. , in Politics Brandeis University () PhD in Government University of Manchester (). Brandeis, University of Manchester, , , . . . , . , . : , 1974-2000, (: , 2000), Politics, Subsidies and Competition: The New Politics of State Intervention in the European Union, ( . ), (London: Edward Elgar, 1999), European Journal of Political Research, Journal of European Public Policy, , , . : , (: , 2010) Integration and Enforcement: Political Priorities and Institutional Development in European Integration (Oxford: Oxford University Press). . Nugent [ , 2004 , 2009] (: ).

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1 , , Morgenthau, H. J., Politics among Nations. New York: Knopf, 1948, Waltz, K. N., Theory of International Politics, Reading, Mass: Addison-Wesley 1979, Ruggie, J. G., Continuity and Transformation in the World Polity: Towards a Neorealist Synthesis World Politics, 35, January 1983, . 261-285, Harries, O., Realism in the New Era Quadrant, 39, April 1995, . 11-18, , ., . : , 1999. 2 / Doyle, M. W., Ways of War and Peace. New York: Norton, 1997, Howard, M. E., War and Liberal Consciousness, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1978, Keohane, R. O. & J. S. Nye, (.) Transnational Relations and World Politics, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1971, Keohane, R. O. & J. S. Nye, Power and Interdependence, Boston: Little Brown, 1977. 3 , Hopf, T., The Promise of Constructivism in International Relations Theory International Security, 23, Summer 1998, . 171-200, Ruggie, J. G., What Makes the World Hang Together? Neo-Utilitarianism and the Social Constructivist Challenge, International Organization, 52, Autumn 1998, . 855-885, Onuf, N., World of our Making: Rules and Rule in Social Theory and International Relations, Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1989, Adler, E., Constructivism and International Relations, W. Carlsnaes, Th. Risse & B. Simmons, (.) Handbook of International Relations, London: Sage, 2002.

6

.4 , . . . , , . , , , pacta sunt servanda. , , 1969, , , .

. , , (, , - , ..), (, , , , ..), (, 4 R. Gilpin, The Political Economy of International Relations, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1987, B. J. Cohen, International Political Economy: An Intellectual History, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2008, R. W. Cox M. G. Schechter, . The Political Economy of a Plural World: Critical Reflections on Power, Morals, and Civilization, New York: Routledge, 2002.

7

, - , ..) (compliance) . (control gap) . , . R. Rutnam R. Henning (involuntary defection) (voluntary defection) .5

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5 R. D. Putnam C. R. Henning, The Bonn Summit of 1978: A Case Study in Cooperation R. N. Cooper, B. Eichengreen, G. Holtham, R. D. Putnam, C. R. Henning, . Can Nations Agree? Issues in International Economic Cooperation, Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 1989. 6 , Keohane, R. O., The demand for international regimes, International Regimes, 36, 2, Spring 1982, Krasner, St. D., Structural causes and regime consequences: regimes as intervening variables, International Regimes, 36, 2, Spring 1982, Krasner, St. D., Regimes and the limits of realism: regimes as autonomous variables, International Regimes, 36, 2, Spring 1982, Young, O. R., Regime dynamics: the rise and fall of international regimes, International Regimes, 36, 2, Spring 1982, . 7 Rosenau, J. N., Ageing Agendas and Ambiguous Anomalies: Tensions and Contradictions of an Emergent Epoch St. Lawson, (.) The New Agenda for International Relations. From Polarization to Globalization in World Politics?, Cambridge: Polity Press 2002, . 29-31.

8

law) - (non-binding norms)8 .

Rosenau, , / / . / . , . , . , .9

, , , . , , - 8 , , - , Kirton, J. J. M. J. Trebilcock, (.), Hard Choices, Soft Law: Voluntary Standards In Global Trade, Environment And Social Governance,. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2004, Senden, L., Soft Law in European Community Law, Portland: Hart Publishing 2004, Shelton, D., Law, Non-Law and the Problem of Soft Law, D. Shelton, (.) Commitment and Compliance. The Role of Non-binding Norms in the International Legal System, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000, . 1-18, Morth, U., (.), Soft Law In Governance And Regulation: An Interdisciplinary Analysis, London: Edward Elgar, 2005, , , . ., : , . . . . , (.), ; , : . , 2006, . 85-100. 9 Rosenau, J. N., .. . 29-31

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12 Eckstein, H., Case-study and Theory in Political Science, F. I. Greenstein & N. S. Polsby, (.) Handbook of Political Science. Vol. 7. Strategies of Inquiry. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1975, Lijphart, A., Comparative Politics and the Comparative Method, American Political Science Review, 65, 1971 Landman, T., Issues and Methods in Comparative Politics, London: Routledge, 2000.

