Τυποποίηση και Ποιότητα Τ.Ε.Ε.

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Τυποποίηση και ποιότητα στη σύγχρονη κοινωνία ΜΕ-ΤΠ∆Π ΤΕΕ, 2008 Σελ. 1 από 134 Τυποποίηση και ποιότητα στη σύγχρονη κοινωνία Η Ομάδα Εργασίας που συνέταξε το κείμενο αυτό συστάθηκε μετά από πρόταση της ΜΕ-ΤΠ∆Π για ενημέρωση των συναδέλφων στα συναφή θέματα. Περιεχόμενα α/α Τίτλος Θέμα Συντάκτες κειμένου Πρόλογος 1 Εισαγωγή. Ορισμοί της ποιότητας. Η σημασία της ποιότητας για τους Μηχανικούς. Ιστορική εξέλιξη. Ποιότητα και Ανταγωνιστικότητα. . Καλλιάνης Γ. Μαθιουδάκης Ι. Νόβας Ελ. Τζαβάρα 2 Νομοθεσία Νομολογία Ευρωπαϊκές Οδηγίες σε σχέση με την ποιότητα Ο ρόλος των Μηχανικών Παραδείγματα. Πηγές περαιτέρω ενημέρωσης (Σχέση της νομοθεσίας ΕΕ, με Εθνικό ∆ίκαιο, ∆ιαδικασίες εναρμόνισης και υιοθέτησης, κλπ.) . Καλλιάνης Γ. Μαθιουδάκης 3 Οι βασικές υποδομές ποιότητας: Τυποποίηση, Πιστοποίηση, ∆ιαπίστευση, ∆ιακρίβωση, ∆ιαπιστευμένα εργαστήρια ∆οκιμών και Ελέγχων. . Καλλιάνης Ι. Νόβας 4 Πρότυπα Τεχνικές Προδιαγραφές: Ορισμοί και έννοιες Αρχές Αρμοδιότητες έκδοσης και έγκρισης Παραδείγματα εφαρμογής. Β. Αγγελάκης Γ. Μαθιουδάκης Ι. Νόβας 5 Ο ρόλος των Οργανισμών Τυποποίησης ΕΛΟΤ: Ορισμοί και έννοιες Αρχές Αρμοδιότητες έκδοσης και έγκρισης Παραδείγματα εφαρμογής. Κ. Ιακωβίδης Γ. Μαθιουδάκης Μ.Μετινίδου 6 Πιστοποίηση: Ορισμοί και έννοιες Αρχές Αρμοδιότητες ελέγχου και επιθεώρησης Παραδείγματα εφαρμογής. Β. Αγγελάκης Ι. Νόβας 7 ∆ιαπίστευση: Ορισμοί και έννοιες Αρχές Αρμοδιότητες επιθεώρησης και έγκρισης Παραδείγματα εφαρμογής. Πηγές περαιτέρω ενημέρωσης Β. Αγγελάκης Γ. Μαθιουδάκης 8 ∆ιακρίβωση: Ορισμοί και έννοιες Αρχές Αρμοδιότητες ελέγχου και ακρίβειας μετρήσεων Παραδείγματα εφαρμογής. Ι. Πρέσβελος Ελ. Τζαβάρα 9 Εργαστήρια Μετρήσεις και ∆οκιμές: Ορισμοί και έννοιες Αρχές Αρμοδιότητες ελέγχων και δοκιμών Προβλήματα λειτουργίας των εργαστηρίων. Παραδείγματα εφαρμογής. Μ. Ζωάκος Ι. Νόβας Ι. Πρέσβελος Ελ. Τζαβάρα 10 Επιθεώρηση και έλεγχος: Ορισμοί και έννοιες Αρχές Παραδείγματα εφαρμογής. Μ. Ζωάκος . Καλλιάνης 11 Η σήμανση CE: Ορισμοί και έννοιες Αρχές Αρμοδιότητες χορήγησης και ελέγχου Παραδείγματα. Ελ. Τζαβάρα 12 Συστήματα ∆ιαχείρισης Ποιότητας (Οργανισμών): Ορισμοί και έννοιες Αρχές Αρμοδιότητες ανάπτυξης, έγκρισης, εφαρμογής και ελέγχου Παραδείγματα εφαρμογής. Κ. Ιακωβίδης . Καλλιάνης Γ. Μαθιουδάκης 13 Σύστημα ∆ιαχείρισης της Ποιότητας κατά ISO 9000:2000: Ανάλυση απαιτήσεων, ∆ιαδικασίες Έλεγχος εγγράφων και αρχείων Επιθεωρήσεις, Μη Συμμορφώσεις ∆ιορθωτικές Ενέργειες, Προληπτικές Ενέργειες Προτάσεις Βελτίωσης, Ποιότητας. Γ. Μαθιουδάκης

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Τυποποίηση και Ποιότητα στην Συγχρονη Κοινωνία. Συλλογική εργασία. Μόνιμη Επιτροπή Προτύπων & Τυποποίησης του Τεχνικού Επιμελητηρίου Ελλάδος

Transcript of Τυποποίηση και Ποιότητα Τ.Ε.Ε.

