10

1997

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.

800

1

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( 1964-1974)

IWO JIMA

14 (6 1944)

22 40

29 (1964-1974)

58

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66 "OPERA DETACHMENT" IWO JIM

36

40

66

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lw o Jima. Joe Rosenthal Pulitzer .

4 75 78 79 80 ;81 82 QUIZ

" - - : : . : - : , .. / , .. / . .., . .../ , .., ... / .. . () .. / I / / / / I / / / / / / / . / / / / / / / : : - : 49, 10683 : , .. 3951, 10210 : 38.21.985 / 38.11.386 FAX: 38.11.386 ( 11 ): 8.800 . -- . 15.000 . : 10.000 , / 10.000 , / 10.500 . ( ): , .. 3951, 10210 : , 49, : : FILM S : GRAFFITI : . -. : . &

, ,

. .

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. F-84G Thunderjet, ( ) 50. , " , - .

. - , -

(. . ).

.

, 1989. , . , , 1994 . 1996 - - . , ... - , . - , .

' (1990-1993) . , (-1915/1956, -1957/1958, -1959/1967, '-1974/1989). , 1936-1946 ( 4 1946) 21 (1967- 1974). , ... .

. . . , , . , , . . . Yta , .

- , 1980, . C-130, . C-130 ( STOL), , Georgia . Jane's Defense Weekly . YC-130H Hercules 74- 1683 , -

To YC-130H 74-1686 Georgia . , flap ( double-slotted flaps ), ( 1/4 in) , , (. Giuseppe Picazella/ Aeroplane Monthly).

, () .

Eglin 29 1980 50 . , , , . . , 1980 ( ), , .

YC-130H , YC-130H 74-2065 C-130H, 74-1686 YC-130H Werner Robins Georgia,

, .

DC-3 Dakota , . 1995 DC- 3 , - , - , - .

(- ) JAT, , . ( YU-ABB), . : DC-3 (YU- ABG), C-47 (71214) Li-3 (7011), .

To DC-3 YU- ABB 1942 USAAF "42-93765 . . - Avia 1947 JAT, DC-3 .

, ). , . , FYROM , , . , , , " , , . , , , . , - .

19.30 9 1997 - - " ( 9,

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:

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. 1227 -

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, . .

, , , . 16 18 150.000 . 1236 - , - . . Ogedai , Batu. Batu , -

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. , , . - , . , . .

, . , - , m o , , , - . - .

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. , . , .

. ' . , , - . , , , .

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, . , . 68 , . , , 658 ! 30 , . , . - , . -

. 1241, , . - . Subudai Bela : , . - . . , - . Mangku - , Batu . Kuyuk , Sududai .

, . . , , Subudai 30.000 Kadan Baidar, , , . 1241, Batu .

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, - .

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. , , , .

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, , . , , .

.

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.

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, , Subudai (3), . (4),

.

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, , , . .

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Subudai , , Ogedai , - Toregene - .

, , . - , - . . . , , '., . Subudai ! , . OwTv

, . 1260 ' Baybars , . Dmitri Ivanovich ", . : _. .; , 1220 . J J

(1) Bevin Alexander: HOW GREAT GENERALS WIN.Norton & Company. 1993.(2) Matthew Bennett S Nicholas Hooper THE CAMBRIDGE ILLUSTRATED ATLAS OF NMRtAE:THE MIDDLE AGES. Cambridge University Press.1996.(3) James Chambers: THE DEVIL S HORSEMES Atheneum, 1985.(4) Jeremiah Curtin: THE MONGOLS A HISTORY.Combined Books. 1996.(5) Richard Gabriel & Dens d Boose: THE GREAT BATTLES OF ANTIQUITY. Greenwood Press. 1994.(6) Norman Kotker: GENGHIS KHAN. Military History Quarterly. Summer 1992.(7) Norman Kotker: KUUKOVO FIELD. Military History Quarterly, Autumn 1993.(8) Sir Basil Liddell Hart: GREAT CAPTAINS UNVEILED, Greenhill Books. 1989.(9) Bryan Perrett: THE BATTLE BOOK. Arms 4 Armour Press. 1992.(10) THE MONGOL CONQUESTS, Time-Ufe Books,1992.(11) Velimir Vuksic & Zvonimir Grbasic: CAVALRY,Cassell, 1993.

