ΡΩΜΙΟΣΥΝΗ ΡΩΜΑΝΙΑ ΡΟΥΜΕΛΗ

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1 ΡΩΜΗΟΣΥΝΗ ΡΩΜΑΝΙΑ ΡΟΥΜΕΛΗ Του π. Ιωάννη Ρωμανίδη ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟ Α' ΤΑ ΙΣΤΟΡΙΚΑ ΠΛΑΙΣΙΑ ΤΗΣ ΡΩΜΗΟΣΥΝΗΣ ....................................................... 3 1) ΤΑ ΕΘΝΙΚΑ ΟΝΟΜΑΤΑ. ....................................................................................................................... 3 2) ΑΝΤΙΦΑΣΕΙΣ ΕΙΣ ΤΗΝ ΕΥΡΩΠΑΪΚΗΝ ΙΣΤΟΡΙΚΗΝ ΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΗΝ. .......................................... 8 3) ΟΙ ΝΕΟΓΡΑΙΚΟΙ ΕΝΑΝΤΙ ΤΩΝ ΕΝ ΠΡΟΚΕΙΜΕΝΩ ΑΝΤΙΦΑΣΕΩΝ. .............................................. 9 4) ΠΕΡΙΓΡΑΦΗ Η ΣΧΕ∆ΙΟΝ ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑΣ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΣΜΩΝ.......................................................................... 10 5) Ο ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΟΣ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΣΜΟΣ ΤΩΝ ΡΩΜΑΙΩΝ ............................................................................... 11 6) Η ΡΩΜΑΪΚΗ ΘΕΩΡΗΣΙΣ ΤΗΣ ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑΣ ΕΝΑΝΤΙ ΤΗΣ ΕΥΡΩΠΑΪΚΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΡΩΣΙΚΗΣ. .... 15 ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ Β' ........................................................................................................................................... 19 Η ΑΠΟΜΑΚΡΥΝΣΙΣ ΤΩΝ ΦΡΑΓΚΩΝ ΑΠΟ ΤΗΝ ΡΩΜΑΙΟΣΥΝΗΝ .......................................... 19 ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ Γ' ΤΑ ΘΕΜΕΛΙΑ ΤΗΣ ΡΩΜΑΙΟΣΥΝΗΣ ΕΝΑΝΤΙ ΤΗΣ ΜΕΣΑΙΩΝΙΚΗΣ ΕΥΡΩΠΗΣ ....................................................................................................................................................... 23 1) Η ΡΩΜΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ ΩΣ ΕΝ ΤΩ ΚΟΣΜΩ ΗΓΕΣΙΑ................................................................................ 23 2) Ο ΙΕΡΟΣ ΑΥΓΟΥΣΤΙΝΟΣ ΚΑΙ Η ΦΡΑΓΚΟΣΥΝΗ. ............................................................................ 24 3) Ο ΕΠΑΡΧΙΩΤΙΣΜΟΣ ΤΩΝ ΦΡΑΓΚΩΝ ΚΑΙ Η ΕΠΕΚΤΑΤΙΚΗ ΤΩΝ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΚΗ. ............................ 26 4) ΘΕΜΕΛΙΩ∆ΕΙΣ ΠΑΡΑΝΟΗΣΕΙΣ, ΕΚ ΜΕΡΟΥΣ ΤΟΥ ΑΥΓΟΥΣΤΙΝΟΥ ΚΑΙ ΤΩΝ ΕΥΡΩΠΑΙΩΝ. ............................................................................................................................................... 27 5) 0Ι ΕΝΑΝΤΙ ΤΗΣ ΡΩΜΗΟΣΥΝΗΣ ΙΣΧΥΡΙΣΜΟΙ ΤΩΝ ΙΙΡΟΤΕΣΤΑΝΤΩΝ....................................... 31 6) ΣΧΕΣΕΙΣ ΑΜΒΡΟΣΙΟΥ ΚΑΙ ΑΥΓΟΥΣΤΙΝΟΥ..................................................................................... 31 7) ΠΑΡΑ∆ΕΙΣΟΣ, ΚΟΛΑΣΙΣ ΚΑΙ ΑΠΟΦΑΤΙΚΗ ΘΕΟΛΟΓΙΑ. ............................................................... 