1

2

:

.

, ,

. ,

.

, :

,

, .

2

.

) )

. ,

, ,

.

, ,

,

- .

2.1

,

.

. ,

.

, :

.

3

.

,

,

, ,

. , ,

, ,

,

.

.

, ,

.

,

.

,

.

,

. ,

,

, , .

,

.

1/ 2

,

, , , ,

. , (

forum)

.

4

2.1.1

,

( ,

, ).

, , ,

,

(Parke & Slaby, 1983 Hogg & Vaughan, 2010). ,

,

( &

, 1997), ,

, ,

,

( , ..) ,

(, 2003 & , 1986).

, ,

,

, , , ,

,

, ,

(- &

, 2004 , 2003). ,

(Schott, 1972, , 2010 , 2004 &

, 2011 , & , 2013).

:

1. ( ). , . , .

2. ( ). , (Bandura, 1973 , 2003).

5

(Hunt, 1993 Bushman & Anderson, 2001 Walker, 2010 Del Vecchio,

2011): ) , ,

) ,

,

..

,

) ,

.

, ,

( & , 2000), ,

,

,

,

(, 2007

& , 2000 -, .., 1999).

,

.

,

,

, ,

. , Herbert (1998 , .., 2006),

, ,

.

,

, (.. , ,

..)

( & , 2000 , .., 2006 , 2007).

, ,

.

,

.

,

6

, ,

(, 2003).

,

,

: -,

(, 1997; & , 1986),

(, 1990 Parke Slaby, 1983).

,

,

. , ,

1/3

(Ollendick &

Hersen, 1983 , 1997).

, , ,

,

.

, .

(, , 2004

Parke & Slaby,1983):

,

.

, (Hasan, Drolet, & Paquin, 2003 Craig, et al., 2009 Currie, et al., 2012 , ., 2012 , 2013):

1. 12 18 2.

3. 4. , ,

.

7

(2013),

, ,

, -

. ,

,

, , , ,

. ,

, ,

(

).

,

(Hughes et al., 1999).

,

. ,

, ( , 2010).

, , , ,

,

, ,

.

, ,

,

.

, ,

,

.

(.. ,

) ( , 2014.

;), ,

8

. ,

, (, ,

),

(Dogra & Bhugra, 2013 Huessler, 2013 Jelonkiewicz, 2013 Nenniger

& Frey, 2013, 2014).

. ,

, , .

,

. ,

,

, 10%

. ,

11 , 3 2006 ,

, ,

.

,

(, 2013:13):

( )

,

/

(, )

,

,

( ) .

,

,

.

,

,

9

.

. -

(, 1991),

.

.

, ,

, .

(, 1991),

, (, & ,

2012). , , ,

,

, .

,

(, 2013).

, .

.

,

, ,

(, 2010:31).

(Schachar &

Wachsmuth, 1990 Bouchard, et al., 1996 Greene & Doyle, 1999 Frick, 2004): )

,

:

, (, , , ..),

, , , ,

, , )

, ,

:

, , ,

10

.

,

(, 2008).

, ,

,

(Kohlberg, 1989

, 2010). ,

.

, , .

(..

..), (Lereya, Samara &

Wolke, 2013). , , ,

,

,

. , ,

,

, ,

. ,

.

,

.

,

. ,

(Demaray & Malecki, 2002 Garnefski, 2000 Schaffer, 1996 Hartup,

1993). -

(Salmivalli, 2010).

, ,

. , ,

,

11

, ,

(Coleman & Hendry, 1990 , 2010).

, /

( , 2005):

,

( ) ..

.

2/ 2

Dear Dad - (Anti-Bullying Short Film) link:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5H8RnV9b_cY

. ,

.

(forum) .

2.1.2

,

,

(, 1995, , 2006).

. ,

,

(, 1988).

, , .

12

:

, Edwin H.

Sutherland .

Sutherland

,

.

Sutherland,

,

,

.

,

,

, ,

, .

(1985),

. ,

, ,

, ,

, .

.

,

.