14

1944 , 8

, .

1.534

, 01

LUFTWAFFE, 01

.

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.

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,

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(6 1944)

1943 . . . 8 (8 ..), - , , , Luftwaffe. : .

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(

120 ), - ,

15

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, - -

. Musia , . 8 , , .

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6 1944

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1 :

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3 237 -17 47 -47 57 -38, -51 79 -47 Klein M achnow: R obert Bosch

2 206 -24 84 -47 33 -51 74 -38, -47 Genshagen:Daim ler-Benz

-17 -24 832 -47, -38 -51), 6 1944. Luftwaffe 232 , . , 188 Me-109 G6 Fw-190 8, 44 Me-110 Me-410, , . Luftwaffe .

- -

: 18-20 , V , , . " , - . " , . , 10- 15 .

. .

: , . - (/), . , - 6.300 m, ( ) / . , . - , , , .

06.00 (6-3-44) - . , . , , . Edward Leighty : , ! .

07.45

.. : . 250 ...

:

. 10.40, , , , . 10.52 . - : 150 km, 1,6 km 800 m, - 295 Thunderbolt, .

, . 3 , , . 20 km, 32 km, -

, Mustang -51, . .

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, " , - 1 .. 3 .., - / , . B-17G 92 , . , , - .

3 .. 2 .. , - , . 1 .., , -, . -17 100 , , Thunderbolt . 10.55 93 Fw- 190 Me-109, - , 15 Me-109 , , . : , - . , 56 km - :3 . - . m.. . . - . !

Fockewulf I/JG11 (1 V o ip a 11 ), - . Rolf Hermichen, " Luftwaffe...

100

12.05, 760 km/h (280 km/h 480 km/h ). 900 m -17 . Hermichen . 500 m Focke Wulf. - . , 400 m,

Hermichen 20 mm 13 mm, . , 300 m, : . , 200 , " -17. . ,

Me-410 ZG26 Mustang. 6 1944

. 1944

, .

. Focke Wulf , . 0 Hermichen , - . , : 24

j 20 mm, - , -

, ...

Focke Wulf Hermichen 20 Me-109 III/JG54 55 Fw-190 I/JG1, II/JG1 III/JG11. -17 100 . Fw-190, - -17 . .

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, Thunderbolt 56 , 78, . 15 Me-109 II/JG11, , Thunderbolt, , .

. ...

, .

, .- .

Thunderbolt . , - Herman Reinthaler, III/JG54 , -17 Ronnie R" 100 , - . : ' : . Reinthaler , Thunderbolt . Me-109 . Robert Wise 78 , : : . , . , Wise :

To Thunderbolt 1944, Mustang. , .

. Reinthaler , - . . 6,5 , -17 David Miner . 2 8 1 , , , .

25 12 , 20 -17 Thunderbolt. 11 100 , 20 , ,

12.30 , , Thunderbolt 92 Mustang 54 Lightning . 150 km , Luftwaffe .

Hans Kogler, III/ZG26, " , . 20 , - Me-110G,

: Thunderbolt 11 13 Messerschmitt , . ! Kogler, , - . 0 ; ...- ...

- ~ 24 Me-110 I II/ZG76 10 Me-410 II/ZG 26, - 21 cm. - -. Kogler Me-110 , - " Kogler 72 Me-109 Fw-190.

- er , .

Me-110G II/ZG76,

1944.

,

,

21 cm

.

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6

1944.

, , / .

, : Kogler, , .

112 -17 1 .., 58 Mustang, - . 10! , . Hans Kogler -

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" - . Mustang. . - , , Me-110 - , Mustang.

Mustang , -1 7 .0 John Carder Mustang Me-110, - 200 m. , - . ra t . Mustang - Me-109 rw u - ,

ZG2S P -e : Sterte -410 , t o l M esse-scrr : : Willy Brnecke -17. . , , -17 Roy Graves. .. . ...

