Agile Solutions

1.00

2

1968. , 1975,

, ,

.

1986 ErgoData,

. 1992 , ,

. 1993 Financial Technologies,

Microsoft, bMASTER. , ,

IBS

. Intrasoft UniSystems .

2005 EuroBank, Project Manager Multi-Channel , 2007,

, Workflow Competency Center,

. .

, , , ,

.

, 14 2011

Mail: nkaramolegos@AgileSolutions.gr

Blog: nkaramolegos.blogspot.com

3

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1 H ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 11

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2 ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 24

....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 27

(Users Requirements) ............................................................................................................................................................................. 28

Outsourcing ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 30

........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 32

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.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 40

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3 .............................................................................................................................................................................. 43

4 ............................................................................................................................................................................... 47

....................................................................................................................................................................... 49

(agility) .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 54

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 58

5 .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 60

IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 61

PaaS (Platform as a Service) ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 62

SaaS (Software as a Service) ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 62

Cloud .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 63

4

6 IT Governance ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 68

7 Standards Frameworks ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 72

COBIT - Control Objectives for Information and related Technology .......................................................................................................................... 75

CMMI - Capability Maturity Model Integration .................................................................................................................................................................... 80

PMBOK PRINCE2 Project Management ............................................................................................................................................................................ 86

TOGAF - The Open Group Architecture Framework ........................................................................................................................................................... 87

ITIL - Information Technology Infrastructure Library .......................................................................................................................................................... 88

(Agile Methodologies) ................................................................................................................................................................. 90

8 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 101

9 ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 104

5

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1 The law of accelerating returns, http://www.kurzweilai.net/the-law-of-accelerating-returns

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4 . The Origin of Wealth: Evolution, Complexity and the Radica Remaking of Economics Eric

D> Beinhocker, Harvard Business Press

(Agility).

9

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Kevin Kelly, .

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http://www.think-act.gr/?p=24

14

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Walkman, CD/DVD, 85% ,

(. MP3, YouTube ). Sony; .

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Agile ()9.

9 F-16

Ming. Ming, F-16, .

, , F-16.

Ming F-16. F-16 (agility).

15

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leadership,

innovation. , . Peter Druker manager

, leader . leaders,

, managers.

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17

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(projects),

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18

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USD, EUR . -.

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, bits processors.

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11

, ( ).

We'd always thought that if you wanted

to cripple the U.S. economy, you'd take out

the electronic payment systems. Banks

would be forced to fall back on inefficient

physical transfers of money. he level of

economic activity across the country could

drop like a rock

Alan Greenspan, The Age of Turbulence

20

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minimum transactions.

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22

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, , (trade finance),

, , treasury, (investment banking) hedge

funds.

, ,

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.

downsizing

.

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23

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) )

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.

.

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.

When we finally enter into the post-crisis period, the business and economic context will not have returned to its pre-crisis state. Executives preparing their organizations to succeed in the new normal must focus on what has changed and what remains basically the same for their customers, companies, and industries. The result will be an environment that, while different from the past, is no less rich in possibilities for those who are prepared.

McKinsey: The New Normal, Ian Davis

24

2

,

,

.

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.

,

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,

.

, , Lean,

.

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.

25

,

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.

.

o , IT Governance,

.

7.

According to COBIT : IT governance is the responsibility of executives and the board of directors, and consists of the leadership, organizational structures and processes that ensure that the enterprises IT sustains and extends the

organizations strategies and objectives.

26

,

12.

.

(portfolio & project management), ,

, , , ,

..

70%-80%

, kick-off. , , , , ,

. ,

.

, , ,

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.

.

12

Connecting Dots: Aligning Projects with Objectives in Unpredictable Times , Cathleen Benko, F. Warren McFarlan

Harvard Business Press

Cathleen Benko, F. Warren McFarlan (20) Connecting Dots: Aligning Projects with Objectives in Unpredictable

Times, Harvard Business Press

27

(alignment) .

,

.

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28

, , IT Governance (ITG).

ITG ,

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.. (Key Performance Indicators-KPI)

, .

(Users Requirements)

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. :

1. / ,

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29

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4. , .

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( ROI) .

30

, 20% , .

,

,

.

.