,

(Chapple, et al., 2005 Ozbay & Ozcan, 2006).

,

.

13

,

. ,

( )

( )

. , Hirschi

, .

.

, ,

,

(, , )

(, 2001:16)

.

Albert

Bandura,

, , .

Bandura (1973 , 2003),

,

.

) )

, . , ,

,

, , .

,

,

, ,

.

,

,

(, 1997 Hogg & Vaughan, 2010).

14

Robert K. Merton,

(, 2011: 86). ,

(

) , ,

,

.

- ,

, - .

,

, ,

(, 2011).

, ,

,

,

(, 1985) ,

.

,

, ,

(, 2006).

.

15

3/ 2

, (forum)

video

(

) - .

,

,

.

, .

/ The Asch Conformity Experiment (Greek Subs)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P7tVy88FTJE&index=2&list=PL7E7AF1ABC32

CA9FF

Milgram

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eIvzE2GWopE

:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W_Ick0EOrYs

16

2.2

, ,

, .

, :

.

,

,

.

,

, -

.

,

, ,

,

. ,

17

- , , ,

.

,

,

(, 2002).

,

.

-

, , ,

(Hogg & Vaughan, 2010 Li, 2008

Parke & Slaby, 1983).

(Bronfenbrenner, 1994): ) (

, , ,

..), ) -

( ,

, ..) )

(,

..) (.. ,

).

2.2.1.

.

,

.

, ,

18

, ,

,

. ,

,

(Crosnoe & Cooper,

2010). ,

(

) ,

,

(-, 2009). ,

, ,

,

.. (-, 1995).

(Dishion, French, & Patterson, 1995

Cowie, 2000 Shields & Cicchetti, 2001 Stevens et al., 2002 Connolly & O Moore,

2003 Lereya, Samara & Wolke, 2013).

. , Holt,

Kaufman Finkelhor (2008)

.

,

,

.

, ,

, ,

(Cowie, 2000 Tremblay, 2000

Eysenck, 2013).

, .

, ,

, ..

19

Duncan (2004),

(connectedness) .

,

.

,

(Flouri & Buchanan, 2003 Georgiou, 2008 Bowes et al., 2010).

, ,

(Farrington, 2000).

, , ,

, , ,

, ( , )

..

,

(,

2006).

,

.

:

,

,

20

.

(Eysenck, 2013 , 2013 , 2000)

(broken

home) , (,

2011 Hasan, Drolet, & Paquin, 2003).

, .

.

,

.

, ,

, ,

(, 2000).

,

,

,

(, 2011).

,

,

(, , ),

(Hasan, Drolet, &

Paquin, 2003 Duncan, 2004 Spriggs, et al., 2007). ,

, , ,

, -

- ,

- ,

(Shields & Cicchetti, 2001 Stevens et al., 2002).

. ,

,

21

.

2.2.2.

:

1

1. . . . . . . ; 2. . 3-4 . , . .. . 3. , , , , . , .. 4. .., , . , , .

1 : in.gr. . http://reviews.in.gr/greece/bullying/Article/?aid=1231238573

22

2

1. .

, . ,

.,

2. .

,

. .

.,

3. . , ,

. . ,

. , ,

.,

4. 15,

. , .

.,

2 : Schooligans. !

http://www.theschooligans.gr/site/index.php?option=com_content&task=blogsection&id=6&Itemid=3

0

:

(, 2001:149).

23

() 4/ 2

, (forum)

,

. [

(forum) ]

,

,

.

,

,

. , ,

,

(Parsons, 1955 , 2010). ,

(Nansel, Overpeck et al.,

2001 Eisenberg, 2003)

(Bishop, et al, 2004). ,

,

(Nakamoto & Schwartz, 2010 Wang, et al., 2014).

,

,

.

, ,

(arls,1994).

,

,

(, 1997 Dishion, French, & Patterson, 1995).

24

.

, ,

, .

,

,

.

, , ,

.

(2001:88)

,

, .

(1998)

:

) (..

, ) )

(..

) ) (..