, 11 -17 Mustang. : 17 Me-110 Me-410 7 Me-109 Fw-190. , 13.05. III/ZG26 Hans Kogler

-24 Liberator 8 .. -17, . .

...

, - .

, - . , . - , - , - , - - ".

Luftwaffe: 16 Me-110 . Mustang , , . , . Me-110 , Mustang

, 11 " ...

14.08

- , . 230 Mustang, , Luftwaffe . 71 Fw-190 40 Me-109 - , , . II/JG11, 15 Me- 109. , , , Gunther Specht, ,

. , Specht Heinz Knoke, : ' ! . Me-109 , 4C Thunderbolt! 30 (!) Specht Knoke , - , - .

110 , . 14.45 ...

. , . 8... 6... ... ! ... ! , , . - , " - . . . .

-17 UI Opportunity 3 .. 20 mm. , , C. Johnston. Paul Sullivan . . Sullivan , : .

Johnston ! 6 ...

, . : ", Liberator / . 30 , .

6 1944 . . - -. - - , - - - : - , . - ...

17.45,

, Bob Shoens -17 100 . : , ...

. 250 . 73 13 - - 8 .. . . , ( -

0 . , , . . .

100 ), , , . ,

. , Luftwaffe -

, . 6 . , 20-30 . , 69 - ''.

8 .. 8, 9 22 , , Luftwaffe .

Heinz Knoke II/JG11 , : , . . . .

. Jonny Fest , , , ...

Fuhrmann... Messerschmitt ...

Dolling... .

Arndt... .

Kolbe... , . . ;...

Weissenberger...Hetzel...Trockels..., Jonny

..

(1) Jeffrey Ethell - Alfred Price: TARGET BERLIN. Arms and Armour, 1981.(2) Heinz Knoke: I FLEW FOR THE FHRER. Evans Brothers, 1979.(3) Martin Caidin: FLYING FORTS. Ballantine Books. 1968.(4) David Anderton: FIGHTER VERSUS BOMBER, Airlife, 1991.(5) Ernest Me Dowell: FLYING FORTRESS. Squadron Signal, 1987.(6) Noble Frankland: BOMBER OFFENSIVE. Ballantine's History, 1970.

Fw-190 -17. 1944. , , . , !

.

-483 3 5 , 9 ,

Junction City ,

Quan Loi, 1967.

. 0 , . , . . , .

Viet Minh. , . , . , . , . . , . .

1956 , . - . , . ( ) -

-483 3 Viet Cong, 1966.

' . ;

NONI II NAM

01 TOY 01 VIET CONG, . 0 . , . : , . . .

-551 Sheridan 1 , 23 . 23 -54. TamKy, 1970.

i r

.......

.

, . 0 Harold . Johnson, 1965 . Westmoreland : " , ,

-1131 Armored Cavalry Assault Vehicle (ACAV), .

' . .

. ,

- 9 1965. 2 3 - , Da Nang, Fran Claybaugh. -483 8 . 1965 1 . 1 3 , 1 3 ( LVTP-5A1) / ( / -501), 3 . , . 17 -483 -672, -51 ( -103).

Starlite , 1965. - 483 Viet Cong Chu Lai - 700 . ' -483 . -

24 - . -48

, 90 mm, , , , Viet Cong, . , .

-483 -481 -482 . -48 Patton 1950 Detroit Arsenal (US Army) 1953. To -483 -41 90 mm, 62 . M-60D 7,62 mm (6.000 ) / -2 12,7 mm (630 ). AVDS-1790-2A (), 750 hp, 48,3 km/h ,

467 km. 47.174 kg, - 120 mm . To -672 - 483, .

To LVTP-5A1 , 1952. LVTP-5 1 '60. 34 . 7,62 mm. , Continental LV-1790-1, 810 hp. 10,9 km/h 48 km/h 306 km. To LVTP-5A1 , , . : LVTH-6, -49 105 mm, LVTC-5, , LVTE-1, ( ) , LVTR-1, .

To -501 Ontos - , / . . -50 1951 Allis-Chalmers. 1963 294 -50 1. 8.300 kg .

GMC Model 302, 145 hp. 48,28 km/h 170 km. -401 106 mm ( ) 18 7,62 mm.