33 8) ΕΥΡΩΠΑΪΚΗ ΚΑΙ ΡΩΜΑΙΙΚΗ ΘΕΟΛΟΓΙΑ ΣΗΜΕΡΟΝ. .................................................................... 34 ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ ' ΕΞ ΕΠΟΨΕΩΣ ΡΩΜΑΙΟΣΥΝΗΣ ............................................................................. 35 1) Ο ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΟΣ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΣΜΟΣ ΚΑΙ Ο ∆ΥΤΙΚΟΣ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΣΜΟΣ ΣΗΜΕΡΟΝ............................... 35 2) ΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΟΝΙΚΗ ΠΡΟΟ∆ΟΣ ΕΝ ΣΧΕΣΕΙ ΠΡΟΣ ΤΗΝ ΦΡΑΓΚΟΣΥΝΗΝ ΚΑΙ ΤΗΝ ΡΩΜΑΙΟΣΥΝΗΝ. ......................................................................................................................................... 36 3) ΤΑ ∆ΟΓΜΑΤΑ ΚΑΙ ΟΙ ΚΑΝΟΝΕΣ ΤΩΝ ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΙΚΩΝ ΣΝΝΟ∆ΩΝ ΤΗΣ ΡΩΜΑΙΟΣΥΝΗΣ ΕΙΣ ΤΗΝ ΦΡΑΓΚΟΣΥΝΗΝ. .......................................................................................... 38 4) Η ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑ ΤΗΣ ΦΙΛΟΣΟΦΙΑΣ ΕΙΣ ΤΗΝ ΕΥΡΩΠΗΝ. ...................................................................... 39 5) Η ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑ ΤΗΣ ΚΛΑΣΣΙΚΗΣ ΦΙΛΟΛΟΓΙΑΣ. ................................................................................... 39 6) Η ΠΟΛΙΤΙΚΗ ΚΑΙ Η ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑΣΤΙΚΗ ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑ. ........................................................................... 39 7) ΟΙ ΡΩΜΑΙΟΙ ΠΑΤΕΡΕΣ ΚΑΙ ΟΙ ΦΡΑΓΚΟΛΑΤΙΝΟΙ ΣΧΟΛΑΣΤΙΚΟΙ. ............................................ 40 8) Ο ΕΥΡΩΠΑΪΚΟΣ «ΦΕΟΥ∆ΑΛΙΣΜΟΣ». .............................................................................................. 40 9) ΤΑ ΦΕΟΥ∆ΑΡΧΙΚΑ ΘΕΜΕΛΙΑ ΤΩΝ ΙΣΧΥΡΙΣΜΩΝ ΤΩΝ ΦΡΑΓΚΩΝ ΟΤΙ ΥΠΕΡΕΒΗΣΑΝ ΤΟΥΣ ΠΑΤΕΡΑΣ ΤΗΣ ΡΩΜΑΙΟΣΥΝΗΣ. .................................................................................................. 43 10) Η ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ ΤΩΝ ΡΩΜΑΙΩΝ ΩΣ ΤΟ ΚΑΤΕΞΟΧΗΝ ΦΡΑΓΚΙΚΟΝ ΜΕΣΟΝ ΚΑΘΥΠΟΤΑΞΕΩΣ ΤΩΝ ∆ΥΤΙΚΩΝ ΑΛΛΑ ΚΑΙ ΑΝΑΤΟΛΙΚΩΝ ΡΩΜΑΙΩΝ ΕΙΣ ΤΗΝ ΦΡΑΓΚΟΣΥΝΗΝ. ........................................................................................................................................ 43 ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ Ε' ΕΤΕΡΑ ΤΙΝΑ ΕΞ ΕΠΟΨΕΩΣ ΡΩΜΑΙΟΣΥΝΗΣ.................................................... 45 1) ΤΙΝΑ ΕΠΙ ΠΛΕΟΝ ΠΕΡΙ ΡΩΜΑΪΚΩΝ ΕΘΝΑΡΧΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΦΕΟΥ∆ΑΛΙΣΜΟΥ. ................................. 45 2) Η ΥΠΟ ΤΩΝ ΦΡΑΓΚΩΝ ΚΑΤΑΛΗΨΙΣ ΤΗΣ ΕΘΝΑΡΧΙΑΣ ΤΗΣ ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΑΣ ΡΩΜΗΣ. ......... 50

