ΤΡΙΒΟΛΟΓΙΑ ΛΙΠΑΝΣΗ ΤΕΙ ΜΗΧΑΝΟΛΟΓΟΙ

- , ..., .

, ( ) . (Newton).

.

;

- , ..., .

.

, .

;

- , ..., .

: .

, .

.

.

- , ..., .

, , ( ) , ( ) .

. , , .

, , .

- , ..., .

, , ( ). ,

. (

), , ( ) .

- , ..., .

- , ..., .

. ( ).

F . /, .

- , ..., .

, . (smax).

( ) ( ).

, . , , (Tk).

- , ..., .

(Tk) .

(Tsmax > Tk)

( ).

, ( ) . , .

- , ..., .

() ( ) . : (

).

( ).

- , ..., .

s ( ): k ( ):

:

NTss

max

NTkk

ks

- , ..., .

( ) .

- . () , , .

( ) . () .

( ).

: / .

- , ..., .

, , .

.

, , .

- , ..., .

- , ..., .

.

, , .

( ), , .

- , ..., .

.

( ).

. ( 1/100 1/1000 ).

' ( ) .

- , ..., .

1) (). .. .

2) .

3) .

4) - .

6) .

7) (x,y) x y .

- , ..., .

8) , :

9) :

10) :

11) ( ) :

0 yx MFF

NT s

NT k

),(0, IMFmaF yxx

- , ..., .

1.1

: (a) =30o P=200N (b) =35o P=400N.

- , ..., .

1.2

20 : (a) =20o P=8KN (b) =15o P=12.5KN. P = 25o

- , ..., .

1.3

3in . 0.25, x W . .

- , ..., .

1.4

W . , .

- , ..., .

1.5

W R . s =0.2, . : OC=2R/.

- , ..., .

1.6

0.4 0.3 . P 60lb : (a) (b) .

- , ..., .

1.7

0.2. 8kg 12kg, . .

- , ..., .

1.8

12lb . 0.45 0.25, P . 0.9R .

- , ..., .

1.9

P , () W=10Kg () . () () 0.4 () 0.3 . =30.

- , ..., .

1.10

. 0.25 =45, P .

- , ..., .

1.11

O 100kg. 0.2, P .

- , ..., .

1.12

, C 80kg . 0.4, 0.6 C 0.4. P .

-

- , ..., .

Euler, :

F2 F1, s rad (=180).

H F2 .

seF

F

1

2

Euler

- , ..., .

eF

F

F

Fd

F

dFd

F

dF

FddN

dFdN

dd

dd

dFddFFN

dFddFFdN

F

F

F

F

y

x

1

2

1

2

0

ln

2/)2/sin(

1)2/cos(02/

)2/sin()2/sin()(d

)2/cos()2/cos()(

0

0

2

1

:

- , ..., .

Euler , :

)2/sin(/

1

2 aseF

F

.

- , ..., .

, .

.

2 .

, .

:

.

Euler.

.

- , ..., .

2.1

s=0.4. F1=100 F2=4000 . .

- , ..., .

2.2

800 . m = 20.39kp , 0.1, 0.3. x .

- , ..., .

2.3

R=1m M=100Nm . . 0.6. P . .

- , ..., .

2.4

W=85kp. 0.4 CD, : 1) . 2) . 3) =36.

- , ..., .

2.5

. - 0.3 150Nm P : 1) . 2) . 3) .

- , ..., .

2.6

C , . 0.35 0.25, W C: 1) . 2) . 3) .

- , ..., .

2.7

. 3in. 225lb. 0.35 0.20 . ;

- , ..., .

2.8

. . 0.4 0.25, .

- , ..., .

p .

.

- , ..., .

, .

, d, o L = np, n r . tan = L/d = L/2r, d r , .

- , ..., .

() ( ). .

() . L = np, d = 2r tan = np/2r.

. -.

Coulomb .

- , ..., .

- , ..., .

3.1

. , 10mm 2mm. O 0.3. 40Nm () () .

- , ..., .

3.2

7.5mm 30mm. 720Nm. 0.12. () () . .

- , ..., .

3.3

2mm 7.5mm. O 0.15. () () 4kN.

- , ..., .

.

- , ..., .

R , .

. .

- , ..., .

. :

k

k

Rr

N

T

RrRr

(2)

Coulomb

o

(1)

(2)sinsintansin0

(1)sin0sin0

- , ..., .

... .

.

R .

Coulomb : =tan, .

. .

.

- , ..., .

4.1

120mm 5kg 30mm, . , 0.5kg. .

- , ..., .

4.2

0.5in, . 0.40, P () () .

- , ..., .

4.3

0.5in, . 0.40, P

- , ..., .

4.4

120mm 30mm, . , P=12kg .

- , ..., .

.

- , ..., .