).

:

.

(, 2013; & , 2000)

25

-,

,

. ,

, ,

, , ,

.

,

.., , ,

.

(2011)

, ,

,

. ,

, ,

,

(Marion, 2003).

,

,

- (degradation ceremony). , ,

,

.

(2009, 2013),

,

, ,

(

).

,

,

. , ,

,

26

. , ,

,

,

(Marion, 2003).

.

3

.

, , .

, ; ;

: .

, , ;

; 15 ( );

, bullying;

! , 7-9

, Schooligans.

.

,

, .

:

: ,

, , , ,

.

,

.

bullying ( )

: , , , ..

, ,

, .. / .

5 15

, .

.

3 : (Schooligans. !

http://www.theschooligans.gr/site/index.php?option=com_content&task=blogsection&id=6&Itemid=3

0

27

.

, ..

.

.

.

.

.

,

.

, .

.

, .

.

,

(. , ,

,

, ..). , ,

, ,

(Hong

& Eamon, 2011).

,

,

,

, (Combe,

1972:9 , 2010).

,

28

, .

(..

, , ,

, ..) (, 1992).

,

(, 1995).

,

(Craig et al., 2000 Rigby & Bagshaw, 2003).

,

. ,

,

.

(Yoneyama & Naito, 2003). ,

,

,

, ,

( - , 2005). ,

, ,

, , ,

, ,

.

,

. ,

,

.

,

.

29

.

, ,

, , ,

(

) ,

(Williams & Guerra, 2007).

,

,

.

, ,

, .

,

.

-

.

,

(, 2000),

(Seals &

Young, 2003 Larochette, Murphy, & Craig, 2010). ,

, ,

, ,

,

( & , 2004 & , 2012 Sakka &

Markos, 2013).

-

(gender), ,

. ,

,

30

(Espelage & Holt, 2001 Nansel, et al., 2001).

,

. , , - ,

, ,

(Connell, 1991 & , 2004),

(Philips, 2007).

- & (2005 , 2010:114),

, ,

.

,

.

.

,

(Johnson, & Johnson, 1992). ,

,

.

,

, .

, ,

. ,

,

,

(, 1987).

Roland & Galloway (2004)

,

.

,

31

,

-,

. ,

,

,

.

. , ,

,

projects

.

,

.

,

(Catalano et al, 2004),

,

, ( &

, 2001Zullig et al., 2010 Lee, 2010).

,

, , , , ,

, (Cohen et al., 2009). ,

.

,

.

.

32

,

.

,

(Catalano et al, 2004).

, ,

(, 2011).

2.2.3.

(Baker, 1998).

,

, ,

.

(-, 2010 Bowes et al., 2009

-, 2005 , 2004 &, 2000 Smith &

Donnerstein, 1998 Sampson, et al., 1997 Bursik & Grasmick, 1993):

(smart-phones, tablets ..)

(.. ).

, -

,

.

,

,

33

.

,

(Hogg & Vaughan, 2010).

.

,

,

(Kokkevi, et al., 2014).

(-, 2010).

, , ..

(-, 2010)

,

..

, , , , .

-

.

-

(,

, , ..)

(Hernandez de

Frutos, 2013 Sampson, 2002). -

.

, ,

.

,

34

(, 2001 Ball, 2003)

,

.

,

- ,

,

.

,

,

,

(-

, 2012).

,

.

. ,

,

,

. , ,

.

,

.

4

28 ,

.

, ,

, ,

.

,

, .

, , ,

,

, ,

, :

, ,

, ,

4 (: in.gr (2003). , , . http://news.in.gr/greece/article/?aid=490753)

35

, ,

, . ,

,

, ,

, .

28/10/2013

5 ,

,

, .

,

, ,

(-, 2010).

. ,

,

-

,

, , , ..

(

)

-

/ (Kronenberger et al., 2005 Wied,

Goudena, Matthys, 2005).

(, 1992 Huesmann et al., 2003 Gentile et al.,

2011), ,

.

-

-

-,

.