, . (Military Assistance Command Vietnam/MACV).

US Army 1 . . ( ), . -113. -113 . , . -113 Armored Cavalry Assault Vehicle (ACAV) . ACAV , (search and destroy) . -113 / Viet Cong -

-113 ACAV Viet Cong. ,

. . , -113 12,7 mm 7,62 mm. , , .

1966 , . 1 Plei Me , . , . -483, 17 -113 ACAV -110 203 mm -107 175 mm. -483 -113 -

-413, , 1

ARVN Viet Cong

1968.

. - , , Viet Cong . , , 180 km .

( 1967) - . 1967, Cedar Falls , Junction City I , Junction City II , - - Saigon, - 11 ( The Blackhorse Regiment )

( , ! , , ("Mechanised a x ) Amior Combat Operations in Vietnam ), . . , 50: : ttjc - .

, . , , Viet Cong. Viet Cong : ^.- , . - . , . .- '- 25 : . / RPG-7 40 ~ . RPG-7 . . ot .

- . . , . ACAV . ACAV . . , , ( ), . - - . . , Viet Cong / , . - , ( -483). 27 .

- 483 ( ), , -88 VTR (Vehicle Tracked Recovery).

-1131 , , . 1958 ( - 113) 1959 FMC San Jose. -1131 1963. 11 . 11.156 kg 38,1 mm. - ACAV - , . -113 Detroit Diesel 6V-53N, 210 hp, 67,6 km/h 5,8 km/h . 483 km. 12,7 mm, ACAV - - 7,62 mm. : -5771, , -548, ,

-41 A3 5 ARVN, Da Nang, 1966.

5.443 kg. -114.

- 551 Sheridan, . 152 mm, / MGM-51C Shillelagh, 7,62 mm / 12,7 mm. 15.830 kg. Detroit Diesel 6V53T, 70 km/h 5,8 km/h 600 km. Sheridan , / .

-60 ( ) . -60 AVLB ( 19,2 m) -728 CEV (Combat Engineer Vehicle), -135 165 mm .

- Commando V-100. To V-100 1963, . 7.371 kg, Chrysler 362 (200 hp) 100 km/h. -706 Commando. -

Scorpion, 90 mm.

(Army of the Republic of Vietnam-ARVN) 1956 , - 24, -81. -3 -8 75 mm. . , .

7-

-1131 - 577A 1 255 ARVN, 1970.

Fort Knox. - -24 1963 1964. 1968 , .

1962 (7 21), 15 -113 . . 1965 ARVN , (-41 A3), 21 (-113), (-81)

-81 -31 , Hanoi 1954.

(-106). -113 ACAV. 1966 ARVN . , ( 20 22, -483) 19 , V-100 Commando -81.

1971, Lam Son 719" . 1 ARVN (11 17, -413), ( -54) -76. , , ARVN 14 -54 39 -76, 4 -41 A3 6 ACAV. Tan Canh, 23 1972. ( 15 -413) 14 , - / 914 Malyutka (-3 Sagger). 1972 -483 20 11 -54 -76 Cua Viet.

-24 1 , 1953. -24 Bison.

ARVN 1975 Xuan Loc, 3 .

ARVN 500 M-4SA3. 506 -41 A3 32 -24 ( 43 ). ( 400 -48A3 150 -41). 45 -81 ( .

-41 Walker Biddog 1951. -321 . 76 mm, 7,62 mm / 12,7 mm. 23 496 kg. Arco Lycoming AOSI-895-5, 500 hp, 72,4 km/h 161 km. 15 , .

-24 Chaffee , ( 1944). . -6 75 mm. -1919 A4 7,62 mm : -2 12,7 mm. : . Cadillac 4424, 110~ - 55 km ti ' 281 km. :_ 18.371 kg . -24 ARVN cro 27 2 1963 - Diem -24 - ._- 30 1964 Khanh. - voting machines

-113 V- 100 ARVN 1.000, -113, -1321. 800 .

. 1 3 1 1968 1971. Phuoc Tuy, Saigon. Centurion Mk5/1 76.2 mm. -113 : - 1131 APC/LRV ( ), - 1251 APC (), , - 1131 APC (), , -1131 APC

! Type 59 NVA Saigon, 30 1975.

