP :http://users.sch.gr/alkisg/tosteki/index.php?board=67.0

Linux:https://launchpad.net/~linux.sch.gr

Ubuntu :http://ubuntu-gr.org/ http://www.ubuntu-gr.org/webchat

(IRC) LTSP:irc://irc.freenode.net#ltsp

Wiki sch-scriptshttp://wiki.ubuntu-gr.org/sch-scripts

Linux:http://www.linux.gr

Ubuntu :http://www.ubuntu.com/getubuntu/releasenotes/

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Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

Edubuntu:http://www.edubuntu.org/Documentation

documentation wiki Ubuntu:https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CategoryDocumentation

Grub HowTo:https://help.ubuntu.com/community/GrubHowto

LTSP:https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/ltsp-discuss

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Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

17. CCPL ( ) CREATIVE COMMONS CORPORATION ( CCPL ). / . , .

H . , .

1.

. () , , , , , () , ( ), , , . , (), () .

. , , () , 1() , , , , . , , , . ( ) .

. , , .

. : , -, .

. , .

( ) , , , , , .

. (i) , , , , ,

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Ubuntu 10.04 / LTSP

, , , , , , , , , , (ii) (), , , , (iii) ( ) , , , (

Οδηγίες εγκατάστασης Ubuntu 10

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