,

5 (: newsit (2013). : - ! http://www.newsit.gr/default.php?pname=Article&art_id=247766&catid=6

36

,

,

. , , ,

,

(Bettelheim, 1979 , 2010:48-49).

. , ,

(, , ..)

,

.

,

( & , 2011).

,

.

,

! (-, 2010:219),

.

,

,

. ,

,

(, 2005 Tobin & Grondin, 2009).

smartphones ,

, ,

. ,

.

37

.

,

,

.

6.

,

, ,

, ,

(, 2000 ., 2006).

,

, .

, ..,

,

.

,

.

, ,

-

.

. ,

,

,

( & , 2012:1).

, .

6 . . http://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%B3%CE%BA%

CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82

38

, ,

,

.

, , ,

,

, ,

, / ,

(Goldstein, 1996).

(, 2000),

.

39

.

, , ,

,

,

,

.

,

,

,

-,

, .

,

,

. ,

,

.

- ,

.

,

.

,

,

. , ,

,

. ,

. ,

40

.

, ,

.

. ,

, ,

, -

, ,

, - .. ,

, ,

,

. ,

,

, ,

, ,

, .

41

, .-. (2004). . , 98, 2021.

, .-. (2006).

- .

- 2000-2006 [05-20-

024].

, .-. (2008). . :

.. .

, .-. & , . (2011). - . , , 2, 1122.

, .-., , . & , . (2012).

. , 117, 8292., .-

., , . & , .-. (2013).

. : -

, , , 11-

14 (. . , . 11451151). :

, .

, . (2001). . . :

.

, .. (2006). . . http://srv-ipeir.pde.sch.gr/educonf/1/01_.pdf

, .. (2011). / . . ( ). http://thesis.ekt.gr/thesisBookReader/id/24850#page/2/mode/2up

, . (1987). . : .

, . (1992). . : .

, . (1990). , , 3 . : .

, . (2000). . : .

, . (2010). . .

42

(.), . (). (). : .

-, . (2012, 19 ). : . . http://www.paron.gr/v3/new.php?id=74542&colid=&catid=33&dt=2012-02-

19%200:0:0

, .. (1988). . , 4790.

, .. (2002). - . : Gutenberg

-, ., , ., , . (1999). ...`: . , , 3, 219249

, . (2003). . : Hogg, M.A., & Vaughan, G.M. (2010). . : Gutenberg -, . & , . (2004). :

. : . , . (2013).

. , , & . http://blogs.sch.gr/kyriakou/files/2013/02/sxolikos_ekfovismos.pdf

. (2005). . , 2005 ( , 9-4-2005). http://paidiatros.gr/www.iatrikionline.gr/ckfinder/list/ckfinder/index.php?cid=

1&id=665&st=2, . (2010). . ().

., ., ., . (2012). . : , & . . , 2011.

, . (2007). . . : Gutenberg.

, K., & , . (2012). . . , . , & . - (. .), : (. 128146). : Gutenberg

, K. (2001). . . Virtual School. The Sciences of Education on Line. 2, 4 , , 2001

-, . (2005). , 39,88-104

, . & , . (2012). . www.encephalos.gr

43

(...) (2014). [ 9] - ; - , . http://youth-health.gr/i-monada/fulladia/teuxos-9-ti-sumbainei-stin-efibeia-ekfobismos-askisi-bias#.VK-ziXugz4o

, . (2011). : . : .

, . (2011). . : , . (1991). . : .

, . (.) (1998). . :

.

, . (2011). : . . , , , , .

-, . (2009). , ,

. : .

-, . (2013). : , . : .

, .. (1997). . .. (.), , (3 ). : .

, . (2000). . :

. (1995). , . : Gutenberg.

, . (2005). . : Gutenberg.

, . (2005). . . : .

., (2000). ;. , 3, .516-520 , . & , . (1986).

. : . , ., , . & , . (2006).

, . : . , . (2000). (, )

. - - : - . . (2000). . . : .

, .. (1997). . .. (.), , (3 ). :

, . & , . (2001). ( ). : , .