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1970, 1980, 1990, 2008 . .14 14 Vreeland, J. R., The IMF and Economic Development, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003, Vines, D. & Ch. L. Gilbert, The IMF and its Critics: Reform of Global Financial Architecture, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009 Nooruddin, I. &

17

, . . . .

. : Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF) Exogenous Shocks Facility (ESF) , Stand-By Arrangements (SBA), Flexible Credit Line (FCL) Extended Fund Facility (EFF) . . . . , Flexible Credit Line (FCL), ex-ante conditionality .

2.3.

K. J. W. Simmons, The Politics of Hard Choices: IMF Programs and Government Spending, International Organization, 60, 2006, . 1001-1033.

18

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15 1992 . , Pelkmans, J. D. Hanf, & M. Chang, 2008, (.), The EU Internal Market in Comparative Perspective: Economic, Political and Legal Analyses, New York: Peter Lang Publishing, 2008, Nugent, ., 2009. Politics and Government in the European Union, , : , 2009.

19

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16 Mendrinou, , Non-Compliance and the European Commissions Role in Integration, Journal of European Public Policy, 3, 1, 1996, Brzel, T. A. Guarding the Treaty: The Compliance Strategy of the European Commission, T. A. Brzel & R. A. Cichowski (eds.), T.A. The State of the European Union: Law, Politics, and Society, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003), Falkner, G., O. Treib, M. Hartlapp, and S. Leiber, eds, Complying with Europe: EU Harmonization and Soft Law in the Member States, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005), Tallberg, J. Paths to Compliance; Enforcement, Management, and the European Union International Organization (Summer 2002) 56/3: 609-643.

20

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19 , . Kohler-Koch, (.), Linking EU and National Governance, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003, G. Falkner, M. Hartlapp, S. Leiber & O. Treib. Non-Compliance with EU Directives in the Member States: Opposition Through the Backdoor? West European Politics, (May 2004) 27/3: 452-473, G. Falkner, O. Treib, M. Hartlapp, and S. Leiber, (), Complying with Europe, .., M. Haverland & M. Romeijn. Do Member States Make European Policies Work? Analysing the EU Transposition Deficit Public Administration (2007) 85/3: 757-778, E. Mastenbroek, Surviving the Deadline The Transposition of EU Directives in the Netherlands European Union Politics (December 2003) 4/4: 371-395.

24

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28/4/2004 UK 21/9/2005 24/1/2006 9/10/2007 :http:/ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/sgp/deficit/countries/index_en.htm, 14/3/2010

32

3. ;

, , , , ( 1980) . .28 Cahier .29 .30 , , / , . .31

28 Krislov, S., C. D. Ehlermann & J. Weiler, The political organs and the decision-making process in the United States and the European Community, M. Cappelletti, M. Seccombe & J. Weiler, (.) Integration through Law. Methods, tools and institutions: Political organs, integration techniques and judicial process, Berlin: de Gruyter, 1986, . 61, 77, 83, Weiler, J. H. H., The White Paper and the application of Community law, R. Bieber, R. Dehousse, J. Pinder and J. H. H. Weiler, (.), 1992: One European market? A critical analysis of the Commission's Internal Market Strategy, Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, 1988, . 340, 354. 29 Cahier, P., Les Articles 169 et 171 du Trait instituant la Communaut Economique Europenne travers la pratique de la Commission et la jurisprudence de la Cour, Cahiers de Droit Europen, 1974, . 3-4. 30 Mendrinou, , Non-Compliance and the European Commissions Role in Integration. .., Mendrinou, M., Monitoring Member States Compliance: The Development of an Enforcement System in the European Union, PhD Thesis, Manchester, 1996. 31 Mendrinou, , .., , Falkner, G., O. Treib, M. Hartlapp & S. Leiber, (.), Complying with Europe .., Tallberg, J., Paths to Compliance .. . 609-643.

