Λοιμώξεις κατωτέρου αναπνευστικού συστήματος

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Λοιμώξεις κατωτέρου αναπνευστικού συστήματος. Σπύρος Μυγιάκης Λέκτορας Γ’ Παθ/κή Κλινική Α.Π.Θ. 23/10/20 10. Περιγραφή – Ορισμοί Παθοφυσιολογία – Μετάδοση Πνευμονία Συμπτώματα – Σημεία Πνευμονία από την κοινότητα Παθογόνα Εκτίμηση βαρύτητας Αντιμετώπιση Αλλες μορφές πνευμονίας - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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  • / ...23/10/2010

  • /

  • :

  • 1. 2.

  • (.. , ) () fomites (.. )

  • ( CAP)

    ()

  • 4

  • 2 : ( )

    ,

  • ()

  • - +

  • (CAP)

  • CAP 50% ,

  • S. pneumoniae (~ 40%)Haemophilus influenzae (~10%)Chlamydia pneumoniae (~9%)Mycoplasma pneumoniae (~8%)Legionella sp. (~7%) Gram (+) (S. aureus) Gram (-) E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae ~25%

  • vs /

    () (--)

    /

  • - : 65 . /. ( > 40mg/dl) 30/min < 90mmHg, < 60 mmHg

  • -

    (2)

  • - ( )-

    3 (+)

  • : (1gr 6 ) (500mg 3 ) (500mg2 7 ) :/ 3gr 6 :/

  • -

    -/ - +

  • 7 : 14 p.os 48 .

    72 () (/ ) /

  • --+: 90

  • 48 48 : (VAP) : (HCAP)

    ()

  • (30-70%)

  • -

    ( )

  • Streptococcus pneumoniaeHaemophilus influenzaeGram :Escherichia coliKlebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL)Enterobacter sp.Proteus sp.Serratia marcescensPseudomonas aeruginosaAcinetobacter sp. - Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 40%

  • (/) -/ - () MRSA (/) -

  • 90 ( ) , ( 6 ) TB

  • ( ) - +

    ***Respiratory infections are divided according to whether they affect the upper or lower respiratory tract.Infections of the upper respiratory tract are among the most common human health problems. It is, therefore, not surprising that infection of the upper respiratory tract is one of the most frequent reasons for patients consulting their primary care physician, and one of the major causes of absence from school or work. The most common upper respiratory tract infections are acute pharyngitis/tonsillitis, sinusitis and otitis media, which occur predominantly in children. Although such infections are non- life-threatening and are usually mild, they cause significant discomfort and lost productivity. Furthermore, some, such as streptococcal pharyngitis, can have serious sequelae.Infections of the lower respiratory tract occur less frequently but are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. They are a major cause of death globally and the leading cause of death from infectious diseases in the US (Bartlett et al. 1998). The two major bacterial infections of the lower respiratory tract are pneumonia and acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. Bartlett et al. Clin Infect Dis 1998;26:81138.

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