, . (1995). . , (82-83), 131136.

, ., & , . (2004). . : , .

44

, . & , . (1997). , . . . : .

, . (1997). . .. , (.), , , (3 , . 253262). : .

, . (2004). . -. . 24. ., .. (2014). . (...). http://youth-health.gr/thematikes-enotites/genika-gia-tin-efibeia/i-ugeia-ton-efibon#.VK-

zNXugz4p

, . (1985). . : .

., (2006), : , , : Lex Sportiva, , , , 3 , 30/11-1-2/12, ., . & , . (2000). : . 2000. http://www.pi-schools.gr/download/lessons/social/entypa/epithet1.pdf

, . (1997). . 2 : , .

Baker, J.A. (1998). Are we Missing the Forest for the Trees? Considering the Social

Context of School Violence. Journal of School Psychology, 36(1), 2944. Ball S. (2003). Class Strategies and the Education Market. The middle classes and

social advantage. RoutledgeFalmer. London and New York

Bouchard, C, Clarkson, M. & Tessier, R. (1996). Mthodes. In C. Lavalle, M. Clarkson et L. Chenard (dir.), Conduites caractre violent dans la rsolution de conflits entre proches, Qubec. Enqute sociale et de sant 1992-1993, chapitre 1, 7-20

Bowes, L., L. Arsenault, B. Maughan, A. Taylor, A. Caspi, and T. E. Moffitt (2009),

School, neighborhood, and family factors are associated with childrens bullying involvement: a nationally representative longitudinal study, Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 48, pp. 545-553.

Bowes, L., B. Maughan, A. Caspi, T. E. Moffitt, and L. Arseneault (2010), Families promote emotional and behavioural resilience to bullying: evidence of an

environmental effect, Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry, 51, pp. 809-817

Bronfenbrenner, U. (1994). Ecological models of human development. Readings on the

development of children, 2, 37-43.

Bursik, R. J. Jr., & Grasmick, H. G. (1993). Neighborhoods and crime: The dimensions

of effective community control.New York: Lexington Books.

Bushman, B. J., Anderson, C.A. (2001). Is it time to pull the plug on the hostile versus

instrumental aggression dichotomy? Psychol Rev.108(1):273-9.

45

Catalano, R. F., Haggerty, K.P., Oesterle, S., Fleming, C. B., Hawkins, J. D. (2004).

The importance of bonding to school for healthy development: Findings from

the Social Development Research Group. Journal of School Health, 74, 252-

261.

Chapple, C. L., McQuillan J.A., and Berdahl, T.A. (2005.) Gender, social bonds, and

delinquency: A comparison of boys and girls models. Social Science Research, 34(2), 357-383.

Cohen, J., McCabe, L., Michelli, N. M. & Pickeral, T. (2009). School climate:

Research, policy, practice, and teacher education. Teachers College Record,

111, 180193. Connell, R. (1991). Gender and power. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Connolly, I., & OMoore, M. (2003). Personality and family relations of children who bully. Personality and Individual Differences, 35, 559567

Cowie, H. (2000). Aggressive and bullying behavior in children and adolescents. In

G. Boswell (dir.) Violent Children and Adolescents. Asking the Question Why?

London: Whurr Publishers, 138-150.

Craig, W., Harel-Fisch, Y., Fogel-Grinvald, H., Dostaler, S., Hetland, J., Simons-

Morton, B., HBSC Bullying Writing Group. (2009). A cross-national profile of bullying and victimization among adolescents in 40 countries. International

Journal of Public Health, 54(Suppl 2), 216224. Crosnoe, R. & Cooper, C.E. (2010). Economically Disadvantaged Childrens Transitions Into Elementary School: Linking Family Processes, School Contexts, and Educational Policy.

American Educational Research Journal, 47(2), 258291. Currie, C. et al. (2012). Social determinants of health and well-being among young

people. Copenhagen, Denmark: World Health Organization Regional Office for

Europe.