,

, .

5%-10%

.

Lean & Agile ,

, 10% 50%, .

(Agile Methodologies) 7.

Outsourcing

, , ,

, ,

. partner, , outsourcing, standards,

31

, , , , .

, Service Level Agreement (SLA).

partner , ,

, . , ,

, , outsourcing

.

, virtualization,

, standards

.

, outsourcing ,

. ,

.

, ,

,

. .

Data Center .

32

outsourcing . ,

,

outsourcing .

, (standards)

.

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. ,

.

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.

.

.

IT Governance. 10.000 ,

risk management. ,

33

, , ,

.

7, .

.

,

. Enterprise System

. ,

, stress tests

.

, ( ),

. -, software components

. , ,

, .

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,

, NASA, , .

34

software,

. Boeing

757 16 . ,

bug software.

Enterprise System

.

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. .

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,

.

, ,

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.

. 100% software

, Fukushima.

35

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;

( ROI), .

, , .

2002, , ,

software, , 60 USD! NIST (National Institute of Standards

and Technology ), (test)

22 USD. . , software

, software .

, .

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36

, ,

.

. , MIT Seth Lloyd13

. ,

, . , -

, , .

(unmanageable).

. ,

,

,

, .

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13

Programming the Universe, Seth Lloyd, Knopf

37

,

. Business Process Reengineering (BPR)

1980. BPR Business

Process Management Lean Methodology

, .

,

, components.

Enterprise System components,

, , ,

,

. ,

.

(components) , ,

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5 , , 10, 10 45

15 105. 14. Enterprise

System .

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38

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, Gordon Moore, transistors

. (CPU) 18

18 .

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39

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proprietary .

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, , , ,

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(standards). , , Java

. , ,

Java . COBOL, Assembly,

Pascal, PL/1 , . ,

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40

, ,

(Cloud), Data Center 50%

, 3-4 15 (2011-2015).

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/

, :

A. H , , :

(Business Architecture),

(Application & Information Architecture)

(Infrastructure Architecture).

15

Data Centers 75% Cloud,

.

41

B. (Enterprise System) components.

.

(risk) ,

, :

a. (Registry) components .

components. .

b. , , .

.

Data Model, components.

C. ,

. Lean & Agile SCRUM. ,

.

, .

D. ,

/ .

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, Portal, Knowledge System,

webminars.

42

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43

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is Flat, 247 .

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44

50 , 1-2 .

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. 247

Tomas Friedman The World is Flat.

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subprimes

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Abacus

.

Goldman Sachs , Fabrice Tourre. , ,

45

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.

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18 , .

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. Pareto 20% 80% , ,

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.

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, ITC (Information Technology and Communications).

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46

Pascal .

,

.

ITC. cloud,

, telecommuting, collaboration, mobility, - , process

automation, SOA, Web 2.0, Web Services, Enterprise Architecture, Open Source, Agility

.

.

47

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48

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49

(Enterprise Architecture)

.

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. site Carnegie Mellon University, ,

150 ,

.

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TOGAF

. ArchiMate

16.

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, Business Plan .

.

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Business Plan .

(reference Architecture) ,

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16

Enterprise Architecture at Work, MarcLankhorst et al, Springer

51

, , , , .

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o .

-,

, IDS Scheer (Software AG ).

.

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(Business

Architecture), ,

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52

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(data models),

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53

. , Application & Information

Architecture Infrastructure Architecture

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54

(agility)

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. :

1. (Decoupling).

(complexity) , ,

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55

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a.

.

. (component)

,

, (

Break Compatibility).

b. , ,

. SLAs

.

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SLA ,

.

(outsourcing) . SLA

.

.

56

2. Abstraction & Layering

a.

,

, . ,

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.

,

.

.

, ,

, (layers tiers),

,

.

(Users Interface - UI) ,

57

. ,

UI. .

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layer .

, ,

.

. , ,

, Web Services (SOAP & WSDL RESTful

XML/JSON).

,

.

b. .

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SLAs.

58

,

. .

.

. , ,

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a) (projects),

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.

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59

. leadership

17.

b) O .

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.

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.