(F), , -577 ACV (), -548 TLC () -8061 ARV(L), .

(North Vietnamese Army-NVA) 1959 -34/85. -54, -55 -76. Lang Vei, 1968. -76 13. - , , 1971. NVA ARVN. 1972, 100 , -483 20 Cua Viet. Kontum Binh Long, / ARVN. NVA - 250 .

NVA , . . , . 1973, Phuoc Long 1974. 1975, , NVA 800 -54 -55 Type 59.

-34/85 NVA , 1943. ZIS-S53 85 mm. -54 -34. 36.000 kg . D-10T 100 mm, SGMT 7,62 mm DsKM 12,7 mm. Model V-54, 523 hp. 48 km/h 400 km. NVA -54, -54() -54/. -54() Type 59. -55 -54 NVA -55 -55. - 76 D-56T 76.2 mm, 7,62 mm 12,7 mm. 14.000 kg .

Centurion Mk5/1 -113 1 , 1969.

1945 - , . 1946 . Viet Minh . 1949 . 1950 . Viet Minh , , , , , 1954, .

, 1951, - de Lattre de Tassigny. , . Groupement Mobiles (GM-

). GM- 100. GM ( ), 105 mm. 1 . 33 LVT-4 LVTA-4 75 mm 66 M-29C Wiesel ( Crabs). (Groupements Blindees-GB) (12 -24 8 -3) (-3). : 12 -24,15 -81 -8 75 mm, 12 -81 12 -3 -31. -41 Sherman - 51 Stuart, - 362.

, . , , , .

(1) Anthony Robinson: WEAPONS OF THE VIETNAM WAR.(2) Simon Dunstan: ARMOUR OF THE VIETNAM UMRS. Vanguard 42, Osprey.(3) Bogdan Stech: UPADEK SAJGONU.(4) Christopher F. Foss: TANKS AND FIGHTING VEHICLES. Salamander, 1977.(5) Steven J. Zaloga: US LIGHT TANKS 1944-84. Vanguard 40, . Osprey.

~: -~!

, , ..

1964,

-1

-3

1974,

()

( 1964- 1974)

.

,

.

1963 , , . , , .

, 1964, - . , , 14 , . , 1964 ,

1974, . ,

Rogers, . , .

, 1964 1974. . , , . 50 " -

29

.

. .

.

, , . , - -- , . , -

30 - *

.

, , . , .. , , - . , , - . , ' .

, .

, , , . , , , - - . , .

. ( ) , , , .

. , . , - .

. 28 1964 , , , .

(5-8 1964), . . , , . , , , - , . ", , , , F- 100 .

, , .

40 mm 20 mm. 18 : - - , - , , . - , - 26 1964 . , -

6 6 , . - , , . -

, 25 1965.

.

, : , , - . , , , . - , , , ,

, .

, , . , , , ( !). , - - , . - , -

, . . , , , 24 , , , , , . , - , , , . , . . , , , ' .

.

. , , .

, , , : , , . , ", . ,

15 ! - , - . -34 , - , , .

13 1965. , : SAM (Surface to Air Missiles), , . , -

, . , , , , , . , Newsweek , - . Bogaz, Russian, Arm s , . , , : . . , , . - . . , Oerlikon ( , - , !). , - , , , , .

32 . ,

, ( , ).

. , . , , , . , . . , , -

. , 24 , . , , , , . , , , ( ) .

, . , . , 50 , , , - . - , , . , 7-8 . , 2-3 - 3-4 ( ), , .

. '. . ... , , . , . , , , . 1965 . , .

, , . - - (-1, -2, -3 -4, -5, -6 )

: , , , , , . , : , , , . . , . , . - , , , . , , , . , - .,. . - , - . , . . 20 - , !! - , - - , .

1965, . , - , . ( ) . , . - , . ,

: * = - /

. , ... , , , . , , -

7 &" 1964.

. .

01

, - . , . , . , . . , , . . ", . ,

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.

, , - . 15 . - . , . , , . , , , . . - ( ) . .