Del Vecchio, T. (2011). Instrumental Aggression. In Encyclopedia of Child Behavior

and Development (pp. 823-824). Springer US.

Demaray, M. K., & Malecki, C. K. (2002). The relationship between perceived social

support and maladjustment for students at risk. Psychology in the Schools,

39, 305-316.

de Wied, M., Goudena, P.P., Matthys, W. (2005). Empathy in boys with disruptive

behavior disorders. J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 46(8):867-80.

Dishion, T.J., French, D.C., & Patterson, G.R. (1995). The development and ecology

of antisocial behavior. In D. Cicchetti & D. J. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental

psychopathology: Vol. 2. Risk, disorder, and adaptation (pp. 421-471). New:

Wiley.

Dogra, N. & Bhugra, D. (2013). Impact of culture on child mental health: Diagnosis

and treatment. In A.-S. Antoniou & B. D. Kirkcaldy (Eds.), Education, Family

and Child and Adolescent Health (pp. 173196). Athens: Diadrassi.

Duncan, R. D. (2004). The impact of family relationships on school bullies and

victims. Bullying in American schools: A social-ecological perspective on

prevention and intervention, 227-244.

Earls, F.J. (1994). Violence and today's youth. Critical Health Issues for Children and

Youth, 4:423.

Eisenberg, M.E., Neumark-Sztainer, D. and Perry, C.L. (2003) Peer harassment, school

connectedness and academic achievement. J. Sch Health, 73(8), 311-316.

46

Espelage, D. L., & Holt, M. K. (2001). Bullying and victimization during early

adolescence: Peer influences and psychosocial correlates. Journal of Emotional

Abuse, 2(2-3), 123-142.

Eysenck, M.W. (2013). The impact of parental psychological difficulties on their

children. In A.-S. Antoniou & B. D. Kirkcaldy (Eds.), Education, Family and

Child and Adolescent Health (pp. 2135). Athens: Diadrassi.

Farrington, D.P. (2000). Explaining and preventing crime: The globalization of

knowledge. The American Society of Criminology 1999 presidential address.

Criminology 38(1):124

Flouri, E., & Buchanan, A. (2003). The role of mother involvement and father

involvement in adolescence bullying behaviour. Journal of Interpersonal

Violence, 18(6), 634644

Frick, P. (2004). Developmental Pathways to Conduct: Implications for Serving Youth

who Show Severe Aggressive and Antisocial Behavior. Psychology in the

Schools, 41, (8), pp 823- 834.

Garnefski, N. (2000). Age Differences in Depressive Symptoms, Antisocial Behavior,

and Negative Perceptions of Family, School, and Peers Among Adolescents.

The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 39 (9),

Pages 11751181Gentile, D. A., Coyne, S. & Walsh, D.A. (2011). Media

violence, physical aggression, and relational aggression in school age children:

A short-term longitudinal study. Aggressive Behavior, 37, 193206.

Georgiou, S. N. (2008). Bullying and victimization at school: The role of mothers.

British Journal of Educational Psychology, 78, 109125

Goldstein, A. P (1996). The psychology of vandalism. Plenum Press, New York

Greene, R. W., Doyle, A. E. (1999). Toward a Transactional Conceptualization of

Oppositional Defiant Disorder: Implications for Assessment and Treatment.

Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 2(3), 129-148

Hartup, W. W. (1993). Adolescents and their friends. New Directions for Child

Development, 60, 3-22

Hasan, R., Drolet, M. & Paquin, M. (2003). Les conduites violentes chez les enfants de

3 a 6 ans: Comprendre pour mieux intervenir. Reflets, 9, (1), pp. 150-172.

Hernandez de Frutos, . (2013). Five Independents Variables Affecting Bullying:

Neighborhood, Family, School, Gender-Age and Mass Media. Sociology Mind,

304-313

Holt, M. K., Kaufman Kantor, G., & Finkelhor, D. (2008). Parent/child concordance

about bullying involvement and family characteristics related to bullying and

peer victimization. Journal of School Violence, 8(1), 42-63.