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ISO/IEC 17000: 2004, ISO/IEC GUIDE 60:2004 ISO/IEC 17001: 2005, ISO/PAS 17002: 2004, ISO/PAS 17003: 2004, ISO/PAS 17004: 2005 ISO/IEC 17011:2003 ISO Guide 68:2002 ISO Guide 58/ EN 45003 ISO/IEC 17010

EN 45011/ISO Guide 65:1996 Rc2000 ISO Guide 62:1996/ ISO/ IEC GUIDE 23:1982 EN 45012 Rc2003 ISO Guide 66:1999 ISO/IEC GUIDE 28:2004 ISO 17021 ISO/IEC GUIDE 53:2005 ISO/IEC GUIDE 67:2004 () ISO17030:2003

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EN 45004 ISO 17020 : 1998 Reconfirmed 2002

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EOTC : EUROPEAN ORGANISATION FOR CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT WECC : WESTERN EUROPEAN CALIBRATION COOPERATION EA : EUROPEAN COOPERATION FOR ACCREDITATION ILAC : INTERNATIONAL LABORATORY ACCREDITATION COOPERATION EAC : EUROPEAN ACCREDITATION OF CERTIFICATION EUROLAB : EUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR TESTING LABORATORIES IQNet : INTERNATIONAL QUALITY NETWORK & : , , (ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, ETSI) ()

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ISO/IEC 17000: 2004 , ISO 17001: 2005 ISO 17002: 2004 ISO 17003: 2004 ISO 17004: 2005 ISO/IEC Guide 60: 2004

Conformity assessment Vocabulary and general principles Conformity assessment Impartiality Principles and requirements Conformity assessment Confidentiality Principles and requirements Conformity assessment Complaints and appeals Principles and requirements Conformity assessment Disclosure of information Principles and requirements Conformity assessment Code of good practice

ISO/IEC 17025: 2005 ISO/IEC Guide 43-1: 1997 Reconfirmed in 2002 ISO/IEC Guide 43-2: 1997 Reconfirmed in 2002 (SDoC) ISO/IEC 17020: 1998 Reconfirmed in 2002 ISO/IEC 17050-1: 2004 ISO/IEC 17050-2: 2004 ISO/IEC Guide 23: 1982 Reconfirmed in 2003 ISO/IEC Guide 28: 2004 ISO/IEC Guide 53: 2005 ISO/IEC Guide 65: 1996 Reconfirmed in 2000 ISO/IEC Guide 67: 2004 ISO/IEC 17021: 2006

General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories Proficiency testing by inter laboratory comparisons Part 1: Development and operation of proficiency testing schemes Proficiency testing by inter laboratory comparisons Part 2: Selection and use of proficiency testing schemes by laboratory accreditation bodies General criteria for the operation of various types of bodies performing inspection Conformity assessment Suppliers declaration of conformity Part 1: General requirements Conformity assessment Suppliers declaration of conformity Part 2: Supporting documentation Methods of indicating conformity with standards for third-party certification systems Conformity assessment Guidance on a third-party certification system for products An approach to the utilisation of a supplier's quality system in third party product certification General requirements for bodies operating product certification systems Conformity assessment Fundamentals of product certification General requirements for bodies operating assessment and certification/registration of quality systems and of environmental management systems (EMS) General requirements for bodies operating certification of persons Guidelines for corrective action to be taken by a certification body in the event of misuse of its mark of conformity. 25 134

ISO/IEC 17024: 2003 ISO Guide 27: 1983 Reconfirmed in 2003

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ISO/IEC 17030: 2003 (MRAs) ISO/IEC 17011: 2004 ISO/IEC Guide 68: 2002

General requirements for third-party marks of conformity Conformity assessment General requirements for accreditation bodies accrediting conformity assessment bodies Arrangements for the recognition and acceptance of conformity assessment results

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O . . , , . 59 134

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5.3.4.1.3 DIN , DIN . 60 134

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. DIN , .. , DIN . DIN , , , DIN. DIN , . , . . . , .