17

Gary Hamel, The Future of Management Harvard Business School Publishing (http://www.amazon.com/Future-Management-Gary-Hamel/dp/1422102505)

60

5

, , air conditioning, , , hardware software

. (CAPEX).

. 3-5

. Data Center

,

,

, ,

Disaster Center. Data Center , ,

, , .

, .

, (99,999%

). , Disaster Center, 247,

, on demand.

, , ,

. Outsourcing

. .

Virtualization, servers Data Center

. servers ,

61

. Data Center

.

Virtualization

.

(CAPEX OPEX) .

,

. .

,

, ,

.

Data Center Cloud,

Internet. Cloud :

IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)

Data Center, , , air conditioning,

, virtualized servers.

software, , database management systems,

.

IaaS Amazon Web Services ,

Data Storage Sites.

62

PaaS (Platform as a Service)

hardware (stacks),

, databases, Internet Servers, Version Control, Issue Tracking,

scripting , . Open Source18,

(licenses) Microsoft, Oracle, IBM .

(stacks) .

, ,

, Cloud, PaaS,

, , , , collaborative

development, .

PaaS Windows Azure Microsoft,

/ .

SaaS (Software as a Service)

Cloud. ,

(application software) Cloud. ,

Salesforce,

, , ,

, . ,

.

18

site (stacks) Cloud http://bitnami.org/

63

SaaS, SalesForce, Microsoft Office ERP Oracle ERP OpenOffice

.

Cloud

, Cloud.

.

20 .

,

(commodity) (utility).

, .

, , , .

.

Cloud , ,

. , , ,

, . Internet.

Cloud ,

.

64

Cloud (elasticity)

, , .

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,

,

.

Cloud

21

.

.

, , Cloud,

Data Centers 25% 2010.

25% , .

65

In House Cloud, Cloud Internet

,

,

. Cloud.

,

Cloud.

. .

. ,

Amazon, Google, Yahoo, SalesForce, IBM, Microsoft, Oracle

SLA, standards.

, Data Centers.

, .

Cloud, .

Amazon S3

Data Centers, . ,

.

SOA (Service Oriented Architecture)

/ Cloud

.

66

.

(Hybrid Coud), In-House

Cloud Cloud

, .

2020 Cloud

, , .

.

Cloud .

Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer, all in ( )

Cloud.

,

.

Proprietary .

portability Platform Software Hardware. ORACLE database UNIX,

Mainframe, Linux, Windows Hardware. ,

67

, . 2003

Nicholas Carr Harvard Business Review19 Does IT matter?

, Hardware System Software, ,

, .

( ).

.

24 , .

Carr Hardware System Software

, , .

, .

. Cloud,

. .

Nicholas Carr. ,

..

19

http://what.csc.villanova.edu/~cassel/2500/S2008/carr2003HBR.pdf

68

6 IT Governance

terra incognita, ,

, , .

. , ,

. , ,

. .

,

. , , supercomputers

(CPU). CPU chip, transistors,

.

. (Operating Systems), Windows, Linux,

(database)

. components

, .

.

,

.

69

.

,

, .

IT Governance (ITG).

To ITG ,

, , .

,

,

SOX.

ITG , .

ITG, ,

. ITG ,

, ,

, ..

IT Governance Corporate Governance.

(frameworks)

. , COBIT, IT Governance

IT Governance . IT Governance

.

70

IT Governance , , .

,

. ,

ITG, ,

,

Balanced Scorecard. ,

, ,

,

. Balanced

Scorecard ,

. ,

. KPIs (Key Performance Idicators) ,

. KPIs ,

, ..

,

. ITG

. IT Governance ,

MIT CISR research has found that firms with effective IT governance have 20% higher profits than their competitors.

71

, . Center

for Information Systems Research MIT IT Governance 20%

.

72

7 Standards Frameworks

software .

, , .

, , , .

, ,

.

, , , .

, , .

.

. IT Governance standards.

, , .

patterns anti-patterns. patterns

, anti-patterns

. patterns anti-patterns (frameworks).

, , , .

, ,

, .

. .

73

(frameworks) PMI PRICE2,

. IT Governance COBIT.

.

, ,

. ,

, . ,

,

.

standards. computer,

computer , (QWERTY),

, ASCII , , standards .