Hong, J. S., Eamon, M.K. (2011). Students perceptions of unsafe schools: An

ecological systems analysis. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 21 (3), 428-

438

Huesmann, L. R., Moise-Titus, J., Podolski, C. & Eron, L. D. (2003). Longitudinal

relations between childrens exposure to TV violence and their aggressive and violent behavior in young adulthood: 1977-1992. Developmental Psychology,

39, 201-221.

47

Huessler, G. (2013). Adolescent health issues- Psychological implications. In A.-S.

Antoniou & B. D. Kirkcaldy (Eds.), Education, Family and Child and

Adolescent Health (pp. 121140). Athens: Diadrassi.

Hughes, J. N., Cavell, T. A. & Jackson, T. (1999). Influence of the Teacher-Student

Relationship on Childhood Conduct Problems: A Prospective Study. Journal of

Clinical Child Psychology, 28(2), 173184. Hunt, R. (1993). Neurological patterns of aggression. Journal of Emotional and

Behavioral Problems, 2(1), 14-20.

Jelonkiewicz, I. (2013). Sense of Coherence (SOC) as a major health-promoting

personal resource among youth. In A.-S. Antoniou & B. D. Kirkcaldy (Eds.),

Education, Family and Child and Adolescent Health (pp. 155172). Athens:

Diadrassi.

Johnson, D.W., & Johnson, R.T. (1992). Positive interdependence: Key to effective

cooperation. In Hertz-Lazarowitz, R., & Miller, N. (eds), Interaction in

Cooperative Groups (pp. 174-199). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Kokkevi, A., M. Stavrou, E. Kanavou and A. Fotiou (2014). The Repercussions of the

Economic Recession in Greece on Adolescents and their Families, Innocenti

Working Paper No.2014-07, UNICEF Office of Research, Florence.

Kronenberger, W. G., Mathews, V. P., Dunn, D. W., Wang, Y., Wood, E. A., Giauque,

A. L., Larsen, J. J., Rembusch, M. E., Lowe, M. J. and Li, T.-Q. (2005), Media

violence exposure and executive functioning in aggressive and control

adolescents. J. Clin. Psychol., 61: 725737.

Larochette, A.C., Murphy, A.N., & Craig, W.M. (2010). Racial bullying and

victimization in Canadian school-aged children: Individual and school level

effects. School Psychology International, 31(4), 389408.

Lee, C. (2010). An ecological systems approach to bullying behaviors among middle

school students in the United States. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 26,

16641693. Lereya, S. T., Samara, M., & Wolke, D. (2013). Parenting behavior and the risk of

becoming a victim and a bully/victim: A meta-analysis study. Child abuse &

neglect, 37(12), 1091-1108.

Li, Q. (2008). Bullying, school violence and more: A research model. International

Electronic Journal for Leadership in Learning. 12(19).

Marion, M. (2003). Guidance of young children (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ:

Merril/Prentice Hall

Nakamoto, J. & Schwartz, D. (2010), Is Peer Victimization Associated with Academic

Achievement? A Meta-analytic Review. Social Development, 19: 221242.

Nansel, T. R., Overpeck, M., Pilla, R. S., Ruan, W. J., Simons-Morton, B., & Scheidt,

P. (2001). Bullying behaviors among US youth: Prevalence and association with

psychosocial adjustment. Jama, 285(16), 2094-2100.

Nenniger, P. & Frey, A. (2013). Autonomy and self-direction in childhood education.

In A.-S. Antoniou & B. D. Kirkcaldy (Eds.), Education, Family and Child and

Adolescent Health (pp. 253271). Athens: Diadrassi.

48

Ozbay, O., and Ozcan, Y. Z. (2006). A test of Hirschi's social bonding theory: Juvenile

delinquency in the high schools of Ankara, Turkey. International Journal of

Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 50(6), 711-726.

Parke, R. D. & Slaby, R.G. (1983). The development of aggression. In P. H. Mussen

Ed.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol.4. Socialization, personality and

social be-havior. New York: Wiley.