5.3.4.2 BSi (British Standards Institution) 5.3.4.2.1 BSi BSi 1901 E O T . BSi B CEN, CENELEC ETSI E . , . , , , . BSi , IEC. 15.000 . . , ICS, (series) . 61 134

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. .. BS AU = automobile series. : : BS : BS AU : BS A, BS B, BS C, BS D, BS E, BS F, BS G1, BS G2 . : BS : CP : BS CECC, BS QC : BS DD : BS PD : BS PP CP : , , .

5.3.4.3 AFNOR (Association Franaise de Normalisation) 5.3.4.3.1 AFNOR AFNOR 1926 . AFNOR : , , , , (). AFNOR 20.000 , . , , , , . : A. B. - - - - - . 62 134

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C. D. - - - E. F. G. H. I. J. - -

K. L. - M. N. - O. - - P. Q. R. S. , T. / - / U. - - - AFNOR : 1 : 2 : 3 : 4 : 5 :

5.4 5.4.1

ANSI (American National Standards Institute)

5.4.1.1 ANSI ANSI 1918 . .

. 63 134

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. ANSI 1.400 , , , , . ANSI (4) : Healthcare Information Technology Standards Panel ANSI Homeland Security Standards Panel ANSI Nanotechnology Standards Panel Identity Theft Prevention and Identity Management Standards Panel (Panels) , .

5.4.2

ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials)-

AS ... 1898 , . , ANSI. ... ASTM , , , . ASTM 12.000 . ASTM 77 . (4) : (Standard Specification), , (Standard Test Method), , , (Standard Practice), ( ),

. 64 134

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(Terminology Standard), . , , ASTM.

5.5

. - http://www.elot.gr ISO International Organization for Standardization - http://www.iso.org CEN European Committee for Standardization - http://www.cen.eu/cenorm/homepage.htm CENELEC European Committee for electrotechnical Standardization http://www.cenelec.eu/Cenelec/Homepage.htm ETSI - European Telecommunications Standardization Institute - http://www.etsi.org/ IEC International electrotechnical commission-http://www.iec.ch ITU International Telecommunication Union -http://www.itu.int/ DIN - Deutsches Institut fr Normung - http://www.din.de VDE - Verband Deutscher Elektrotechniker - http://www.vde.de VDI - Verein Deutscher Ingenieure - http://www.vdi.de BSi British Standards Institution - http://www.bsigroup.com AFNOR - Association Franaise de Normalisation - http://www.afnor.fr ANSI - American National Standards Institute - http://www.ansi.org ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials-http://www.astm.org

. 65 134

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6.

6.1

ISO 17000 (certification)

: (. ), , , , . . ISO 17000, (accreditation) ( ), , . , () / ().

6.2 6.2.1

. .

, , . A.E., 7. ,

6.2.2

.

:. 66 134

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o

EN 45011:1998 (ISO/IEC Guide 65:1996) General requirements for bodies operating product certification systems. :

EA-6/01: Guidelines on the Application of EN 45011 ( ).

IAF GD 5:2006: Guidance on the Application of Guide 65: 1996.

6.2.3

.

: o EN 45012:1998 (ISO/IEC Guide 62:1996) General requirements for bodies operating assessment and certification/registration of quality systems. : IAF GD2: 2003 (issue 3, 1 Nov 2003) EA-7/01: EA Guidelines on the Application of EN 45012. ( ). IAF GD 2: 2005: Guidance on the Application of Guide 62: 1996.

6.2.4

.

: o ISO/IEC 17021: 2006. Conformity assessment -- Requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of management systems. : IAF GD6: 2003 Issue 3 1 Nov 2003 716: 2001 ( EMAS).

6.2.5

, ISO/IEC 17021:2006, EN 45012:1998 (ISO/IEC Guide 62:1996).. 67 134

- , 2008

General requirements for bodies operating assessment and certification/registration of quality systems, , .

6.2.5.1 . ISO/IEC Guide 62:1996 ISO/IEC Guide 66:1999 ISO/IEC 17021:2006 Conformity assessment Requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of management systems. IAF, ISO, 15 2008, . , , . , , , ISO 22000, ISO/IEC 27001:2005, (supply chain security) ISO/PAS 28000:2005. , , ISO, 888.000 161 ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004.

6.2.6 . ISO/IEC 17024:2003 General requirements for bodies operating certification of persons, 45013, IAF GB24:2004.

