2010ISBN: 978-960-337-091-8

Copyright 2010 , , ( 3 . 2121/1993).

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, 1956 ,

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. 1981 2000 -

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. 61228/5031, 9 1966, ,

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30 (1967 1979). ) ( -

) 54 (1979 2001).

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. . 2111. 1/2/99/28-05-1999 ( 1168/14-6-99) -

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. 3611.2/05/05/16-12-2005 ( 1942 /30-12-2005

169 /13-02-2006),

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27 .

, . , .

, , .

, , . , . . , .. (..). , .., . . . ..... . . , . . , .

E . , - .. (..), .

. (1955-1959) , . (1957-1970) , . (1955-1983) , . (1955-1984) . . , . (1970-2003) . , . (1958) /, . (1959-1966) /, / . ., . . (1967-1969) , / . ., . (1967-1969) , . (1969-1971) - ., / . ., . (1971-1972) .., / . ., . (1972-1974) .., / . ., . (1974-1977) - .., / . ., . (1977) .., / . ., . (1977-1979) .., / . ., . (1979-1981) . ., / . ., . (1981-1982) .., / . ., . (1982-1984) .., / . ., . . (-2008) . (1984-1986) .., / . ., . (1986-1988) .., / . ., . - (1988-1989) .., / . ., . (1989) .., / . ., . (1989-1992) .., / . ., . (1992-1993) .., / . ., . (1993-1994) .., / . ., . - (1994-1995) .., . (1995-1996) .., / . ., . (1996-1998) .., / . ., . (1998-2000) .., / . ., . (2000-2001) .., / . ., . (2001) .., / . ., . (2001-2003) .., / . ., . (2003-2004) .., / . ., . (2003-2004) .., / . ., . (2004-2005) .., / . ., . (2005-2008) .., / . ., . (2008-2009) .., / . ., . (2009-20011) .., / . ..

2010

I

. .. (.) -/ ()

- , - , . - .

, - . - , , , -, , .

, , , , .

- , , - , , . .

- , - , , , - .

1.1 .

, , , , , .

.

- .

1.2 .

(. 1.2).

x, y z (longitudi-nal), (transverse) (vertical). , , , , .. - . .

:1) x-z (longi-

tudinal planes). x-z ( ) - (longitudinal plane of symmetry).

2) z-y (trans-verse planes) .

3) x-y (hori-zontal planes) (waterplanes) (. 1.2).

(.. , ) - .

:

. 1.2. .

zy

xO

:

1.

10

1) , .

2) -, (. 1.5).

3) (. 1.5).

( -) .

1.3 .

1.3 . (hull) (shell) , . , . - (decks), (superstructures), . , , , , , ' . (transverse frames).

H (keel) . , (flat keel).

. 1.3. .

. 1.2. .

11

1.4 .

H (molded surface) .

, . , , .

, , .

(molded dimensions) . , , , ...

1.5 .

1.5 - ( ) . (. ) . , , .

1.5 - . . :

1) (perpendiculars). . , (forward perpendicular, FP). H (after perpendicular, ) . , , .

2) (designed waterline, DWL). H , , .

3) (length between perpendiculars, LP). H m ft.

4) (length on the water line, LWL). To m ft.

5) (length overall, LOA). m ft.6) (midship). . H

(midship section). .

7) (basic line). , , . H (base line).

8) (sheer). . m ft.

1.5, , a :

1) (mounlded draft).

12

LB

P

L

WL

L

LB

P/2

L

OS/

2L

BP

/2

LO

S/2

(P

)

(FP

)

(DW

L)

(Fla

re)

(Tum

bleh

ome)

(DW

L)

.

1.5

.

.

13

2) . - .

3) (depth or height). H , .

4) (camber). . - , ( ). 1/50 .

5) (beam or breadth). . m ft .

1.5 (rise of floor), - (tumblehome ) (flare). .

1.5 . . , (forward draft), (after draft), . (mean draft), , , .

H (trim). , (trim by stern). o (trim by bow).

(.. -, ).

1.6 .

.

1) (light ship). , , , , , , . () (LT).

2) (light waterline, LWL). H .3) (auxiliary spaces).

.4) (wetted surface). H

( ). m2 ft2 .

5) (loadline). , .

6) (tanks). (, - ) .

7) (cargo tanks). (-, ..).

8) (ballast tanks). . ( ) .

9) (dimensions). ()

14

. H .

10) (displacement). ( ) . .

11) (light ship displacement). . 12) (full load displacement). -

.13) (living quarters). -

. .14) (free board portion). .15) (generator room). ,

. , .

16) (waterlinezone). .

17) (admeasurement). (. . 37).

18) (center of gravity). - , .

19) (center of volume center of buoancy). . , .

20) (draft scales). ( ), . - .

21) (holds). ().22) (boiler room). , .23) (engine room). ,

.24) (volume of displacement). O .25) (parallel middle body). ,

.26) (bulwark). ,

.27) .

.28) (sternpost). .29) (stem post). .30) (form coefficients). -

, .

31) (coordinates of center of gravity). , .

32) (coordinates of center of buoancy). , - .

33) (superstructure). , .

34) (deck erection).

15

.35) (underwaterbody). -

.36) (bulkheads). ()

. .37) (tonnage).

, . (1 2,83 m3) .

1.7 .

(lines plan) .

, , . :

1) (sheer plan) .2) (half breadth plan) .3) (body plan) . ,

, , (. 1.7). .

. 1.7. .

16

A

A

01

1/2

23

45

67

89

1091

/2

01/

21

23

45

67

89

10

F P

A P

IVII

III

I

()

()

V IV III II I

V IV

IVI

II

III II I

(

)

6,5

4,5

89

01/

21 2 3

9 1

2

7

IVII

III I

.

1.7

.

.

(s

tati

ons)

.

,

-

,

.

2.1 .

, . 2.1() , . , . .

2.1() , ' -. , - .

O -, :

= () () (1)

, - .

H 2.1()

. 2.1. .

()

()

()

2.

18

. ms s , m :

= s

s

m m

(2)

(kg) , (International Bureau of Weights and Measures) .

, (1) - ' .

.

H (1) :

= () ( ) (3)

, . 9,81 m/sec2 32,2 ft/sec2.

, . - (), o ().

, 2.1() - .

(lb), 1/2,2046 kg.

- , SI. :

1) SI. SI N (Newton) kp (kilopond). o (tf ) 1000 kp.

2) . Ibf ( ). o (british long ton) 1016 kp 2240 lbf british tf LT.

H :

1 = 1,016

, british short ton 2000 Ibf.

2, -.

2.2 .

. ( )

19

, kg/m3 lb/ft3.

- SI newton/m3 ( N/m3).

newton SI m/sec2 kg.

kp/m3 (- ) kg/m3. , lbf/ft3 lb/ft3.

, , :1) . o ,

(tf/m3) (MT/m3