, , , - . 20 -4 -5 . ... , - , .

.

, . , , - .

. . , , . , . . - , 33 . ( ) , 1965. . ( ). . . . 12 . , : ( ...). 14 , , ( )

. 15 20- . , 40 , " . , , - .

, - , . - , . , - , . - - . , . - , , .

1974

, . , , , 100 , , . , - .

, . , .

. , , .

1966. , . , . . . .

, , , , . , - , . ( ), . , . , . , . . , , . , .

1974

. , , , - ! - , .

. , , . . , - . , . . - , - , -- . - . , , . - Kocatepe A lcitepe , - . , , - , . .

, BBC . ..." ... 19 20 , :

19 1974 21.15 21.40 - , 40 . . ( ): .

20 04.30. , 12 . - -1, , 2-3 . , -3, : , . 04.45 - . 05.00 05.23 - -3 -

: - ' i Q T I K H

.

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. , - . , - - , ( - , , - .

. . , ' ! , . , , . , , Exocet, ,

. , . , .

1964 1974, . , , . , , - , , - , .

1964- 66, , " ", " " G utenberg". 103.

I .. ,

M. Phil., .

(), , 11 (1045/46), (KAPUTRU), (), (), . , 18-19 1048 - - 1049, / , , . , , () ( 19 26 1071), .

36

- (1048/1049 ..)

- : (19 26 1071), ' , (17 1176), . - - , ( ) 1211 , - ' , , , , .

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1048 , - , , , (), . , , ( (),

/ 1045), (), . ( " 1015-18). 1018 - - . , " " - , (20 ) , . . > , - - : : : ^ - .

, e r : ~ : : ; v ia . , ..- 100 : . - . ( . ), 1048-1049, , , . ~ . - , .- ( . : . =3- , . > , :: - (1049) , roue .- - - , (140 - , 150 !). , au .

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(1) . : , ': 1071- 1571, 9 1955.(2) . : , : 867- 1204, 9 1957 ( . 1977).(3) . : , . 1984.(4) Hr. Bartik ian: 11 : 1, , 9 1976 (/-).(5) Hr. Bartik ian: ", / 13.1, 1985 (= I.E. ), 467-477.