Transcript of ΡΩΜΙΟΣΥΝΗ ΡΩΜΑΝΙΑ ΡΟΥΜΕΛΗ

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1) . 1951 , . . . . , . . : ; : . , , . . . , . ' , ' . , , , , . , , , , . ' . 1[1] , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , . , ' ' (325), , (352-366).

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, -, ' 2[2]. , , . , - 3[3]. 4[4], - 5[5], . 6[6] , . .

2[2] , ', 35. 3[3] 537 - 538 . J. . Bury, History of The Later Roman Empire, New York, . 2, . 183. 4[4] To Imperator Graecorum Imperator Romanorum ' Hincmar (805-882), MGH, Ss, I, 475. ' (858-867) ' (842-867). RPR, , 2690, 2682, 2796: Mansi, XV, 162, 168, 191. ' ' . MGH, Ep. VI, 454. . ' Imperator. Mansi, XV, 170, 178, 186, 216. ' Imperator Romanorum, Imperator. ', , Imperator . 109, , , ' Imperator Graecorum , 962 , Graecorum, . .. ' ' (963-1025) . S. Runciman, The Place of Byzantinum in the Medieval World, CMH, IV, II, 355. Imperator Constantinopolitanus Graecus, Graecorum, Rex Graecorum . . ' ' 867 . . . Basilius Fidelis Imperator Romanorum, Nicolao Sanctissimo Papae Romano, & Spirituali quoque Patri nostro. Mansi, XV, 819. 867 ' Imperator. , , . , , . 5[5] Imperator Romanorum , . Capitularia . Imperator Romanorum. Patricius Romanorum Rex Francorum Rex Longobardorum. Mansi, XVIIB, Baluzius I, 271 - 272, 273 - 274, 329 - 330. Romanorum , , 800 Patricius Romanorum , / ' . . , / Romanorum . Capitularia 801 Karoli Magni, Imperatoris. . . Imperii. Karoli Magni primo. Karolus, divino nutu coronatus, Romanum Gerens Imperium, serenissimus Augustus. , 345 - 346. To 802 Karolus.. . Augustus. . . Magnus, Pacificus Imperator, Romanorum Gubernans Imperium... , XIII, 1062. To 804 Karolus Imperator Augustus, Romanum Gubernans Imperium. To 806 Romani Rector Imperii. , XVIIB, 439 - 440. To Imperator, Romanorum Gubernans Imperium, , 461-462, 483 - 484, 499 - 500. To 813 Imperator Augustus. , 505 - 506. To 814 . 6[6] . . '.

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. , , , . ' 7[7]. , . , , , . . . (30), , ' 8[8]. . , . 1821 , 18219[9]. , . . . , , , , , 10[10]. - . , . 11[11].7[7] . 8[8] , , , 1970, . 9[9] V. C. Samuel , . . , . 10[10] . '. 11[11] . . , . , ', 1970, . 604, . 138 139. 1833 1835 ,

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, ' , , . , ;12[12]. , ', , , , , 13[13]. , , . , , 14[14]. . , . , . . ' . , , , , . , , , , . 15[15]. . , . , , , , . , , , , , , , . , , , , . 12[12] , V, 403-405. 13[13] , 253 - 2154. 14[14] (), , , ... () ( ) . --, . 15[15] . () ' ' . . . ,

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, . 1821 , , , , 16[16]. , , , , , , , , , , , , , 17[17]. 18[18]. , , , , . 1821 , . , , , , 150 ! '... ' 18, . , , , 1870 - 1912, 1973, . 27 (. 1), . 31 (. 4), . 34 (. 1), . 54 (. 2). . - , , 1974, , . 28, . 5-39. 16[16] . . , , 1960, . 51. 17[17] () () . 18[18] ' . :. Nicephori Gregorae, Romanae, hoc est Byzantinae Historiae, Libri XI, (), 1562. (14 ). , . 18 . , , ', , . 265: . . , , 1960, . 33.

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. . ' . , . , , . , . ' , , , . , , , , , 19[19]. , , . . . , , , . 20[20] , , , , , , . 50% , 25% - 30% (), . 21[21]. .

19[19] , . 20[20] 85-90%. Grigore Nandris, Rumanian Language, EB, XIX, 652-653. . , , 1972, . 21[21] , 25-30%, , . () . , , , ' . , , , , . 80% ; , . Shqipetar. . . shqip tar, accipiter - . . . , , , 1972 - 1973, . 118 - 119. . , -. . , , , ( ),

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' , ' , . , , , . 22[22]. , . ; . , , , : . . ' , . ' , , , . . . . . , ( ), , , . 120. . , JE. amp, The position of Albanian, Ancient Indo-European Dialects, Ed. H. Birnbaum and J. Puhvel, Univ. Calif. Press 1966, . 97 121, . Zacharie ayani, The Etruscans Begin to Speak, New York 1961-1962, . . Sknder Anamali, Nga Ilirt tek Arbrit ( = ) : Eqrem abej, Problemi i vndit t forminit t gjuhs shqipe (= ), , . ', (), , 1973, . 39 - 112. 22[22] ' . . . , . , , , , . 30 . , , . , . 1828 .

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, . , ' , , 23[23]. , . , . . , , , . 24[24]. . 2) . , , ' . ' . imperator Graecorum25[25]. ! 26[26]. , , . , , ; ;23[23] 22. 24[24] , . , .. , . , . , 1971, . 15. ' . . . 25[25] 3, 4 5 . . 26[26] Ibn haldun (1332-1406) Roman (610 - 641) Byzantine . , , , . An Arab Philosophy of History, Selections from The Prolegomena of Ibn Khaldun of Tunis (1332- 1406), Translated and Arranged by Charles Issawi M. A. Adjunct Professor of Political Science in the American University of Beirut. 22 113 . 107 . 150.