Standards. PCs USB . USB

. USB 2.0 USB 3.0, . .

patterns, (frameworks) (standards)

. ;

. , .

, ,

, .

, , ,

, , , , mouse .

74

hardware

software. - de facto standards.

. Microsoft DOC PDF format, 50%

de facto standard. format,

DOC PDF.

, ,

, , . MP3 ,

.

.

(Workflow).

, BPMN (

).

, XPDL.

, standards

.

Hardware,

System & Infrastructure Software, Database management system, Content Management, Process Engine.

(competitive advantage). Software

. Software , ,

75

.

.

20.

,

.

, ,

.

(frameworks) ,

, .

, ,

IT Governance.

COBIT - Control Objectives for Information and related Technology21

.

, , TAXIS

, , ,

, .

20

Software

. Merlyn Monroe !

. ,

. 21

http://www.isaca.org/Knowledge-Center/COBIT/Pages/Overview.aspx

76

. , .

, .

, ,

.

.

. 20/80. 20% 80% . 20%

, , , ..

80% . ,

20%, . .

,

,

, , IT Governance,

COBIT 22 IT Governance

.

, .

, , ,

22

http://www.isaca.org/Knowledge-Center/COBIT/Pages/Overview.aspx

77

.

, .

,

23.

(Enterprise Architecture),

.

. ,

, , , , .

.

, ,

.

23 Connecting the Dots: Aligning Projects with Objectives in Unpredictable Times, Harvard Business Books

COBIT SOX.

78

IT

Governance.

, . ,

,

. , ..

.

COBIT

Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA), ,

Dr. W. Edwards Deming. COBIT,

Plan & Organize, Acquire & Implement, Deliver & Support Monitor &

Evaluate ,

.

Check, , Balanced

Scored Card IT Governance.

79

COBIT Val

IT Risk IT,

, .

IT Governance,

,

.

, ,

. ,

,

.

,

.

,

.

80

COBIT

ITIL

SCUM

CMMI PMI or PRINCE2 TOGAF,

SOA-BPM

. meta-

process .

.

Project Management (PMI/PINCE2),

(CMMI),

(TOGAF/SOA-BPM),

(SCRUM) (ITIL).

, IT Governance,

.

.

.

ISO 17799

IT Governance.

CMMI - Capability Maturity Model Integration24

, ,

component. CMMI.

24

http://www.sei.cmu.edu/cmmi/

81

software, , , .

,

,

,

,

.

Software Engineering Institute,

Carnegie Mellon,

CMMI, ,

software

, :

1:

.

software

.

. ,

. ,

. .

2: project , , , .

,

82

software, (issue tracking),

. project.

. , ,

, .

,

Best Practices. .

.

, ,

.

, ROI, .

!

3: ,

, .

. .

, , .

. .

. (waste) .

software ,

.

83

3 ,

.

4: software ,

.

.

, software

, .

3.

5: , , ,

4

.

CMMI 5.

84

CMMI software,

.. CMMI, , SEI

Carnegie Mellon .

CMMI, 3,

,

, ,

.

- .

CMMI ,

, .

, . , ,

, , SEPG (Software Engineering Process Group),

,

. SEPG , ,

.

, SEPG .

CMMI .

. CMMI (framework), ,

85

. , ,

,

.

CMMI ,

, , .

, Siemens ,

CMMI .

.

86

PMBOK25 PRINCE226 Project Management

.

.

.

PM (

Project Management Institute) PRINCE2

(PRojects IN Controlled Environments). PMI

,

PRINCE2 ( ),

.

(CMMI 1 2)

,

Project Management

. . Project Manager

.

, , . Project Manager

25

http://www.pmi.org/PMBOK-Guide-and-Standards.aspx 26

http://www.prince-officialsite.com/

87

) ) )

, , .

Project Manager

. , ,

.

- . ,

(separation of concerns). Project Manager

.

TOGAF - The Open Group Architecture Framework27

, (enterprise)

.

TOGAF , 1995 .

, .

,

, , .

27

http://pubs.opengroup.org/architecture/togaf9-doc/arch/

88

TOGAF

. TOGAF

.

SOA (Service Oriented Architecture)

.

.

ITIL - Information Technology Infrastructure Library

1980,

,

.