IV ( ).(15) . : 01 . ', 1996.(16) G. Schlumberger: , '. 1906 ( 1977).(17). : , ' 2: 867-1081, 1988 . 1997.(18) Hr. Bartikian: LA CONQUETE DE L ARMENtE PAR L' EMPIRE BYZANTIN, Revue des etudes armeniennes, 8.1971, 327-340.(19) C. E. Bosworth: THE MEDIEVAL HISTORY OF IRAN. AFGHANISTAN AND CENTRAL ASIA, Variorum Reprints, 1977, V, XX.(20) M. Brosset: HISTOIRE DE LA GEORGIE. A -S'. 1860-1861.(21) C. Cahen: PRE-OTTOMAN TURKEY... 1071-1330, 1968 . : LA TUROUIE PRE-OTTOMANE, /- 1988.(22) C. Cahen: TURCOBYZANTINA ET ORIENS CHRISTIANUS, Var. Repr.. 1974, I, V.(23) F. Doiger . P. W irth: REGESTEN DER KAISERURKUNDEN DES OSTROMISCHEN REICHES. B ': 1025-1204, 1995 (' .).(24) ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF ISLAM. 1 . (Leiden, . 1993): Erzerum" ( R. Hartmann), Toghrilbeg" ( M. Houtsma).(25) W. Felix: BYZANZ UND DIE ISLAMISCHE WELT IM FRHEREN 11. JAHRHUNDERT... 1001-1055, 1981.(26) ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF ISLAM. 2 . (Leiden 1960 . .), Erzurum ( H. inaicik).(27) R. Grousset: HISTOIRE DE L ARMENIE DES ORIGINES A 1071, 1947, . 1973.(28) A. Hamdani: BYZANTINE-FATIMID RELATIONS BEFORE THE BATTLE OF MANZIKERT. Byzantine Studies/Etudes Byzantines 1,1974, 169-179.(29) A. Hamdani: A POSSIBLE FATIMID BACKGROUND TO THE BATTLE OF MANZIKERT, . Tarih A rastirm alari Dergisi / 6,1968,1-40.(30) E. Honigmann: DIE OSTGRENZE DES BYZANTINISCHEN REICHES VON 363 BIS 1071, 1935, . 1961.(31) I. Kafesoglu - . . . G. Leiser: HISTORY OF THE SELJUKS.., / Illinois 1988.(32) M. Koymen: (), ' 1979.(33) . Koymen: (), 1982 (' .).(34) J. Laurent: BYZANCE ET LES TURCS SELDJOUCIDES EN ASIE MINEURE, 2,1911/12,101-126.(35) J. Laurent: BYZANCE ET LES TURCS SELDJUCIDES DANS l. ASIE MINEURE JUSO EN 1081, - 1919.(36) P. Lemerle: CINQ ETUDES SUR LE 11e SIECLE BYZANTIN. 1977.(37) V. M inorsky: STUDIES IN CAUCASIAN HISTORY. 1953.(38) G. M oravcsik: BYZANTINOTURCICA, A '-B , 1958 ( .), 1983 ( ' .).(39) J. de Morgan: HISTOIRE DU PEUPLE ARMENIEN. 1919.(40) OXFORD DICTIONARY OF BYZANTIUM, . . A. Kazhdan (N. - 1991): Iberia". Theodosioupoiis ( N. Garsoian), Katakaion Kekaumenos ( C. B rand-A . Kazhdan), L iparites ( A. Kazhdan), Tughrul beg" ( C. Brand).(41) J. Shepard: SCYUTZES ON ARMENIA IN THE 1040s AND THE ROLE OF CATACALON CECAUMENOS, Revue des etudes armennienes 11,1975,269-311.(42) 0 . Turan: ... 1071-1318 (), / 1971 ' . 1984.(43) S. Vryonis: THE DECLINE OF MEDIEVAL HELLENISM IN ASIA MINOR... 11th-15th CENTURY, / 1971, . 1986 ( . ....).(44) . Yilmaz Oztuna: , ': 01 (), / 1964.

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25 - (ANZAC-Day) , War Memorial, -

. 6th Australian Division Associator ( 6 ). 1991, 1941 , 2/4 .. - Sir Ivan Dougherty, - ( ) Ian Cambell. , 20 , - 57 - .

, , - , ' .

(1) : 1940-1941.(2) /: NO 1940-1941.(3) George Odgers: ARMY AUSTRAUA(4) Laurie Barber: NEW ZEALAND WAR MEMORIAL.(5) Lew Lind: BATTLE OF THE WINE DARK SEA.(6) Geoffrey Edwards: THE ROAD TO PREVELLY.(7) Australian Defence Force Journal:RETURN TO GREECE. DESERT JOURNEY.(8) Major General J. Clayton: NEW ZEALAND ARMY.

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(1) Bulletin Periodique de la Presse Grecque, No 63, . 2-3.(2) , - 1923.(3) ..(4) . 1923.(5) . 5 1923.(6) " , 29 1923.(7) Ministern degli Affari Esteri, I Documenti Diplomatici itaiiani, Settima Serie.(8) London Times, 31 1923.(9) ". 31 1923.(10) Ministern degli Affari Esteri. I Documenti Diplomatiei Itaiiani, 30 1923, . 270.(11) ", 8 1923.

(1) Barros J.: THE CURFU INCIDENT OF 1923. MOUSSOLINI AND THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS.(2) .: 1900-1945.(3) - .: 1912-1940.(4) .(5) ", 29 1923 8 1923.(6) , 31 1923.(7) Harris, Wilson H.: ITALY. GREECE AND THE LEAGUE, ed. by League of Nations Union.

.

OPERATION

IWO JIMA

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Tadamichi Kuribayashi (), lwo Jima, (. R. Wheeler).

- . , , lwo Jima ( /Operation Detachment) 1945.

, , Palau,

. , Raymond A. Spruance, 5 , Volcano Ryuku Islands. lwo Jima ( Volcano) , , - Okinawa Kyushu Honshu. Saipan ( 1944), lwo Jima, . , , Henry . Hap Arnold, ( , ), lwo Jima, -29. Saipan, -29 ( ) . , lwo Jima, , , - . Marianas. lwo Jima .