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. , , . , , , . , ; . " . . , . , , , ' . . , , , , . , , ; . , , . , Arnold Toynbee, 27[27] . , . , , - , , , , , . , . ' , 27[27] A Study of History, D. C. Smerell, Oxford University Press, London 1962, . 12, 195, 244, 261, 296, 366, 372-3, 422, 495, 549, 562. Toynbee 23 1948 Life Toynbee 7 . Civilization on Trial The World and the West 1947 A Study of History D. C. Smerell.

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, ' , ' . , ; ' , ' . . . 3) . , , Arnold Toynbee . Toynbee Toynbee 675 28[28]. Toynbee . , 29[29]. Toynbee , ' . , 30[30]. ' - ' . , .

28[28] . Smerell A Study of History . 10 - 12, 14, 153 - 4, 194, 197, 225, 244, 247, 256, 261, 476, 492, 532, 549, 635 - 9, 913. 29[29] . 319 - 321 476 .. . 30[30] . Toynbee . 0 ' . 700 .. , V, 19 . . 21 .

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, , . ( Toynbee ' ), . Toynbee , . . , . ' , . Toynbee , , , , . , , ' . , , , , . Toynbee , , , . Toynbee, . , , , , . , , , , . ...31[31]. , . . Toynbee ... 31[31] Civilization on Trial and The World and the West, The World Publishing Co., New York 1965, . 166.

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, , ( ), 32[32]. 4) . ; . , , . , . , , . ' , , , , . . , . , , . Toynbee , . , , . , . . . ' , . , , , 32[32] , . 175.

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, ' . ' . , , , . 5) 33[33] . , , . ' .. 34[34]. , 35[35], . 272 .. ' , . . . . , Fabius Pictor Cincius Alimentus , 200 .. , 36[36].

33[33] , . ', 9/75. 34[34] A. J. ynbee, A Study of History, Abridgement by D. C. Somervell, London, 1962, . 408. 35[35] . Gary, A History of Rome, London 1962, . 269 : . J. Rose, A Handbook of Latin Literature, New York 1960, . 20 . 36[36] . Gary, , . 270: . J. Rose, , . 111 - 114. .

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150 .. , 37[37]. ' . , , , 38[38]. ' .. , , 39[39]. 92 .. 40[40]. , 41[41]. , . , ' 42[42]. , 43[43]. () 44[44]. 45[45]. , , 46[46].37[37] . Gary, , . 269 - 270. 38[38] . 39[39] , . 462. 40[40] , . 463. 41[41] 92 .. 91-83 .. . . Gary . . 42[42] 91 - 83 .. ( , , , ) , , , ' . 43[43] . Gary, , . 463. 44[44] . 45[45] . J. Rose, Latin Literature, . 348-349. 46[46] , . 352.

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' , . (69-79 ..) 47[47]. (98 - 117) 48[48]. (117 - 138) 49[49]. graeculus50[50]. 51[51]. (161 - 180) . . . 52[52]. ' . . ' ' 53[53] . , . , . , , , , , 54[54].

47[47] . Gary, . 690. 48[48] , . 691. 49[49] . 50[50] , . 692. 51[51] . J. Rose, Latin Literature . 512. 52[52] , . 469. 53[53] . . , , 1948, . 116. 54[54] , . . ' , , , ' , ' . . , '

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50 . 257 - 25855[55]. , 56[56]. 250. , 57[57]. 58[58]. 59[59]. , , , , , , , , 60[60]. , .

. , . , , ' . 55[55] . . , , 1948, . 75: . . Rand, The Latin Literature of the West from the Antonines to Constantine, C , XII, 602 - 603. 56[56] . . Rand, , 590. 57[57] nulla enim verba ilia noveram. ', 13-14. 58[58] ' ' ' . R. Seeberg, History of Doctrines, Grand Rapids 1958, . II, . 16. 59[59] . ', , 1957: , 1973: , , 1975. 60[60] .. F. Cayr, Manual of Patrology and History of Theology, Paris 1935, . 1, . 522, 529, 533, 571, 584, 595. , , . . 59 .

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, , , , ' ' 61[61]. , . , 62[62]. , 338 ..63[63]. 350 270 .. 64[64]. . 183 .. 65[65]. 187 .. 66[66] . 126/5 .. 67[67]. 91-83 .. , 68[68]. . , 69[69]. - 92 .. , . , 61[61] . 62[62] . Cary, , . 93 - 94. 63[63] , F. A. Adcock, The Conquest of Central Italy, CAH, VII, 586-587. 64[64] M. Cary, , . 144. 65[65] , . 249. 66[66] . 67[67] Hugh Last, Gaius Gracchius, C , IX, 45 - 46. 68[68] . Cary, , . 322-323. o 8 10 , . 69[69] . Cary, , . 127, 322, 411, 555, 605, 622, 640, 643 . 27.