2

1

2

2

3

1

3

2

2

0

3

1

3

22

1

2

2

2

0

2

2

1

2

2

2

1

2

2

)3(),2(),1(

2

1

2

2

3

2)(

3

1

)(

)()(

(3):Coulomb

(2))(

(1)

2

1

RR

RRPMdRR

-RR

PM

drdrRR

PMrdA

RR

PdMrdTdM

dNdT

RRA

A

dAPdN

dA

dN

A

P

kk

R

R

krdrddAk

k

d :

- , ..., .

5.1

, , C D. 180lb, 0.15.

- , ..., .

:

.

, .

- , ..., .

R , , , b.

b , mm in. .. 0.25mm - 125mm -.

WbPr0WbPr

0B

- , ..., .

... .

b .

R .

Coulomb : =b, b R.

. .

.

- , ..., .

6.1

120mm 2% , .

- , ..., .

6.2

1Mg 460mm . 1mm.

- , ..., .

6.3

2000lb , 5in. 0.025in 0.0625in , P .

- , ..., .

6.4

35t 8 32in 5in. , 0.02, 0.015 0.02in. ) . ) .

- , ..., .

, , .

- , ..., .

, :

(, , , , .)

( , , - , , , , .)

( , .)

- , ..., .

- , ..., .

:

:

:

:

- , ..., .

, , . : . : , ,

, . : . :

/ , .

- , ..., .

:

- , ..., .

(). .

To .

- , ..., .

: u: y:

: 1PascalSecond = 1PaS 1Poise = 1P = 10-1PaS 1Centipoise = 1cP = 10-2P = 10-3PaS 1reyn = 6890 PaS

dy

du

() ( Newton):

- , ..., .

: 1meter2/Second = 1m2/S 1Stoke = 1ST = 10-4m2/S 1Centistoke = 1cST = 10-2ST = 10-6m2/S

v

() () () .

- , ..., .

:

SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers)

ISO VG (International Standardization Organization Viscosity Grade)

API (American Petroleum Institute)

ILSAC (International Lubricant Standardization and Approval Committee)

ACEA (European Automobile Manufacturers Association)

ASLE (American Society of Lubrication Engineers)

NIGI ( National Lubricating Grease Institute) ..

SAE

- , ..., .

SAE, : ,

(.. SAE 10W, SAE 30) ,

(.. SAE 10W/40, SAE 20W 50)

ISO

- , ..., .

API

- , ..., .

ILSAC

- , ..., .

ACEA

- , ..., .

(ISO )

- , ..., .

(SAE )

- , ..., .

(API )

- , ..., .

- , ..., .

() :

Engler (E):

Redwood I (R.I.)

Saybolt Universal (S.U.), .

E

- , ..., .

- 8. -

- , ..., .

, . . , , .

- , ..., .

, . (.. ), , . , , .

- , ..., .

, . , . .

. . .

- , ..., .

(.. ,), , . .

. , .

- , ..., .

T , .

, .

, , .

, , , , .

, , , .

- , ..., .

, , , , , , , .

, , . ,

. , , , , , .

- , ..., .

: 1.

. , , (), . , , .

2. .

3. .

4. , .

5. . 6. . 7. .

, .

Sommerfeld

- , ..., .

W =

r =

l =

c =

= rev/S

U =

f =

Sc

r

P

c

rf

P

c

rSSommerfeld

c

r

P

f

lPfrrrlPfrWf

rlW/P

c

Nlrrrl

c

rNr

c

rN

c

rN

c

U

dy

du

2

2

2

2

2

2

32

22)6(),5(

)6(:

Petroff)5(2)4(),2(

)4(2)2()3()( :

)3(2 :

)2(4

)2(2

)1())(( :

)1(22

)(:Newton

- , ..., .

6107.1 : P

- , ..., .

&

- , ..., .

- , ..., .

&

- , ..., .

- , ..., .

)/(

)/(

)]/(5.01[

8.30 oC rcNlQ

fcr

QQ

P

S

MPa

:

- , ..., .

8.1

30mm l/d = 1. 1440N 1200 rpm. 20m 50mPaS, , .

- , ..., .

8.2

80mm, l/d = 1 8rev/S. SAE 30 60C. 3000N 40m. , , , .

- , ..., .

8.3

: SAE 30, 65C 1800rpm, r = 20 mm, c = 0.04 mm l = 40 mm. , W = 2200 .

- , ..., .

8.4

. d = 7.62cm l = 7.62cm. W = 454.5kp N = 500 rpm. c = 6.35x10-3cm, SAE 30 = 26.6C. .

ΤΡΙΒΟΛΟΓΙΑ ΛΙΠΑΝΣΗ ΤΕΙ ΜΗΧΑΝΟΛΟΓΟΙ

Documents

Transcript of ΤΡΙΒΟΛΟΓΙΑ ΛΙΠΑΝΣΗ ΤΕΙ ΜΗΧΑΝΟΛΟΓΟΙ