, , 3 1 944 Chester Nimitz lwo Jima. ". - , , (Guadalcanal, Tarawa, Roi), (-6 /unsinkable/carriers).

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1944 -- . . : , . , , 145 , Masuo Ikeda. 145 2.700 , Kagoshima Kyushu, - . Kuribayashi . 1944, , Joichiro Sanada, lwo Jima

. , , Kuribayashi , , 7-10 . Sanada, , - .

Kuribayashi . , . . , , . . ,

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. Waterhouse The BAR on the _ Beach").

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Newsweek, Bill Hippie. , . ,

USS LST-779. 2 28 5 . : Rosenthall, , Lowery ( ), , Campbell, ( It only took a second Rich Pedroncelli, Naval History , 1995).

- lwo Jim a () Associated Press Jo e Rosenthal 23 1945, Suribachi . Rosenthal , Bill Genaust Bob Campbell, -

, . , - . . . , Kuribayashi . : - - - . .

. , ESiak, Peleliu, Angaur Luzon ( , ), , , . , . , , ,

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, 20 (. U.S. Marine Corps).

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Kuribayashi , - , . , , . , 10 , Kat . 11 1945 Kuribayashi , , .

lwo Jima (19 -26 1945), Spruance, 5 . Marc Mitcher -58 (Fast Carrier Task Force- 58/TF-58). Richmond Kelly Turner (Joint Expeditionary Force), Holland . Smith . , Harry Hill (Attack Force), W.H.P. Blandy (Amphibious Support Force) Harry Schmidt 5 (V Amphibious Corps). Schmidt (70.000 , , 3, 4 5). Hill 125 75 . , 495 lwo Jima . 10 1942 Guadalcanal.

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, (. U.S. Marine Corps).

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7^ , mm .

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5 . Kuribayashi ", . ", , , Kuribayashi , Ichimaru Ikeda . , - . Kuribayashi 21 , : " , . ". ,

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lwo Jima , ". D-Day USS Blessman (APD-48), - UDT . , , , ( ) , , . (D+2), 50 Kamikaze 495 . / . - Kaiten , .

lwo Jima . 24.000 3.000 (battle fatigue), 27.000 . 22.000 , 1.000 .

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, , , , - . , , , . , lwo Jima, . , Suribachi, , . Nimitz lwo Jima, Okinawa. 4 -29 17 . . (26 1945), , - lwo Jima -29 7 USAAF. -- " , .

(1) Sir Winston Churchill: , . (: ).(2) Terry Pierce, USN: OPERATIONAL MANEUVER FROM THE SEA, Proceedings ( 94).(3) Joseph H. Alexander, USMC (Rtd): IWO JIMA: AMPHIBIOUS PINACLE, Proceedings ( 1995).(4) Rick Pedronceili: IT ONLY TOOK A SECOND, Naval History ( 1995).(5) Joseph H. Alexander, USMC (Rtd): THE AMERICANS WILL SURELY COME, Naval History ( 1995).

, , . 7 . , , "... ... (. 45, , , 9 ). . . 76, ; , " . - . . 47, ' , , 7 , . , . 76 - . - ; . , , , , . . - . , - . . ... . . , -, -,

-, - -, - - ; . , , , , ; 6 .. ( ); (.. Bruno Keil) ; - " ( ") " ; -... , , , ( ) , , . - , - /- / , . ". : , ... ... - - .

; . " - . , , , , . pta . , , , . Jurien de la Graviere (. ) - , - (. 366). , , , . , , - , - 198 191, - .

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, , - . . " - , , , , . , . - , . - . ( . ), , - - . , ( , , 42) 399 .. " Juri-en de la Graviere, ( ) , . ! , , , ,

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. . , , - : ) No 7, 76 , : . 0 , , ) No 8 22, 12 . , . - (. No 8). ( ) . - ( ) : ( ) ( ) - (I. : , / 1995). 11 , , ( -- , ..) (G. Ostrogorsky: , .).

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