6.3 6.3.1

. : (initial testing). 68 134

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(surveillance) (testing of samples) (testing of a sample product) (type testing).

6.3.1.1 . ISO/IEC Guide 67:2004 Conformity assessment. Fundamentals of product certification. , , . (7) . ISO/IEC Guide 28:2004 Conformity assessment - Guidance on a third-party certification system for products , , System 5 approach. ISO/IEC Guide 65:1996 General requirements for bodies operating product certification systems (competent) . ISO/IEC Guide 53:2005 Conformity assessment Guidance on the use of an organization's quality management system in product certification . ISO/IEC Guide 65.

6.3.1.2 . 69 134

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. , , . , , . : , , , , , , , , / , , , , , , . CE . "CE" , .

6.3.2

, , ISO 9000 14000. .. 70 134

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(audit), , ISO 19011:2002.

6.3.2.1 (...) , , . (.. ) . , : , . (. 6.1) : 1

. site www.urenio.org.

.

1

, , . ISO 9001:2000.

. 71 134

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6.3.2.2 ISO 14001: 2004 / AS ISO14001:2004, , . ISO14001:2004 ISO 9001:2000 . Eco-Management and Audit Scheme EMAS , , .

OHSAS 18001 - & H HSAS 18001 , , , .

. 72 134

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6.1

.. 73 134

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SA 8000 - (Social Accountability) SA 8000 , .

ISO/IEC 27001:2005. . ISO/IEC 27001:2005 . . . ISO/IEC 17799:2005 .

ISO 22000:2005. . ISO 22000:2005 , , , . ISO 22000:2005 : , , , , . . . . . HACCP (Hazard Analysis of Critical Control Points), 1416,

. 74 134

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.

H PAS 99H PAS 99 (Publicly Available Specification) , , . . : ISO 9001 Quality ISO 14001 Environment BS OHSAS 18001 Occupational Health and Safety ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security ISO 22000 Food Safety ISO/IEC 20000 IT Service

:

6.3.3

. , , , , , , .

. 75 134

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, , , . (... ..) , ISO /IEC 17024. : ISO/IEC 17024:2003 Conformity assessment - General requirements for bodies operating certification of persons , . .

6.3.3.1 IPC (International Personnel Certification Association) , , . 1993 ( IATCA) . IPC 24 5 . 300.000 35 . IPC . , , .

6.3.3.2 : . 76 134

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42558/5591/22-07-02 ( 996//1-8-2002).

- , , , , , , . . 7.1 .

6.4 6.4.1

... . ... , .. , , : (http://portal.tee.gr/portal/page/portal/COMMITTEES/me/ME_TPDP). , , , () ..., .

6.4.2

. http://www.elot.gr ISO International Organization for Standardization http://www.iso.org ILAC - http://www.ilac.org/ IAF - http://www.iaf.nu/ EA - http://www.european-accreditation.org/default_flash.htm

. 77 134

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. . .

. . .

, . . .

6.1:

.. 78 134

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7.

7.1

- ISO 17000 (certification)

: - , , , , . , . ISO 17000: (accreditation) , (tasks) . A.E., E.Y.. . E.Y.., N. 3066/2002 , 1994, . " " - " European co-operation for Accreditation" (), . (Multilateral Agreement - MLA) . ... 7 . MLAs ILAC (International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation) IAF (International. 79 134

- , 2008

Accreditation Forum), . (), (), (), , , , .

7.2 7.2.1

International Accreditation Forum Inc. (IAF) , , , . () , . () / . IAF , () ( ).

7.2.2

() A.E. (...), , ISO 17000, (designating authority), , , , () , . A.E., N. 3066/2002 E , Y A 1994, (...). (50) . T O ... :

. 80 134

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... , . ... . , , , , , . , , /. , EN ISO/ IEC 17011:2004 ( Conformity assessment General requirements for accreditation bodies accrediting conformity assessment bodies). , I.A.F. (International Accreditation Forum) .. (European network for Accreditation).

7.2.3

/ , / , . . / . 81 134

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, . O O (), . O . , 45000 / 17000 ISO/IEC. , O (Multi-Lateral Agreement, MLA), . ... . - 5 , ( ) , .

7.2.3.1 / ( ) - / . : ( ), (.. ). ( ), . , . , , .

. 82 134

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, , / , , . /

. / , . / . ... , : i) , , ii) iii) , : , , , , , , , . : ( , , ). ( ). ( ). - . ( ). . ( , ). .. 83 134

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-

, ... ... ( ...). ( ), . ( ). . ( ). . (Accreditation Certificate)

/ : / (scope). ( EA/NACE ) / ( ). / (.. ISO 17025:2005) ( ) (certificate registration number).

