Βασική θεωρία κυκλωμάτων 2
description
Transcript of Βασική θεωρία κυκλωμάτων 2
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pi pi
.
pi
pi pi
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pi () pi, pi pi .
1. pi (voltage source)
pi
DC pi . pi .
vs(t)=0 pi .
pi : pi .
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vi
0
voltage
source
v
+
vs-
is
+-
vs
i-v pi .
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pi pi
pi, pi .
is(t)=0 pi
2. pi (current source)
DC pi . pi .
s
o.
pi : pi .
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i-v pi .
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pi pi pi
pi .
=
pi
=
=
gm= rm=
pi .
i1
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pi pi .
pi pi .
pi ()
pi pi .
pi pi.
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( ) ( ) ( )f x x f x f x+ = +
( ) ( )f ax a f x= (homogeneous function):
(additive function):
( ) ( ) ( )1 2 1 2f x x f x f x+ = +
(linear function): + pi
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( ) ( )v t R i t= (linear), (time invariant):
( ) ( ) ( )v t R i i t=
( ) ( ) ( )v t R t i t= (time-varying):
- (non-linear):
( ) ( ) ( )v t R t i t=
( ) ( ) ( )v t R i,t i t= - (non-linear), (time-varying):
(time-varying):
pi v, i: .
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,
.
(short-circuit).
v
i
0v
i
0v
i
slope=tan=1/R
0
(open-circuit).
(characteristics) -V:
( )( )
1q
v tkT
si t I e
=
: - .
dvr =
di (dynamic resistance):
-
- .
- .
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pi (bilateral) i-v
pi (0,0) pi (v, i)
pi (-v, -i).
pi.
pi : ,
- /
.
pi : ,
.
( pi): .
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(capacitors)
( ) ( ) dqq t C v t Cdv
= =
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )0
1( ) 0 tdq t dvi t i C v t v i dd t d t C
= = = +
, pi:
.
: q pi v.
(capacitance):
v(0) = = & v(t) = pi + pi
i(t) , v(t) :
v(t) pi .- pi: q-v .
pi: q-v .
S=1/C: (elastance)pi v, i: .
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(inductors)
( ) ( ) dt = L i t L =di
( ) ( )0
1( ) 0 td d iv = v L i t i v dd t d t L
= = +
, pi:
: pi i.
=1/L: pi (reciprocal inductance)
pi (inductance):
i(0) = =
i(t) = pi + pi pi
v(t) , i(t) :
i(t) pi .
.
pi (inductance):
pi v, i: .
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(hysteresis)
- pi: -i .
pi: -i
.
-
: .
pi v, i: .
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( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )o
t
o tp t v t i t E t ,t v i d= =
pi to t
&
(((( ))))t t
pi
pi ( pi).
pipi pi .
(((( ))))o
t t
o o o
- t
E(t)= v() i()d= E(t )+ v() i()d E(t )+ E t ,t
= = = = :
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(port) :
pi pi
pi pi
(pi)
.
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2 pi
(one-port) :
(equivalent one-ports) =
pi -.
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(passive) pi ( pi) : E(t)0 t
pi. pi 1 3 pipi i-v
[pi: R0 & p(t) = v(t) x i(t) 0 t] : (active) pi pi
pi t pi: (t)
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/ :
(range) : , , ,
pi ,
pi pi,
.