33

, , , . . . , , . .32 , , . . 33 , .34

32 Chayes, A. & A. Handler Chayes, The New Sovereignty: Compliance with International Regulatory Arrangements, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1995, Brown Weiss, E. & H. K. Jacobson, (.), Engaging Countries: Strengthening Compliance with International Environmental Accords, Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 1998, Young, O. R., Compliance and Public Authority: A Theory with International Application,. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1979, Young, O. R. .. Regime dynamics, Young. O. R., The Effectiveness of International Institutions: Hard Cases and Critical Values, J. N. Rosenau & E.-O. Czempiel, (.) Governance without Government: Order and Change in World Politics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992. 33 Krasner, St. D., .. Structural causes and regime, Krasner, St. D., (.) International Regimes, Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1983, Rosenau, J. N. & E.-O. Czempiel, (.), Governance without Government: Order and Change in World Politics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992. 34 Chayes, A. & A. Handler Chayes, .. The New Sovereignty , Young, O. R., .. Regime dynamics, Young. O. R. .., The Effectiveness of International Institutions Young, O. R. .. Compliance and Public Authority Brown Weiss, E. & H. K. Jacobson, ..

34

, . .35 .36 .37

, , , .

, . , . (Public Information Notices) . 2007 . , , . 35 North, D., Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990. 36 , . 12. 37 , . 48.

35

.38 : (1) (collaboration), , . , , , (2) / (candor) , , , (3) (evenhandedness and due regard to country circumstances). ( , ..) , (4) (practicality) . , , (5) (multilateral perspective) , , , 38 , IMF Surveillance The 2007 Decision on Bilateral Surveillance, Factsheet, June 2009. , IMF Executive Board Adopts New Decision on Bilateral Surveillance Over Members Policies, Public Information Notice (PIN), No. 07/69, 21 June 2007.

36

(6) (forward looking view) , . . . , . , .

. . , . , , / .39

39 Vreeland, J. R., .., Vines, D. & Gilbert, Ch. L., .., Nooruddin, I. & Simmons, J. W. .., Thomas, C., Where is the Third World Now? Review of International Studies, 25, 1999, . 225-243, Thomas, C., Developing Inequality a Global Fault-Line, St. Lawson, (.), The New Agenda for International Relations, Cambridge: Polity, 2002, Toussaint, E., Your Money or Your Life: The Tyranny of Global Finance, London: Pluto, 1999, Kapur, D., The IMF a Cure or a Curse? Foreign Policy, 77, 2, 1998, . 114-129.

37

/ (conditionality). , , . ex-ante / ex-post. ex-ante / ex-post Flexible Credit Line (FCL), ex-ante conditionality .

ex-post conditionality . : (prior actions), ex-ante conditionality, (quantitative performance criteria QRC), (structural benchmarks), (program review).40 41 .42

2002 . , , 40 conditionality (), Stone, R. W., The Scope of IMF Conditionality, International Organization, 62, 2008, . 589-620, Alvarez, J. E., International Organizations as Law-Makers, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006, . 241-244. 41. Vreeland, J. R., .. Vines, D. & Ch. L. Gilbert, .. 42 Cohen, B. J., International Dept and Linkage Strategies: Some Foreign-Policy Implications for the United States, International Organization, 39, 1985, . 699-727.

38

. , . . .

. 258 ( 226 ) . , , . 25 ,43 26 .44 , .

, , 43 , Stff Working Document, SEC 2008/2854. 44 , Stff Working Document, SEC 2009/1684/2 COM 2009 675 final, 15/12/2009.

39

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, . 2007 .45 , : (1) (prevention), . (policy cycle). , . (2) (efficient & effective response), . (3) (improving working methods), . 45 , A Europe of Results Applying Community Law, COM (2007) 502 final, 5/9/2007

41

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, . . , , , , , , . , , .

, , , , , Eurostat .

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126 ( 104 ) . . 121 ( 99 ). ( 126(3) , 104(3) ). () 4 126 ( 104(4) ) 1467/97 , No 1056/05. , , ( 126(5) , 104(5) ). 5 , . , , 104(5) 46 Savage, J. D., Making the EMU: The Politics of Budgetary Surveillance and the Enforcement of Maastricht, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007, Watson, A. M. S., Aspects of European Monetary Integration, New York: St. Martins, 1997.