.

TOGAF "enterprise" .

, enterprise , ,

, ,

. enterprise

(partners), , ,

89

, ,

. ITIL Lite.

ITIL

. Operations

.

ITIL .

, ITIL,

.

, , PRINCE2

Project & Program Management Structured Systems Analysis and Design Method (SSADM).

ITIL ITSM (IT Service Management),

, ,

. ,

, , , .

, ITIL; .

.

90

(Agile Methodologies)

,

, Agile Methodology, SCRUM. Waterfall,

, , .

. -,

.

,

.

,

. ,

, .

, ,

, Waterfall, 1960,

.

, 1970 Winston W. Royce,

!

91

!

, .

Waterfall ,

,

. , , -

. ,

,

, .

(Rapidly

Changing), ,

50% ,

.

,

.

.

, , ,

. ,

92

Toyota Production System.

Lean, Kanban, Just-In-Time Manufacturing,

, , ,

.

Lean, ,

. ,

project management, Kanban.

, ,

,

DNA. Toyota

, 28.

Toyota ,

Prius . 18

150 , 48 600

. 1/10

!

28

, . Decoding the

DNA of the Toyota Production System, Steven Spear H. Kent Bown, Harvard Business Review

(http://twi-institute.com/pdfs/article_DecodingToyotaProductionSystem.pdf)

93

Lean Kanban Software

Agile Methodologies.

, 2001, Agile Manifesto.

, Waterfall

, , .

:

1. -

software.

2. , .

.

3. software

, .

4. .

5. (motivated) ,

, , .

6.

.

7. (working) software .

8. Agile ,

.

94

9. - (agility) software.

10. , ,

.

11. , ,

.

12. .

Waterfall.

Waterfall

. ,

, .

(scope)

,

.

Agile .

scope ,

. .

, ,

nice to have,

. .

95

, ,

.

, .

.

. .

.

,

.

Agile . ,

, ,

, .

, , Agility,

.

, , ,

, SCRUM,

.

, SCRUM, SDLC Extreme Programming (XP).

Agile Methodology ,

96

. , .

, Lean, Kanban, 6 CMMI,

.

,

,

.

.

AM 29,

,

.

,

http://www.versionone.com/state_of_agile_development_survey/10/page3.asp

Waterfall

software.

29

Answering the "Where is the Proof That Agile Methods Work" Question(http:/www.agilemodeling.com/essays/proof.htm)

97

, ,

, , -. -

. , Program Management,

.

SCRUM

SCRUM . .

. , ,

, , .

, , ,

backlog, . .

,

,

(users stories)

,

.

sprints,

.

98

sprint.

, .

Sprint Backlog. .

sprint. , ,

. , Planning Poker

.

, sprint

. Sprint 2-4 .

sprint

.

, , .

sprint.

SCRUM Master, Project Manager,

.

. stand-up meeting, 10.

.

sprint, software (continuous

integration) (users

99

stories30). ,

.

.

sprints

. Sprint .

, , 3-5

sprints, .

,

!

McKinsey

Lean & Agile .

.

30

Users Stories: http://www.mountaingoatsoftware.com/articles/27-advantages-of-user-stories-for-requirements

100

, Agile Methodologies , 60%

, 16%-27% , .

, 35% , 8% 12%

. , 25% 41%.

101

8

.

,

, , .

.

.

,

.

, .

,

. ,

, .

.

.

, , .

, ,

. , ,

102

. ,

, ,

.

, , .

65% . 1/3

, .

100%. , .

, 65%, , ,

. .

,

.

,

.

,

.

.

, , , , , ,

, .

103

,

, IT Governance,

..

104

9

.

, ,

..

,

.

. .

.

. Time to

Market .

Agile , , . Agile

Agile.

IT Governance. ITG

Corporate Governance.

blue print

.

, .

. .

105

, ,

.

Edwards Deming, .

"Every organization must be prepared to abandon everything it does to survive in the future."

Peter Drucker

What is a danger is that we stay stuck in a New Normal where unemployment rates stay high, people who have jobs see their

incomes go up, businesses make big profits. But theyve learned to do more with less, and so they dont hire.

Barack Obama, Nov. 7, 2010