PAGE

5

(: )

5.1

. . , . , , , , , ( 5.1).

5.1. : () , () , () , () , (E) , () . : () Liapor 0.5cm, () 1cm (: D.A. Nield & A. Bejan, 1992).

. ( ) . , , (Dullien, 1979). , . , . , - . , Scheidegger (1974) .

, , . , , . . , , , . , , , . , .

, .

(Dullien, 1979). :

( . , , .

(5.1)

, , , , .

(5.2)

, , ,

(5.3)

( . , . , . , , Darcy (1856) :

(5.4)

: ,

: ,

: ,

: ,

: ,

: ,

: ,

h:

[L]

, ,

(5.5)

, , Dupuit-Forchheimer,

(5.6)

( . ( ) , , , , . (, , ..) .

( . , , ( 5.2). Carman (1937) , , A,B , , ,.

(5.7)

5.2. , .

5.2

() , Knudsen, . , / .

, , , , , . , ( ). , :

() ( ) , . , {,} , .

(5.8)

() , Knudsen. :

(5.9)

:

: ,

: ,

: ,

() . :

(5.10)

:

,

: ,

:

x- ,

:

x- .

, Graham, :

(5.11)

. . , 1 Fick .

(5.12)

:

: ( ),

: ,

:

,

:

.

, , . :

(5.13)

. , . Wang Smith (1983) :

(5.14)

. :

(5.15)

.

, Burganos Sotirchos (1987). (Pore Network) . ( 5.3,) , . , , . . , , :

(5.16)

:

: ,

:

5.3. () , () (), () (). (PN: Pore Network, EMT: Effective Medium Theory)

, , ( 5.3), . , , . Kirkpatrick (1973) (Effective Medium Theory).

(5.17)

. (5.17) .

, (Smooth Field Approximation) , , . Burganos Sotirchos .

(5.18)

:

: ,

: ,

: .

3 2.

, , , .

1. Darcy (1856) . . , , , , , . . , , , , . . , .

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(12)-(16) , :

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