: / , , , . , / . ... , , , : / , / , / / ... / , ... .. 84 134

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... , / ... ( ). ... / , ... : / / / ( ), / / ( ). ... (http://www.esyd.gr), / - .

7.2.3.2. ... 1. / 2. : EN ISO 9001, ... EN ISO 17025. , / ... / . 1 / / EN ISO 17025 * EN ISO 15189 ISO/IEC 43-1 ILAC-G13:2000 . 85 134

EA / ILAC

List of EA Publications, EA 01/01 (rev. 3, December 2007) www.europeanaccreditation.org

- , 2008

* ...

2 / * ... ISO/IEC 17020 * EN ISO/IEC 17021 EN ISO/IEC 17021 ISO/IEC 17024 ISO/IEC 17021 ISO/IEC 17021 761/2001 List of EA Publications, EA 01/01 (rev. 3, December 2007) www.europeanaccreditation.org EA

7.2.4

/

..., / (http://www.esyd.gr/pinakes.php). , ..., : 1. 2. 3. 4. E 5. K.T.E.O. 6. 7.

7.3

. 86 134

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. http://www.ypan.gr http://www.esyd.gr http://www.elot.gr EA - http://www.european-accreditation.org EIM - http://www.eim.gr - http://www.elot.gr/bodies.htm - http://www.esyd.gr/ EPTIS - http://www.eptis.bam.de EURACHEM - http://www.eurachem.org HELLAS LAB - http://www.hellaslab.gr IAF - http://www.iaf.nu/ ILAC - http://www.ilac.org/ ISO - International Organization for Standardization http://www.iso.org http://portal.tee.gr/portal/page/portal/SCIENTIFIC_WORK/scient_typopoiisi//organismoi , . ISO/IEC Guide 60:2004 - Conformity assessment -- Code of good practice ISO/IEC Guide 68:2002 - Arrangements for the recognition and acceptance of conformity assessment results ISO/IEC Guide 23:1982 - Methods of indicating conformity with standards for third-party certification systems ISO/IEC Guide 7:1994 - Guidelines for drafting of standards suitable for use for conformity assessment ISO 15189:2007 - Medical laboratories -- Particular requirements for quality and competence ISO/IEC 17000:2004 - Conformity assessment -- Vocabulary and general principles ISO/PAS 17001:2005 - Conformity assessment - Impartiality -- Principles and requirements ISO/PAS 17002:2004 - Conformity assessment -- Confidentiality -- Principles and requirements ISO/PAS 17003:2004 - Conformity assessment -- Complaints and appeals -- Principles and requirements ISO/PAS 17004:2005 - Conformity assessment -- Disclosure of information -- Principles and requirements ISO/IEC 17011:2004 - Conformity assessment General requirements for accreditation bodies accrediting conformity assessment bodies. 87 134

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ISO/IEC 17020:1998 - General criteria for the operation of various types of bodies performing inspection ISO/IEC 17021:2006 - Conformity assessment -- Requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of management systems ISO/IEC 17024:2003 - Conformity assessment -- General requirements for bodies operating certification of persons ISO/IEC 17025:2005 - General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories ISO/IEC 17030:2003 - Conformity assessment -- General requirements for third-party marks of conformity ISO/IEC 17040:2005 - Conformity assessment -- General requirements for peer assessment of conformity assessment bodies and accreditation bodies 45011:1997 - General criteria for certification bodies operating product certification ISO/IEC 17021:2006 - -

. 88 134

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8.

8.1

,

. . , , , . EN ISO 9002 (7.6 ) , . , . . . . . . (, , , ...) . .

8.2

H

/ L-STD-45662 Calibration system requirements, , , . .

. 89 134

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. , . , . / . / . : ( 1) .

: , ISO/IEC 17025, , , , . ( 2 3) ( ) . . ( 2) ( 3). ISO/IEC 17025. / ( 4) , , ... .

. 90 134

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. . H , / ( / / ) : / / .

8.3

. . , , , , ( ) , . , , .

8.4

. . ( 2 3), , , . , . .

8.5

. . 91 134

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. .

: , , , .

: .

: (traceability) , , , , .