43

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51 , A Europe of Results Applying Community Law, COM (2007) 502 final, 5/9/2007, , A Citizens Agenda Delivering Results for Europe, COM (211) 2006 final, 10/5/2006. , Staff Working Document - Situation in the Different Sectors, Accompanying document to the 26th Annual Report on Monitoring the Application of Community Law (2008), SEC (2009) 1684/2. 52 Senden, L., .. , ., : , . . , . . , (.) . : , : . , 2004, Falkner, G., O. Treib, M. Hartlapp & S. Leiber, ..

48

. . , .53 , . . ( 121(4) , 99(4) ) . ( 126(11) , 104(11) ) . , , , . .

, , . . , 53 126(14) ( 104(14)).

49

, 54 .55

2007 . . . .56

, , . (conditionality) , (benchmarking).

54 DNT, Decision 2007. 55 , . Alvarez, J. E., .., . 441-446. 56 The 2007 Surveillance Decision: Revised Operational Guidance, 22 2009, Appendix . 12-13. , IMF Executive Board Adopts New Decision on Bilateral Surveillance Over Members Policies Public Information Notice (PIN), . 07/69, 21 2007.

50

5. / ;

. . , , . . , , . .57

. - , , , 57 Koopmans , Koopmans, T., Courts and Political Institutions: A Comparative View, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.

51

. 58 .59

. , .60 . 267 ( 234 ), , , , .61 Casis de Dijon 197962 .63 58 Shelton, D., (.), Commitment and Compliance. The Role of Non-binding Norms in the International Legal System. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. 59 Hofsttter, B., Non-Compliance of National Courts: Remedies in European Community Law and Beyond, The Hague: T. M. C. Asser Press, 2005, Kohler-Koch, B., (.) Linking EU , .. 60 Slaughter, A.-M., A. Stone Sweet & J. H. H. Weiler, (.), The European Court and National Courts Doctrine and Jurisprudence. Legal Change in Its Social Context. Oxford: Hart Publishing, 1998. 61 Mendrinou, M., .. Monitoring Member States Compliance 62 , 120/78 Rewe-Zentral v Bundesmonopolverwalting fr Branntwein (Casis de Dijon) [1979] ECR 649. 63 Alter, K., Establishing the Supremacy of European Community Law The Making of an International Rule of Law in the Europe, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. Sauter, W. & H. Schepel, State and Market in European Union Law: The Public and Private

52

, .

.64 . . . , , .

, . , . SOLVIT, () (Citizens SignPost Service), (Internal Market Information System IMI), .. , , .

. , . , Spheres of the Internal Market before the EU Courts, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. 64 2008, 46,7% , SEC (2009) 1684/2, appendix.

53

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54

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. , : ,65 (routines) 66 , , , . . , , , , . . , . . , 65 March, J. G. & J. P. Olsen, The New Institutionalism: Organizational Factors in Political Life, American Political Science Review, 78, 1984, . 738, 74041, March, J. G. & J. P. Olsen, J.P., Rediscovering Institutions, New York: Free Press, 1989, Hall, P., Governing the Economy: The Politics of State Intervention in Britain and France, New York: Oxford University Press, 1986. 66 March, J. G. & B. Levitt, Organizational Learning, Annual Review of Sociology, 14, 1988, . 319-340.

55

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. 30 . 2003.68 . , , . .

, (conditionality).

67 . , Lavdas, K. A. & M. Mendrinou, Politics, Subsidies and Competition: The New Politics of State Intervention in the European Union, London: Edward Elgar, 1999. 68 , Enhancing the Effectiveness of Surveillance: Operational Responses, the Agenda Ahead, and Next Steps, Public Information Notice (PIN), No. 03/50, April 10, 2003, , Strengthening Surveillance - Further Considerations, Public Information Notice (PIN) No. 03/116, September 10, 2003.

56

, . . : () , () , () , () , () .69 , 2008 .

. , 1957 , 228 ( 171 ). per se, . , . ( 226 ) 228 . 69 , Statement of the IMF Staff: Principles Underlying the Guidelines on Conditionality revised 9 January 2006.

57

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58

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76 D. Gros & Th. Mayer, Towards a Euro(pean) Monetary Fund, CEPS Policy Brief, No. 202, February 2010, P. Honohan & G. Murphy, Breaking the Sterling Link: Irelands Decision to Enter the EMS, IIIS Discussion Paper, Trinity College Dublin, No. 317, February 2010.

63

7.

, . , . , , , . , . , , / . , , . , / / . . , . .

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