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, . . . . , - . . , . , , . ' , , , . . , . ' . 6) . , 70[70]. -. . , 71[71]. ' (936-973) ' (1806) , . . . . 70[70] , , 1930, . ', . 133. 71[71] , , , , . .

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. : . , 72[72]. , , , 73[73]. , ' 74[74]. 1901 12 , 75[75]. , , . . , , , , , , , . ' . ' , , , ' Filioque 80976[76]. , , , , , ' 879.72[72] , 1805, . 37. . . , , 1960, . 51. 73[73] . , , . 40-45. () . Cassell's French Dictionary, French - English / English -French, London 1946, . 311, Grec , , , - miser, sharper, blackleg, cheat. 74[74] , . 75[75] . . , ; . . 1901, . 3. 20 . . . . . . . 76[76] . ' '.

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754 , , 867 . ' 650 750 18 11 7 77[77]. . ' (936-973) 100978[78]. (), () ( ), 1009 , , 1009 . . , . . . . . 75679[79]. 1009. . , , imperium graecum, terra graecorum. , 80[80]. Romagna , . . ' ( ) , , .

77[77] The Byzantine Patriarchate, George Every, London 1947, . 204-206. 78[78] . '. 79[79] Gerhard Seeliger, Conquest and Imperial Coronation of Charles the Great, C , II, 600 - 601. . '. 80[80] . '.

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, , . . , , , . . , . , 81[81]. , 754 1009 , . . . , . 754 . , . , , . . !

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. . , , , 200 - 1500 82[82]. , . . . . , , ' . ' , . , 1009 1009, . , 83[83]. . . 82[82] Fernand Mourret, A History of the Catholic Church, London 1936, . , . 439 : J. Gay, L Italie Meridionale et l Empire Byzantine (8671071), Paris 1904, . 285. 83[83] . .. ... ..., , . 18. , , , . , .

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, , ' ' , . . (artisans) (burghers) (1789) , . . , . , . . , ' . . , . , ; ; ' 1965, , . . . , . . . , . ,

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84[84]. , .

' 85[85] ' , , . . . 794 ' . 808, 809 Filioque . ' ' . ' Filioque, , , , , , , . , , , . . , , , . .

84[84] . . , , , , . XIX, . 1 -13. 85[85] 11 1971 . . . . , ', 1971. , 1973.

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, . , , . , , . ', Filioque. , . , . , , . ' , 885. . ' (885 891), . . . . . , . ' ' (858 867), , . ' (872 882), , , ' Filioque ' 879.

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1) ' 86[86] 2) 87[87], , . ', Filioque, , , 88[88]. ' 89[89], , . ' . . 90[90]. ' Filioque , . , ' . Filioque ' . Filioque 794 809. ' . 1) Liber adversus Graecos, Aeneas 91[91]. 2) Contra Graecorum opposita, Ratramnus Corbie92[92] 3) Responsio de fide S. Trinitate contra Graecorum haeresim, 93[93]. ' . 1) . 2)86[86] Mansi XVII, 493-496. 87[87] , 516-517. 88[88] , 525. 89[89] . 90[90] , 493. 91[91] PL 121, 685 - 562. 92[92] , 225 - 346. 93[93] 119, 1201-1212.

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867 ( ). 3) imperatores. 4) . ' 962 963. (Deutsch) 1009 Filioque , 879 ' ' 869 . . . , ' , Filioque . ' 94[94], ' ' , , , ' . ', ' ' 1009. 963 , ( ) . . . ' Filioque. , 95[95]. ' 94[94] Francis Dvornik, The Photian Schism, Cambridge, 1948. 95[95] . Filioque , , , , ,. () , ' , ' , . . , , II, 328 - 329.

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, ' Filioque , . , 794 809, ' Filioque, 1009 1014, Filioque , ' ' . , . . Filioque . 1014 ' Filioque . ' 1009 . 1054 , . 1054 '96[96]. , ' 97[97] 98[98]. , ' , . ' 99[99]. , , , , , , . ', 1009100[100]. . 96[96] PG 120, 781-796, 816-820. 97[97] , 788-789. 98[98] , 797-800. 99[99] , 789. 100[100] F. urret, History of the Catholic Church, London 1941, . 4, . 90 - 91.