Phillips, D.A. (2007). Punking and Bullying: Strategies in Middle School, High School,

and Beyond. Journal of Interpersonal Violence February, 22, 158178. Roland, E. & Galloway, D. (2004). Professional Cultures in Schools With High and

Low Rates of Bullying. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 15(3-4),

241260. Sakka, D., Markos, . (2013). From the adolescents perspective: Aggression and

violence at school in relation to ethnicity and gender. Scientific Annals - School

of Psychology. Vol 10. http://ejournals.lib.auth.gr/psyannals/article/view/4269

Salmivalli, C. (2010). Bullying and the peer group: A review. Aggression and violent

behavior, 15(2), 112-120.

Sampson, R. J.-R. (2002). Assessing neighborhood effects: Social processes and new

directions in research. Annual Review of Sociology, 433-478

Sampson, R. J., Raudenbush, S. W., & Earls, F. (1997). Neighborhoods and violent

crime: A multilevel study of collective efficacy. Science, 277:918924. Schachar, R. and Wachsmuth, R. (1990), Oppositional Disorder in Children: A

Validation Study Comparing Conduct Disorder, Oppositional Disorder and

Normal Control Children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry,

31: 10891102 Schaffer, H.R. (1996). Social Development. Blakwell Publishers Ltd, Oxford

Seals, D. & Young, J. (2003). Bullying and victimization: Prevalence and relationship

to gender, grade, level, ethnicity, self-esteem and depression. Adolescence,

38(152), 735747. Shields, A., & Cicchetti, D. (2001). Parental maltreatment and emotion dysregulation

as risk factors for bullying and victimization in middle childhood. Journal of

clinical child psychology, 30(3), 349-363.

Smith, S. L., & Donnerstein, E. (1998). Harmful effects of exposure to media violence:

Learning of aggression emotional desensitization, and fear. In R. G. Geen & E.

Donnerstein (Eds.), Human aggression: Theories, research, and implications

for social policy (pp. 167-202). New York: Academic Press.

Spriggs, A. L., Iannotti, R. J., Nansel, T. R., & Haynie, D. L. (2007). Adolescent

bullying involvement and perceived family, peer and school relations:

Commonalities and differences across race/ethnicity. Journal of Adolescent

Health, 41(3), 283-293.

Stevens, V., De Bourdeaudhuij, I., & Van Oost, P. (2002). Relationship of the family

environment to children's involvement in bully/victim problems at school.

Journal of youth and Adolescence, 31(6), 419-428.

Tobin, S. & Grondin, S. (2009). Video games and the perception of very long durations

by adolescents. Computers in Human Behavior, 25 (2), 554559. Tremblay, E. (2000). L origine de la violence chez les jeunes. Isuma, automne, 10-16. Walker, H. M. (2010). Relational Aggression in Schools: Implications for Future

Research on Screening Intervention and Prevention. School Psychology

Review , Vol. 39(4)

49

Wang, W., Vaillancourt, T., Brittain, H. L., McDougall, P., Krygsman, A., Smith, D.,

Cunningham, C. E., Haltigan, J. D., Hymel, S. (2014). School climate, peer

victimization, and academic achievement: Results from a multi-informant

study. School Psychology Quarterly, Vol 29(3), 360-377

Williams, K. R., & Guerra, N. G. (2007). Prevalence and predictors of internet

bullying. Journal of Adolescent Health, 41(6), S14-S21.

Yoneyama, S. & Naito, A. (2003). Problems with the Paradigm: the school as a factor

in understanding bulling (with special reference to Japan). British Journal of

Sociology of Education, 24(3), 315330. Zullig, K. J., Koopman, T. M., Patton, J. M. & Ubbes, V. A. (2010). School Climate:

Historical Review, Instrument Development, and School Assessment. Journal

of Psychoeducational Assessment, 28(2), 139152.

, . & , . (.) (2013). . , , . . : .

. ; http://www.antibullyingnetwork.gr/faq.aspx?footer_menu=319&parent_id=26

8

(...) http://youth-health.gr/