: , , . . , 95%. : . , . (. , 01-/01/06/20-06-2007): ) . ) , . ) (.. ) , , .. 92 134

- , 2008

) , . ) ( ) . ) , . ) , . ) , . ) . ) (-) (-), (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) . ) , . ) (.. ), , . ) / . . ) . ) , () . ) . ) .. 93 134

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8.6

, " ", . ( 02-/01/03/10-052006).

, " ", . ( 01/01/06/20-06-2007).

ISO/IEC 17025:1999. General Requirements for the Competence of Calibration and Testing Laboratories, ISO, Geneva, 1999. L-STD-45662 Calibration system requirements . : .

. 94 134

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9.

, . , . ( ), / ( ). ( ). ISO 17025 .

9.1

, VIM (International vocabulary of basic and general terms in metrology) ISO/IEC17000.

.

: , / /.

: , . . 95 134

- , 2008

. ( ) . , , .

: . , . . .

9.2 ...

. . , , . . , www.esyd.gr. ... : . . .

(Hellaslab) HellasLab 1997 , . . HellasLab, Eurolab, , & . 96 134

- , 2008

HellasLab , , . , .

9.3

.

.... . ..... , . , ISO 17025 ( , , ). , . , .

... () .2231/94 , , . . . ... : , . .. 97 134

- , 2008

, , , . , . .

www.eim.org.gr .

, . , : o o o o o o o , , , , , , . . . . , . . .

, . , : & - , .

. 98 134

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, . in situ . , , . . . .... . (.. .....), (.. , , ) . .... , .

9.4 9.4.1

. ISO/IEC17025.

ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories , . : . , . . . . . ISO/IEC 17025, :

. 99 134

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-

. . . (traceability) , . . . ,

-

-

. : 1. , . . ( ), , . . 2. . . : 3. , , , . 4. , . 100 134

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5. , . . 6. , . . 7. . 8. 9. 10. , . 11. 12. 13. 14. . :. 101 134

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1. . . . . 2. . . . . 3. , . . 4. , . . . . . 5. . 6. 7. 8. . . .. 102 134

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9. . . . .

9.4.2

ISO/IEC 17025.

, , . 9.1.

9.6

.

www.esyd.gr : www.hellaslab.gr www.eurolab.org www.a2la.org www.urenio.org www.eim.org.gr www.ilac.org www.eurochem.org

. 103 134

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.

9.1:

. 104 134

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10.

10.1

, ( ), . ( , ., , , ), / / . , / / ( , , , ). / , (, , ) , , / , , . PLAN-DO-CHECK-ACT-PLAN , Francis Bacon Dr. W. Edwards Deming.

10.2

/ . , ISO 9000, , , , , . ISO 19011, (, ), . , ISO 9000, , ( ).. 105 134

- , 2008

10.3

, : . , , . . , . / ISO 19011. , . (.. EN 9331:1997: Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates, : 13 ). . 10.1 / .

10.4

/ , . , / . , : / / ( ;) , / / / / .

. 106 134

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, (.. ). / /

( ) / (, , )

/ ( )

/

/ ( , , , , o o, )

/

?

10.1:

/ / .

10.5

1) , . 2) , , ( ) , . 3) , , / , / , / .

. 107 134

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10.6

(i) , (ii) , (. ). (ISO, ASTM, DIN ) , . . .

10.7

. http://www.elot.gr / http://www.ggde.gr/ ISO International Organization for Standardization http://www.iso.ch CEN European Committee for Standardization http://www.cenorm.be : ISO 10005:2005 Quality management Guidelines for Quality Plans ISO 10012:2003 Measurement management systems - Requirements for measurement processes and measuring equipment ISO 19011:2002 Guidelines for quality and/or environmental management systems auditing ISO/IEC 17000:2004 - Conformity assessment -- Vocabulary and general principles ISO/PAS 17001:2005 - Conformity assessment Impartiality -- Principles and requirements ISO/PAS 17002:2004 - Conformity assessment -- Confidentiality -- Principles and requirements ISO/PAS 17003:2004 - Conformity assessment -- Complaints and appeals -- Principles and requirements. 108 134

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ISO/PAS 17004:2005 - Conformity assessment -- Disclosure of information -- Principles and requirements ISO/IEC 17011:2004 - Conformity assessment General requirements for accreditation bodies accrediting conformity assessment bodies ISO/IEC 17020:1998 - General criteria for the operation of various types of bodies performing inspection ISO/IEC 17024:2003 - Conformity assessment -- General requirements for bodies operating certification of persons ISO/IEC 17025:2005 - General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories.

. 109 134

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- : / 12 1 . 7/ 25 (, , , ) , , / . . . 5 < < 35 ( )