30

, ' 101[101]. , . 102[102] ' , Filioque103[103]. , 104[104]. : . , , , , ;105[105]. , 106[106]. 1054 , Filioque 107[107]. Filioque , ' , , , ... , 108[108]. ' ' (, ) . 1054 . 1054 Filioque. 1009 Filioque 101[101] PG 120, 800. 102[102] . 16. 103[103] A. Michel, Humbert und Kerullarius, Paderborn 1924 - 1930, . , . 20 - 40. . G. Every, The Byzantine Patriarchate, London 1947, . 149. 104[104] PG 120, 788. 105[105] , 797. 106[106] , 800. G. Every, . 19 . 156, Steen Runciman, The Eastern Schism, London 1956, . 65 , . 1) 1054, 2) , . 107[107] . 22. 108[108] PG 120, 804-805.

31

, ' Filioque. ' ' 879 , ' ' Filioque , , 1009, 1054, Filioque . ' 109[109] 1) . , , ' , 1821. , . (1969), . , 200 . , , ' ' . 109[109] 30 1971 . . ' . , , , . . ' , . . , ; 1901, . 6 . . . . . , , . ' . . . , , . 6.

32

, . , 110[110]. , , , 111[111]. , , , . , , . . ' . . . . . , , , , . , , . . ' . . , , , .110[110] , , II, 37. 111[111] . . , , 1957 , , , 1975.

33

, , . , . , 112[112]. 2) . , . , , . , , , 113[113]. , , . . ' , . , . , , , , . , , , 114[114]. , 529 115[115]. . ' , . ' .112[112] , Collationes , 8 - 10. 3 Notes on the Palamite Controversy and related topics I, II, GOTR, VI, 2, (1960-61), 186-205: IX, 2, (19631964), 225 - 270. 113[113] A', 13 - 14. To , . 3 4, . ' 1. De Trinitate, III, Pref. . 114[114] . . 115[115] Reinhold Seeberg, History of Doctrines, Grand Rapids, Michigan 1958, . , . 368-382.

34

' . . , , ' , 116[116]. ' , . . ' , . , . , ' , , , Filioque. Filioque , , , 117[117]. ' Filioque . 808 809 Filioque . . , 118[118]. . Filioque , ' . , , . , Filioque , ' . ' Filioque 119[119].

116[116] , . II, . 16 . . ' . , . 342 - 378, Filioque , , . 117[117] , . 340 - 341, 309 - 339. 118[118] , . 342 . 119[119] Aeneas F. Drnik Ratramnus, Corbie, . The Photian Schism, . 280.

35

' , 120[120]. ' 879, Filioque ' . ' . ' , . , ' . 3) . , . , , . ' . , . , , 1009 . ' ' , , 1.500 , . , 121[121].120[120] G 102, 344 . 121[121] . ' 82.

36

, . , . , . , , 122[122]. , . ' . , 123[123]. 1075 ' (1073 1085) , , . , 1071 , . . , , ' . ' , ' , , , 124[124], 122[122] , . . ; . . , , , . , , 1957. 123[123] '. PG 120, 781 - 820. 124[124] . . , , 1948, . 345, 443-444. . . , '

37

, , , . ' . . . ' ' 125[125]. ' 879 Filioque, 869126[126]. Filioque . , , , , , , . 4) , . , 127[127]. , 128[128]. Filioque . , , 129[129], 130[130] , ., . . , (.. . 485 - 491), . , . 125[125] George Every, Byzantine Patriarchate, London 1947, . 115. 126[126] . '. 127[127] Contra Academicos, III, 20, . , . . , , . , . 128[128] .. De Fide et Symbolo, 19 . 129[129] .. De Trinitate, II, Pref. 130[130] Monologion (PL 158, 141-224) Proslogion (PL 158, 223-242) (1033 - 1109) (1093 - 1109). . .

38

' 131[131]. 132[132]. . , , , , , 133[133]. , , , , ' . , , , . . 529 (. ), , , 134[134]. , , ' 135[135]. ) , , ' . . 14 , 136[136]. 131[131] .. R. Seeberg, History of Doctrines, Grand Rapids 1958, . II, . 96 . 132[132] Contra Academicos, III, 19. 133[133] ' (1225 - 1274), ( , Moerbecke Brabant, (1204 - 1261). Sir Ernest Barker, Aristotele, , II, 345. ' , . . , , : " . Candal, Studi Testi, Citta del Vaticano, 1945, . 116. , ( . Barker) ' ' . ; ; ' ' ; 134[134] J. S. Romanides, Original Sin According to St. Paul, St. Vladimir's Quarterly, New York 1955, . IV, . 1-2: To , 1957. 135[135] R. Seeberg, History of Doctrines, Grand Rapids 1958, . , . 289. . 26. 136[136] Expositio Epistolae ad Galatas, PL 35, 2105-2148.

39

137[137]. 433 7. , , 138[138]. . 6) , , , . , ' 139[139]. 140[140]. ) , Filioque. 393, , 12 ' 141[141]. . 1) , 142[142] , ' . 143[143] . . , . , , , 137[137] Expositio Quarumdam 84 propositionum ex Epistolae ad Romanos, L 35, 2063 - 2088. 138[138] Epistolae ad Romanos Expositio Inchoata, L 35, 2088 - 2106. Retractationum, Liber I, XXV (XXIV), L 32, 623 - 624 Sed deinde alia volumina cessavi adiungere exponendo epistolam totam, ipsius operis magnitudine ac labore deterritus, et in alia faciliora deflexus sum. Ita factum est ut librum quem feceram primum, relinquerem solum, cuius esse titulum volui: Epistolae ad Romanos inchoata expositio. 139[139] De Trinitate, III, Pref. 1. 140[140] , III, Pref. 2. 141[141] De Fide et Symbolo, PL 40, 181-196. Retractationum, XVII (XVI). , ' . . ' . . 142[142] De Fide et Symbolo, 19. 143[143] . . , , 1973, . 186 - 400 .

40

, . ( , , , , , , ' . , . , , , , , , , , , ..., . 2) ' , 144[144]. , . , 145[145]. . , . , , , . ' , ' . ) 0 , , , , ' 146[146]. , ' , 147[147]. 47 ' , . .

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41

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42

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44

E . , . , 167[167]. 7) , . Dante John Milton, . , . , , , , . , , , 168[168]. , 169[169], ' 170[170].

167[167] . , . , , . , 1) 2) . , , , , , , . , . . ' , . Notes On The Palamite Controversy, GOTR, VI, 2 (1960 - 61), . 186 - 205: IX, 2 (1963 - 64), . 225 - 270 , , 1975: , 1957: Justin Martyr and the Fourth Gospel, GOTR, IV, 2 (1958 - 59), . 115 - 134: , 1973. 168[168] . De Trinitate, , III. 169[169] . .. De Fide, I, 13 (83): V, 1 (25) : De Spiritu Sancto, I, 4 (55) : 14 (164 - 170): II, 2 (20). 170[170] . . , , 1973, . 240 - 267.

45

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. , . . (. 10) , .

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60

. , , . . 2% 1789191[191]. ' - ' 192[192]. ' , (Libri Carolini) 794. ' 193[193] ' 194[194], ' , 195[195]. ' (772 795)196[196].

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84

, , . , . . , . . . , . 1821, . , , , . 35 2 . , , . 0 , ' ' , , , . 1830 Fallmerayer235[235] ' , , . , , ' . , , . Fallmerayer . , 235[235]

J. P. Fallmerayer, Geschichte der Halbinsel Morea wahrend des Mittelalters, Stuttgart, 1830, . I.

85

, Fallmerayer 1836 ' ' , 236[236]. , . Fallmerayer, . . . . , . , . . , 1821 . . . (') . (') . , , . , 1) , , , 2) . . (, ) , 236[236]

, 1836, . II.

86

, . , . . ( ) . , , 146 .. 1821. 146 .. . , . . . , , , , . . , , , , . , , . . . , ' ' 1821. . . , ' . , , . . , . ' ,

87

, , , , ... . . , . . 0 , , , . . , . . . . , , , , , . . . . , , ' .. ' . . , . , , ... ... ... , . , , , ... ' . 1) 1821 , , , , , , , , 2) , , 237[237] . . 237[237]

defendo ' ' 1439. .

88

. (, ), . , , , , , . . , . 9) , .

, . ' . , , ... 238[238]. . Ibn Khaldum (' ) .. 239[239]. , ' ' . ; , 1) 2) . 240[240], 1) , 2) 3) .

238[238]

(/) , , 1970. . ' . 26. , . 41.

239[239]

240[240]

89

. () . . 10) . . 100 ' . . .. , . , , . . , , , 1821. 11) 1821 - 1844. 1) , 2) 212 .., 3) , 4) , , , , 241[241]. , . , , , , . .

241[241]

. . , ; 1901.

90

, , , . . . , , , . , , ' . , , , , , , , , , , , , 242[242]. , . . , , , , , , , , , ... , , . , , . ' .. . . . . , , . ( ) 243[243]. . , . , , , . , .

242[242] , '. , .

243[243]

.

91

, ' , . 1821 1829. . . . 1821 - 1829 , . . 1821 - 1829 . . . . 1821 1844. 1) , 1821 - 1829 2) , . , . . T 1821 1 1822, ' . 10 , : , , 244[244]. , , . 245[245]244[244]

. . , , , 1960, . 33. , . 34.

245[245]

92

' 1823 : , , . , , , , , , ' 246[246]. . . .247[247]. ' 1827 : , ' , . ' , , . ' , , , , . ' 248[248]. ' 1832 : ' . ' , , . ' , , . ' , , , . ' , , , ' . ' 249[249]. , ' , 250[250]. 1822 1832 246[246]

, . 47. , . 48. , . 62. , . 94 - 95. , . 96.

247[247]

248[248]

249[249]

250[250]

93

1) 2) . . ' 251[251]. . 3 1843 , , , 1829 1837 252[252]. . 1827 1829 . . , . . , . . . .

251[251]

' 1844 . , , , 1843 - 1844, . .

252[252] , . 720-721. . 3 . . ) 1827 , 1829 . ) , , 1837, . ) , , 1827 1832 1832 1837 , 1837 1843 . , , , .

, . , . . , 1932, . ', . 574. 1887 , . , , .., , . 68.

94

1837 . . , . . , , , . , ... , , ... , . , , , ;. . . ' . , , ;253[253]. , , , , . ' , , , ; , , 254[254] , , , . , , . 12) . . . , (. ', 8) , , . , . International Herald Tribune, 8 1975, . 5 253[253]

, . 191 193. , . 200.

254[254]

95

, . ! ( ) . , , 1911. . , , , . . ( ) . . , , , , . 1821 - 1844, , . , . , . , , , , . 1821 - 1827 , . . . 1901 255[255]. , . , ( ) , , , . '255[255]

. . , ; 1901, . 3 .

96

1) Romanorum . ' , , . ' . . , . , . . () . . ' , . , . . . , ' , ' , . , , ' . . , , . , . . .

97

, . ' , . ' ' , , , . . . 256[256]. , . , 257[257], , . ' , , . ' . , 258[258]. ! 6 7 . , , , . .

256[256]

. ', 5. .

257[257]

258[258]

. , , 1805, . 37. . . , , , 1960, . 51.

98

, . , . , ' ' , . , , (Graecia), , ' . , ' , . . , , ' , , . . 1821 , , , . Romanus Graecus . , . , , . , , , , . , , . , , . , .

99

. , (1438 - 1439) , , . , . 259[259] (1296 - 1359) o , 1341260[260]. , . . , , , , , , ' , ' , ' ' ; , ... , . , , ...261[261]. . ' . . ( ) , , , ' . , . , . . . . , , . - 962 1806 ' ', 259[259]

, , . , 1962, . , . 688, . 3, 693. . . , , , 348-416. , 427 - 428.

260[260]

261[261]

100

1783 ' (1780 1790). , , , , 16 , , . . . , , , , , , , . . . , 262[262]. . 1) ' . 2) . . . 0 , 3) . . , , . 4) ' Rmischer Kaiser, . 5) . 6) , , . , . 7) (. 6), (. 6), (. 6), , (. 7), (. 7), . (. 7),262[262]

' . .

101

. (. 8), , (. 9), , (. 9), , , , , , , , ' . (. 9), . , , , , , . (. 10), , (. 11), , , ... (. 14), , , , , . (. 15), (. 15). 8) ' 5, , , . , , . ' . . ( ) , , , . . , , ; . , , , . ' , , . . . . . , ' , .

102

, . , , ' . , , . , . , . . 263[263]. 264[264]. .. Du Gange, 1688265[265]. (. 1311) Latinus, 266[266]. Du Gange , . , , , , , , , sclavi, . , () , ' , . . ' . , . ' ' , 263[263]

. ', 5. . ', 2 . Du Gange, Carolo Du Frense, Glossarium ad Scriptores Mediae et Infimae Graecitatis, . II, 1688. . ', 5.

264[264]

265[265]

266[266]

103

, . , . , ' , . , . . , . Du Gange 100 . , . Du Gange , . Du Gange , , , . , Latinus, , Latino, in Gloss. Gr. Lat. in Lat. Gr. Latine, . Hinc latina lingua dicta romana, in Novella 21, lustiniani cap. I, ss, 2. , , , , , . Ex quibis liquet lustiniani aetate nondum omnino invaluisse, ut Graeci Byzantini recept appellatione Romani appellarentur. Hic porro addere lubet que scribit Liutprandus in Legat. Ex qua nobilitate (Romanorum) propagati sunt ipsi quos vos kosmocratores, id est imperatores, appellatis : Quos nos, Langobardi scilicet, Saxones, Franci, Lotharingi, Bajoarij, Sueni, Burgundiones, tanti dedignamur, ut inimicos nostros commoti, nil aliud contumeliarum, nisi Romane, dicamus, hoc solo, id est Romanorum nomine, quidquid ignobilitatis, quidquid timiditatis, quidquid avaritiae, quidquid luxariae, quidquid mendacij, imo quidquid vitiorum est, comprehendentes. ( . , Legat. ( Relatio de Legatione Constan